Orientador: Pedro José Winterstein / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T13:33:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mattos_BrunoJosede_M.pdf: 836831 bytes, checksum: 49bd482fd9b15fb65cbd8d96642b9c69 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram compreender e refletir sobre o serviço de atenção psicológica prestado por um psicólogo, que se orientou pelos pressupostos da Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa, numa equipe de futebol durante os períodos de preparação e disputa da Copa São Paulo de Futebol Júnior. O referencial teórico utilizado foi o da Psicologia Humanista de Carl Ransom Rogers, a Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa. O presente estudo aplicou-se num Clube de Futebol do Estado de São Paulo, que disputou uma das edições da Copa São Paulo de Futebol Júnior. Participaram da pesquisa os jogadores e a comissão técnica da equipe. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa e o seu caminhar metodológico se deu pela abordagem fenomenológica. Utilizou-se a técnica da Narrativa para relatar as vivências psicológicas dos participantes. O proponente inseriu-se na condição de Observador Participante, uma vez que foi o psicólogo do time de futebol e também pesquisador. Justifica-se a importância deste estudo pela possibilidade que os leitores terão de conhecer o que é vivenciado dentro de um ambiente esportivo de alto rendimento, tão fechado e peculiar; dessa forma poderão discutir com mais propriedade sobre o papel da atenção psicológica no Esporte. Nos resultados foram apresentados os relatos dos atendimentos psicológicos prestados, a compreensão e reflexão do pesquisador por cada um deles, as suas percepções e os seus sentimentos diante dos fenômenos que surgiam. Foi salutar refletir na discussão dos resultados que o encontro da Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa e o Esporte exigem um novo paradigma ao olhar o atleta. A pessoa atleta não é um ser acabado; determinado pelo meio; ou passível de rótulo, fruto de perfis psicológicos. A melhor forma de ajudar a pessoa atleta é promover o seu desenvolvimento global. A pessoa atleta é autodeterminada, tem potencial para se autocompreender, é consciente e livre. Sua opinião deve ser valorizada na periodização da equipe / Abstract: The objectives of this research were to understand and reflect on the psychological care service provided by a psychologist, who was guided by the assumptions of the Person Centered Approach, a soccer team during the periods of preparation and the Copa São Paulo de Futebol Júnior. This theoretical framework was the humanistic psychology of Carl Ransom Rogers, the Person Centered Approach. This study applied a Football Club of São Paulo, who played one of the editions of the Copa São Paulo de Futebol Júnior. Study participants included the players and technical team. The research is a qualitative methodology and its walk was because of the phenomenological approach. We used the technique of narrative to relate the psychological experiences of the participants. The bidder was part of the status of observer participant, since the psychologist was on the football team and also a researcher. Justifies the importance of studying the possibility that readers need to know what is experienced within a sports environment for high yield, so close and peculiar, so they can discuss in more property on the role of psychological attention in Sports. Results were presented in the reports of psychological care provided, the researcher's understanding and reflection by each of them, their perceptions and their feelings about the phenomena that arose. It was salutary to reflect the discussion results of the meeting of the Person Centered Approach and Sport require a new paradigm to look at the athlete. The person being an athlete is not finished; determined by using, or likely to label the result of psychological profiles. The best way to help the individual athlete is promoting its global development. The athlete is self-determined person, has the potential to they understand themselves, is conscious and free. His opinion should be valued in the strategic planning of the team / Mestrado / Educação Fisica e Sociedade / Mestre em Educação Física

Le thème de l’affectivité parcourt l’œuvre de Sartre de part en part, de son premier essai de psychologie phénoménologique à sa dernière biographie existentielle. Le but de nos recherches est de dévoiler la tension qui se joue, au cœur de cette thématique, entre une liberté revendiquée et une passivité intrusive. Nous avons entrepris cette étude selon une démarche génétique et chronologique circonscrite en trois cadres de travail qui, au sein du projet sartrien global d’investigation de la réalité-humaine, sont à chaque fois axés sur une méthode particulière de compréhension de l’individu. Nous envisageons d’abord sa psychologie phénoménologique, soit les premiers pas de Sartre en philosophie, puis son ontologie phénoménologique, pour terminer par la mise en application de sa psychanalyse existentielle dans ses biographies. D’un cadre à l’autre, Sartre reprend, complète, fonde, abandonne, modifie ou encore infléchit ses conceptions de l’émotion, de la spontanéité, de la captivité, du psychique, de la passivité, des rapports affectifs avec autrui, de l’affectivité originelle, de l’aliénation. Au cours des textes se déploie une philosophie qui pense toujours plus profondément l’affectivité humaine :partant d’une conscience spontanée sans passé, sans histoire, sans contrainte, en commerce usuel avec un monde aux qualités affectives préexistantes, passant par une conscience maîtresse absolue d’elle-même dans les limites que se donne sa liberté, captivée au sein d’un libre projet qui scelle son destin affectif, Sartre aboutit à une émotivité aliénée, intériorisée par un individu enraciné dans un monde où il se fait être ce qu’on a fait de lui. <p> / Doctorat en Philosophie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

