Orientador: Elaine Minatel / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T10:31:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Burgos_RafaelRamosde_M.pdf: 2000317 bytes, checksum: 3ec9bdb6204407b72a6bd5378a5656ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Tratamentos com antioxidantes e bloqueadores de canais de cálcio têm apresentado resultados positivos na diminuição da mionecrose nas fibras musculares distróficas. O objetivo do presente projeto foi verificar se o tratamento com o bloqueador de cálcio Nifedipina (Ni) e o antioxidante Coenzima Q10 (CoQ10), administrados isoladamente ou em associação antes que se iniciem os ciclos de degeneração/regeneração muscular, pode apresentar efeito benéfico sobre as fibras musculares distróficas de camundongos mdx, modelo experimental da distrofia muscular de Duchenne. Camundongos mdx com 14 dias de vida pós-natal foram divididos em 4 grupos experimentais: (1) tratados com álcool 20% e solução aquosa 1% de Tween 80; (2) tratados com a associação de Ni e CoQ10; (3) tratados com Ni isoladamente; (4) e tratados com somente CoQ10. Camundongos da linhagem C57BL/10 foram usados como controle. Os músculos tibial anterior (TA), diafragma (DIA) e esternomastóideo (STN) foram retirados e utilizados para quantificar: (1) o número de fibras em degeneração, regeneradas e normais; (2) o nível de TNF-?, NF-?B e 4-HNE; (3) o conteúdo de cálcio total; e (4) a área de inflamação muscular. Amostras de sangue foram utilizadas para determinação dos níveis creatina quinase (CK). Os animais tratados com Ni apresentaram: redução significativa de fibras em degeneração no músculo TA, redução nos níveis de TNF-? em todos os músculos analisados e no conteúdo de NF-?B e cálcio no músculo DIA. Animais mdx tratados com Coenzima Q10 mostrou redução: CK, TNF-? no músculo TA, no conteúdo de NF-?B nos músculos DIA e STN, na área de inflamação no músculo DIA e determinação do cálcio nos músculos DIA e STN. A associação dos tratamentos demonstrou redução significativa na análise de CK, no TNF-? do músculo TA, na área de inflamação, conteúdo do NF-?B e cálcio no músculo DIA. O conjunto dos resultados sugere que a Ni e a CoQ10 possam ser potencialmente úteis para o tratamento farmacológico da distrofinopatias. Entretanto, estudos futuros da dosagem e do tempo de tratamento serão necessários para obtenção de efeitos benéficos mais significativos sobre os músculos distróficos / Abstract: Treatment using antioxidant and calcium channel blockers have shown positive results for myonecrosis decrease in dystrophic muscle fibers. The aim of this study is to verify if treatment with Nifedipine (Ni) calcium channel blocker and Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) antioxidant, administered alone or in association before degeneration/regeneration cycles take place, may have a beneficial effect on dystrophic muscle fibers in mdx mice, which are the experimental model for Duchenne's dystrophy. Mdx mice at 14 days old were divided into 4 experimental groups: (1) treated with 20% alcohol and 1% Tween 80 water solution; (2) treated with an association of Ni and CoQ10; (3) treated with Ni alone; and (4) treated with CoQ10 alone. C57BL/10 mice were used as a control. The tibialis anterior (TA), diaphragm (DIA) and sternomastoid (STN) muscles were removed and used for quantification of: (1) number of degenerated, regenerated and wild-type fibers; (2) TNF-?, NF-?B and 4-HNE levels; (3) total amount of calcium; and (4) muscle inflammation area. Creatine kinase (CK) was analyzed from a blood sample. The animals treated with Ni showed: a significant decrease of degenerated muscle fibers in the TA muscle, a reduced TNF-? level in all muscles analyzed and lower levels of NF-?B and calcium in the DIA muscle. Mdx mice treated with Coenzyme Q10 presented a decrease of the following: CK expression, TNF-? level in the TA muscle, NF-?B level in the DIA and STN muscles, inflammation area in the DIA muscle and calcium content in the DIA and STN muscles. The association of both drugs showed a significant reduction of CK in the blood, TNF-? in the TA muscle, and also a reduction of the inflammation area, the NF-?B expression and the calcium content of the DIA muscle. Overall results suggest that Ni and CoQ10 may play a potential role as a pharmacological treatment for dystrophynopathies. However, further studies must be carried out for both dosage and treatment period to obtain more significant beneficial effects on dystrophic muscles / Mestrado / Anatomia / Mestre em Biologia Celular e Estrutural

