Abhandlung-Zürich. / Lebenslauf. Bibliography: p. 85-91.

Zugl.: Leipzig, Universiẗat, Diss., 2005.

Zugl.: Freiburg (Breisgau), Univ., Diss., 2010

Habilitationsschrift--Marburg. / Bibliography: p. 550-566.

Zugl.: Frankfurt, Main, Univ., Diss. / Literaturverz. S. 255 - 271

Meine Doktorarbeit behandelt hauptsächlich den todfeindlichen Kampf zwischen Nietzsches Philosophie und Jesus Lehre, im Nietzsches Worte, Judda gegen Rom, Rom gegen Judda. Ich habe versucht, die Quelle dieses Kampfes begrifflich zu erklären. Dafür habe ich den Begriff 'Inkompatibilität' verwendet und ich habe auch versucht, den scheinbaren Widerspruch der Begriffe von Nietzsche zu erklären, z. B., die Kritik an Willensfreiheit und die Freiheit des freien Geistes, der scheinbare Widerspruch zwischen Wille zur Macht und ewiger Wiederkehr des Gleichen und die begriffliche Beziehung zwischen Philosophie und Wissenschaft. Man kann nur einen Standpunkt von Judda gegen Rom haben, weil dieser Kampf keinen Kompromiß erlaubt. / My PhD thesis treat mainly deadly battle between Nietzschean philosophy and christian doctrine, in Nietzschean concept, Jew against Rome, Rome against Jew. The source of this battle has been conceptually explained. The incompatibility describes the source of that deadly battle. The seeming inconsistency of Nietzschean concepts has been explained on entire context of Nietzschean philosophy, for example, the critique of the freedom of will and the freedom of free spirit, the seeming contradiction between will to power and eternal recurrence and conceptual relationship between philosophy and science. Just one standpoint can be chosen between Jew against Rome, because this battle doesn't allow any compromise between them.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-06-02T11:37:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danieldasilvatoledo.pdf: 3685456 bytes, checksum: 7ecc3c3b0994d8f1e506c042b6dac26f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-02T13:06:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 danieldasilvatoledo.pdf: 3685456 bytes, checksum: 7ecc3c3b0994d8f1e506c042b6dac26f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-02T13:06:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 danieldasilvatoledo.pdf: 3685456 bytes, checksum: 7ecc3c3b0994d8f1e506c042b6dac26f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-08 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O propósito maior dessa tese consiste em apontar um possível vínculo histórico-ontológico entre a dimensão trágica dos gregos e o horizonte niilista da modernidade a partir da relação de tensão entre mortais e divinos tendo como referência central o pensamento do filósofo alemão Martin Heidegger. Com isso, tentaremos estabelecer um fundamento trágico para o evento moderno da morte de Deus a partir da relação essencial de distanciamento entre o mortal e a deidade. A partir disso, aquilo que também tentaremos evidenciar é que a condição originariamente trágica do homem deverá ser compreendida como essencialmente metafísica basicamente pelo seu comprometimento existencial com uma abertura de sentido que lhe sobrepuja e lhe escapa. De maneira complementar, devemos poder afirmar que a metafísica é essencialmente trágica, caso possamos localizar seus principais componentes de força já na época trágica dos gregos. / Das Hauptziel dieser Doktorarbeit besteht darin, einen möglichen geschichtlichenontologischen Zusammenhang zwischen den tragischen Bereich der Griechen und den nihilistichen Horizont der Neuzeit aus der Spannung zwischen die Sterblichen und die Göttlichen zu zeigen. Aus Heideggers Gedanke der wesentlichen Entfernungsbeziehung zwischen den Menschen und die Götter versuchen wir einen tragischen Grund für das neuzeitliche Ereignis des Gottestodes festzustellen. Damit versuchen wir auch zu erweisen, dass die anfängliche tragische Bedingung des Menschen, aufgrund der Sinnsöffnung, die ihn übertrifft, als wesentlich metaphysisch verstanden werden soll. Schließlich wollen wir noch bestätigen, dass die Metaphysik wesentlich tragisch ist, falls wir ihre Hauptelemente schon in der tragischen Zeit der Griechen finden können.

The following work explores the phenomenon of death, one of the oldest questions of mankind. It tracks the evolution of the perception of death in the tradition of European Thought since the intention for eternity, through the gradual replacement of eternity with the pursuit of immortality, which ends up in nihilism. It also follows the gradual obfuscation of the death question to a state, where we do not understand our own death. In the second part we formulate paths from the implied nihilism through being to death and the authentic existence from Martin Heidegger, the oblation love from Gabriel Marcel, and experience with death of the nearest from P. L. Landsberg. Following these three philosophers we then formulate the concept of a concrete world as a world tied with us and therefore the non- indifferent world. In the third part of the thesis we project the whole issue into the education domain, which we formulate as an education to death, to love, and to courage. Education such as the one that teaches us to be, cannot avoid death. On the contrary, it is its core theme.

Nietzsche´s work criticizes the existing method of philosophizing which diverts man from his major problems. First of all it is neccessary to deal with human life and to understand what determines life and what defines world. Human life is dominated by the will to power. However it depends, wheather man recognizes the will and wheather he follows this awarness. So far, man has been controlled by emotions which are often considered to be the truth. The will to power predetermines the human evolution to the higher level - the Superman ( Der Übermensch). The Superman is able to implement the will, to become a completely free beeing, controlling everything within his reach - even humanity. The Superman is driven by his own benefits, creating a new morality in which it applies that good is what is useful for life of a Superman. Existing humanity seeks in its weakness support in the faith in God. Only Superman is able to avoid this domination, because for him God is dead. life is what constantly arises and expires in its particular actions. The way of the world is determinatd by the eternal return, which is accepted by a Superman.

In my doctoral thesis, I diversify so-called deviant behavior of children by means of a critical concept of nihilism and lead them back to a certain intellectual origin, namely, to the idealistic thinking tradition, which leads to the Philosophy of Lack and Not. I see this philosophy in the theories of Lacan and Merleau-Pontys, diametrically opposed to the idealistic thinking tradition. Departing from the ineradicable non-consciousness of man, Merleau-Ponty works out the laws of perception and Lacan the laws of language. As I refer to these authors and to the Philosophy of Not, my investigation proceeds not simply from the human capacity to be educated, but from the fact that in certain cases this capacity is to be yet established. The Philosophy of Not, complemented by the methodology of a cartography of negative experiences developed by the artist Robert Smithson, open up new surprising theoretical approaches to (educational) practical challenges. Starting from the laws recognized by Merleau-Ponty and Lacan, an explanation and possible forms of dealing with nihilistic behavior can be derived. / In meiner Doktorarbeit diversifiziere ich Verhaltensauffälligkeiten bzw. –störungen anhand eines kritischen Begriffs des Nihilismus und führe sie auf eine bestimmte gedankliche Herkunft, nämlich auf die idealistische Denktradition, zurück, die zu der Philosophie des Mangels und des Nicht, wie ich sie in den Theorien Lacans und Merleau-Pontys vertreten sehe, diametral entgegensteht. Vom unhintergehbaren Nichtfestgestelltsein des Menschen ausgehend arbeitet Merleau-Ponty die Gesetze der Wahrnehmung und Lacan die Gesetze der Sprache heraus. - Indem ich mich auf diese Autoren und auf die Philosophie des Nicht berufe, geht meine Untersuchung nicht schlicht von der Erziehbarkeit des Menschen aus, sondern davon, dass eine solche in bestimmten Fällen erst herzustellen ist. Die Philosophie des Nicht, ergänzt um die von dem Künstler Robert Smithson entwickelte Methode der Kartographie von Negativerfahrungen, eröffnet überraschend neue theoretische Zugriffsmöglichkeiten auf (erziehungs-)praktische Zusammenhänge. Ausgehend von den von Merleau-Ponty und Lacan erkannten Gesetzen lassen sich eine Erklärung und tatsächlich auch mögliche Umgangsformen mit nihilistischen Verhaltensauffälligkeiten ableiten.