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Lexique-grammaire des constructions converses en a da/ a primi en roumain / Lexicon-grammar of converse constructions in a da/ a primi in RomanianCiocanea, Cristiana 12 July 2011 (has links)
Ce travail sur les constructions converses en a da/ a primi contribue à la construction du lexique-grammaire du roumain. Les tables DP1 et DP2 sont le résultat de l'analyse des phrases à V-n (noms prédicatifs associés à des verbes) ou Npa (noms prédicatifs autonomes) actualisés par le verbe support a da. Les particularités du roumain font que les propriétés syntaxiques décrites soient très intéressantes lorsque nous analysons d'une manière contrastive le français et le roumain. Les divergences entre la réalisation des verbes supports a da et donner, aussi bien que les divergences concernant leurs variantes et les déterminants des noms prédicatifs étudiés, constituent des difficultés dans les domaines de la traductologie et de l'enseignement du FLE / This work on a da/ a primi converse constructions contributes to the creation of the lexicon-grammar of Romanian. The tables DP1 and DP2 are the product of an analysis of sentences containing the support verb 'a da' and V-n (predicative nouns associated to verbs) or Npa (autonomous predicative nouns). The particularities of Romanian make the description of syntactic properties interesting especially when comparing this language to French. The dissimetries in collocations as well as those regarding determiners and variants of support verbs a da/ donner result in difficulties one encounters in the domains of traductology and teaching French as a foreign language
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Descrição e análise morfossintática do nome e do verbo em Pykobjê-Gavião (Timbira) / Description and morphosyntactic analysis of noun and verb classes in Pykobjê-Gavião (Timbira)Silva, Talita Rodrigues da 24 October 2011 (has links)
No presente estudo descrevemos e analisamos, sob o viés morfossintático, as partes do discurso que se diferenciam no dialeto Timbira conhecido como Pykobjê- Gavião (Tronco Macro-Jê, Família Jê). Através de uma abordagem tipológicofuncionalista, discutimos (i) aspectos de tipologia e ordem de palavras, (ii) distinção entre as duas classes de palavras mais comuns no rol das línguas naturais do mundo, isto é, nome e verbo e (iii) demais classes de palavras observáveis nessa variante linguística, na medida em que se relacionam a nome e verbo. Veremos que os nomes funcionam em Pykobjê-Gavião, basicamente, como núcleo de argumento; ao passo que o verbo, que é mais fomentador de relações, tem como principal atribuição dentro da frase atuar como núcleo de predicado. Os verbos se dividem, por sua vez, em verbos intransitivos simples (único argumento: Sa, So ou Sio) ou intransitivos estendidos e verbos transitivos simples (dois argumentos: A e P) ou transitivos estendidos. Para fundamentar a análise utilizaremos, principalmente, Comrie (1985), Dik (1997), Dryer (1999), Givón (1997, 2001), Payne (1997) e Schachter (2007). / In this thesis, we have described and analyzed, under the bias morphosyntactic, the parts-of-speech systems we could differ in one Timbiras dialect, known as Pykobjê- Gavião (Macro-Jê Branch, Jê Family). Via a functional-typological approach, we have discussed (i) some aspects about language typology and word order correlations, (ii) some distinctions between noun and verb classes, i.e., the most usual word classes among all natural languages and (iii) some others word classes we could observe in this dialect to extent that they are related to noun and verb. We will see that the names work in Pykobjê-Gavião basically as the core of the argument, whereas the verb, which is high promoter relations, within the clause acts mainly as the core of the predicate. Verbs can be divided for analysis into intransitive verbs (single argument: Sa, So or Sio) or extended intransitive verbs and transitive verbs (two arguments: A and P) or extended transitive verbs. To support our analysis we will use, mainly, Comrie (1985), Dik (1997), Dryer (1999), Givón (1997, 2001), Payne (1997) e Schachter (2007).
