Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2008. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Bakgrund: Det är brist på studier av vårdgivarnas behov i södra Asien. Studien kommer förhoppningsvis att leda till bättre vård för personer med funktionshinder och arbetsmiljö för vårdgivarna. Syfte: Beskriva vårdgivares erfarenheter i vård av funktionshindrade. Metoder: Semi-strukturerade bandade intervjuer genomfördes med vårdgivare. Vårdgivare definierades som vem som helst över arton år på alla utbildningsnivåer med erfarenhet av vård av funktionshindrade. Intervjuerna genomfördes i två boenden, ett sjukhus och ett rehabiliteringscenter i Katmandu. Den engelska data transkriberades i verbatim och analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: De upptäckta kategorierna var dagliga livet, långsiktiga förändringar, organisation och uppfattning. Slutsatser: Tillgång till utbildning, rehabilitering, sysselsättning och kollektivtrafik behövs. Ökad tillgång till hjälpmedel är också efterfrågad. En samhällsförändring med förbättrad kunskap om funktionshinder, ökad acceptans och strukturer för att undvika inkomstförlust.Nyckelord: Nepal, omvårdnadsbehov, personer med funktionshinder, vårdgivare / Background: There is a lack of studies made on the needs of caregivers of persons with disabilities in south asia. The study will hopefully lead to better care for persons with disabilities and work environment for the caregivers. Aim: The aim was to describe the experiences from caregivers about caring for people with disabilities. Methods: Semi-structured taped interviews were conducted with caregivers. Eight caregivers were interviewed, one was a physiotherapist, three were employed caregivers and four were relatives. Six interviews were in nepali with a translator and two in english. Caregivers were defined as anyone above eighteen years at any level of education with experience of providing care for persons with disabilities. The interviews were conducted in two shelters, one hospitals and one rehabilitation centre in Kathmandu. The english data was transcribed in verbatim and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The discovered subcategories were daily life, organization, long term life changes and perceptions. Conclusions: Accessibility to education, rehabilitation, employment and public transport is needed. Increased access to assistive devices is also requested. A societal change with improved knowledge about disabilities, increased acceptance and structures to avoid a loss of income. Key terms: caregiver, Nepal, nursing needs, persons with disabilities

Background: Mental illness among the current refugees is a global problem. With more than 34 million refugee children or adolescents leaving everything behind to survive or find a better life. Several of these young refugees are forced to endure traumatic experiences of the war, the loss of loved ones, from escaping and the uncertainty of the asylum process. To increase the understanding of nursing needs for these young people, it is important that health care professionals can be aware and provided help with better cultural awareness.  Purpose: To describe the mental illness and nursing needs of refugee children and adolescents.Method: A literature overview with descriptive design has been conducted, 10 articles based on qualitative analysis were included. The articles were reviewed and analyzed with keywords that are presented into themes. Result: Findings show that these young refugees are suffering from different forms of mental illness. The result has been gathered into 6 categories: “stigmatization”, “fear, worrying and uncertainty”, “positive factors on mental health”, “emotional factors and trauma” and “psychosomatic symptoms”. Conclusion: Mental illness is common among refugee children and make them vulnerable in society. Various mental disorders such as PTSD, depression and anxiety is frequently described by refugee children and adolescents. Negative views and perception on mental illness from society and themselves forces these young refugees to be in denial about their mental health and not accept the help they need. If the health professionals had better transcultural awareness and a broader understanding of the unmet needs of these young refugees, a greater probability of being able to give the right help follows.  Keywords: refugee children and adolescents, mental illness, nursing needs.

