Magister Philosophiae - MPhil / The main objective of this research is to asses the effectiveness of the channels (collective bargaining and workplace forums) created by the LRA for employee‟s participation in decision making in the mining sector. Problems related to employee participation will be examined to determine whether they are structural or due to shortcomings in the LRA. If it is found that there are shortcomings of the labour legislation in this regard, recommendations on how the shortcoming can be addressed will be made. The significance of this research paper is that it attempts to determine the efficacy of the current statutorily protected channels for employee participation in the mining sector against the backdrop of prevalent theories on employee participation. Although many labour law authors have commented on the role of workplace forums in South Africa, the relative advantages of workplace forums have not been analysed through the lens of the theories on employee participation

Women-owned businesses continue to drive economic growth in the United States. However, some African American businesswomen lack strategies to obtain capital to start their business. Strategies to obtain funds for a startup is vital to African American women seeking to start and sustain their businesses. Guided by entrepreneurial theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies African American women use to secure financial capital to start new businesses. The participants included 6 African American women business owners in Atlanta, Georgia, with successful experience in utilizing strategies to secure financial capital to start new businesses. Data were collected from semistructured interviews and company documents. Yin's 5-step analysis was used to analyze the data. The main themes were challenges of being an African American business woman, motivating factors leading to business ownership, and overcoming bank financing challenges. The implications for positive social change may include addressing the disparity of social, human, and financial capital to start new businesses among African American women.

1 Residential co-ownership in the light of the amendment to the Civil Code effective from 1st July 2020 Abstract In this thesis I deal with the institute of residential co-ownership and the changes brought by Act No. 163/2020 Coll., amending Act No. 89/2012 Coll., the Civil Code, as amended, and other related acts. This amendment to the Civil Code fundamentally interferes with the legal regulation of residential co-ownership, ie also with the provisions concerning an association of unit owners with which I deal mainly in this thesis. For its clarity, the thesis is divided into parts in which I try to systematically present the changes that the above-mentioned amendment to the Civil Code has brought. An important part of the thesis is also a comparison of the changes with the regulation effective before 1st July 2020. In the introduction, I first present the subject of research in general and then in a short historical excursion I approach the development of residential ownership in our territory. In my opinion, the main point is the view into the last century, where co-ownership respectively residential ownership changed the most. In connection with the historical development, it is important to mention the legal principle of superficies solo cedit. This principle, known since the second century AD, has an...

In my Thesis I focus on problems about international guidelines in Byt a servis, družstvo Olomouc. In first part I deal with bacis concepts like international guidelines and their partition, characteristic home owners association and cooperative. In second part I will do basic analysis about company and current status of international guidelines, which has company processed and about their quality. In conclusion of my thesis I suggest treatment of lacks and design a missing international guidelines.

Markkompaktering ökar risken för stress och skador på träden, såsom stormfällningar och rotröta. Idag spelar klimatfrågan en viktig roll, både i samhället och inom skogsbruket. Därför är det intressant att undersöka intresset för att använda alternativa skogsskötselmetoder. Syftet med denna studie var därför att undersöka skogsägares attityder till att använda hästar till drivning. Studien genomfördes som en enkätundersökning bland skogsägare i fem kommuner i Dalarna, med en svarsfrekvens på ca. 36%. Baserat på inkomna svar gick det inte att se några skillnader mellan certifierade och icke certifierade skogsägare. Däremot spelade inställningen till hyggesfritt skogsbruk och storleken på skogsinnehavet in. Slutsatserna var att det fanns ett intresse av att använda häst till drivningen av virket, speciellt vid uttag av vindfällen och fröträd. Skogsägarna bör ta ett större ansvar för sina kunskaper inom skogsskötsel och skogsbruk, medan hästentreprenörer och skogsbolag har ett stort ansvar i att visa på lämpliga alternativ till skogsmaskinerna.