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O sintagma nominal do caboverdiano: uma investigação semântica / Noun phrase of the Cape Verdean language: a semantic investigationMiranda, Wania 28 June 2013 (has links)
A presente dissertação realiza uma investigação semântica do sintagma nominal (NP) do caboverdiano, língua falada no arquipélago de Cabo Verde, localizado na costa ocidental africana. As análises concentram-se na variedade de Santiago, ilha em que está localizada a capital do país, a cidade de Praia. Os nomes no caboverdiano, em geral, não são acompanhados de determinante e podem ser interpretados tanto como definidos quanto indefinidos. A utilização de un / uns está, em geral, associada a introdução de novos referentes, seu uso, contudo, não é frequente. Existe, ainda, a partícula kel/kes que parece veicular, entre outras coisas, definitude. Tal emprego, todavia, tampouco se dá frequentemente. O estatuto de kel, em caboverdiano, causa algumas divergências entre os pesquisadores da língua. Alguns autores advogam que ele desempenha, por vezes, o papel de artigo definido (ver, entre outros, (Alexandre and Soares, 2004), (Baptista, 2007), (Quint, 2000)). Discutiremos alguns dos trabalhos que versam sobre o sintagma nominal em caboverdiano, apresentando argumentos que corroboram ou não essa hipótese. A bem da verdade, a maioria das descrições sobre o caboverdiano não manifesta acordo quanto à existência ou não de artigo definido nessa língua. Os que afirmam sua existência parecem, muitas vezes, apresentar análises da língua centradas na descrição e análise do português, principalmente do português europeu. Diante dessa perspectiva, diversos fenômenos idiossincráticos do caboverdiano podem passar despercebidos, como no caso de uma possível contribuição ilocucional do operador uma, outro modificador do sintagma nominal. Este trabalho procura realizar uma análise do caboverdiano centrada nos fatos da própria língua, investigando as diferentes estratégias de interpretação dos nomes, bem como o papel dos elementos que compõem o sintagma nominal. / This dissertation conducts an investigation of the semantic of the noun phrase (NP) Cape Verdean language, spoken in the Cape Verde, archipelago located on the West African coast. The analysis focuses on the Santiago variety. The nouns in the Cape Verdean are generally determinerless and can be interpreted both as definite and indefinite. The introduction of new referents is generally associated with the use of un/uns, its use however is not frequent. There are also the particle kel/kes it seems vehicle, among other things, definiteness. Such employement, however, nor is often gives. The status of kel in Cape Verdean, cause some disagreement among of the language researchers. Some scholars advocate that kel may assume, sometimes, the role of a definite article (see among others (Alexandre and Soares, 2004), (Baptista, 2007), (Quint, 2000)). I will discuss several works which deal with noun phrase in Cape Verdean, revealing arguments which confirm whether or not this hypothesis. In fact, most of the Cape Verdean descriptions not show agreement on the definite article presence or absence in that language. Those who claim its existence often seem to present analysis of the Cape Verdean centered on the description and analysis of the Portuguese, especially European Portuguese. With that prospect, severals idiosyncratic phenomena of the Cape Verde may go unnotice, as in the case of a possible illocutionary contribution of the uma operator, another noun phrase modifier. This work attempt examine of the an Cape Verdean analyse focused on the language facts theirselves, investigating different strategies for nouns interpretation, as well as the elements role on the noun phrase.
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Learning nouns for objects and verbs for actions: the roles of social interaction and linguistic structure in Chinese lexical acquisition. / CUHK electronic theses & dissertations collectionJanuary 2011 (has links)
Xiao, Wen. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-114). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese.
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[en] THE NP IN PORTUGUESE AND ARABIC, ITS BEHAVIOR, SIMILARITIES AND CONTRASTIVE ASPECTS IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF PARAMETERS / [pt] O SINTAGMA NOMINAL NO PORTUGUÊS E NO ÁRABE, SEU COMPORTAMENTO, SEMELHANÇAS E ASPECTOS CONTRASTIVOS NO ESTABELECIMENTO DE PARÂMETROSJACYRA MAGALHAES DE ARAUJO DE BIASE 23 December 2003 (has links)
[pt] Possibilidade de contribuição de uma análise contrastiva
para o estabelecimento de parâmetros confiáveis e
compatíveis entre línguas. O essencial e o central versus
o
periférico Nessa dissertação procura-se mostrar que por
detrás de uma forma subjaz sempre algo mais profundo e
explicitado em si mesmo e que a diversidade aparente
será,
muitas vezes, ilusória e de natureza epifenomenal, ou
seja, essa diversidade se oriunda da interação de
princípios fixos sob condições ligeiramente variantes.
Através de uma amostra propõe-se mostrar o comportamento
e
a coocorrência de especificadores demonstrativos,
possessivos e atributivos nas duas línguas, português e
árabe, bem como o papel desempenhado pelo determinante
artigo definido na formação de uma construção específica
na
língua árabe, o IDaafa, que dispensa a preposição como
elemento de ligação mas traz o uso compulsório do
determinante respeitadas restrições que podem ocorrer
graças aos elementos constitutivos dentro do sintagma. / [en] A contrastive analysis may contribute for the establishment
of reliable and compatible parameters among languages. Core
always surpasses periphery and in the reality of languages
one should not attain oneself to a first appearance. In our
dissertation we have tried to show that behind one specific
form there lies something much deeper and explicited in
itself and that an apparent diversity is most of times
illusory and of epiphenomenal nature, that is, this
diversity stems from the interaction of fixed principles
under slightly varying conditions. By means of a sample we
propose to present the behavior and the coocurrence of
demonstrative, possessive and attributive specifiers in the
two languages, Portuguese and Arabic, as well as the role
played by the determiner, the definite article, in the
formation of a specific structure in the Arabic language
named the IDaafa which needs no linking element such as the
preposition but demands the compulsory use of the
determiner, restrictions being respected thanks to the
constitutive elements enrolled within the NP.
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Count-mass distinction and the acquisition of classifiers in Mandarin-speaking children. / 可数与不可数区别及汉语儿童量词获得 / Ke shu yu bu ke shu qu bie ji Han yu er tong liang ci huo deJanuary 2009 (has links)
Huang, Aijun. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 157-166). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Acknowledgement --- p.i / List of tables and figures --- p.vi / Abstract --- p.viii / 摘要 --- p.x / Chapter CHAPTER ONE --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Outline of the thesis --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Organization of the thesis --- p.9 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO --- Count-mass distinction and acquisition issues --- p.12 / Chapter 2.0 --- Introduction --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1 --- "Syntactic, semantic and ontological aspects of the count-mass distinction" --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2 --- Semantic account of the count-mass distinction --- p.17 / Chapter 2.3 --- Syntactic account of the count-mass distinction --- p.19 / Chapter 2.4 --- Acquisition of the count-mass distinction --- p.23 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Semantic account of the acquisition of the count-mass distinction --- p.23 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Syntactic account of the acquisition of the count-mass distinction --- p.26 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Excursion into the syntactic account of the acquisition of the count-mass distinction --- p.31 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- Interpretation of bare nouns and classifiers in Chinese and review of the acquisition of Chinese classifiers --- p.39 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2 --- Interpretation of bare nouns in Chinese --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Bare nouns in Chinese are unspecified in number and individuation --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Arguments against a lexically-based count-mass distinction in Chinese nouns --- p.43 / Chapter 3.3 --- Dimensions of classifiers --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Taxonomy of classifiers --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Quantification function of classifiers: classifiers as units of measures --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Individuation function of classifiers: a distinction between individuating classifiers and non-individuating classifiers --- p.54 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Classification function of classifiers --- p.58 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- "Relation between the quantification, individuation and classification functions of classifiers" --- p.60 / Chapter 3.4 --- Arguments against Cheng and Sybesma´ةs (1998,1999,2005) account of the count- mass distinction in Chinese --- p.62 / Chapter 3.5 --- Review of the acquisition of Chinese classifiers --- p.68 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Preponderant use of the general classifier ge: early acquisition of the quantification function of classifiers --- p.69 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Delayed mastery of specific classifiers --- p.70 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Acquisition order of individual classifiers and non-individual classifiers --- p.73 / Chapter 3.5.4 --- Experiments on children´ةs sensitivity to the distinction between count classifiers and mass classifiers --- p.75 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR --- Experiments on the acquisition of individual classifiers and container classifiers --- p.86 / Chapter 4.0 --- Setting the stage --- p.86 / Chapter 4.1 --- General introduction of research questions and experimental design --- p.88 / Chapter 4.2 --- Experiment 1: Acquisition of individual classifiers and bare nouns --- p.95 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- "Subjects, Material and test items" --- p.95 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Procedures --- p.101 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Findings in Experiment 1 --- p.105 / Chapter 4.2.3.1 --- Interpretation of number and quantification function of classifiers in the individual classifier and the bare noun contexts --- p.105 / Chapter 4.2.3.2 --- Interpretation of partial object situations in the individual classifier and the bare noun contexts --- p.109 / Chapter 4.3 --- Experiment 2: Acquisition of container classifiers --- p.116 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Method --- p.117 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Findings in Experiment 2 --- p.124 / Chapter 4.3.2.1 --- Interpretation of the quantification function of container classifiers --- p.124 / Chapter 4.3.2.2 --- Interpretation of noun denotation in the container classifier context --- p.127 / Chapter 4.4 --- Experiment 3: Acquisition the general classifier ge paired with substance situations --- p.131 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Method --- p.132 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Findings in Experiment 3 --- p.134 / Chapter 4.5 --- Summary of the findings in Experiment 1,Experiment 2 and Experiment 3 --- p.139 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE --- General discussion --- p.144 / Chapter 5.1 --- Count-mass distinction in Chinese revisited --- p.145 / Chapter 5.2 --- Quantification and individuation in the acquisition of noun denotations --- p.150 / Chapter 5.3 --- Further research --- p.155 / References --- p.157 / Appendix 1 List of test sentences used in Experiment 1 --- p.167 / Appendix 2 List of test sentences used in Experiment 2 --- p.170 / Appendix 3 List of test sentences used in Experiment 3 --- p.172 / Appendix 4 Pictures of whole and partial objects paired with individual classifiers and bare nouns in Experiment 1 --- p.173 / Appendix 5 Pictures of whole and partial objects and substances paired with container classifiers used in Experiment 2 --- p.174 / Appendix 6 Picture of substance situations with or without a container paired with the general classifier ge in Experiment 3 --- p.175
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Jmenné derivační sufixy ve slovanštině a latině / Nominal derivative suffixes in Slavic and LatinPernicová, Jana January 2012 (has links)
The present thesis treats one of the word-formative processes, derivation, in two Indo-European languages, Latin and Slavic. It focuses on the description and comparison of nominal (substantive) derivative suffixes and whole word-formative types that in these languages correspond to each other. The main focus of the thesis is to make a classification of these parallels from a functional point of view and to describe particular word-formative types from a scope of the onomasiologic categories. Since Latin and Slavic do not display similar parallels regarding other language levels, the considerable similarity of the derivative suffixes (and whole word-formative types) is a noticable phenomenon. One of its possible explanations is the fact that both languages have retained the original Indo-European word structure. Therefore this thesis uses as a base the Latin language as the older one which is thus formally and functionally more likely closer to the original (Indo-European) forms than Slavic, and traces particular suffixes (word-formative types) throughout their developement and attempts to reveal their formal and semantic shifts.
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O sintagma nominal do caboverdiano: uma investigação semântica / Noun phrase of the Cape Verdean language: a semantic investigationWania Miranda 28 June 2013 (has links)
A presente dissertação realiza uma investigação semântica do sintagma nominal (NP) do caboverdiano, língua falada no arquipélago de Cabo Verde, localizado na costa ocidental africana. As análises concentram-se na variedade de Santiago, ilha em que está localizada a capital do país, a cidade de Praia. Os nomes no caboverdiano, em geral, não são acompanhados de determinante e podem ser interpretados tanto como definidos quanto indefinidos. A utilização de un / uns está, em geral, associada a introdução de novos referentes, seu uso, contudo, não é frequente. Existe, ainda, a partícula kel/kes que parece veicular, entre outras coisas, definitude. Tal emprego, todavia, tampouco se dá frequentemente. O estatuto de kel, em caboverdiano, causa algumas divergências entre os pesquisadores da língua. Alguns autores advogam que ele desempenha, por vezes, o papel de artigo definido (ver, entre outros, (Alexandre and Soares, 2004), (Baptista, 2007), (Quint, 2000)). Discutiremos alguns dos trabalhos que versam sobre o sintagma nominal em caboverdiano, apresentando argumentos que corroboram ou não essa hipótese. A bem da verdade, a maioria das descrições sobre o caboverdiano não manifesta acordo quanto à existência ou não de artigo definido nessa língua. Os que afirmam sua existência parecem, muitas vezes, apresentar análises da língua centradas na descrição e análise do português, principalmente do português europeu. Diante dessa perspectiva, diversos fenômenos idiossincráticos do caboverdiano podem passar despercebidos, como no caso de uma possível contribuição ilocucional do operador uma, outro modificador do sintagma nominal. Este trabalho procura realizar uma análise do caboverdiano centrada nos fatos da própria língua, investigando as diferentes estratégias de interpretação dos nomes, bem como o papel dos elementos que compõem o sintagma nominal. / This dissertation conducts an investigation of the semantic of the noun phrase (NP) Cape Verdean language, spoken in the Cape Verde, archipelago located on the West African coast. The analysis focuses on the Santiago variety. The nouns in the Cape Verdean are generally determinerless and can be interpreted both as definite and indefinite. The introduction of new referents is generally associated with the use of un/uns, its use however is not frequent. There are also the particle kel/kes it seems vehicle, among other things, definiteness. Such employement, however, nor is often gives. The status of kel in Cape Verdean, cause some disagreement among of the language researchers. Some scholars advocate that kel may assume, sometimes, the role of a definite article (see among others (Alexandre and Soares, 2004), (Baptista, 2007), (Quint, 2000)). I will discuss several works which deal with noun phrase in Cape Verdean, revealing arguments which confirm whether or not this hypothesis. In fact, most of the Cape Verdean descriptions not show agreement on the definite article presence or absence in that language. Those who claim its existence often seem to present analysis of the Cape Verdean centered on the description and analysis of the Portuguese, especially European Portuguese. With that prospect, severals idiosyncratic phenomena of the Cape Verde may go unnotice, as in the case of a possible illocutionary contribution of the uma operator, another noun phrase modifier. This work attempt examine of the an Cape Verdean analyse focused on the language facts theirselves, investigating different strategies for nouns interpretation, as well as the elements role on the noun phrase.
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Descrição e análise morfossintática do nome e do verbo em Pykobjê-Gavião (Timbira) / Description and morphosyntactic analysis of noun and verb classes in Pykobjê-Gavião (Timbira)Talita Rodrigues da Silva 24 October 2011 (has links)
No presente estudo descrevemos e analisamos, sob o viés morfossintático, as partes do discurso que se diferenciam no dialeto Timbira conhecido como Pykobjê- Gavião (Tronco Macro-Jê, Família Jê). Através de uma abordagem tipológicofuncionalista, discutimos (i) aspectos de tipologia e ordem de palavras, (ii) distinção entre as duas classes de palavras mais comuns no rol das línguas naturais do mundo, isto é, nome e verbo e (iii) demais classes de palavras observáveis nessa variante linguística, na medida em que se relacionam a nome e verbo. Veremos que os nomes funcionam em Pykobjê-Gavião, basicamente, como núcleo de argumento; ao passo que o verbo, que é mais fomentador de relações, tem como principal atribuição dentro da frase atuar como núcleo de predicado. Os verbos se dividem, por sua vez, em verbos intransitivos simples (único argumento: Sa, So ou Sio) ou intransitivos estendidos e verbos transitivos simples (dois argumentos: A e P) ou transitivos estendidos. Para fundamentar a análise utilizaremos, principalmente, Comrie (1985), Dik (1997), Dryer (1999), Givón (1997, 2001), Payne (1997) e Schachter (2007). / In this thesis, we have described and analyzed, under the bias morphosyntactic, the parts-of-speech systems we could differ in one Timbiras dialect, known as Pykobjê- Gavião (Macro-Jê Branch, Jê Family). Via a functional-typological approach, we have discussed (i) some aspects about language typology and word order correlations, (ii) some distinctions between noun and verb classes, i.e., the most usual word classes among all natural languages and (iii) some others word classes we could observe in this dialect to extent that they are related to noun and verb. We will see that the names work in Pykobjê-Gavião basically as the core of the argument, whereas the verb, which is high promoter relations, within the clause acts mainly as the core of the predicate. Verbs can be divided for analysis into intransitive verbs (single argument: Sa, So or Sio) or extended intransitive verbs and transitive verbs (two arguments: A and P) or extended transitive verbs. To support our analysis we will use, mainly, Comrie (1985), Dik (1997), Dryer (1999), Givón (1997, 2001), Payne (1997) e Schachter (2007).
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Case and syntactic geometryNoonan, Máire B. January 1992 (has links)
No description available.
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