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Multikulturele beradingsmodel vir tersiêre opleiding in die professionele diensberoepeVan der Hoven, Marianne 31 October 2006 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / This study was aimed at the development of a multicultural counselling model for tertiary education with the emphasis on experiential learning and integration on all levels. Although the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) is prescriptive about the outcomes concerning multicultural involvement it does not clearly prescribe experiential learning - causing educational institutions to underplay experiential learning.
Ignorance exists about multiculturalism in training programmes. Educational institutions often implement programmes randomly without proper consideration of the multicultural needs of the student population. People from different cultures often experience the caregiver as having little understanding and respect for diverse cultures, often leading to the early termination and inaccessibility of professional services.
To provide guidelines to educational institutions about multicultural counselling training, the researcher provided a paradigmatic perspective as foundation to the drafting of a counselling model for training. The Grounded Theory was used to obtain scientifically based information about the multicultural counselling training phenomenon in South Africa as well as the development of a multicultural counselling model for tertiary education.
People in professional services were interviewed and compared to literature, whereafter all applicable concepts, principles, processes and elements grounded in the paradigmatic perspective were examined, identified and coded as components of the multicultural counselling model, with the aid of a core category, categories and subcategories. Henceforth a multicultural counselling model for training was developed.
The central thesis of the research is that the multicultural counsellor has certain skills that stem from the training received at South African educational institutions, which does not necessarily encompass the concept of multiculturalism. It therefore does not equip the student to successfully help patients from a diverse culture. This problem can be intercepted through a training model with appropriate components of multiculturalism in the curriculum of educational institutions in South Africa.
Conclusions and recommendations were made according to the Grounded Theory. The findings of the scientific procedure were evaluated according to reliability as well as the criteria of Chinn en Kramer (1991). Answers were obtained through scientific reasoning and empirical research to produce a model for the implementation of multicultural training within the context of South African educational institutions. / Social Work / D. Diac. (Play Therapy)
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Paradigm development in Systematic TheologyLehmann, Lando Leonhardt 30 November 2004 (has links)
Systematic Theology, like all other disciplines, are subject to basic assumptions about its first principles, which is determinant for the way the discipline understands itself and does its work. The consequential perception the discipline has of knowledge acquisition and method of research in turn determines its interpretation of the knowledge acquired. The three areas of understanding (metaphysical assumptions, epistemological theories and ethical praxis) together form a cycle that builds the basis of a paradigm. Paradigms are continually present and are by nature developmental. The development from the macro-, to the messo-, and micro-levels in the structure of a paradigm is described through the three areas of understanding, providing a method for analysing paradigms. Using a developmental method of observation (affective awareness), analysis (ontological way of understanding), theorising (a different way of thinking) and application (ethical responsible living) suggests a fundamental reconsideration of the task of all disciplines, including systematic theology. / Systematic Theology & Theological Ethics / M. Th.(Systematic Theology)
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Psychotherapeutic effectiveness and social discourse : an ecosystemic explorationCarruthers, Angeline 30 November 2007 (has links)
Extensive questions have been asked regarding the factors that influence psychotherapeutic effectiveness. Past research has addressed the methods, techniques, as well as the client and therapist variables which potentially influence psychotherapeutic effectiveness. The majority of the research indicates that the therapeutic relationship and other contextual variables exert the greatest influence on psychotherapy successes. This implicates the broader social context in psychotherapy processes. Language appears to be one of the primary contextual factors influencing psychotherapeutic processes and is also embedded in social discourse. Society dominant discourses appear to be based on deficit beliefs toward psychotherapy and emotional functioning. The more relevant issue concerning psychotherapeutic effectiveness therefore appears to be society's dominant discourses affecting the profession. Collaborative social discourses embracing psychology are seldom integrated into mainstream public discourse. A post-modern, ecosystemic perspective is applied to these concerns, proposing a collaborative approach to social discourse, psychotherapy and research. This utilizes reflective, multi-dimensional, respectful and nonjudgmental values, reflecting the shift in social paradigms from the Industrial Age to the Knowledge Age. This shift recognizes that cultural, social and language variables appear to have a greater impact on psychotherapeutic effectiveness than most therapeutic techniques or interventions. These discourses are explored and recommendations are made in an attempt to align psychotherapy with a shifting social paradigm. This alignment could enhance psychotherapeutic effectiveness and the general understanding of psychotherapy. / Psychology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)
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Salutogenic functioning amongst university administrative staffMtsweni, Sipho Herold 30 June 2007 (has links)
This study provides an orientation towards coping with stress management
through salutogenic functioning. Six constructs, namely, sense of
coherence, hardiness, self-efficacy, potency, learned resourcefulness and
locus of control, were studied as it manifest amongst random sampled
university administrative staff.
The literature review focused on salutogenic functioning, coping and stress,
integrated in the salutogenic personality profile.
The results from the research revealed positive correlations between
external locus of control and self-efficacy and meaningfulness, autonomy
and self control, internal locus of control and meaningfulness, internal locus
of control and meaningfulness, challenge and meaningfulness. Negative
correlations existed between autonomy and self-efficacy and
comprehensibility, potency and all locus of control dimensions, males and
females differed in their self control and external control, black africans had
the lowest score on external control, and there was no relationship between
age and the constructs.
Conclusions and recommendations were made regarding the optimisation of
salutogenic functioning among university administrative staff. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.A. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)
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Resilience in intimate relationshipsVenter, Nerine 02 1900 (has links)
This is a qualitative study that researches the definition and meaning of resilience in intimate
relationships. A constructivist perspective guides the theoretical framework of this study and a
systemic approach to intimate relationships provides a theoretical foundation. Apart from an
extensive literature survey, three different sources of information were included in this study on
relational resilience. Three family therapists were interviewed to gain some understanding of
their experiences with couples in distress. Three participant couples examined visual stimuli
(excerpts of couple interactions from five films) and discussed their responses and personal
experiences in semi-structured interviews. The participants’ themes were analysed through
thematic network analysis in order to explore their definitions of resilience in light of their own
experiences. It was found that resilience in intimate relationships can be defined as the ability of
the couple to endure adversity. It involves the relational capacity to adapt, grow, and recover
from adversities and it includes relational processes that allow the couple as a system to
rebound from shared difficulties and become more resourceful. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology))
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On the sacramentality of marriage : the divergence of canon law and theology and the inability to maintain the presumption of facere quod facit ecclesiaPothier, Glen Joseph 11 1900 (has links)
The CIC/83, the living law (ius vigens) of the Latin Catholic Church,
contains 110 canons on marriage in cc. 1055 – 1165. [The 1990 Code of Canons of
the Eastern Churches contains a similar section, cc. 776 – 866]. The sacred
canons, in general, are a compilation of theological statements that are
presented in juridical terms. The canons on marriage, like those of the other
sacraments, commence with a theological statement defining the essence of
the sacrament. The first canon, c. 1055, states that (§1) the marriage covenant,
for the baptized, has been raised to the dignity of a sacrament by Christ the
Lord and that (§2) a valid marriage contract cannot exist between baptized
persons without being a sacrament.
A requirement of c. 1099 is that one must not be in error (error iuris)
concerning the unity, indissolubility, or the sacramental dignity of marriage.
Additionally, c. 1101, §2 states that when by a positive act of the will one
excludes marriage itself or an essential element or an essential property, that
marriage is invalid. The expectation of cc. 1099 and 1101, therefore, is that
sacramentality be included at the time of exchange of consent.
From the time of the scholastics, contract and sacrament have been
identified as one for the baptized, hearkening to a time when civil legislation
attempted to subvert the authority and oversight of the Church regarding
(sacramental) marriage.
At the Second Vatican Council, the constitution Gaudium et spes reinterpreted
marriage as a covenantal relationship between man and woman.
A covenant and a contract are not identical terms. More importantly,
marriage was again seen as a covenant, and as a covenant, for the baptized, it
Father Glen J. Pothier
2
is sacramental. Sacrosanctum Concilium, which set forth principles for the
reform of the sacramental and liturgical life of the Latin Church, stated that
sacraments presuppose faith. The International Theological Commission
identified that there are members of the baptized faithful, Catholic or non-
Catholic, who are unbelievers, who may have been baptized as children but
have had no further faith elucidation, or, as members of non-Catholic
ecclesial communities, do not believe in the seven sacraments of the Catholic
Church, or, in particular, that marriage is a sacrament. Such persons would
not, then, understand that sacramentality must be exchanged on the day of
marriage. Rotal jurisprudence has reflected this change.
In addition to the presumption that sacraments require faith, another
presumption exists when the Church expects that the baptized marry
according to the mind of the Church (the mens Ecclesiae), that is, facere quod facit
Ecclesia, ([by] doing what the Church does). But in a society that is weakened by
divorce, secularism, and a lack of understanding of what the Catholic Church
understands by the sacrament of marriage, this presumption needs to be reexamined.
Through research on the historical development of theological and
canonical principles, and by means of independent studies of large groups of
baptized Catholics and non-Catholics, it becomes increasingly clear that the
theologico-juridico principles of c. 1055 and the sacramentality of marriage
must be revisited. / Systematic Theology & Theological Ethics / D. Th. (Systematic Theology & Theological Ethics)
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Burnout, work engagement and sense of coherence in female academics at two tertiary education institutions in South AfricaBezuidenhout, Adéle 11 1900 (has links)
Female academics in higher education institutions face numerous challenges
in the continuously ch~nging landscape of South African Higher Education.
Numerous mergers between different institutions, increasing job demands,
ever increasing class sizes and the unique demands of role conflict, inherent
to the female role, contribute to the manifestation of stress and burnout (80)
in this population group.
The research is conducted from a salutogenic paradigm, seeking to find ways
of avoiding the negative consequences of 80 and contributing towards the
positive experience of Work Engagement (WE) for the female academic. The
research also explores the effect of the individual academics' Sense of
Cohrence (SOC) on the experience of BO and WE.
The research is quantitative in nature. A psychometric instrument was sent to
all the permanently employed female academics employed by Unisa and TUT,
measuring their levels of 80, WE and SOC. The completed questionnaires
were statisticaily analysed.
The findings included average levels of 80, with definite signs that the
experience of 80 is on the increase. The Cy sub-dimension of BO showed
increased levels. The WE scores of the female academics were just above
average. The SOC scores of the female academics were low.
The main recommendations were that University management need to take
cognisance of the symptoms of BO that are present in this population.
Strategies need to be put in place to address these issues and the experience
of WE need to be treasured and grown through definite actions from
Management. Female academics also need to take personal responsibility for
their own wellness and act on the initial signs of 80, rather than dismissing it
as mere tiredness or lack of energy. There are also a number of
recommendations on actions to be taken to experience WE in the academic
work that the population undertake on a daily basis / Industrial & Organizational Psychology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Industrial & Organizational psychology)
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A belief-desire-intention architechture with a logic-based planner for agents in stochastic domainsRens, Gavin B. 02 1900 (has links)
This dissertation investigates high-level decision making for agents that are both goal and utility
driven. We develop a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) planner which
is an extension of an agent programming language called DTGolog, itself an extension of the
Golog language. Golog is based on a logic for reasoning about action—the situation calculus.
A POMDP planner on its own cannot cope well with dynamically changing environments
and complicated goals. This is exactly a strength of the belief-desire-intention (BDI) model:
BDI theory has been developed to design agents that can select goals intelligently, dynamically
abandon and adopt new goals, and yet commit to intentions for achieving goals. The contribution
of this research is twofold: (1) developing a relational POMDP planner for cognitive
robotics, (2) specifying a preliminary BDI architecture that can deal with stochasticity in action
and perception, by employing the planner. / Computing / M. Sc. (Computer Science)
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The impact of senior management on middle management's experience of integrityVan Niekerk, Annelize 02 1900 (has links)
A rise in the number of high-profile cases of management failure and leadership
misconduct increased the awareness of one of the core challenges of management,
namely to lead responsibly and with integrity. The environment which senior managers
create and within which middle managers need to function seems to have a direct bearing
on the moral behaviour and integrity of the middle manager. The aim of this research was
therefore to gain a better understanding of how middle managers view the impact of senior
managers on their experience of integrity. There is an increasing need in organisations for
responsible leadership, leadership with integrity and leadership towards developing the
integrity of the follower. This study was conducted within the interpretive research
paradigm. Sampling was directed by criterion-based guidelines, focusing on current middle
managers from different industries in the private sector. In-depth interviews were
conducted and the data was analysed using a grounded theory method.
The main findings indicated that senior managers should engage in two debates with
middle managers in the organisation. Firstly, integrity is not something that is
demonstrated but rather means that leaders can be differentiated from other leaders when
they lead with integrity. Secondly, defining integrity and linking it to personal standards and
values, as well as aligning these standards and values to the organisational strategy,
vision and mission, are important. The findings of this study can assist senior managers
with decreasing unethical behaviour and increasing integrity in the organisation. The
research provided a basic framework that can assist in creating a positive context for the
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relationship between senior managers and middle managers within which to function, in
order to decrease unethical employee activity and increase integrity. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.A. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)
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The Canticle of spiritual direction : a transformative approach to the Song of SongsLam, Judy Elise 02 1900 (has links)
This dissertation suggests the Song of Songs as a biblical paradigm for Christian spiritual
direction based on the poem’s human dynamics, theological poetics and mystical aesthetic.
The Song of Songs is paradigmatic as a journey from a state of self-neglect (depletion),
through dynamic encounters of love (transformation), to living who I am in union with the
divine I AM (deification). Identifying the human beloved as archetypal seeker and positing
transformation in love as the raison-d’être for spiritual direction, the research delineates
important implications for spiritual praxis, namely: the human subject (locus); human
yearning (focus); the human search (journey); dynamics of human transformation and
spiritual maturation (process); aspects of life-integration and union with God (purpose); and
becoming a living sacrament in the world (epiphany). With its experiential-existential
approach, The Canticle of Spiritual Direction serves as an interdisciplinary and intercultural
resource on the Song of Songs, Christian spiritual direction, and Christian mysticism. / Christian Spirituality, Church History & Missiology / M. Th. (Christian Spirituality)
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