Abstract Both immunosuppressive and nifedipine medication have been associated with drug-induced gingival overgrowth. There are several hypothetical mechanisms for drug-induced gingival overgrowth, such as the influence of genetic predisposition, alterations in gingival tissue homeostasis, especially in the function of fibroblasts, and drug-induced action on growth factors. Clinical studies have also shown that, those with poor oral hygiene status drug-induced gingival overgrowth is more prevalent and severe than those with good oral hygiene status. The working hypothesis was that immunosuppressive medication and/or nifedipine medication affects inflammatory cell profile and mitotic activity of keratinocytes in human overgrown gingiva. We studied gingival samples, collected from nifedipine-medicated cardiac outpatients and immunosuppression-medicated organ-transplant recipients. Patients were placed into four groups: 1) the immunosuppression group, patients receiving cyclosporin-A (CsA), azathioprine (AZA) and prednisolone (Pred) 2) the immunosuppression plus nifedipine group, patients receiving CsA, AZA, Pred. and nifedipine 3) the nifedipine group patients receiving only nifedipine and 4) the non-medicated control group. All of the samples related to moderate to severe degrees of gingival overgrowth, covering half to two thirds of the clinical crown. The aim of the study was to investigate the occurrence of Langerhans cells, macrophages, mast cells and mitotic activity of keratinocytes in human drug-induced overgrown gingiva, and consequently to assess their possible role in the pathogenesis of drug-induced gingival overgrowth. We found that immunosuppressive medication increased the numbers of reparative macrophages (RM3/1) and decreased the numbers of tryptase- and chymase-positive mast cells (MCTC) cells. We have also shown that immunosuppressive and nifedipine medication decreased the numbers of Langerhans cells (CD1a) and increased the numbers of 27E10-macrophages parallelly. Additionally we found increase in the mitotic activity of gingival keratinocytes and even two-fold thickening of gingival epithelium in immunosuppressive and nifedipine medication-induced gingival overgrowth as compared with healthy gingiva. Immunosuppressive medication activated gingival epithelium (27E10 expression in gingival keratinocytes) more than nifedipine medication. In conclusion, our results suggest that gingival overgrowth among immunosuppressive- and nifedipine-medicated patients is related to alteration of tissue homeostasis. First, this suggestion is supported by changes found in the numbers of cells that directly affect connective tissue turnover, e.g. reparative macrophages (RM3/1) and mast cells. Changes in the numbers of these cells could alter the cytokine- and growth factor-profile, which affects fibroblast function. Secondly, we found changes in the numbers of cells involved in regulation of inflammation, e.g. Langerhans cells and monocytes as compared with healthy controls. Immunosuppressive medication could directly activate gingival keratinocytes. We suggest that our findings mainly reflect the effects of immunosuppressive medication, but the role of inflammation cannot be excluded. The changes observed above represent differences of the pathogenesis of drug-induced gingival overgrowth between immunosuppressive and nifedipine medication. It must be however remembered that drug-induced gingival overgrowth is a result of multicausal intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Age, gender, concomitant medication with multiple drugs, plaque accumulation, and genetic disposition are additional risk factors. The abnormal distribution of specific immune system cell subpopulations does not alone prove a functional relationship to gingival overgrowth.

Chronic surgical denervation of the rat vas deferens leads to an enhanced contractile response of the tissue to norepinephrine in vitro. Norepinephrine produces a higher rate of protein kinase C translocation to the particulate fraction of denervated tissues as compared with the paired, control vas deferens. Diacylglycerol generation in response to norepinephrine and contractile responses to phorbol diacetate were not altered by chronic denervation of the vas deferens. However, the contractile response to norepinephrine in these tissues was less susceptible to the inhibitory effects of the calcium channel blocker nifedipine. A potential role of protein kinase C in sensitizing the contractile apparatus to mobilized calcium in denervation supersensitivity is discussed.

