The oral sensory ability in children can be assessed through test of intraoral stereognosis and two-point discrimination. Currently, these two tests are not frequently used in clinical settings, and normative data are not always available. The aim of this study was to establish normative data for these two tests in children aged 5;6 to 7;0 years. Further, intention was to compare the results with respect to age and gender. In total 103 children participated, 49 boys and 54 girls. The participants were divided into three age-groups. The results regarding intraoral stereognosis showed significant differences between genders, where boys performed poorer than girls. Differences between two of the three age-groups could also be established. The results show that an improvement can be expected in children six years and older. Regarding two-point discrimination 73 of the 103 children performed perfectly. The remaining children’s scores were also consistently high. No differences between gender and age were found. There was no correlation between the test results of intraoral stereognosis and two-point discrimination. Therefore it would be necessary to perform both these tests in assessment, since they probably examine two separate aspects of the oral sensory ability. / Oral sensorisk förmåga hos barn kan bland annat utredas genom test av intraoral stereognosi och tvåpunktsdiskrimination. Dessa två test är i nuläget inte särskilt kliniskt utbredda, och normvärden saknas ofta. Föreliggande studie syftade till att fastställa normvärden för dessa två test hos barn mellan 5;6 och 7;0 år. Vidare jämfördes även testresultaten med avseende på åldersgrupp och kön. 103 barn deltog i studien, varav 49 var pojkar och 54 var flickor. Deltagarna delades in i tre åldersgrupper. Resultatet visade signifikanta könsskillnader på test av intraoral stereognosi, där pojkarnas resultat var något sämre än flickornas. Även skillnader mellan två av åldersgrupperna konstaterades gällande intraoral stereognosi. Resultatet visar att en förbättring på testet kan förväntas då barnen har fyllt sex år. Angående test av tvåpunktsdiskrimination klarade 73 av de 103 barnen testet felfritt, och överlag presterade barnen mycket bra på testet. Inga skillnader mellan kön eller åldersgrupper noterades beträffande test av tvåpunktsdiskrimination. Testresultaten av intraoral stereognosi och tvåpunktsdiskrimination korrelerade inte. Därför är det sannolikt nödvändigt att i utredning utföra båda testen, eftersom det kan röra sig om två olika aspekter av intraoral sensorik.

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Submitted by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2018-04-23T13:30:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Naíza ABRAHIM dissertação.pdf: 2379113 bytes, checksum: 03d17ed0d8926251d43bd117d3a16c14 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2018-04-23T13:32:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Naíza ABRAHIM dissertação.pdf: 2379113 bytes, checksum: 03d17ed0d8926251d43bd117d3a16c14 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-23T13:32:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Naíza ABRAHIM dissertação.pdf: 2379113 bytes, checksum: 03d17ed0d8926251d43bd117d3a16c14 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-19 / . / JUSTIFICATION: Oral cancer is considered worldwide as a major public health problem, more common in developing countries. The evolution can be insidious, and often diagnosed only in advanced stages with mutilating surgeries, associated or not with adjuvant treatment. As in other cancers, early diagnosis is a priority activity to perform less aggressive treatments and improving survival. An activity that can contribute to the early diagnosis of lesions with or without evident clinical repercussion is exfoliative cytology; technique is not yet implemented for the diagnosis of oral lesions in the Amazonas´s state. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the use of exfoliative cytology for the diagnosis of oral cavity and oropharyngeal lesions, prior to its surgical removal. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with an incisional or excisional biopsy of oral cavity lesions attended at the Dental North Specialty Center and the Oncology Control Center Foundation of the State of Amazonas, both in Manaus-AM, were selected. Before completing the biopsy, and after patient's consent, a form was filled out to obtain clinical data, followed by photodocumentation of the lesion and collection of cytological material for the preparation of conventional smears and in a liquid medium. These were fixed and then stained by the Papanicolaou technique. The results of the cytology techniques were compared with each other and with those obtained in the histopathological evaluation. RESULTS: The study sample was composed of 50 patients, 30 females and 20 males. In 70% of the cases, the lesions were histological interpreted as benign and 30% as malignant. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most prevalent lesions, with 15 cases, the benign lesions preferential site was lip and the malignant lesions were tongue, the profile´s patients diagnosed with malignancy was of male patients, smoker and alcohol use. When comparing the two methods of cytology we obtained 100% sensitivity, specificity 97%, accuracy 97%, Kappa 0.91. Regarding the accuracy of the cytological and histopathological diagnosis, sensitivity was 86.6%, specificity 100%, PPV 100%, NPV 94.5%, Kappa 0.958 and accuracy 96%. CONCLUSIONS Traditional and liquid based cytology methods were able to identify and classify cell changes with characteristics of malignancy and have high sensitivity and specificity, without significant differences between the two techniques tested. Cytology techniques have proven reproducible and, if well indicated, can be routinely used for the early detection of malignant lesions. / JUSTIFICATIVA: O câncer de boca é considerado em todo o mundo como um grave problema de saúde pública, sendo mais incidente em países em desenvolvimento. Sua evolução pode ser insidiosa, sendo na maioria das vezes diagnosticado apenas em estágios avançados, em que cirurgias mutiladoras são realizadas, associadas ou não a tratamento adjuvante. Como em outras neoplasias, a precocidade do diagnóstico é atividade prioritária para a realização de tratamentos menos agressivos e na melhoria da sobrevida. Uma atividade que pode contribuir para o diagnóstico precoce de lesões orais e de orofaringe, com ou sem repercussão clínica mais evidente, é a citologia esfoliativa, técnica ainda não implementada para avaliação das referidas lesões no Estado do Amazonas. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a eficácia do uso da citopatologia esfoliativa para diagnóstico de lesões de cavidade oral antes de sua remoção cirúrgica. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados pacientes com indicação de biópsia incisional ou excisional de lesões de cavidade oral e orofaringe, atendidos no Centro de Especialidade Odontológica Norte e na Fundação Centro de Controle de Oncologia do Estado do Amazonas, ambos em Manaus-AM. Antes da realização da biópsia, e após anuência do paciente, foi realizado preenchimento de formulário para obtenção de dados clínicos, seguido de fotodocumentação da lesão e de coleta de material citológico para confecção de esfregaços convencional e em meio líquido. Estes foram fixados e então corados pela técnica de Papanicolau. Os resultados das técnicas de citologia foram comparados entre si e com aqueles obtidos na avaliação histopatológica. RESULTADOS: A amostra foi constituída de 50 pacientes, na qual 30 eram do sexo feminino e 20 do sexo masculino. E em 70% dos casos a lesão foi interpretada à histopatologia como de natureza benigna e em 30%, como maligna. A localização preferencial das lesões benignas foi em lábio e das lesões malignas, em língua, sendo que destas, a mais prevalente foi o carcinoma escamocelular, com 15 casos. O perfil dos pacientes com diagnóstico de malignidade foi de pacientes do sexo masculino, tabagistas e etilistas. Quando os dois métodos de citologia foram comparados entre si foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: sensibilidade 100%, especificidade 97%, acurácia 97%, Kappa 0,91. Com relação à acuidade do diagnóstico citológico com o histopatológico, a sensibilidade foi de 86,6%, a especificidade de 100%, o VPP 100%, o VPN 94,5%, Kappa 0,958 e acurácia 96%. CONCLUSÕES: Os métodos de citologia tradicional e em meio líquido foi capaz de identificar e classificar as alterações celulares características de malignidade e possuem alta sensibilidade e especificidade, sem que houvesse diferenças significativas entre as duas técnicas testadas. As técnicas de citologia se mostraram reprodutíveis e se bem indicadas podem ser utilizadas rotineiramente para detecção precoce de lesões malignas.