Bakgrund. Det genomförs ca 130 000 transplantationer världen över årligen, många av dem kan vara livsavgörande för att patienter med kronisk eller akut organsvikt ska kunna fortsätta leva. Forskning har visat att det finns en osäkerhet hos vårdpersonal att jobba med organtransplanterade, men också att osäkerheten går att minska med utbildning och kunskap. Syfte. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa omvårdnadsbehovet hos organtransplanterade utifrån ett patientperspektiv. Metod. Litteraturstudien utfördes som en integrerad sammanställning av kvalitativ forskning med inspiration av metasyntes enligt Friberg. I en integrerad sammanställning samlas tidigare framtagen forskning enligt ett syfte och analyseras för att framställa nya resultat. I denna litteraturstudie har 12 artiklar analyserats. Resultat. Efter analysen framkom tio subteman som grupperades in i fyra huvudteman, Fysiologiska utmaningar, Psykiska kunskapsbehov, Stöd samt Vikten av kunskap för hjälpa.  Slutsats. För att vårda transplanterade patienter och bemöta deras omfattande omvårdnadsbehov behöver sjuksköterskan besitta kunskap och vara förberedd. Att främja självständigheten för patienterna är av stor vikt dels då detta är något patienterna eftersträvar, dels då egenvården ställer stort krav på patienterna själva. / Background. About 130 000 transplantations are performed each year the world over, many of them vital for patients with chronic or acute organ failure to be able to keep on living. Research has shown that health care staff are uncertain about working with organ transplant recipients, but also that this uncertainty can be reduced by education and knowledge.  Aim. The aim of this literature review was to illustrate the nursing needs of organ transplant recipients from a patient perspective. Method. The literature review was carried out as an integrated compilation of qualitative research inspired by meta synthesis according to Friberg. In an integrated compilation earlier research is gathered according to an aim and analyzed to produce new results. In this literature review 12 articles have been analyzed.  Results. After the analysis ten sub themes emerged that were grouped into four main themes: Physiological challenges, Psychological knowledge needs, Support and also The importance of knowledge to help.  Conclusion. To care for transplant recipients and treat their extensive nursing needs the nurse needs to be knowledgeable and be prepared. To foster independence for the patients is of great value both because this is something the patients strive for and also because the selfcare requires a lot from the patients themselves.

Bakgrund: Missfall räknas som den vanligaste graviditetskomplikationen. Kvinnors omvårdnadsbehov efter missfall består av både fysiska och psykiska aspekter. Känslor av skuld, förlust, tomhet och sorg uppkom och ofta kvarstod känslorna under en längre tid. Kvinnorna som fått missfall upplevde ofta att deras omvårdnadsbehov inte tillgodosetts adekvat. Sjuksköterskans kompetensområde innefattar tillgodoseende av både fysiska och psykiska omvårdnadsbehov. Syfte: Att beskriva kvinnors erfarenheter och omvårdnadsbehov vid missfall. Metod: En litteraturöversikt baserad på elva vetenskapliga artiklar som granskats med hjälp av innehållsanalys. Resultat: Resultatet av denna litteraturöversikt visar att erfarenheten av att genomgå ett missfall påverkar kvinnan psykiskt, fysiskt och socialt. Resultatet indelades i två huvudteman; Känslomässiga erfarenheter vid missfall och Vårderfarenheter vid missfall, med tre underkategorier; Behov av bekräftande bemötande, Behov av stöd och Behov av information. Diskussion: Diskussionen behandlade bland annat hur en god vård skall kunna uppnås genom exempelvis empatiskt bemötande, förståelse för sorg och skuld samt information. Vidare fördes diskussion kring hur den teoretiska modellen för bekräftande omvårdnad, SAUK, kan användas för att skapa en optimal omvårdnad efter missfall. Målet med att använda SAUK-modellen är att kvinnan ska kunna bearbeta missfallet och låta den händelsen bli en del av hennes liv. / Background: Miscarriage is counted as the most common pregnancy complication. Women's nursing needs after miscarriage consists of both physical and mental aspects. Feelings of guilt, loss, emptiness and grief arose and the feelings often persisted for a long time. The women who miscarried often experienced that their nursing needs were not met adequately. The nurse's competence includes satisfying of both physical and psychological nursing needs. Aim: To describe women's experiences and needs of care after miscarriage. Methods: A literature study based on eleven scientific papers, which have been examined using a content analysis. Results: The result of this study shows that the experience of undergoing an abortion affects women psychologically, physically and socially. The results were divided into two main themes; Emotional experiences of miscarriage and Care experiences of miscarriage, with three sub-categories; Need of confirming nursing, Need of support and Need of information. Discussions: The discussion dealt with matters such as how good care is to be achieved through for example empathetic attitude, understanding of grief and guilt, and information. Further discussion of how the theoretical model for confirming nursing, SAUK, can be used to create optimal nursing after miscarriage. The goal of using the SAUK-model is to enable the woman to process the miscarriage and allow the incident to become part of her life.

