With the development of online shopping, the number of third-party online payment systems increases. Alipay is a commonly used third-party online payment system among Chinese consumers. The purpose of this study was to explore the factors that affect the users’ acceptance of Alipay among Chinese B2C customers. This study adopts a deductive, theory testing approach. Based on the model of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), a research model and hypotheses were proposed. A survey study was performed with a quota sample of 300 Chinese online shopping consumers. Based on the responses, the hypotheses were tested through statistical analysis. Through testing the hypotheses, it was concluded that: “Social Influence”, “Effort expectancy” were the factors that most prominently could affect B2C user’s acceptance of Alipay. Hence, third-party online systems suppliers should focus on social marketing and increasing the ease of use of the systems to increase user acceptance. Other similar third-party online payment company could take those identified factors as reference in further user acceptance study, and the proposed research model in this study could also help in improving understanding of user acceptance in similar third-part online payment system.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper to fill the research gap of lack ofcross-country studies in Germany, Hungary and Sweden in thecontext of online and mobile payment adaption and usage. Research Questions: The authors of this study aim at answering the followingquestion: What are the main similarities and differences in onlineand mobile payment acceptance in Germany, Hungary andSweden in the age group of 18-35?Theoretical Framework:The theoretical framework presents prevalent theories aboutfactors which are connected to online and mobilepayment. In addition, the Technical Acceptance Model wasused as a base for the conceptual framework developed by theauthors.Methodology: This study includes both qualitative and quantitative primarydata. The conducted survey resulted in 1016 answers; out of these869 answers were eligible. In addition, 150 companies wereasked and 30 qualitative interviews (10 per each country) wereconducted.Analysis: The analysis aimed at investigating how the acceptance of theusage of online and mobile payment differs among Germany,Hungary Sweden. Thereby, the following factors wereinvestigated: (1) perceived ease of use, (2) perceived usefulness,(3) perceived security, (4) perceived risk, (5) social influence, (6)information asymmetry and (7) intention to use. Conclusion: The findings of this cross-country study showed that Germany,Hungary and Sweden show a relatively similar level ofacceptance in online payment. In contrast, the acceptance in thecontext of mobile payment differed greatly. Whereas Swedenshowed a high level of acceptance, Germany and Hungaryshowed a relatively moderate level of acceptance.

The Kano model is a technique for a better understanding of the customers’ requirements, thus increasing the customers’ satisfaction. The process of identifying the customers’ requirements and increasing the customers’ satisfaction, by improving the offerings, is costly for the companies. In order not to waste resources, companies should firstly identify who their target audience is, through a market research. When companies understand who their target audience is, they are able to identify their requirements, in order to try to meet them, and increase customers’ satisfaction. The process of segmentation and targeting, helps companies to save time, money and effort, since the messages are directly delivered to those who are their target audience, and are really interested. Moreover, the companies using the focus groups and in-depth interviews can collect target audience’ requirements, in order to later on meet those requirements and increase the customers’ satisfaction. Furthermore, the findings revealed that for the companies in the online payment industry it is crucial to have a good reputation and be trustworthy.

An online payment system allows a customer to make a payment to an online merchant or a service provider. Payment gateways, a channel between customers and payment processors, use various security tools to secure a customer’s payment information, usually debit or credit card information, during an online payment. However, the security provided by a payment gateway cannot completely protect a customer’s payment information when a merchant also has the ability to obtain the payment information in some form. Furthermore, not all merchants provide a secure payment environment to their customers and, despite having a standard payment policy, adhere to it. Consequently, this exposes a customer’s payment information to risks of being compromised or misused by merchants or stolen by hackers and spammers. In this thesis we propose a new approach to payment systems in which a customer’s payment information cannot be obtained by a merchant. A customer sends his payment information directly to a payment gateway and a payment gateway, upon verifying the transaction, sends a payment to the appropriate merchant. We use the Pedersen commitment scheme along with dual signatures to securely transfer funds to a merchant and protect a customer’s payment information from any Internet vulnerabilities.