The following thesis will describe the investigation of the effect of nifedipine (a calcium antagonist) on the Doppler flow velocity waveform of the umbilical artery. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first section is a literature review of the three main aspects of the thesis namely: 1. The uteroplacental circulation in humans and the pathophysiology related to this circulation in hypertension and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). 2. The biokinetics of nifedipine and a review of the experiments that have been performed using the drug in human and animal models. 3. The principles of Doppler ultrasound and the literature pertaining to its use in the study of the uteroplacental circulation. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the effect of nifedipine on fetal umbilical artery Doppler waveform analysis. In the first ·stage of the investigation the effect of the drug on hypertensive mothers has been examined, and in the second stage the effect on fetuses that have an increased resistance index of the umbilical artery Doppler waveform.

A nifedipina é uma dihidropiridina, antagonista de canal de cálcio utilizada no tratamento hipertensão arterial na gravidez. O presente estudo visa avaliar a influência do DM2 na farmacocinética da nifedipina em gestantes hipertensas. Foram avaliadas 12 gestantes hipertensas (grupo controle) e 10 gestantes hipertensas portadoras de DM 2 controlado (grupo DM), em uso de nifedipina retard (20 mg, 12/12 horas). A partir da 34ª semana de gestação foram coletadas amostras seriadas de sangue para a análise farmacocinética nos tempos zero, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, 480, 540, 600, 660 e 720 minutos após a administração do medicamento. Na resolução da gravidez coletou-se sangue materno e fetal para determinar a taxa de transferência placentária da nifedipina. Foram coletadas também alíquotas de sangue do espaço interviloso e de líquido amniótico para a determinação da distribuição do fármaco nestes compartimentos. As concentrações de nifedipina em plasma e líquido amniótico foram analisadas por LC-MS/MS. Os parâmetros farmacocinéticos e de transferência placentária da nifedipina, reportados como mediana foram comparados usando o teste Mann-Whitney, com nível de significância fixado em p<0,05. Os parâmentros encontrados para o grupo controle foram Cmax 26,41 ng/mL; tmax 1,79h; AUC0-12 235,99 ng.h/mL; Kel 0,16 h-1; t1/2 4,34 h; Vd/F 560,96 L; ClT/F 84,77 L/h. Para o grupo DM, foram encontrados os seguintes parâmetros Cmax 23,52 ng/mL; tmax 1,48h; AUC0-12 202,23 ng.h/mL; Kel 0,14 h-1; t1/2 5,00 h; Vd/F 609,40 L; ClT/F 98,94 L/h. As razões da concentração plasmática da nifedipina na veia umbilical, artéria umbilical, espaço interviloso e líquido amniótico pela concentração plasmática na veia materna foram para o grupo controle e para o grupo DM 0,53 e 0,44; 0,46 e 0,33; 0,78 e 0,87, respectivamente, e 0,05 para ambos os grupos. A razão da concentração plasmática da artéria umbilical pela veia umbilical foi 0,82 para o grupo controle e 0,88 para o grupo DM. Não houve influência do DM2 na farmacocinética e transferência placentária da nifedipina em gestantes hipertensas portadoras de diabetes controlado. O estudo sugere que o regime de dose da nifedipina não precisa ser modificado. / Nifedipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension in pregnant women. The present study aims to evaluate de effect of T2DM on the pharmacokinetics of nifedipine in hypertensive pregnant women.12 hypertensive pregnant women (control group) and 10 hypertensive pregnant women with controlled T2DM, using nifedipine retard (20 mg, 12/12h) were evaluated. From 34th week of gestation, serial blood samples were collected for pharmacokinetics analysis at times zero, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, 480, 540, 600, 660 e 720 minutes after drug administration. At delivery, maternal blood, umbilical vein and umbilical artery were collected to determine the rate of placental transfer of nifedipine. Aliquots from placental intervillous space and amniotic fluid were also collected to determine the drug distribution in these compartments. The concentrations of nifedipine in plasma and amniotic fluid were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Pharmacokinetics and transplacental transfer parameters of nifedipine, reported as median, were compared using Mann-Whitney test, with the level of significance set at p<0.05. The parameters presented for control group were Cmax 26.41 ng/mL; tmax 1.79h; AUC0-12 235.99 ng.h/mL; Kel 0.16 h-1; t1/2 4.34 h; Vd/F 560.96 L; ClT/F 84.77 L/h. For T2DM group the parameters presented were Cmax 23.52 ng/mL; tmax 1.48h; AUC0-12 202.23 ng.h/mL; Kel 0.14 h-1; t1/2 5.00 h; Vd/F 609.40 L; ClT/F 98.94 L/h. The ratios of plasma concentration of nifedipine in umbilical vein, umbilical artery, intervillous space and amniotic fluid for plasma concentration of maternal vein for control group and T2DM group were 0.53 and 0.44; 0.46 and 0.33; 0.78 and 0.87, respectively, and 0.05 for both groups. The ratios of plasma concentration of umbilical artery and umbilical vein were 0.82 for control group and 0.88 for T2DM group. T2DM does not influence the pharmacokinetics of nifedipine in hypertensive pregnant women with controlled diabetes. The study suggests that the nifedipine dose regimen doesnt need to be modified.