As neoplasias orais representam a quarta neoplasia mais comum em cães. O diagnóstico por imagem das neoplasias orais é necessário para determinar a extensão do tumor e dos tecidos locais acometidos, auxiliando no prognóstico e planejamento cirúrgico. Atualmente o exame radiográfico é o método diagnóstico mais utilizado por ser mais acessível e menos oneroso, porém o grande número de estruturas no crânio e suas sobreposições dificultam adequada avaliação desta região. A tomografia computadorizada é um meio diagnóstico que elimina as sobreposições por realizar cortes seccionais da região examinada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o valor diagnóstico destes métodos nas formações orais de cães. Para tanto foram realizados, junto ao Serviço de Diagnóstico por Imagem do HOVET FMVZ-USP, exames radiográfico simples e tomográfico simples e contrastado de 31 animais da espécie canina atendidos no Laboratório de Odontologia Comparada do Departamento de Cirurgia da FMVZ-USP, que apresentavam aumento de volume em cavidade oral. Analisando-se os dados obtidos, observou-se que as neoplasias malignas corresponderam ao maior número de casos (85,2%), sendo o melanoma o tipo histopatológico mais freqüente (37,1%). Os machos foram discretamente mais acometidos que as fêmeas, e o maior número de casos foram representados por cães com raça definida, sendo o Poodle, o Cocker e o Pastor Alemão as raças mais observadas. A idade média dos animais foi de 9,97 anos. Os exames radiográfico e tomográfico do crânio verificaram comprometimento ósseo em 77,4% e 87,1% dos casos, respectivamente, sendo caracterizado especialmente pela osteólise. Outra importante informação obtida pelos exames de imagem foi quanto à invasão local, enquanto o exame radiográfico observou invasão em apenas 20% dos casos, a tomografia computadorizada identificou em 80,6%. Com os resultados do exame histopatológico e de tomografia pode-se observar que as formações malignas tiveram maior tendência a serem homogêneas e apresentarem realce heterogêneo. Conclui-se que a partir dos exames de imagem realizados (radiografia e tomografia computadorizada simples e contrastada) não foi possível inferir o tipo histopatológico das formações orais apenas com as informações desses exames, porém a tomografia computadorizada foi mais detalhada e precisa que o exame radiográfico na detecção de comprometimento ósseo e na identificação dos ossos acometidos, além de ter observado em maior número de casos a invasão de tecidos adjacentes à formação, demonstrando assim sua grande importância na determinação do prognóstico e da viabilidade do tratamento, assim como no planejamento da cirurgia. / The oral cancers represent the fourth most common cancer in dogs. Imaging of oral cancer is needed to determine the tumor extension and the affected local tissues, assisting in prognosis and surgical planning. Currently the radiographic examination is the most used diagnostic method. It is accessible and less expensive, but the large number of structures in the skull and its overlaping harms the evaluation of this region. The CT scan eliminates overlaping by sectional cuts of the examined region. The objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of radiography and tomography of oral cancers in dogs. At the Imaging Diagnostic Service of the HOVET FMVZ-USP, simple radiographies and simple and contrasted CT of 31 dogs with oral tumors attended at the Laboratory of Comparative Dentistry of the same institution were perfomed. The malignant neoplasms were most frequent (85.2%), being the melanoma the most frequent histopathologic type (37.1%). Males were slightly more affected than females, and the highest number of cases were seen in pure breeds dogs, being the Poodle, Cocker and German shepherd breeds the most affected ones. The average age of the animals was 9.97 years. The CT showed bony changes in 87,1% of the cases, X ray in 77,4%, in these changes osteolysis predominated. While the radiographic examination showed invasion in 20% of cases, computed tomography identified in 80.6%. Associating the results of histopathology and tomography, it was possible to verify that the malignant tumors had a strong tendency to be homogeneous and to present heterogeneous enhancement. It follows that from the imaging examinations performed it was not possible to infer the histopathologic type of the oral neoplasms. The CT scan was more detailed and precise than the radiographic exam in the detection of bone commitment and in identifying the bones affected. Besides CT noticed the invasion of tissues adjacent to the tumor in a greater number of cases, thus demonstrating its importance in determining the prognosis and viability of treatment, as well as in planning the surgery.