The topic of the study is to asses the larynx cancer patients needs from the viewpoint of the patient, his or her family and nursing personnel, using quantitative and qualitative research methodology. The significance of the reseaarch. The needs and difficulties of larynx patients are very significant in clinical practice. It is important to evaluate if the nursing needs are equally and adequately understood by the patient, family and the nursing personnel. It is a common practice to use the worldly acknowledged instruments. The use of the quantative method in the research improves the quality of the research and allows to deepen the understanding of the needs of the patient. The hypothesis of the research. The needs of the larynx cancer patient can be disclosed using the adapted version of Needs Evaluation Questionnaire and by disclosing the attitude of the family, nursing personnel towards the needs of the patient by means of quantitative research. The aim of the study is to determine the larynx patient needs by using Needs Evaluation Questionnaire and to assess the attitude of the family and the nursing by means of quantitative research. The goals: 1. Determine the suitability and reliability of the Needs Evaluation Questionnaire by evalutaing the needs of the larynx patients. 2. Determine the attitude of the family towards the needs of the patient by using partially structured interview. 3. Determine the attitude of the nursing personnel towards the needs of the... [to full text]

Tyrimo tikslas: ištirti viršutinių galūnių lūžius patyrusių pagyvenusio amžiaus pacientų gyvenimo kokybę ir jos pokyčius ambulatorinio gydymo metu. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti viršutinių galūnių lūžius patyrusių pagyvenusio amžiaus pacientų pagrindinius slaugos poreikius ir jų kaitą vieno mėnesio laikotarpiu nuo patirtos traumos. 2. Ištirti viršutinių galūnių lūžius patyrusių pagyvenusio amžiaus pacientų gyvenimo kokybę ir jos kaitą vieno mėnesio laikotarpiu nuo patirtos traumos. 3. Nustatyti veiksnius, turinčius įtakos viršutinių galūnių lūžius patyrusių pagyvenusio amžiaus pacientų gyvenimo kokybei. Tyrimo kontingentas ir metodai. Tyrime dalyvavo 112 viršutinių galūnių lūžius patyrusių pagyvenusio amžiaus pacientų, gydytų ambulatoriškai VšĮ Kauno Klinikinės ligoninės priėmimo – skubios pagalbos ir traumų skyriuje – poliklinikoje 2013m. rugsėjo mėn. – 2014m. vasario mėn. Buvo atlikta anoniminė anketinė apklausa, kurią sudarė sociodemografiniai duomenys, slaugos poreikių klausimynas pagal gyvybines veiklas bei SF – 36 gyvenimo kokybės klausimynas, traumos dieną ir praėjus mėnesiui po jos. Tyrimui atlikti 2013-10-01 gautas Lietuvos Sveikatos Mokslų Universiteto Bioetikos centro leidimas (BEC – KS (M) – 16). Rezultatai: Po mėnesio nuo viršutinių galūnių lūžių pagyvenusio amžiaus asmenų savarankiškumas gamintis maistą, klotis lovą, valgyti, vartytis, prakaitavimas, karščiavimas, judėjimą ribojantis skausmas, sumažėjęs fizinis aktyvumas, nuskausminamųjų vartojimas, nemiga... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Research aim: to research the quality of life and its changes of the elderly patients with upper limb fractures during out-patient treatment. Research goals 1. To identify the main nursing needs and their changes for the elderly patients with upper limb fracture in a month since incurred trauma. 2. To research the quality of life and its changes of the elderly patients with upper limb fractures in a month since incurred trauma. 3. To determine factors influencing the quality of life of the elderly patients with upper limb fractures. Research contingent and methods. There were 112 elderly patients with upper limb fractures on out-patient treatment in the reception – emergency and trauma department at VŠĮ ( public institution) Kaunas Clinical hospital participating in the research from September 2013 to February 2014. An anonymous questionnaire was conducted, including sociodemographic data, questionnaire on nursing needs according to vital activities and SF-36 health related quality of life questionnaire on the trauma day and in a month it incurred. A permission (BEC-KS(M)-16) of 01-10-2013 to conduct a research was given by the center of Bioethics at Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Results: In a month since the elderly patients incurred upper limb fractures, their independence to prepare meals, make the bed, eat, turn over, perspiration, fever, pain restricting movements, taking anesthetics, insomnia, need of other persons help in order to comb, take a bath, change... [to full text]

Previous research show that there is a knowledge cap in investigations on how social workers are supposed to interpret the nursing needs for children, in which the parent who has custody of the child is responsible for. The same knowledge cap is shown in how ”child's best” is supposed to be interpreted by social workers and be a red thread in the investigations. Which also leads to help interventions being given to children when the parent does not fulfill the nursing needs of the child, which is always not clear. Therefore the purpose of the study was to understand how social services interpret the nursing needs and shed light on how social workers interpret the ”child’s best” and how they work with children when the parents do not fulfill the nursing needs. Therefore in this study 8 interviews have been executed with social workers from different county’s around Sweden. The result shows that the interpretation of nursing needs for children is interpreted by the working model BBIC and that children should feel safe and not be at risk of getting hurt. The ”child’s best” means from the perspective of social workers shows that what is best for the child is to stay with the biological parents and that they are stable and emotionally available. The social workers work with children through family therapy, since focus is on helping the whole family. Help interventions are rarely only given to children alone, unless the child is over 15 years of age.

