Of all fields of historical enquiry, Germany’s Third Reich is perhaps the richest in sources and historiography. Therefore, it is logical to assume that this is where we see history done at its best. The chief interest of this dissertation is how historians select their sources and how they use the evidence they find in their sources. I have taken relations between Jewish Germans and non-Jewish Germans as a case study because of the enormous quantity of primary source material and because so many historians have commented on the issue. I do not attempt to make any claims about what happened between Jewish Germans and their non-Jewish compatriots nor do I make a moral assessment of behaviours and attitudes among the ‘ordinary’ people of Germany under the Third Reich. Rather, this is a technical exercise to examine how well the historians have done history in this particular area. My systematic review of the historians’ methodologies reveals that many either distort the evidence they cite or put forward arguments that go well beyond what the evidence warrants, perhaps because of pre-conceived theories which shape their approaches to the evidence. Moreover, they fail to make the best possible use of some types of source such as personal narratives. In order to ascertain whether these sources can be better used, I systematically analyse a selection of personal narratives which are sometimes quoted by historians, in particular the 1933-1945 diaries of Victor Klemperer. My question is: Do these testimonies really say what the historians claim they say about relations between Jewish and non-Jewish Germans? And if not, how can we analyse them to determine what they actually do say? The two kinds of problems which emerge are how to select a balanced range of sources and how to use them properly. My argument is that there are six methodological principles that should underpin good historical practice. Because historians are not scrupulous to apply these common-sense rules, their arguments are methodologically flawed and they do not use some sources to the full extent of their value. This raises the question of whether these problems are confined to this particular field or whether they are endemic to the history profession as a whole.

Thesis (MA (History))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / In the case of the Anglo-Boer War masculine military history has attracted scholars, as has the suffering and martyrdom of female internees in the concentration camps. Conspicuously overlooked by scholars are the wartime plights of black women and privileged white women. The focus of this study are those white females who remained outside of the camps. Some such women staked their claim to history by keeping diaries of their wartime experiences. Two in particular, Isabella Lipp and Nonnie De la Rey, chronicled opposing sides of the conflict. Their testimony is studied here both descriptively and comparatively. Because the challenges of war provoked differing responses, adjunct to Nonnie and Isabella’s journals are the diaries of Alida Badenhorst, Elizabeth Henrietta Martyn (Bessie) Collins and the unpublished notes of Florence Burgers—daughter of the Transvaal’s second president. All these women were privileged and hence advantaged but they also struggled daily for survival and responded proactively. Mrs. Isabella Lipp, wife of a prominent banker, recorded her perception of the war from a cramped third-floor apartment in Johannesburg. Very much in tune with the ideological aspects of war, she wanted imperialism upheld even amidst the unfair cruelty that she witnessed. Nonnie De la Rey, wife of General Koos De la Rey, fled the enemy and lived on the open veld. Her life was not as monotonous or lonely as Isabella’s. Had the consequences been less decisive this may have been an exciting adventure. What emerges from these sources, which are representative of white women of society, is a surprising female response to wartime conditions. That response included the sadness, struggle and toil that might be expected, but, significantly, it also included remarkable resilience—manifested in a variety of ways in the face of momentous circumstances. The forgoing findings contribute to the war’s social/gender history by including “people without history” within the written historical record.1 Women displayed a unique reliance and bond between themselves and their black workers; domestic duties and roles were completely disrupted; and the constant anxiety and lack of news about loved ones caused acute family distress. Did women snivel submissively, waiting to be rescued by men? Were they victims of circumstances thrust upon them? Did they succumb to the Victorian model of female fragility? My findings offer evidence to the contrary.

The "Reminiscences" of Thomas Stubbs are one of several such compositions which have survived from the 1820 Settlers. The manuscript offers one of the fullest and most lively accounts of frontier life, and the experiences of the Settlers as seen through the eyes of Thomas Stubbs. The object of this thesis has been to reconstruct the life of Thomas Stubbs which has proved an arduous yet absorbing task and to comment upon and evaluate some of the views Stubbs expressed when he wrote the "Reminiscences" between 1874 and 1875, as well as to test, where possible, the validity of the opinions and sentiments formed during a half-century's acquaintance with the Eastern frontier of the Cape of Good Hope.

The theme of this work is personal narrative as an element of English teaching. Personal narratives are a very frequent type of genre in our oral day-today interactions. These oral narratives have the constant presence of certain elements in their internal structure, which are usually incorporated by written narratives. Therefore, the objective of this work is to use personal narratives as a tool for the teaching and learning of the English language. In order to reach this objective, a didactic experience was developed with fourteen students from a group under my responsibility in the Licentiate Degree in Languages (Portuguese- English) at Faculdade José Augusto Vieira (FJAV), in the city of Lagarto, Sergipe. The aim of the didactic experience was to enable students to write texts by making conscious use of the structure and elements of personal narratives as a text genre. The instruments which were used to verify the effectiveness of the didactic experience were questionnaires, field notes, students writing production and interviews. The research was based on the analysis of narratives according to Labov and Waletzky (1967), Pratt (1977), Prince (1983), Polanyi (1979), and Tannen (1982), among others. A theory of genres by Bakhtin (2003), Schneuwly (2004) and Marcuschi (2005), as well as a theory of writing by Raimes (1983), Flower and Hayes (1981) and Grabe and Kaplan (1996) integrated the work. Likewise, studies on implicit and explicit learning by Mathews et al. (1989), Zimmer and Alves (2006), and others, gave theoretical support to the research. The results of the research revealed the necessity to develop writing practices which attend both to the linguistic and social needs of learners. I hope that this work can contribute to the development of more meaningful teaching tasks and to the formation of more efficient writers of English as a foreign language. / O tema deste trabalho é a narrativa pessoal como elemento do ensino da língua inglesa. As narrativas pessoais são um gênero textual muito freqüente na oralidade, nas nossas interações do dia-a-dia. Essas narrativas pessoais orais têm a presença constante de certos elementos, em sua estrutura interna, que são geralmente incorporados pelas narrativas escritas. Desta forma, a pesquisa tem como proposta utilizar as narrativas pessoais como uma estratégia de ensino para a aprendizagem da escrita na língua inglesa. Para alcançar este objetivo, uma experiência didática foi desenvolvida com catorze alunos de uma turma sob minha responsabilidade no curso de Letras com habilitação em português e inglês, na Faculdade José Augusto Vieira (FJAV), no município de Lagarto, Sergipe. O objetivo da experiência didática era levar os alunos a escreverem textos empregando conscientemente a estrutura e os elementos do gênero narrativa pessoal. Os instrumentos de pesquisa utilizados foram questionários, notas de campo, análise das produções escritas dos alunos colaboradores e entrevistas. O referencial teórico apoiou-se nas análises das narrativas, segundo Labov e Waletzky (1967), Pratt (1977), Prince (1983), Polanyi (1979), e Tannen (1982), entre outros. Uma teoria de gêneros baseada em Bakhtin (2003), Schneuwly (2004) e Marcuschi (2005), assim como uma teoria de produção de textos de Raimes (1983), Flower e Hayes (1981) e Grabe e Kaplan (1996), também integraram o arcabouço teórico do trabalho. Da mesma forma, estudos sobre aprendizagem implícita e explícita, realizados por Mathews et al. (1989), Zimmer e Alves (2006), e outros, deram suporte teórico à pesquisa. Os resultados da pesquisa revelaram a necessidade do desenvolvimento de práticas de escrita que atendam tanto às necessidades lingüísticas quanto às sociais dos aprendizes. Espera-se que este trabalho contribua para o desenvolvimento de atividades de ensino mais significativas e para a formação de escritores mais eficientes de inglês como língua estrangeira.

Text in Afrikaans / Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Psigonefrologie behels die studie von psigologiese faktore wat 'n rot speel by eindstadiumnierversaking. Nierversaking word beskou as 'n lewensbedreigende siekte, wat die lewensverwogting von die pasient verkort indien hy nie behandeling ontvang nie. Nierversaking kan ingedeet word in drie stadiums: Die pre-dialise, diatise, en oorplantingstadiums. Die onderskeibaorheid von hierdie stadiums is die gevotg von verski lie in mediese behandelingsmetodes. Nie een hiervon bring genesing nie, maar vertig simptome van die uremiese sindroom, verleng die tewensverwagting von die pasient, en is veronderstel om sy lewenskwaliteit te verbeter. DepresS,ie en angs, is algemene simptome wat by nierpasiente voorkom. Die redes hiervoor, is die pasient se psigologiese reaksie teenoor nierversaking, dialise, en/of 'n oorplanting. Verder moet hy ook die newe-effekte van die mediese behandeling trotseer. Aanpassings moet ook gemaak word in terme von beroep~ en sosiate funksionering. Nie net het eindstodiumnierversaking 'n psigososiate impok op die nierposient nie, maar word die gesonde moat ook daardeur be"invtoed. Daarom ervoar meeste egpore gesamentlik die impok von nierversaking op hulle huwelik- en gesinslewe. Vir optimale oanpassing by nierversaking moet egpore sekere oanpassingstoke bemeester, soos om nierversoking as 'n gedeetde probteem te hanteer, oan te pas by die rot von pasient en versorger. die verskillende behoeftes oan nobyheid en afstand tussen pasient en versorger, en die verwisseting in beroepsrolle hanteer, asook effektiewe kommunikasie met mekoar en die mediese span doarstel, en mekaor deurlopend instrumenteel en emosioneel ondersteun ten einde die huweliksverbintenis in stand te hou. Die resultate von hierdie ondersoek dui doarop dat huweliksverondertikes, soos 'n afnome in ontsponningsaktiwiteite en seksuatiteit, en gelykmakende rolle 'n belangrike rot speel om oanpassing by nierversaking te vergemaklik. Daarmee soam is gevind dat godsdiens 'n belangrike oanpossende funksie vir egpore het. Deurgoans speel'n ondersteuningsisteem, wat uit famitie en vriende, onder nierpasiente, die mediese span en 'n sielkundige bestoan 'n vernome rol om die egpoar met oanpassing te help. Uiteindelik blyk dit moonttik te wees vir egpare om hulle huwetiksverhouding in stand te hou, of setfs konstruktief te herstruktureer, asook groter huwelikstevredenheid te ervoar, ondanks die bedreiging von eindstadiumnierversaking. Meeste egpore ervoar die moeilike tydperk dan ook met 'n verdieping in hulle huwelik- en geloofslewe. / Psychonephrology is the study of psychological factors which are evident in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). ESRD is regarded as a life-threatening disease, which shortens the life-expectancy of a patient if he does not receive treatment. ESRD can be divided into three stages: the pre-dialysis, dialysis and transplant stages. These stages are signified by differences in medical treatment methods. None of these leads to a cure but all alle.viate symptoms of the uremic syndrome, increase the life-expectancy of the patient and are supposed to improve his quality of life. Depression and anxiety are general symptoms found in end-stage renal patients. The reasons for this are the patient's psychological reaction to renal disease, dialysis and/or transplant. Patients must also endure the side effects of medical treatment. Adjustment in vocational and social functioning is also evident. ESRD not only has a psycho social impact on the patient but also affects the healthy spouse. This is why most married couples together experience the impact of ESRD in their marital and family life. For optimal adjustment to ESRD couples need to master certain adaptational tasks, such as treating ESRD as a shared problem, adopt the roles of patient and caregiver, manage the various needs of closeness and distance between patient and caregiver and change of career roles, as well as effectively communicating with each other and the medical team, and instrumentally and emotionally support eac~ other in order to maintain the marital bonds. The results of this investigation show that marital variables, such as a decrease in recreation and sexuality and role equality, are important to ease the adjustment to ESRD. It was also found that religion has an important adaptational function for the married couples. A support system of family, friends, other renal patients, the medical team and a psychologist are also important to aid the couples' adjustment. Lastly it should be possible for renal couples to maintain, or even to positively reconstruct their marital relationship, and to experience marital satisfaction in the face of the threat of ESRD. Apparently most couples experience this ordeal as a time of intensification of their married and spiritual life. / Psychology / D.Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:51:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Heloisa.pdf: 2170174 bytes, checksum: 2bfc288b3275ca9c47744c29021e21c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research seeks to reflect on the exploitation of personal narratives in the contemporary theatre scene as a possibility to generate confrontation between reality and fiction in the context of staging. The paper has been divided into two parts. The first part was structured from theoretical formulations which ponder on the concept of reality in the context of postmodern society and aims to reflect about the strategies and motivations that gave birth to different forms of exploitation of the real in the contemporary theatre scene and how personal narratives interact in this process. It ponder also on the possible developments that the use of autobiographies on the stage generate in order to cause tension between reality and fiction at the time of the performance event. The second part will present the work of the Argentinian puppeteer Sergio Mercurio, the Colombian group Mapa Teatro and a spectacle born of a partnership between the actress Janaina Leite, the musician Fepa, and the theatre director Luiz Fernando Marques, all Brazilians. The aim of the second part is to the works of these artistes taking into account the assumptions indicated in the first part. I am seeking to understand how these works, which explore the use of autobiographies, generate tension between reality and fiction and what performing strategies they use in their attempts to portray the private field of the personal narratives of the artistes, with questions that also concern the social field / A presente pesquisa busca refletir sobre a exploração de narrativas pessoais na cena teatral contemporânea como possibilidade de gerar confronto entre realidade e ficção no âmbito na encenação. O trabalho está organizado em duas partes: a primeira parte foi estruturada a partir de formulações teóricas que ponderam acerca da concepção do real no contexto da sociedade pós-moderna e visa refletir sobre as estratégias e motivações que fizeram com que despontassem diferentes formas de exploração do real na cena teatral contemporânea e como as narrativas pessoais interagem nesse processo. Pondera, ainda, acerca dos possíveis desdobramentos que o uso de autobiografias em cena geram no intuito de provocar tensão entre realidade e ficção no instante do acontecimento cênico. Na segunda parte serão apresentadas análises de trabalhos do bonequeiro argentino Sergio Mercurio; do grupo colombiano Mapa Teatro e de um espetáculo nascido da parceria entre a atriz Janaina Leite, o músico Fepa e o diretor teatral Luiz Fernando Marques, três brasileiros. O foco da segunda parte é realizar uma análise que leva em consideração os pressupostos assinalados na primeira parte. Busco compreender em que medida estes trabalhos, que exploram o uso de autobiografias, geram tensão entre realidade e ficção e quais estratégias cênicas utilizam no intento de articular o campo privado, pessoal dos artistas, com indagações que concernem ao campo social

abstract: The immigration process changes personal narratives and professional trajectories and challenges identities and individual beliefs. Yet there is currently limited research on European women immigrants' transitions in the United States. This study examines personal and professional trajectories, in the United States, of Eastern European immigrant (EEI) women with prior educational attainment in their country of origin. This study examines the following issues: personal/social learning, developmental and professional experiences prior to and post migration, and social lives after the women's arrival in the United States. The study discusses the results of in-depth interviews with eight EEI women living in Arizona and California and recounts these women's life stories, gathered through open-ended questions that focused on areas of their personal and professional lives, such as childhood, marriage, immigration, education, family relations, socio-economic status, employment, child- rearing, and other significant life events. These areas impacted the women's creation of personal beliefs and their ability to develop new identities in the United States. The study examines EEI women's identity constructions within their life trajectory narratives. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Educational Psychology 2014

Orientador: Bela Feldman-Bianco / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T20:25:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Azevedo_DesireedeLemos_M.pdf: 8773082 bytes, checksum: e093668f8f42235c0a46f3afa818fed6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: A presente dissertação tem como tema as narrativas de exilados brasileiros, que se na República Popular de Moçambique, a partir de sua independência, em 1975, até meados da década de 1980. As memórias de suas trajetórias, de seus trajetos de deslocamento e dos processos sociais, nos quais consideram ter se envolvido, foram reconstruídas em histórias orais. A partir delas, procuro iluminar as categorias e premissas presentes na leitura comum do passado, que observei entre os entrevistados. De acordo com essa abordagem, procuro descrever seus múltiplos deslocamentos internacionais, a rede de conexões e relações sociais que os possibilitaram, bem como os pressupostos sobre os quais se sustentaram. Defendo que suas percepções sobre estas questões passam pela identificação de um pertencimento pretérito a um campo social e simbólico transnacional, forjado pelo conflito político da Guerra Fria / Abstract: This thesis investigates the narratives of Brazilian exiles, who became "cooperative of the revolution" in People's Republic of Mozambique, from its independence, in 1975, until the mid 1980s. The memories of their trajectories, their routes of dislocation and the social processes, in which they believe they have been involved, have been rebuilt in oral histories. I try to illuminate the categories and assumptions that are present in their common view of the past, that I beheld among the interviewees. In accordance with this approach, I describe its multiple international displacements, the network of connections and social relations, which allowed them, as well as the assumptions that support them. I believe that their perceptions about these issues are connected to the identification of their past belonging in a social and symbolic transnational field, built by political conflict of the Cold War / Mestrado / Antropologia Social / Mestre em Antropologia Social

Orientador: Maria Lygia Quartim de Moraes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T03:43:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_PabloAugusto_M.pdf: 882543 bytes, checksum: 8dffa4b5e16f321374f88b76ace65eb8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Este trabalho é uma análise de obras autobiográficas de indivíduos que tiveram uma experiência traumática com a realidade, vivenciada nas instituições carcerárias do Brasil contemporâneo (1970-2000). Há nestas narrativas, enquanto exercícios de rememoração, uma grande riqueza que nos permite compreender a trajetória social de indivíduos que sofreram a experiência - única - do trauma. O encarceramento como o centro de suas vidas, o evento que no bem e no mal marcou toda a sua existência. Esse novo modo de fazer literatura - que pode ser chamado de literatura carcerária e/ou das prisões - emerge nos anos 1980, ganhando visibilidade principalmente no início dos anos 1990. Atualmente, vem tendo êxito no mercado editorial, despertando e dividindo o interesse da crítica cultural pelo tema. Portadoras de um teor testemunhal - como as obras de escritores que tratam da experiência judaica nos campos de concentração (Lagers) durante a 11 Guerra Mundial, e de escritores latino-americanos que narram a violência sofrida durante as ditaduras nos anos 1950/60/70 -, tais autobiografias são, antes de tudo, o testemunho do Sobrevivente da Era da Catástrofe, como pode ser resumido o breve século xx / Abstract: This work consists of an analysis of auto-biographical accounts written by individuais who have undergone traumatic experiences with reality in correctional facilities in contemporary Brazil (1970-2000). These accounts, as exercises in recollection, contain a great wealth of material and enable us to better understand the social history of individuais who have undergone a unique experience of trauma. The trauma, in this case, is the experience of imprisonment as the center of their lives, the event that, for better or for worse, marked their entire existence. This new mode of literary production - known as prison literature - arose in the 1980s and took on greater visibility in the early 1990s. It has been successful on the editorial market and aroused the interest of cultural critics of the topic. It has also been the object of some controversy. These autobiographies are similar to the writings of Jews who described their experiences in concentration camps (Lagers) during World War 11, and like a number of Latin-American writers who described the violence they were subjected to during the dictatorships of the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. Above ali else, the accounts are the testimony of Survivors of the Era of Catastrophe, as the brief 20th century might be called. / Mestrado / Sociologia / Mestre em Sociologia

Orientador: Cassiano Sydow Quilici / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T08:34:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lessa_SandraUrizzi_M.pdf: 2182508 bytes, checksum: 442a203afdefdccd9404370cdf663249 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa tem por finalidade analisar a produção da experiência por meio da narração, perpassando os temas da ficção e da realidade, as formas de atuação do atornarrador; e alguns dos modos de lidar com o tema dentro do universo da arte contemporânea. Propondo que o narrador também possa estar em que ouve, descrevo alguns experimentos práticos onde pude me colocar na ação de ouvir, experimentando-a como uma intervenção artística. Por fim, penso na possibilidade de uma reinvenção de um narrador que esteja sensível as questões do contemporâneo, enquanto uma perspectiva crítica de seu tempo. Dentro dessa proposta, experimento a possibilidade de estudar um ator-mediador. Os principais pensadores que ancoram esta pesquisa são Walter Benjamin, Jeanne-Marie Gagnebin e Luís Alberto de Abreu. Como referências artísticas, apoio-me em criações do Núcleo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Teatrais LUME, e no coletivo de arte alemão Rimini Protokoll / Abstract: This research aims to analyze the production experience through the narrative, passing the subjects of fiction and reality, ways of acting of the actor-narrator, and some of the ways to deal with the issue within the realm of contemporary art. Suggesting that the narrator can also be heard that, I describe some practical experiments to put me where I could hear the action, experiencing it as an artistic intervention. Finally, think about the possibility of a reinvention of a narrator who is sensitive to the contemporary issues, while a critical perspective of their time. Within this proposed experiment to study the possibility of an actor-mediator. The leading thinkers of this research are that anchor Walter Benjamin, Jeanne-Marie Gagnebin and Luis Alberto de Abreu. As artistic references, support me in creations of the Interdisciplinary Research LUME Theatre, and the german art collective Rimini Protokoll / Mestrado / Teatro, Dança e Performance / Mestra em Artes da Cena