This dissertation describes the development of a new sustained release formulation of nifedipine. The new formulation was developed by coating commercially available immediate release soft elastic gelatin capsules using a spray coating technique with two different polymeric combinations. Dissolution studies were conducted and showed that controlled release of nifedipine was obtained by increasing the ratio of the water insoluble polymer in the coat and increasing the percent weight gain of the coating. Simulated plasma concentration versus time profiles after administration of 30 mg dose of selected formulations showed a prolonged nifedipine release with concentrations above the minimum effective concentration for up to 12 hours. Bioavailability and bioequivalence of tableted test formulation of verapamil HCL was determined in 8 volunteers and compared to Covera HS® under fed and fasting conditions. The 90% confidence intervals for individual percent ratios of the Cmax, AUC₀₋₅₈ and AUC₀ were not within the range of 80 - 125% in both fed fasted states, suggesting that these formulations are not bioequivalent. the bioavailability of verapamil from the new formulation was higher state but this effect was not statistically significant. Pharmacokinetics of terbinafine administered orally at single doses of 15, 30, 60 and 120 mg were determined in raptors to recommend an appropriate dosing scheduled for terbinafine in the treatment of Aspergillosis. Calculation of steady state trough terbinafine plasma concentration after administration of daily doses of 15 or 30 mg/day showed that 30 mg daily dose of terbinafine administered orally in raptors produces a steady state trough terbinafine plasma concentration above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of(0.8 1.6) µg/ml against aspregillus fumigatus. From the data, 30 mg per day oral dose of terbinafine should be the recommended dose for treatment of aspergillosis in raptors. Approximate pharmacokinetic linearity of terbinafine was demonstrated for AUC[subscript 0-t] in the dose range of 15 120 mg while non-linearity for Cmax in the same dose range was demonstrated using the power model. / Graduation date: 2005

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:49:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-06-24. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-11T03:25:29Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 Publico-00359.pdf: 689720 bytes, checksum: 26ae37941ffb4540a3a6a403db599064 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Objetivo: Avaliar efetividade e segurança dos bloqueadores de canal de cálcio comparando-os com inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina, placebo ou outros fármacos de uso oral ou sublingual em pacientes com urgência hipertensiva. Métodos: Revisão sistemática da literatura utilizando a metodologia da Colaboração Cochrane. Estratégia de Busca: As bases pesquisadas foram: MEDLINE (1966-2007), EMBASE (1980-2007), CENTRAL - Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (2007), LILACS (1982-2007), em sites de registros de ensaios clínicos; busca manual em anais de congressos e listas de referências de artigos publicados; contato com companhias farmacêuticas e autores de artigos publicados. Não houve restrição de linguagem. Critérios de Seleção: ensaios clínicos randomizados sobre utilização de fármacos orais ou sublinguais para tratamento de urgências hipertensivas em adultos de ambos os sexos. Os critérios de exclusão foram: ensaios clíncos não randomizados, pré-eclampsia/eclâmpsia, epistaxe não tratável, overdose por fármacos simpatomiméticos, feocromocitoma e emergências hipertensivas. Coleta de dados e análise: a extração de dados e avaliação de qualidade foi feita de acordo com critérios previamente determinados e os resultados foram comparados para determinação do grau de concordância. Avaliação de qualidade foi feita usando os critérios do “Cochrane Handbook” e escores de Jadad. Medidas de desfecho contínuas foram analisadas usando diferenças de médias ponderadas (DMP). Medidas de desfecho dicotômicas foram somadas usando modelo de efeito randômico e os resultados foram expressos como riscos relativos (RR). Resultados: Coletivamente, os 16 ensaios clínicos randomizados identificados incluíram 769 participantes e demonstraram um efeito superior dos inibidores da ECA no tratamento da urgência hipertensiva, avaliada em 223 participantes. Quanto aos efeitos adversos os mais freqüentes para os bloqueadores de canal de cálcio foram cefaléia (35/206), rubor (17/172) e alterações do ritmo cardíaco (14/189); para os inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina o efeito colateral mais freqüente foi disgeusia (25/38). Conclusões: Há evidências significantes a favor do uso de inibidores da ECA para o tratamento de urgências hipertensivas, quando comparados os efeitos adversos como cefaléia e rubor. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

A nifedipina é uma dihidropiridina, antagonista de canal de cálcio utilizada no tratamento hipertensão arterial na gravidez. O presente estudo visa avaliar a influência do DM2 na farmacocinética da nifedipina em gestantes hipertensas. Foram avaliadas 12 gestantes hipertensas (grupo controle) e 10 gestantes hipertensas portadoras de DM 2 controlado (grupo DM), em uso de nifedipina retard (20 mg, 12/12 horas). A partir da 34ª semana de gestação foram coletadas amostras seriadas de sangue para a análise farmacocinética nos tempos zero, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, 480, 540, 600, 660 e 720 minutos após a administração do medicamento. Na resolução da gravidez coletou-se sangue materno e fetal para determinar a taxa de transferência placentária da nifedipina. Foram coletadas também alíquotas de sangue do espaço interviloso e de líquido amniótico para a determinação da distribuição do fármaco nestes compartimentos. As concentrações de nifedipina em plasma e líquido amniótico foram analisadas por LC-MS/MS. Os parâmetros farmacocinéticos e de transferência placentária da nifedipina, reportados como mediana foram comparados usando o teste Mann-Whitney, com nível de significância fixado em p<0,05. Os parâmentros encontrados para o grupo controle foram Cmax 26,41 ng/mL; tmax 1,79h; AUC0-12 235,99 ng.h/mL; Kel 0,16 h-1; t1/2 4,34 h; Vd/F 560,96 L; ClT/F 84,77 L/h. Para o grupo DM, foram encontrados os seguintes parâmetros Cmax 23,52 ng/mL; tmax 1,48h; AUC0-12 202,23 ng.h/mL; Kel 0,14 h-1; t1/2 5,00 h; Vd/F 609,40 L; ClT/F 98,94 L/h. As razões da concentração plasmática da nifedipina na veia umbilical, artéria umbilical, espaço interviloso e líquido amniótico pela concentração plasmática na veia materna foram para o grupo controle e para o grupo DM 0,53 e 0,44; 0,46 e 0,33; 0,78 e 0,87, respectivamente, e 0,05 para ambos os grupos. A razão da concentração plasmática da artéria umbilical pela veia umbilical foi 0,82 para o grupo controle e 0,88 para o grupo DM. Não houve influência do DM2 na farmacocinética e transferência placentária da nifedipina em gestantes hipertensas portadoras de diabetes controlado. O estudo sugere que o regime de dose da nifedipina não precisa ser modificado. / Nifedipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension in pregnant women. The present study aims to evaluate de effect of T2DM on the pharmacokinetics of nifedipine in hypertensive pregnant women.12 hypertensive pregnant women (control group) and 10 hypertensive pregnant women with controlled T2DM, using nifedipine retard (20 mg, 12/12h) were evaluated. From 34th week of gestation, serial blood samples were collected for pharmacokinetics analysis at times zero, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, 480, 540, 600, 660 e 720 minutes after drug administration. At delivery, maternal blood, umbilical vein and umbilical artery were collected to determine the rate of placental transfer of nifedipine. Aliquots from placental intervillous space and amniotic fluid were also collected to determine the drug distribution in these compartments. The concentrations of nifedipine in plasma and amniotic fluid were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Pharmacokinetics and transplacental transfer parameters of nifedipine, reported as median, were compared using Mann-Whitney test, with the level of significance set at p<0.05. The parameters presented for control group were Cmax 26.41 ng/mL; tmax 1.79h; AUC0-12 235.99 ng.h/mL; Kel 0.16 h-1; t1/2 4.34 h; Vd/F 560.96 L; ClT/F 84.77 L/h. For T2DM group the parameters presented were Cmax 23.52 ng/mL; tmax 1.48h; AUC0-12 202.23 