Syftet och målet med denna studie var dels att undersöka fenomenet överturism genom att titta närmare på större europeiska städer såsom Barcelona och Venedig. Men även gå på djupet med hur detta fenomen har uppstått och ifall det kan appliceras på vår egen hemstad Stockholm, och specifikt Gamla Stan. Genom att genomföra kvalitativa intervjuer med både näringsidkare och lokalbefolkning hoppas vi få en bättre förståelse för hur avtrycket av turister manifesterar sig i överturism och ifall det finns en generell attityd gentemot detta. Vi bör ha i åtanke att, generellt sett så kommer turister till Gamla stan (som är en huvudattraktion för de miljoner besökare Sverige årligen tar emot) med all säkerhet att spendera tid på ön, på grund av dess centrala läge och möjligheten att gå igenom stan på så pass kort tid. Utöver det ekonomiska avtryck som detta medför har det också en påverkan på lokalbefolkningen, som möts av ett ökande antal besökare för varje år, särskilt under de tre sommarmånaderna. Medan fler ur lokalbefolkningen ser turisterna som orörliga objekt och i vissa fall störningsmoment så erkänner näringsidkare turisternas betydelse för deras verksamhet, och att affärsrörelser på något sätt är beroende av turister då de säkrar deras överlevnad. / The purpose and aim of this study is to through carefully examining the phenomenon of overtourism by looking closely at other major European destinations such as Barcelona, Venice, Dubrovnik and Santorini, go in depth with how this phenomenonhas appeared and perhaps if it can be applied to our home city of Stockholm, and specifically the Old Town, “Gamla Stan”. By conducting qualitative interviews with both business owners and residents we hope to get a better understanding of how the impact of tourists applies itself and if there is a certain attitude towards this. Not only is it clear that this phenomenonhas brought changes to many destinations over the last few years. In Barcelona the attitude towards tourist has reached almost violent levels, with some cases of locals attacking tourists and targeting traveling group with slogans etc, We have to consider that in general, people that visit Gamla Stan, which is a major attraction for the millions of tourists that travel to Stockholm every year, almost certainly will spend at least some time on this island because of its central location and convenient walk-through possibilities. Besides the economic imprint this also affects the local residents, who are faced with a growing number of visitors, especiallyin the three summer months.

Small businesses struggle to survive for longer than 5 years because owners lack knowledge of strategies to sustain financial capital. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies small business owners used to maintain financial capital to ensure survivability for longer than 5 years. The sample included 3 successful service- related small business owners located in the southeastern United States. Systems theory and the theory of entrepreneurship provided the conceptual framework for the study. Data collection involved face-to-face, semistructured interviews and a review of company websites and organizational documents. Member checking enhanced the credibility of the findings. Themes included personal preparation, customer services, and sustaining strategies. Findings may contribute to entrepreneurs' and small business owners' knowledge of financial strategies to sustain their businesses for longer than 5 years, which may benefit the overall wealth of the community by increasing employment opportunities, economic growth, and financial stability. Implications for positive social change include providing operation survival practices for new small business owners, business preparation skills, developing and maintaining internal and external customer service relations, and sustaining accessible financial capital.

There was a long history of Jim Crow laws in the State of Georgia, which permeated in social, educational, and economical ways that prohibited African American business owners from competing for the state contracts. In 1982, there was a shift in state policy that implemented an outreach programs to seek out African American businesses and ensure that those interested businesses were enrolled as registered vendors for procurement. Yet little is known about the success of those outreach efforts over the last 35 years. Using Swearing and Plank's work on survival of minority business programs as a conceptual framework, this study evaluated (a) the association between the registration status (registered, non-registered, unknown) with the Georgia Minority Business Enterprise Program (GMBE Program) and gender, and (b) descriptive information about the outreach efforts of the MBE Program. Data were collected from 108 randomly selected African American small business owners in the State of Georgia through an online survey. A chi-square test revealed a significant association (p = .08) between gender and enrollment of registered vendors, with women more likely to register as vendors than were men. Descriptive data also revealed that nearly half (48% percent) of respondents had not registered with the MBE Program and were not aware of the educational and economic opportunities offered through the program. Contracts were awarded 4 times more frequently to vendors registered with the MBE Program as compared to businesses not registered. The positive social change implications of this study include recommendation to the state of the Georgia MBE Program to collaborate on outreach efforts to African American business owners to encourage economic development in minority communities and minorities-owned businesses.

In urban development literature, the historical role of disinvestment through redlining and reinvestment through renewal during the period of expanded federal-level involvement is presumed and widely studied. However, there remains relatively little literature systematically examining the impacts of these interventions nationally. In this research, I examine how ideological prejudices are obdurate and path dependent when they become embedded in the built environment through legislation or federal institutions and these can influence neighborhood outcomes over time. In particular, I study federal redlining and urban renewal related interventions between 1940 and 1970/1980 – as proxied by redlining maps from the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) and the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), as well as urban renewal areas through digitized Urban Renewal Project characteristics maps and predicted through a machine learning process – to examine how these subsequently shaped socioeconomic, demographic, and homeownership and home value in this period, with reverberations in a more contemporary period between 1970/1980 - 2010. The main gaps in the knowledge relate to the additional impact the FHA had on neighborhood decline and racial segregation beyond existing trajectories and practices by lenders and private real estate stakeholders. Moreover, were these patterns uniform across the country or did they vary regionally based on the differences in the racial composition and economic development across the country? Lastly, no redlining research considers the possibility that urban renewal involved related interventions such as the demolition and new construction that presents a non-random complication to the estimation of redlining’s effects, as these interventions likely took place in the same areas that were redlined. I find that, using a more representative version of redlining maps in Chicago, the results suggest a negative impact on home values and homeownership rates and weakly decreased segregation for neighborhoods excluded from mortgage guarantees between 1940 and 1980. Moreover, I find that peripheral urban neighborhoods in Sunbelt cities experienced more consistent housing advantages from redlining. And in aggregate, despite disproportionate displacement of Black residents, urban renewal ultimately had a positive impact on economic indicators; however, when stratifying these results by redlining grades, these relationships do not hold true for better graded neighborhoods. In other words, the benefits from renewal are contingent on previous disinvestment.

Kista Science City har länge varit känt som Sveriges Silicon Valley, ett område fyllt med techjättar och ICT-företag, men under den senaste tiden har detta försvunnit. Idag präglas området av en hög vakansgrad med en stor del kontorsfastigheter, vilket tillsammans med en dålig upplevd trygghet har resulterat i begränsad aktivitet på kvällar och helger. Trots detta finns det hopp för Kista Science City och många fastighetsbolag ser möjligheter att göra om området med olika insatser. Syftet med studien är att konkretisera vilka faktorer som har lett till att området ser ut som det gör idag och vilka åtgärder som kan användas för att göra Kista Science City mer levande. Detta har gjorts med hjälp av en kvalitativ studie med nio intervjuer av relevanta fastighetsägare och hyresgäster inblandade i området.  Det flera anledningar till varför Kista Science City har bristande aktivitet, bland annat de unika krav som varje hyresgäst har, den slutna natur som finns i området, och den upplevda tryggheten. Däremot har det identifierats flera åtgärder som kan användas för att göra Kista Science City ett attraktivt stadsområde igen och skapa en levande miljö. Detta kan göras genom att exempelvis attrahera nya stora internationella aktörer eller att öppna upp för flera coworkingytor. Huvudrekommendationen är att göra området till en blandstad, där man integrerar mat och restaurangliv, företag, bostäder och sociala ytor. Dessa åtgärder måste även planeras hållbart för att undvika ett övermodigt beteendemönster som fastighetsbolag. Potentiell vidareforskning är att kolla på de potentiella ekonomiska och sociala fördelarna med att göra området attraktivt och kolla på hur arbetandet med social hållbarhet kan hjälpa företag vinstmaximera. Ytterligare vidareforskning kan vara vilka åtgärder som kan göras på enskilda byggnader för att göra de attraktiva. / Kista Science City has long been known as Sweden’s Silicon Valley, an area filled with tech giants and ICT companies. However, in recent time, this narrative has faded away. Today, the area is filled with office buildings experiencing a high vacancy rate, and coupled with a bad perception safety, it has resulted in limited activity during evenings and weekends. Despite this there is hope for Kista Science City and many real estate companies sees possibilities to make the area attractive again with different contributions. The purpose of the study is to concretize what factors have led to Kista Science City to be what it is today and what contributions that can be taken to make it more vibrant again. This has been done through a qualitative study with 9 interviews with relevant property owners and guests who are involved in Kista Science City. There are severeal reasons to why Kista Science City has a lack of activity, these can be the unique requests that each individual tenant has, the lack of attractivity, the secluded nature the area pocesses and the perceived sense of security. However, serveral different measures have been identified that can maka Kista Science City an attractive city district again and create a vibrant environment. This can be done by, for example, attracting new major internation players or opening more coworking areas, but the key recommendation is to transform the area to a mixed-use neighborhood, where you integreate food and restaurant life, companies, housing and social spaces. These measures must also be planned sustainably to avoid an overly speculative behavior by real estate companies. Potential areas for further research include examining the potential economic and social benefits of revitalizing the area and exploring how integrating social sustainability efforts can assist businesses in maximizing profits. Additional research could investigate the measures that can be implemented on individual buildings to make them attractive.