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to identify the factors of adoption within alternative e-payments methods, and gain a deeper understanding of the reasons to why these factors affect the consumer’s adoption. This will be conducted through empirical research, as well as looking into previous theory in order to propose a research framework that is appropriately adapted to the specific phenomenon of alternative e-payments.   Problem: The substantial growth of e-commerce, and the limitations within conventional card payment has paved way for the development of new and innovative alternative e-payment methods. Past research point towards that, there are gaps in literature, where there is a lack of qualitative studies within the field. Furthermore, Sweden is one of the nations with the highest level of innovativeness, as well as e-commerce usage making it an appropriate market to analyze.   Method and Methodology: By applying an intepretevism paradigm, this research views knowledge from a subjective viewpoint. The primary data is collected through a qualitative approach, using one-to-one semi structured interviews, in order to obtain deeper a response. The gathered data is later on analyzed and compared with the previous research within the field.   Findings: The findings of this thesis identifies the factors of adoption within alternative e-payments and why they have an affect. Certain factors seemed to be of greater importance than others, and many of the factors held similarities showing their interdependent nature. Furthermore, new factors were identified as well as the factors being highly context specific, identifying gaps that should be addressed in future research.

The development of e-commerce relies upon consumer usage intentions, and Information Systems (IS) researchers have examined usage intentions toward various online e-commerce systems. However, these systems have been studied in prior works independently rather than comprehensively. In order to pursue better measures for predicting and explaining Business to Customer (B2C) e-finance and some other major e-commerce adoptions for consumers, a comparison analysis across three different online systems (online shopping, online banking and online payment) was conducted to advance the understanding of the adoption factors and their linkage to consumer behavior. Refining from Perceived Risk Theory and existing studies, specific risk facets, consumer characteristics and system characteristics were operationalized and integrated within the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) resulting in a proposed e-finance and other e-commerce system adoption model. A survey instrument was developed based on exploratory qualitative inquiry and quantitative assessment and was used to assess the influence of different risk and utility facets on the attitude towards e-commerce adoption. Results of this empirical study showed that the relationships between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and intention of use were positively and significant towards all three online systems, while perceived risk had a negative impact on the adoption of online shopping and online payment only, which could result from the relative high risk perception towards the two systems. The results provide support of extended TAM model which integrates perceived risk and additional system-specific features and user-specific demographic factors in predicting a consumer's intention of adoption of online systems. Implications for both the academic and practitioner communities were discussed.

The growing e-commerce market has fundamentally changed the consumption behaviors among swedes, and it is more popular than ever for people to carry out their everyday transactions online. These new shopping opportunities place different demands on the consumer compared to traditional shopping, and the consumer behavior has come to include more analysis regarding risk and security especially when it comes to the final payment step. This study therefore aims to create an understanding of consumers' experience of the importance of payment methods during the online buying process. To execute this aqualitative approach was used where the data collection has been carried out through method triangulation, in the form of a combination of observations together with semi-structured interviews. A total of 10 purchase interviews were made with respondents aged 26 - 59, where the participants fictitiously made an optional product purchase online, which they simultaneously verbally described through sharing their thoughts and motivations for their actions in the process. The observations were complemented with interviews to confirm the buying process but also to achieve an in-depth understanding of their behavior.  Results show that most of the respondents generally value the benefits that different payment methods provide when buying online, because it facilitates smooth and secure online transactions. Half of the participants prefer to pay directly for online purchases, while the other half prefer to pay after the product has been delivered, but it varies in what way these preferences affect their behavior during the buying process. Most of the respondents appear to place less emphasis on specific payment options during the buying process and devote more focus to other factors. It is shown that only three out of ten respondents value the payment method (invoice via Klarna) as a significant factor in their buying process in a way that they experience this influencing their choice of website. Part of the conclusion is that the result shows tendencies that the importance of payment methods in the online buying process varies with the type of purchase situation the payment takes place in, related to the consumer's perceived uncertainty about the purchase.

When entering the age of information technology, cash payments were slowly been replaced by other methods including credit cards and online payment applications. On one hand, it brings convenience, on the other hand, people potentially spend more money than before. Previous researchers suggest multiple ways to reduce the overspending behavior on credit card payments, but rarely have these methods been tested in an online payment solution context. This study adopted these methods and categorized them into two groups, visual cues, and financial management mechanics. These two groups of the solution then been translated and develop into three practical prototypes, two of each and one prototype having two groups combined. All prototypes are developed based on a commonly used online payment application named Swish in Sweden. These prototypes are later been tested by ten participants. The results show both groups of solutions have a positive influence to reduce users’ overspending behavior and having them combined provides further complement effects. The study provides empirical data and practical design implications in addressing the overspending issue of an online payment solution.

Denna studie syftar till att utveckla kunskapen kring de hot som finns på internet, samt att förstå privatpersoners säkerhetsmedvetande vid internettransaktioner. För att uppfylla detta syfte besvarar studien följande tre frågor: hur hanteras privatpersoners kreditkort på internet? hur ser privatpersoners säkerhetsmedvetande ut? och vad gör e-handelsföretag för att skydda privatpersoners data och kreditupplysningar? Datainsamlingen har genomförts med hjälp av en enkätundersökning, två telefonintervjuer samt en litteraturstudie. Enkätundersökningen genomfördes digitalt och riktade sig till studenter på Högskolan Dalarna i åldersgruppen 18–42+. Telefonintervjuerna genomfördes med två dagligvaruhandlare som även bedriver e-handel och intervjuerna var semistrukturerade till sin karaktär. Litteraturstudien genomfördes i syfte att skapa en teoretisk bakgrund till ämnet, som sedan applicerades på resultatet i analysen. Resultatet av denna studie visar att de undersökta företagen som bedriver e-handel gör sitt främsta för att upprätthålla säkerhet gällande e-handel. Studien visar även att den undersökta målgruppen har ett starkt säkerhetsmedvetande.

Nos últimos anos, tem-se observado um aumento significativo no volume de transações financeiras realizadas pela Internet. Esse crescimento no volume financeiro, associado à fragilidade inerente à ausência de verificações básicas, possíveis somente em transações do mundo físico, tem atraído a atenção de pessoas com o objetivo de obter vantagens financeiras de forma ilícita. Devido aos prejuízos causados pelas fraudes, surgiram empresas de pagamento online com o objetivo de tornar as transações de compra e venda na Internet mais seguras. Essas empresas atuam como um intermediário das transações e assumem os riscos associados, mostrando-se ser esse um negócio de alto risco. Dado o alto volume de transações com as quais essas empresas precisam lidar, torna-se clara a necessidade de métodos computacionais para detecção de transações fraudulentas, visto que a utilização estrita de verificações manuais é inviável para lidar com tal volume de transações. Essa tarefa de análise e identificação de transações fraudulentas pode ser vista como um problema computacional de classificação, sendo então aplicáveis técnicas de classificação, aprendizado computacional e mineração de dados. Porém, dada a complexidade do problema, a aplicação de técnicas computacionais só é possível após um profundo entendimento do problema e a definição de uma modelagem eficiente associada a um processo consistente e abrangente, capaz de lidar com todas as etapas necessárias para a análise eficiente de uma transação. Face a isso, o presente trabalho propõe uma abordagem abrangente para tratar o problema da fraude nesse novo mercado de intermediação de pagamentos online utilizando como base um processo já muito bem estabelecido na indústria. Abordaremos mais especificamente uma das fases desse processo, que se refere justamente a utilização de ferramentas computacionais para a detecção das fraudes, e apresentaremos um sub-processo que envolve a utilização de várias ferramentas para o tratamento do ponto de vista computacional do problema de detecção de fraudes. Para a validação dos resultados da proposta, utilizaremos uma enorme quantidade de dados reais disponibilizados por uma grande empresa do setor de intermediação de pagamentos online que colaborou com nossa pesquisa. / In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the volume of electronic transactions in the Web. This growth in trading volume, associated with the risks caused by the absence of basic checks, possible only in transactions of the physical world, has attracted the attention of people with the intention of taking advantage to obtain illicit financial benefits. Due to the injuries caused by fraud, online payment service companies emerged, with the goal of making Web transactions safer. These companies act as an intermediary between buyers and sellers, assuming all the risks, and so it is clear that it is a high-risk business. Given the high volume of transactions with which these companies must deal, it is clear the need for computational methods for detecting fraudulent transactions, as the strict use of manual checks is infeasible to handle such a volume. The task of analysis and identification of fraudulent transactions can be seen as a classification problem, and so classification, data mining and machine learning techniques can be applied to it. However, given the complexity of the problem, the application of computational techniques is only possible after a thorough understanding of the problem and the definition of an efficient model, associated with a consistent and comprehensive process which would be able to handle all the steps needed to analyze a transaction in an efficient way. Given this scenario, this work proposes a comprehensive approach to address the problem of fraud in this new business of online payment intermediation, using as basis a process already established in the industry. We will discuss more specifically one of the phases of this process, which refers to the use of computational tools to detect frauds, and we will present a sub-process using several tools to deal with the problem from a computational point of view. To validate our results, we will use a huge amount of real data provided by an important company of the online payment industry, which cooperated with our research.