The present master thesis titled "The role of nursing staff in mobilisation of immobile patients and possibilities of physiotherapy" is focused on the quality of providing movement support on the Ist clinical department ofinternal medicine in the local hospital of the town of Most. The thesis is divided into two parts-theoretical and empirical one. In the theoretical part I focus on the role od physiotherapy from the point of view of providing the high-quality integrated nursing care. In this part of thesis I introduce the issues of patients' needs, movement support as an improvement of patient's quality of life and legislative competences of nursing staff related to physiotherapeutical care and self-reliance training based on the respective bibliographical sources. Further I also focus on the consequenses of immobility and the aspects of life quality, which is very intensively linked to patient's movement compentences.Final chapter of the theoretical part describes the principles of kistestetics and its implementation in movement support. The empirical part is formed of a research and its results interpretation.There I introduce the methodology of qualitative research and further I describe the proper reasearch itself , which was carried out among registered nurses on the I st clinical department...

Pasaulio sveikatos organizacijos duomenimis, širdies ir kraujagyslių ligos yra dažniausia neįgalumo ir ankstyvos mirties priežastis pasaulyje. Modifikuojant rizikos faktorius galima sumažinti klinikinių atvejų bei ankstyvų mirčių skaičių. Prevenciją būtina taikyti žmonėms, kuriems jau diagnozuota koronarinė širdies liga, ir žmonėms, kuriems nustatyta širdies ir kraujagyslių ligų rizika. Darbo tikslas: Koronarine širdies liga persirgusių pacientų sveikatos priežiūros ir slaugos poreikių tyrimas. Darbo uždaviniai: Įvertinti rizikos veiksnius, veikiančius koronarine širdies liga sergančius pacientus, ir nustatyti pacientų žinias apie rizikos veiksnių modifikavimo būtinumą; Ištirti koronarine širdies liga sergančių pacientų biopsichoemocinę būklę; Išanalizuoti koronarine širdies liga sergančių pacientų fizinį aktyvumą; Ištirti pacientų gyvenimo kokybę, susijusią su sveikatos būkle; Pasiūlyti galimus slaugytojo darbo su pacientais metodus, siekiant įgyvendinti širdies ir kraujagyslių ligų susirgimų prevenciją. Medžiaga ir metodika: Tyrimo objektas – koronarine širdies liga sergančių pacientų žinios, sveikatos priežiūros ir slaugos poreikiai. Tyrimo populiacija - 100 pacientų, sergančių koronarine širdies liga. Tyrimo metodas – koronarine širdies liga sergančių pacientų apklausa (interviu) panaudojant standartizuotus klausimynus, ligos istorijų analizė, fizinių paciento duomenų matavimai. Panaudoti klausimynai: Klausimynas, parengtas Europos kardiologų draugijos, skirtas ES šalių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Following the information by the World Health Organization (WHO) CHD is the leading cause of disability and early death all over the world. Modification of risk factors may reduce the number of clinical records and early deaths. Prevention measures need to be taken for individuals with already diagnosed CHD as well as those with risk factors for CHD. Thesis objective: Investigation of healthcare and nursing needs of patients after CHD. Thesis tasks: Assessment of risk factors affecting patients suffering from CHD and knowledge possessed by patients suffering from CHD about the need for modification of the risk factors; Examination of biopsychoemotional condition of patients suffering from CHD; Analysis of physical activity of patients suffering from CHD; Examination of health condition–related quality of life of patients suffering from CHD; Suggesting possible methods of nursing staff working with the patients aiming at CHD prevention. Material and methodology: Investigation target: Knowledge possessed by patients suffering from CHD; healthcare and nursing needs. Investigation method: interviewed patients suffering from CHD through applying standardized questionnaires; analysis of case records, measurements of physical data of patients. Questionnaires used: Questionnaire developed by the European Society of Cardiology, aimed to assess the level of knowledge on prophylaxis of CHD EU-wide; HADS Questionnaire – Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale; EUROQOL 5D Questionnaire... [to full text]