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:37:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_rosema_santin.pdf: 3641963 bytes, checksum: d088da2fe7dd18329508c62dfe97ec75 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-26 / The aims of this study was the oral cavity evaluation of females stray dogs from Pelotas-RS, as well as yeast isolation and identification from three different areas of this cavity, comparison of two technique of sample collection (swabs and curettes) and test the in vitro susceptibility of isolated yeasts against common oral antiseptics used in pets. Fifty-nine randomized animals were included in the study. All of them were SRD, without age defined and from Pelotas-RS. They were divided in three groups of ages by the evaluation of dental arc, and were examined to determine the cranial morphology, presence of dental plaque, tooth fractures, malocclusion, halitosis and gingival bleeding. Measure of periodontal groove depth was also done. Samples were collected from three areas, gingival mucosa, dental biofilm and periodontal grooves, with different collection techniques: swab, curettes, millimeter periodontal probe and cellulose polymers membranes. In vitro susceptibility tests by microdilution methods was done with 15 of those yeasts against A product (0,12% chlorhexidine gluconate, 0,12% benzalkonium chloride and 0,10% chlorophila extract) and B product (0,2% benzalkonium chloride, 1% propolis and 0,5% peppermint arome). It was also evaluated chemical principles of products in separated, as chlorhexidine gluconate, benzalkonium chloride and propolis. Tooth fractures was observed in higher proportion at animals with six or more years old (p=0,0030). Dogs younger than 2 years old had lower rate of dental plaques than the others groups (p=0,0000). The association of positive areas of yeast isolation with age, tooth fracture, dental plaque, halitosis, gingival bleeding or malocclusion was not statistically significant. Sixty-one yeasts were isolated, characterized by M. pachydermatis (50,82%), Rhodotorula spp. (13,11%), C. albicans (4,92%), C. catenulata (3,28%), C. famata (1,64%), C. guilliermondii (1,64%), C. parapsilosis (1,64%), C. intermedia (1,64%), T. asahii (13,11%), T. mucoide (1,64%) and C. albidus (6,56%), from 30 (50,85%) animals. Yeasts growing inhibition was observed in all products tested and in all concentrations of them, with exception of propolis that did not show activity against yeasts. In conclusion, at oral cavity exam of female dogs, the mainly alterations found were dental plaques, tooth fractures and malocclusion. Isolated yeasts are normal habitants from the three different areas of oral cavity studied, without resulting in clinical signs. In relation to the techniques, it was not found difference between swab and curettes for oral sample collection. Yeast isolation was higher in female dogs that show halitosis. Oral antiseptics tested, as well as chlorhexidine gluconate and benzalkonium chloride were effective against yeasts isolated from canine oral cavity in all dilution tested. Propolis, at the conditions and dilutions tested, is not recommended as an oral antiseptic against yeast. / Objetivou-se avaliar a cavidade oral de fêmeas caninas errantes de Pelotas-RS, isolar e identificar leveduras de três sítios desta cavidade, comparar duas técnicas de colheita da mucosa gengival (swab e cureta) e testar a suscetibilidade in vitro destas leveduras frente a anti-sépticos orais utilizados na rotina odontológica de pequenos animais e seus princípios ativos. Foram avaliadas 59 fêmeas caninas, errantes, SRD, provenientes de Pelotas/RS. Os animais foram selecionados aleatoriamente, e distribuídos em três grupos de idade conforme avaliação da arcada dentária. Estes foram