ng.h/mL; Kel 0.14 h-1; t1/2 5.00 h; Vd/F 609.40 L; ClT/F 98.94 L/h. The ratios of plasma concentration of nifedipine in umbilical vein, umbilical artery, intervillous space and amniotic fluid for plasma concentration of maternal vein for control group and T2DM group were 0.53 and 0.44; 0.46 and 0.33; 0.78 and 0.87, respectively, and 0.05 for both groups. The ratios of plasma concentration of umbilical artery and umbilical vein were 0.82 for control group and 0.88 for T2DM group. T2DM does not influence the pharmacokinetics of nifedipine in hypertensive pregnant women with controlled diabetes. The study suggests that the nifedipine dose regimen doesnt need to be modified.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-03-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:22:59Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 kanno_cm_dr_araca.pdf: 1730975 bytes, checksum: 620b9c72f44529033f574688f3ea9bde (MD5) / INTRODUÇÃO: As alterações em gengiva induzidas por medicamentos têm sido pouco estudadas quanto à expressão in vivo dos genes das metoloproteinases (MMPs). O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o padrão histológico de distribuição de fibras colágenas após a administração de ciclosporina, nifedipina ou fenitoína e correlacionar com a expressão dos genes do colágeno do tipo I, MMP-1 e MMP2. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Amostras da gengiva da área de canino superior direito foram obtidas de doze macacos prego (Cebus apella) machos. A extremidade mesial de cada amostra foi imediatamente congelada em nitrogênio líquido enquanto que a distal foi processada para inclusão em parafina. Após uma semana, os animais foram divididos em três grupos que receberam doses diárias de ciclosporina, fenitoína ou nifedipina, durante 120 dias. Procedeu-se à remoção de amostras da gengiva da área do canino superior esquerdo de dois animais de cada grupo aos 52 e 120 dias. Os cortes histológicos foram corados pelas técnicas da hematoxilina e eosina, vermelho picrosirius, além da marcação imunoistoquímica para colágeno do tipo IV. O RT-PCR semiquantitativo foi realizado para se determinar os níveis de mRNA. RESULTADOS: No grupo controle, houve o predomínio de fibras colágenas maduras, evidenciadas com a cor vermelha em cortes corados pela técnica do vermelho picrosirius analisados com microscópio de luz polarizada. Observou-se nos grupos tratados aos 52 e 120 dias um aumento da porcentagem de áreas ocupadas por fibras imaturas, em todos os grupos, independentemente da idade do animal. No entanto, não foram observadas diferenças morfológicas entre os grupos controle e tratado nos cortes corados pela hematoxilina e eosina. Houve uma tendência a valores médios mais baixos... / Background: Few studies have focused on the in vivo expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) genes in gingival changes induced by drugs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histological pattern of collagen fiber distribution after phenytoin, cyclosporine or nifedipine medication and correlate with collagen type 1, MMP-1 and MMP-2 gene expression levels. Methods: Gingival samples were obtained from superior right canine area of twelve male capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). The mesial part of the biopsy specimens was immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen, while the distal one was processed for paraffin inclusion. One week after the control biopsy, the animals were divided in three groups that received daily doses of cyclosporine, phenytoin or nifedipine during 120 days. Gingival samples were obtained from left superior canine area on 52nd and 120th day of treatment (two animal of each experimental group). Histologic sections were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin, picrosirius red stainings, and to immunohistochemical reaction for collagen type IV. MMP-1, MMP-2 and collagen type I mRNA levels were determined by RT-PCR. Results: Predominance of mature collagen fibers was observed in the control group after picrosirius red staining, visualized as red fibers under polarized microscope. Increased percentage of areas occupied by immature collagen fibers was observed on 52 and 120 experimental periods, in all groups, despite the animal age. However, no morphological differences between treated and control groups were observed on hematoxilin and eosin stained sections. There was a trend to lower levels of MMP-1 expression on 52-day samples. However, MMP-2 and collagen type I gene expressions seemed to be phased and drug-related. Conclusions: The results allowed the ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Alvimar Lima de Castro / Banca: Renata Tucci / Banca: José Fernando Garcia / Banca: Sérgio Roberto Peres Line / Banca: José Américo de Oliveira / Resumo: INTRODUÇÃO: As alterações em gengiva induzidas por medicamentos têm sido pouco estudadas quanto à expressão in vivo dos genes das metoloproteinases (MMPs). O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o padrão histológico de distribuição de fibras colágenas após a administração de ciclosporina, nifedipina ou fenitoína e correlacionar com a expressão dos genes do colágeno do tipo I, MMP-1 e MMP2. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Amostras da gengiva da área de canino superior direito foram obtidas de doze macacos prego (Cebus apella) machos. A extremidade mesial de cada amostra foi imediatamente congelada em nitrogênio líquido enquanto que a distal foi processada para inclusão em parafina. Após uma semana, os animais foram divididos em três grupos que receberam doses diárias de ciclosporina, fenitoína ou nifedipina, durante 120 dias. Procedeu-se à remoção de amostras da gengiva da área do canino superior esquerdo de dois animais de cada grupo aos 52 e 120 dias. Os cortes histológicos foram corados pelas técnicas da hematoxilina e eosina, vermelho picrosirius, além da marcação imunoistoquímica para colágeno do tipo IV. O RT-PCR semiquantitativo foi realizado para se determinar os níveis de mRNA. RESULTADOS: No grupo controle, houve o predomínio de fibras colágenas maduras, evidenciadas com a cor vermelha em cortes corados pela técnica do vermelho picrosirius analisados com microscópio de luz polarizada. Observou-se nos grupos tratados aos 52 e 120 dias um aumento da porcentagem de áreas ocupadas por fibras imaturas, em todos os grupos, independentemente da idade do animal. No entanto, não foram observadas diferenças morfológicas entre os grupos controle e tratado nos cortes corados pela hematoxilina e eosina. Houve uma tendência a valores médios mais baixos ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Background: Few studies have focused on the in vivo expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) genes in gingival changes induced by drugs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histological pattern of collagen fiber distribution after phenytoin, cyclosporine or nifedipine medication and correlate with collagen type 1, MMP-1 and MMP-2 gene expression levels. Methods: Gingival samples were obtained from superior right canine area of twelve male capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). The mesial part of the biopsy specimens was immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen, while the distal one was processed for paraffin inclusion. One week after the control biopsy, the animals were divided in three groups that received daily doses of cyclosporine, phenytoin or nifedipine during 120 days. Gingival samples were obtained from left superior canine area on 52nd and 120th day of treatment (two animal of each experimental group). Histologic sections were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin, picrosirius red stainings, and to immunohistochemical reaction for collagen type IV. MMP-1, MMP-2 and collagen type I mRNA levels were determined by RT-PCR. Results: Predominance of mature collagen fibers was observed in the control group after picrosirius red staining, visualized as red fibers under polarized microscope. Increased percentage of areas occupied by immature collagen fibers was observed on 52 and 120 experimental periods, in all groups, despite the animal age. However, no morphological differences between treated and control groups were observed on hematoxilin and eosin stained sections. There was a trend to lower levels of MMP-1 expression on 52-day samples. However, MMP-2 and collagen type I gene expressions seemed to be phased and drug-related. Conclusions: The results allowed the ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor