The aim of this paper is to critically asses the different actors participating in the multilevel management of land resources in the Brazilian Amazon, through the theoretical framework of global governance studies and resource co-management. Four principles of adaptive resource co-management from existing theory were used: co-management as power sharing, comanagement as institution building, co-management as good governance, and co-management as trust building. During the analysis of the empirical material it became apparent that one side of the interaction between different actors in the Brazilian Amazon was not covered in previous literature, and that was the formation of horizontal and/or vertical partnerships between independent entities, or “co-management as network creation”. These partnerships, lasting or not, are established for the achievement of the common aim and lead to gains for all parties involved.

<p>The purpose of this research is to analyze business incubators and the relevant factors that take place inside these organizations.</p><p>The methodology used was a case study approach, which investigates a real environment, in this case: NeoEmpresa, a business incubator located in La Paz, Bolivia. The explanatory approach is also considered in this research since the purpose is to explain the business incubation characteristics as well as understand the importance of knowledge transfer and network creation inside business incubators.</p><p>The findings propose that the most adequate incubation model strongly depends on the incubator’s main purpose and that the learning practices that take place inside an incubator involve knowledge transfer, more considered experience transfer, and networking as relevant factors.</p>

The purpose of this research is to analyze business incubators and the relevant factors that take place inside these organizations. The methodology used was a case study approach, which investigates a real environment, in this case: NeoEmpresa, a business incubator located in La Paz, Bolivia. The explanatory approach is also considered in this research since the purpose is to explain the business incubation characteristics as well as understand the importance of knowledge transfer and network creation inside business incubators. The findings propose that the most adequate incubation model strongly depends on the incubator’s main purpose and that the learning practices that take place inside an incubator involve knowledge transfer, more considered experience transfer, and networking as relevant factors.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:12:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gilda Sabas de Souza.pdf: 2551482 bytes, checksum: 226d0b2ef987aabdd595eedbd98fc225 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-10 / This thesis questions the communicative aspects and the constitution of the subject through the creation process of Ana Cristina Cesar, Clarice Lispector and Frida Kahlo. Our corpus consists of books with letters by Ana Cristina Cesar, Clarice Lispector and Frida Kahlo and five Frida Kahlo s self-portraits. Our theoretical framework is grounded on the works of Flusser in the field of communication. The definition and structure of letters is based on the thoughts of Anonymous from Bologna, Caio Junior Victor, Michel Foucault and Mark Moraes. The analysis of self-portraits relies on reflections of Katia Canton, J. Moulin and Ernst Rebel; on the process of creation as a network, semioticallybased (Peircean line) we resorted to Cecilia Salles s research. The methodology covered the identification of the elements of creation that were significantly repeated, thus lending themselves to some generalizations about their creative processes. From this perspective the thesis discusses the concept of letter and the structure of the letters analyzed as well as contemplates this communicative medium along the studies of the processes of creation as a network, focusing on the marks left by authors in the constitution of the subjects of creation. Finally, we propose a possible analogy between the authors way of writing letters and the process of creating Frida Kahlo s self-portraits. The results are: discussion of the concept of letter, analysis of the structure of letters, reflection both on the communicative act in the creation process and on the constitution of creator subjects and finally on the analogical relationship between the writing of letters and the process of creating self-portraits / A tese questiona os aspectos comunicativos e a constituição do sujeito ao longo dos processos de criação de Ana Cristina Cesar, Clarice Lispector e Frida Kahlo. O corpus analisado é composto por livros de cartas das autoras Ana Cristina Cesar, Clarice Lispector e Frida Kahlo e por cinco autorretratos de Frida Kahlo. Utiliza-se o referencial teórico da área da comunicação, desenvolvido por Vilém Flusser. Sobre a definição e a estruturação da carta, baseia-se no pensamento de Anônimo de Bolonha, Caio Junior Victor, Michel Foucault e Marcos Moraes. Acerca do autorretrato o estudo se apoia nas reflexões de Kátia Canton, J. Moulin e Ernst Rebel; a respeito do processo de criação como rede, de base semiótica (linha peirceana) recorremos à pesquisa de Cecilia Salles. A metodologia partiu da identificação dos elementos de criação que se repetiam de forma significativa e ofereciam generalizações sobre seus processos de criação. A partir dessa perspectiva a tese discute o conceito de carta e sua estrutura; reflete sobre esse meio comunicativo no âmbito dos estudos dos processos de criação como rede e as marcas das autoras no processo de constituição de sujeitos da criação. Por fim, é proposta uma possível analogia entre a escritura das cartas e o processo de criação dos autorretratos de Frida Kahlo. Os resultados nos levam a discutir a respeito do conceito e da estrutura das cartas, refletir sobre o ato comunicativo no processo de criação, a constituição de sujeitos criadores e a relação analógica entre a escritura de cartas e o de autorretratos

Syfte:                           Syftet är att analysera intermediärens funktion i en svensk kontext för att öka kunskapen kring vilka roller en intermediär kan tillskrivas och varför de existerar. Syftet är vidare att analysera huruvida ett förtroende gentemot intermediären förelåg och vad detta förtroende baserades på. Detta för att skapa ett bidrag till befintlig forskning och öka kunskapen kring förtroendeskapande gentemot intermediärer.     Metod: Fallstudie av Stiftelsen Flemingsberg Science och dess projekt Kraftcentrum Flemingsberg. Semi-strukturerade intervjuer med respondenter vilka varit involverade i projekt drivna av Kraftcentrum Flemingsberg.   Teori Transaktionskostnadsteori, strukturella hål, kunskapsöverföring, medling och förtroende.                                  Slutsatser                  Intermediärerna fyllde en funktion utöver de traditionella ”brokering” och ”knowledge brokering” funktionerna genom att de även fungerade som operativa projektledare och stöd. Förtroende existerade i ett tidigt stadie och baserades på intermediärens kompetens och meriter.  Vidare baserades förtroendet även på organisationen vilken intermediären representerade och förmedlades genom, där organisationens finansiär och syfte även var betydelsefullt.

Untersuchungsgegenstand dieser Arbeit ist ein spieltheoretisches Modell für die dezentrale Erzeugung von Netzwerken durch eigennützige Agenten. Diese Akteure verfolgen das Ziel, ein zusammenhängendes Netzwerk aufzubauen, welches ihre individuelle Verbindungsqualität maximiert. Direktverbindungen im Netzwerk haben Kosten, weshalb die Agenten ihre Ausgaben für das Erstellen von Direktverbindungen und die damit erzielten Kommunikationskosten ausbalancieren müssen. Dieses Modell wurde vor einem Jahrzehnt von Fabrikant, Luthra, Maneva, Papadimitriou und Shenker eingeführt, um reale Netzwerke, welche aus der Interaktion von eigenützigen Parteien entstanden sind, zu verstehen. Zu solchen Netzwerken zählen das Internet und auch soziale Netzwerke. Die vorliegende Arbeit trägt zu diesem Forschungsvorhaben bei, indem die sogenannten Network Creation Games aus drei Perspektiven betrachtet werden. Die erste Sichtweise ist die Approximationsperspektive. Es wird untersucht, welche Netzwerke von sehr einfachen, in ihrer Berechnungsstärke eingeschränkten Agenten erzeugt werden und wie diese im Vergleich mit Netzwerken von Agenten, die beliebige Berechnungsstärke haben, abschneiden. Als zweite Sichtweise wird die Dynamikperspektive betrachtet. Dazu werden sequentielle Versionen des Modells definiert und anhand dieser wird explizit der Prozess der Netzwerkerzeugung untersucht. Die Hauptfragestellung ist, ob unter der natürlichen Annahme, dass Agenten stets ihre Situation verbessern wollen, der Prozess zu einem Gleichgewicht konvergiert und, falls dem so ist, wie dieser Prozess beschleunigt werden kann. Die Abhandlung wird mit der dritten Sichtweise, der Strukturperspektive, abgerundet. Es werden eine Vielfalt neuer Struktureigenschaften für verschiedene Gleichgewichtskonzepte bewiesen und neue Werkzeuge, die bei der Analyse von Gleichgewichtsnetzwerken mit hohen Direktverbindungskosten hilfreich sind, vorgestellt. / The subject of study in this thesis is a game-theoretic model for decentralized network creation by selfish agents. These agents aim to create a connected network among themselves which maximizes their individual connection quality. Links in the network are costly and therefore agents try to find a trade-off between their cost spent on creating edges and their cost incurred by communicating within the network. This model was proposed a decade ago by Fabrikant, Luthra, Maneva, Papadimitriou and Shenker with the goal of understanding real networks which emerge from the interaction of selfish entities without explicit central coordination, e.g. the Internet or social networks. We contribute to this research endeavor in many ways by considering these so-called Network Creation Games from three perspectives. Our first point of view on these games is the approximation perspective. We analyze which networks are created by very simple computationally bounded selfish agents and how these networks compare to networks built by agents having unlimited computational resources. The second point of view is the dynamics perspective. We turn the model into a sequential version and focus on the process of selfish network creation. For this, we investigate whether natural dynamics like best response dynamics are guaranteed to converge to an equilibrium of the game and if so, how this convergence process may be sped up. We complete the treatment of Network Creation Games with our third point of view: the structure perspective. We provide new structural insights for several equilibrium concepts and introduce new tools which shed light on the structure of equilibrium networks for high edge-cost.