avaliados quanto à conformidade cranial, presença de cálculo dentário, fraturas dentárias, maloclusão, halitose, sangramento gengival e mensuração da profundidade de sulco peridontal. As amostras foram obtidas da mucosa gengival, biofilme dental e sulco periodontal, com diferentes formas de coletas: swab, cureta, sonda periodontal milimetrada e ponta de membrana em éster de celulose. O teste de suscetibilidade in vitro foi realizado pela técnica de microdiluição em caldo testando o produto A (0,12% de gluconato de clorexidina, 0,12% de cloreto de benzalcônio e 0,10% de extrato de clorofila) e, o produto B (0,2% de cloreto de benzalcônio, 1% de tintura de própolis e 0,5% de aroma hortelãpimenta) frente a 15 leveduras isoladas. Também foram avaliados os princípios ativos gluconato de clorexidina, cloreto de benzalcônio e tintura de própolis isoladamente. As fraturas dentárias foram mais frequentes nos animais com seis anos ou mais (p=0,0030). Nos cães com até dois anos a presença de cálculo dentário aresentou-se com menor frequência (p=0,0000) em relação aos outros dois grupos. Na relação entre o número de locais de isolamento com idade, conformidade cranial, presença de fratura, cálculo dentário, halitose, sangramento gengival e maloclusão não foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significativa. Foram isoladas 61 leveduras, M. pachydermatis (50,82%), Rhodotorula spp. (13,11%), C. albicans (4,92%), C. catenulata (3,28%), C. famata (1,64%), C. guilliermondii (1,64%), C. parapsilosis (1,64%), C. intermedia (1,64%), T. asahii (13,11%), T. mucoide (1,64%) e C. albidus (6,56%) distribuídas em 30 (50,85%) animais. Foi observada inibição do crescimento de todas as leveduras, em todos os produtos, em todas as concentrações, com exceção da tintura de própolis que não demonstrou ação nenhuma nas concentrações testadas. Sendo assim, na avaliação da cavidade oral das fêmeas caninas predominaram presença de cálculo dentário, fraturas dentárias e maloclusões. As leveduras isoladas fazem parte da microbiota dos diferentes sítios da cavidade oral das fêmeas caninas estudadas, estando presentes sem causar alterações. O isolamento de leveduras foi maior naquelas fêmeas que tinham halitose. Não houve diferença entre as técnicas utilizadas (swab ou cureta) para colheita de material da mucosa gengival. Os anti-sépticos orais e os compostos gluconato de clorexidina e o cloreto de benzalcônio foram eficazes frente às leveduras isoladas da cavidade oral de fêmeas caninas em todas as concentrações testadas, inclusive nas abaixo da recomendada para uso. Nas condições estudadas, a tintura de própolis não é recomendada para utilização como anti-séptico oral frente às leveduras nas concentrações estudadas.

Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease with an increasing prevalence in the elderly population. There is conflicting opinion about whether osteoporosis affects the alveolar bone of the jaws and whether it poses a risk to the osseointegration of dental implants. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of systemic glucocorticoid administration on the jaw bone density of minipigs. Thirty-seven adult female minipigs were randomly divided into two groups. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) was used to assess bone mineral density BMD of the lumbar spine as well as the mandible and maxilla, and blood was drawn. One group of minipigs initially received 1.0 mg prednisolone per kg body weight daily for 2 months. The dose was tapered to 0.5 mg per kg body weight per day thereafter. The animals in the other group served as controls and received placebo. QCT and blood analysis were repeated after 6 and 9 months. BMD was compared between the two groups by measuring Hounsfield units, and serum levels of several bone metabolic markers were also assessed. A decrease in BMD was observed in the jaws from baseline to 9 months. This was more pronounced in the prednisolone group. Statistically significant differences were reached for the mandible (p < 0.001) and the maxilla (p < 0.001). The administration of glucocorticoids reduced the BMD in the jaws of minipigs. The described model shows promise in the evaluation of osseointegration of dental implants in bone that is compromised by osteoporosis.

This thesis deal swith the specifics of nursing care for patiens with a resected tongue in the oral surgery department. The objectives of this work include focusing on the basics of care for patiens after a tongue resection and the most common problems nurses may encounter hen caring for these patients. The work consists of two parts: the theoretical and empirici parts. The theoretical part describes the field of dentistry and oral surgery, anatomy and physiology of the oral cavity. It also deals with orofacial surgery and the actual tongue resection procedure with a focus on nursing care for patiens after wards. In other chapters of the theoretical part we can read about the most common nursing problems in patiens after a tongue resection. In addition, the twelve patterns of health in Marjory Gordon's nursing model will be described for the empirical section. The empirical part is devoted to the research investigation. The thesis describes the metodology and organization of the research investigation. This was a qualitative research, the method of data collection was to create three case reports or case studies with follow discussion. Key words Carcinoma of the tongue, Tongue resection, Oral surgery, Dental care, Nursing care

Contexte : Le rôle de l’exposition professionnelle aux solvants dans la survenue de cancers des voies aéro-digestives supérieures (VADS), suggéré dans quelques études, n’a été que peu examiné, malgré leur utilisation très répandue en milieu de travail. Objectif : L’objectif de cette thèse état d’évaluer les associations entre les expositions professionnelles aux solvants et le risque de cancer des VADS. Méthodes : Ce travail est basé sur les données de l’étude Icare, une large étude cas-témoins en population générale conduite en France entre 2001-2007. L’analyse a été restreinte aux hommes et a porté sur 1857 cas de carcinome épidermoïde de la cavité buccale, du pharynx et du larynx, et 2780 témoins. L’histoire professionnelle détaillée ainsi que les consommations de tabac et d’alcool ont été recueillies par questionnaire. Les expositions aux solvants ont été évaluées à l’aide de matrices emplois-expositions et incluaient cinq solvants chlorés (perchloroéthylène, trichloroéthylène, chlorure de méthylène, chloroforme, tétrachlorure de carbone), cinq solvants pétroliers (benzène ; essences carburant ; gazole, fiouls et kérosène ; essences spéciales ; white spirits) et cinq solvants oxygénés (cétones et esters ; alcools ; éther éthylique ; éthylène glycol ; tétrahydrofurane). Les odds-ratios ajustés sur les consommations de tabac et d’alcool et d’autres facteurs de confusion potentiels, et les intervalles de confiances à 95% ont été estimés par régression logistique. Résultats : Aucune association significative n’a été mise en évidence entre exposition professionnelle aux solvants chlorés, pétroliers et oxygénés étudiés et le risque de cancer de l’ensemble des VADS. Dans l’analyse par localisation, le risque de cancer du larynx augmentait significativement avec l’exposition cumulée au perchloroéthylène. Des risques élevés de cancer de l’hypopharynx, bien que non significatifs, étaient observés pour les hommes exposés à des niveaux élevés de chlorure de méthylène, de white spirits et de tétrahydrofurane. Une association entre exposition au tétrahydrofurane et cancer de la cavité buccale était également suggérée. Aucune association claire n’était observée pour les autres solvants, quelle que soit la localisation de cancer. Conclusion : Des associations positives ont été observées avec plusieurs solvants spécifiques. Toutefois, dans l’ensemble, nos résultats ne sont pas en faveur d’un rôle majeur de l’exposition aux solvants dans la survenue de cancer des VADS. / Background : The role of occupational exposure to solvents in the risk of head and neck cancer has been suggested in some studies but has been few investigated, despite their widespread use in the workplace. Objective: The objective of this thesis was to examine the associations between occupational exposure to solvents and the risk of head and neck cancer. Methods: This work is based on data from the ICARE study, a large population-based case-control study conducted in France between 2001 and 2007. The analysis was restricted to men and included 1,857 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx and 2,780 controls. Detailed occupational lifetime as well as alcohol and tobacco consumptions were collected by questionnaires. Exposure to solvents was assessed by job exposure matrices and included five chlorinated solvents (perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride), five petroleum-based solvents (benzene; gasoline; diesel, fuels and kerosene; special petroleum products; white spirits) and five oxygenated solvents (ketones and esters; alcohols; diethyl ether; ethylene glycol; tetrahydrofuran). Odds-ratios adjusted for smoking, alcohol drinking and other potential confounders and 95% confidence intervals were estimated with logistic models. Results: No significant association was found between occupational exposure to chlorinated, petroleum-based and oxygenated solvents and the risk of head and neck cancer overall. In subsite analysis, the risk of laryngeal cancer increased with cumulative exposure to perchloroethylene. Non-significantly elevated risks of hypopharyngeal cancer were found in men exposed to high cumulative levels of methylene chloride, white spirits and tetrahydrofuran. An association between exposure to tetrahydrofuran and oral cavity cancer was also suggested. No other clear association was found for the other solvents under study, for any cancer site. Conclusion: Although positive associations were observed for several solvents, overall the results do not suggest a substantial role of exposure to solvents in head and neck cancer risk.

Orientador: Gisele Fabrino Machado / Resumo: O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a expressão gênica do PD-1 e seu ligante PD-L1, e do FoxP3 em felinos com gengivoestomatite crônica (GCF). Adicionalmente, foi feita uma caracterização do perfil dos indivíduos acometidos com a enfermidade a fim de se verificar a associação entre os resultados encontrados com os aspectos clínicos das lesões e com as análises histopatológicas das lesões. Para tal, após avaliação clínica, foram colhidas amostras da mucosa oral de sete gatos acometidos por gengivoestomatite crônica e de sete gatos aparentemente saudáveis para controle. Também foi feita a coleta de sangue para extração do soro e swab orofaríngeo para triagem das principais viroses felinas como Calicivirus (FCV), Herpesvirus (FHV-1), Vírus da Imunodeficiência Felina (FIV), Vírus da Leucemia Felina (FeLV) e Coronavirus (FCoV), assim como avaliação da função renal desses animais. O fragmento colhido foi dividido em duas partes, uma para processamento histopatológico e outra para PCR em tempo real. Foi realizada imuno-histoquímica para detecção do FCoV em específico nas lesões dos gatos com GCF. Como resultado, verificou-se que cinco dos sete gatos com a doença incluídos no estudo, eram machos, adultos, sem raça definida, castrados, viviam em ambiente com superlotação de animais, tinham acesso livre para a rua, se alimentavam de uma dieta mista composta por ração e comida caseira, e recebiam reforços anuais de vacinação. Cinco gatos com GCF eram negativos para FCV, ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the gene expression of PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1, and FoxP3, as immune response modulators, in cats diagnosed with feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS). Additionally, it was performed a characterization of the feline profile with FCGS the association between the results found with clinical evalution of oral cavity as well as histopathological analysis. For this, oral mucosa samples were collected from seven cats with FCGS and seven from healthy cats. Previously, clinical evalution was done and oral lesion severety was scored by a system. Blood samples and oropharyngeal swabs were collected for major feline viruses screening, such as Calicivirus (FCV), Herpesvirus (FHV-1), Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV), Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) and Coronavirus. (FCoV), and also, renal function evaluation. The oral mucosa fragment was divided into two parts, one for histopathological processing and another for RTPCR. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect FCoV in lesions of cats with FCGS. As result, it was found that five of seven cats with FCGS included in the study were males, adults and mixed breed. All cats were neutered, lived in a multi-cat household, had an outdoor lyifestyle, received a mixed diet, and received routine booster immunizations. Five cats were negative for FCV, FHV- 1, FIV and FeLV infection, no one was positive for FCoV at immunohistochemistry. At histopathological evaluation, it was observed minim... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor