The goal for physical education (PE) is for all young people to learn to value a physically active life. Young people enjoy PE, yet there are those who lack motivation in PE. According to previous studies there is a lack of research about the learning environment in PE and how it affects students’ motivation and sense of meaningfulness. The purpose of this study was to highlight middle school students’ perspectives and attitudes of their learning environment. Three focus groups, with students from three different classes, at the age of 15, with a mix of both girls and boys, were interviewed. By using qualitative content analysis and applying the sociocultural perspective to the result, this study shows that depending on the physical environment students experience PE as limiting or developing. The students also prefer more variation when it comes to the curriculum and that the grades are important for their motivation. The relation to classmates and teacher were also seen as important to create a safe class environment. In conclusion the students’ express that the learning environment can make a difference to how they perceive and experience PE and has a strong connection to their motivation and sense of meaningfulness.

The purpose of this study was to facilitate self-discovery of strengths of women who were homeless and trauma-exposed. Using an emancipatory feminist and existential phenomenological qualitative research design, seventeen women participated in facilitative dialogs exploring perceptions of strength. The dialogue focused on three aspects of strength: characteristics, strategies, and barriers. The participants’ words were represented within global themes of strength: balance, protection, and dangerous environments. Results suggest women who are houseless and abused find ways to remain strong as evidenced in their stories. Findings support strength-based discovery, patient engagement, and partnering as a health intervention with vulnerable women.

No description available.

Criminal justice professionals like probation and parole officers draw from psychologists, social workers, and other mental health treatment providers to improve offender outcomes. The value of mental health interventions for offenders has been well documented in the literature. However, the values, roles and responsibilities, and goals for offender outcomes may differ for these professional groups. Probation and parole officers prioritize safety through the specific mechanisms of deterrence, control, punishment, and restoration. Officers meet these goals by some combination of law enforcement and case management roles. Mental health treatment providers, in contrast, are concerned with the individual offender’s perspectives, values, and needs, and reducing symptoms or behaviors associated with criminal activity. Providers’ roles are often defined by their background and training. However, in rural areas where specialized providers are less available, professional roles may become blurred. Given the differences between the criminal justice and mental health professions, the quality of these interprofessional relationships is an area ripe for study. This qualitative study examines the experiences of mental health professionals providing services to offenders in a rural area of south-central Appalachia. Participants (N= 38) include professionals from the fields of psychology, psychiatry, counseling, and social work. Services provided by these individuals include, but are not restricted to, forensic evaluation, adult and juvenile offender treatment (i.e., sex offender treatment, anger management, substance abuse treatment, and domestic violence counseling), prosocial psychoeducation, and traditional psychotherapy with offenders. Providers from multiple agencies participated in individual or focus group interviews and completed a pre-interview questionnaire about their training background, services provided, and caseload. This exploratory study uses thematic analysis to identify important themes and subthemes related to the following aims: to identify characteristics of interprofessional interactions and partnerships between rural community treatment providers and agents of the criminal justice system, as perceived by treatment providers, to examine if interprofessional partnerships reflect best practice competencies identified in healthcare research (i.e., values and ethics, roles and responsibilities, interprofessional communication, and teams and teamwork), and to establish the impact of interprofessional partnerships on offenders’ success in rural communities. Future directions, including the examination of perceptions of probation and parole officers and other risk management agents, will be discussed.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate teachers' perspectives regarding the social validity of the Positive Behavior Support (PBS) model implemented at a middle school and a junior high school. Qualitative data were collected through teacher focus groups and categorized then analyzed in order to summarize teachers' opinions regarding PBS and its' effectiveness. Both qualitative and quantitative results revealed that teachers perceived evidence of social validity in the areas of social appropriateness and social importance of effects. Four factors were also identified as the most influential areas to influence the success of PBS implementation. These included (a) administrative support, (b) consistency and clear expectations, (c) school culture, and (d) social skills and lesson plans. Results regarding social importance and teachers' perceptions of overall effectiveness of PBS showed a lack of conclusive data. Overall outcomes suggest that PBS is perceived by teachers as satisfying two of the three conditions for social validity.

Bakgrund: Hjärtsvikt är en fatal sjukdom och innebär hjärtats oförmåga att möta kroppens metabola behov på grund av en inadekvat hjärtminutvolym. Då sjukdomen innebär en tilltagande symtombörda desto längre tiden går, rekommenderas en samtidig vård med palliativ inriktning. Målet med vårdformen är att förbättra livskvaliteten för att kunna leva så gott som möjligt. Syfte: Att ur ett patientperspektiv belysa aspekter som påverkar uppfattningen av den palliativa vården hos patienter med hjärtsvikt. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt med ett systematiskt tillvägagångssätt har genomförts med ändamålet att sammanställa och redovisa kunskapsläget inom det utvalda området. Resultat: Två kategorier identifierades, kunskapsaspekter och känslomässiga aspekter. Inom kunskapsaspekter identifierades det att patienter hade en bristande kunskap gällande hjärtsvikt men även gällande innebörden av palliativ vård. Inom kategorin känslomässiga aspekter betonade patienterna att känslan av att hopp fanns var av vikt för välmåendet. Patienter uttryckte att de såg på livets slutskede som något besvärligt och att inte veta när döden skulle komma orsakade stor ångest. Gällande döendet hade patienter genomfört praktiska planer såsom testamentering, men de hade inte uttryckt önskemål och preferenser inför vård i livets slutskede. Att få möjligheten att vårdas i hemmet bidrog till en känsla av trygghet för patienterna, men i motsats kunde det även upplevs otryggt. En anledning var att personalen inte visste hur hjärtsvikt skulle hanteras, vilket kunde föranleda sjukhusvistelser. Slutsats: Att drabbas av en hjärtsvikt var omvälvande för patienten. Utifrån var patienten befinner sig i bearbetningsprocessen var denne mer eller mindre mottaglig för information. Detta påverkade i sin tur hur patienten ställde sig till palliativ vård. / Background: Heart Failure is a fatal disease and describes the heart's disability to counter the body’s requirement because of an inadequate cardiac output. The disease amounts to a high level of symptoms, and because of it palliative care is recommended early in the process. The goal is to improve quality of life so that the patient can live as well as possible. Aim: Was to, from a patient perspective, highlight aspects that influence heart failure patients’ perceptions regarding palliative care. Method: A general literature review with a systematic approach has been carried out with the aim of compiling and reporting the state of knowledge within the selected area. Results: Two categories were identified, aspects of knowledge and emotional aspects. Within aspects of knowledge, it was identified that patients had a lack of knowledge regarding heart failure but also regarding the meaning of palliative care. Within the category of emotional aspects, patients emphasized that the feeling of hope was important for their well-being. Patients expressed that they saw the end of life as something difficult. Regarding dying, patients had carried out practical plans such as writing a will, but they had not expressed wishes and preferences for end-of-life care. Having the opportunity to be cared for at home contributed to a feeling of security for the patients. Receiving care at home contributed to the patient not going to the hospital as often. However, being cared for at home could not completely relieve the anxiety. There was a lack of knowledge among the staff regarding how heart failure should be handled and treated. Conclusion: Suffering from heart failure was upsetting for the patient. Depending on where the patient was in the processing process, they were more or less receptive to information. This in turn influenced how the patient approached palliative care.

Background: In the multicultural Sweden, meetings between nurses and patients who do not speak the same language take place daily. Previous research shows that in this type of meeting, challenging situations can arise that can negatively affect the patient's health and create insecurity. Language barriers make it difficult for the patient to participate in their own care because the patients are unable to express their need for care. The use of body language and interpreters can facilitate communication, but difficulties may arise. Aim: To describe nurses' experiences of caring for patients who do not have a common language with the nurses. Method: Qualitative literature study with descriptive synthesis, based on 11 scientific articles. Results: The study resulted in two themes “Challenges in care” and “Strategies in care” where nurses described that well-functioning communication was the basis for safe and secure care and experienced challenges and difficulties when common language with patients was lacking. Nurses used different approaches to communicate with and understand patients' needs for care. Conclusion: Language barriers were considered to be a factor that limited the opportunities for a caring relationship between nurses and patients. Communication difficulties affected the ability of nurses to provide good and safe care, however, language barriers could be eased with the help of strategies and the use of interpreters.

[pt] O sofrimento é um fenômeno universal. Desde a Grécia Antiga, a humanidade depara-se com situações de dor, adversidades e luto e questiona-se acerca da relação entre o mal e a ação de Deus no mundo. A filosofia e a teologia tentam dar conta da incompatibilidade entre os atributos divinos e a existência do mal até os dias atuais. A recente pandemia da Covid-19 reacendeu os debates sobre Deus e o sofrimento humano, impulsionando a Igreja a se posicionar em uma sociedade acometida por perdas e sequelas. Deste modo, o presente estudo concentra-se no contexto batista brasileiro atual, analisando as justificativas teológicas para o sofrimento nas comunidades e seus impactos na fé e prática eclesial. Neste sentido, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, são analisadas sucintamente as transformações nas concepções sobre sofrimento a partir da Reforma Protestante, sobretudo em Lutero; a gênese e configurações da Igreja Batista no Brasil; as perspectivas no cenário atual, averiguando-se as influências das doutrinas neopentecostais e calvinistas na denominação. Por fim, é realizada uma pesquisa em profundidade com pastores e membros de diferentes igrejas batistas para analisar suas ressignificações para o sofrimento e as implicações em suas experiências religiosas. O trabalho evidencia a configuração teológica plural da Igreja Batista, resultado da autonomia das igrejas locais, bem como de uma denominação orientada por princípios e não de uma doutrina específica. Tal pluralidade manifesta-se também na diversidade de ressignificações para o sofrimento nas congregações. Apesar disto, percebe-se uma unidade na confiança em Deus mesmo nas adversidades e na empatia para com os que sofrem. / [en] Suffering is a universal phenomenon. Since Ancient Greece, humanity has faced situations of pain, adversity and mourning and has questioned itself about the relationship between evil and God s action in the world. Philosophy and theology attempt to account for the incompatibility between divine attributes and the existence of evil until nowadays. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has reignited debates about God and human suffering, spurring the Church to position itself in a society beset by losses and sequelae. Thus, the present study focuses on the current Brazilian Baptist context, analyzing the theological justifications for suffering in local communities and their impacts on ecclesial faith and practice. In this sense, through a bibliographic review, this work concisely approaches the transformations in the conceptions of suffering from the Protestant Reformation, especially in Luther; the genesis and configurations of the Baptist church in Brazil; theological perspectives in the current scenario, verifying the influences of Neopentecostal and Calvinist doctrines in the denomination. Finally, in-depth research is carried out with pastors and members of different Baptist churches to analyze their resignifications of suffering and its implications in their religious experiences. The study highlights the plural theological configuration of the Baptist church, which is a consequence of the autonomy of local churches and of the fact that this denomination is oriented by principles, not by a specific doctrine. Such plurality is also manifested in the diversity of resignifications for suffering in the congregations. Despite this, Baptists show a sense of a unity in trusting God even in adversity and in their empathy for those who suffer.

Nyhetsrapporteringen av brott och dess inverkan på läsarnas rädsla för brott har i årtionden studerats som ett socialt problem. Dessa studier indikerar på en relation mellan exponeringen av brottsnyheter och uppkomsten av rädsla för brott. Däremot är forskningen gällande brottsrapportering begränsad och lämnar utrymme för frågor gällande hur bristen på information i porträtteringen av brottsnyheter påverkar rädslan för brott bland läsarna. Denna studie undersöker hur presentationen av brottsnyheter gällande mängden information som tilldelas läsaren ser ut och hur denna rapportering påverkar rädslan för brott bland läsarna. Urvalet för studien består av 900 brottsartiklar, publicerade i två lokaltidningar i Skåne, Sverige. Genom innehållsanalys studeras artiklarna utifrån de teoretiska perspektiven kontrollokus, tillskrivning av ansvar och nedåtriktad jämförelse. Resultaten visar att både information gällande kontexten av en brottshandling samt information gällande egenskaper hos offer och gärningsperson sällan porträtteras i brottsartiklar. Resultatet visar också på att frånvaron av denna information kan påverka läsarnas rädsla för brott. Det antyds att detta beror på upplevelsen av bristen att själv kontrollera brottshändelser samt en bristande förmåga att kunna avgöra sin egen risk för utsatthet för brott. Avslutningsvis föreslås utbildning av journalister i författande metoder som kan minskar risken för rädsla för brott bland läsarna. / The influence of crime news coverage on fear of crime in the audience has for decades been evaluated as a social problem. Indicating a relationship of exposure to crime news and the emergence of fear of crime. However, the research on crime news coverage is limited, and questions remain about how the lack of information in the portrayal of crime in newspaper influences fear of crime among the audience. This study examines the presentation of crime news in newspapers regarding the amount of information provided to the reader, and the influence of this coverage on fear of crime among the readers. The sample consist of 900 crime news articles published in two local newspapers in Skåne, Sweden, and were content analyzed based on previous research, and on theoretical perspectives of Locus of control, Assignment of responsibility, and Downward comparison. The results show that both information regarding the context of the crime incident, and information regarding the characteristics of the victim and offender are rarely portrayed in the crime news. The results also imply that the absence of information, provide in the newspapers, may influence fear of crime among the readers. This is suggested to be due to the lack of ability to control crime events, and to evaluate one´s own risk for victimization. Finally, this study suggests educating newspaper journalist in public health method, which might lead to a decreased risk for fear of crime among the audience.

The end of life discussions can often be difficult for a multitude of reasons. Our culture is pervasive with ideas of mortality, and that medicine can avert this human constant. Medicine, as a field, must embrace our limitations so that we can engage in honest discussions with the families and the patients regarding the end of life care.