社區安寧療護的推展以「居家存有」為中心，以身心整體照顧為導向的醫療，與全然「醫療權力」視角不同。本研究嘗試探討家屬照顧者於居家安寧照顧處境下的經驗，嘗試以「倫理關係」思考居家型的照顧內涵。 本研究透過田野參與觀察及深度訪談法，以北部某醫療院所提供之社區安寧療護服務區域為田野，訪談接受社區安寧照護之五位家屬主要照顧者。資料分析依現象學心理學分析方法（李維倫、賴憶嫺，2009）。而後，邀請兩名受訪者，對資料的組織脈絡描述及其所驅動的主題置身結構，予以交叉討論與分享，提昇質性研究可靠度的品質。 研究結果發現，鄉村型態安寧照顧者的置身經驗中，呈現出一種「鄉村型態的寓居」混合狀態，既安居又陌生的處境。一方面，參與者經驗到的棲居地域，並不侷限於家屋建築或特定地域，更是對地方的認同與情感的依附，從而開展自我「寓居於世」的「照顧者棲居」樣態；另一方面，照顧事件的衝擊，為照顧者帶來一種既熟悉又陌生的詭譎「無居家感」（uncanny）狀態。然而，如此看似矛盾處境，反使其於居家照顧處境之倫理凝視中，啟動反身窺探自我生命，以及於居家照顧處境中與他者間關係的梳理，進一步帶出「居家照顧作為一倫理行動」，進而深刻化「照顧自己/關切他人」的倫理意涵。 由此發現，鄉村型態居家照顧經驗之置身結構，可為與其相似處境之居家照顧者提供置身經驗之參考，並據以推動社區安寧方案的規劃。 / The goal of the home-based palliative care model is to facilitate the patients and their family to feel “being at home.” Differ from the perspective of the “power domination in medical regime,” the home-based palliative care model focuses on the ethical relationship besides the bio-psycho-social care aspects. This study aims to understand the caring situatedness of family members as caregivers in home-based palliative care model, and try to disclose the sense of homelikeness through the caring relationship. We applied the participatory observation and depth interview to collect data. Five family caregivers who agreed the informed consent were recruited from home-based palliative care service in northern Taiwan and were interviewed twice. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by a phenomenological psychology method. The results revealed that there is ambivalent caring experience towards “dwelling in the community-home”. The experiences they felt seemed both strange and familiar. On the one hand, the caregivers’ dwelling pattern of being-in-the-world was constructed from the perspective of human-environment comfortable relationship (sense of feeling at home); on the other hand, they are bothered and struck by the caring problem, they faced the new challenges and thrown into the situation of “uncanny.” It is an unhomelike being-in-the-world in which Da-sein takes on alien and uncanny qualities. However, the two caring modes manifested the meaning of existentiality. Immersed in this situation, caring is not only the labor work, it is also the ethical act to respond the worrisome emotion and regain the relationships with others during the caring experiences. Ethical caring is the cornerstone of relational understanding towards the human subjectivity rather than the medical positivism. By elaborating the situatedness of home-based palliative care model, further planning of the community-based palliative care model in similar situation may base on this study outcome implication.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:08:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 suely santos.pdf: 1890183 bytes, checksum: f79780e2ec4600c84458378e632d21fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-15 / The present research deals with the experience of being ex wife as a relevant subjective phenomenon, expressed in the actual reality of human being, although, yet, careless by appropriate comprehensive studies about its meaning in the contemporaneous world. The existential phenomenological methodology by the way of the narrative was chosen to conduct a Clinical Psychology research, taking into account that such mode of research may present a fertile theoretical and analytical path to guide toward the comprehensive sense of the experience of being ex wife for the contemporaneous women. A sociopsychodramatical workshop was taken as the clinical interventive modality to facilitate the narrative as expression. The subjects/narrators were six women that, after lived an interrupted conjugal relationship, presented various situations and expressions of the experience of being ex wife. The methodology reveals itself capable of promoting the conditions of the elaboration of experience, possibilited by the expressed care of listening/saying toward the experience of being ex wife, such as the considerative articulation of the opening it as the proper being-in-the world of the human being. In this way, this psychological clinical research emphasizes its interventive and interpretative character. The comprehension of the spoken and dramatical forms of the obtained narrative pointed to a possible felt meaning for the experience of being ex wife: to embody her own project for existing as a care of being-herself-with-others / Esta pesquisa enfoca como fenômeno subjetivo, expresso na realidade atual do ser humano, a experiência de ser ex- esposa, relevante mas ainda carente de estudos compreensivos pertinentes quanto à sua significação no mundo contemporâneo. A escolha em realizar uma pesquisa em Psicologia Clínica, recorrendo à metodologia fenomenológica existencial via a narrativa, aconteceu, por entender que esse modo de pesquisar pode apresentar-se como um caminho de grande fertilidade teórica e mordência analítica para a compreensão do sentido vivido pela mulher contemporânea na experiência de ser ex-esposa. A oficina sociopsicodramática foi a modalidade de intervenção/investigação clínica escolhida para a-colher a narrativa. As sujeitos/narradoras foram seis mulheres que, após uma relação conjugal interrompida, apresentavam variadas situações e expressões da experiência de ser ex-esposa. A própria metodologia revelou-se capaz de promover as condições de elaboração dessa experiência, à medida que possibilitou a presença do cuidar do escutar/dizer da experiência de ser ex-esposa na contemporaneidade, bem como a articulação considerativa com o desvelar do próprio ser-no-mundo do humano. Nesse sentido, destaca-se o caráter interventivo e interpretativo desta pesquisa clínica psicológica. A compreensão das formas falada e dramática de narrativa colhida apontou para um possível significado sentido para a experiência de ser ex-esposa: encarnar o seu projeto de existir como cuidado de ser-si-mesma-com-os-outros

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:08:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 leilane_almeida_paixao.pdf: 33649161 bytes, checksum: d25b4624ee24bb94f1d6f019d1a80091 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-20 / The present study aimed to understand how the suffering resulting from violence in intimate-affective relationships between men and women is revealed, at a police station dedicated to crimes against women. In this work, we tried to think of violence as related to a malaise in contemporary times, glimpsed by the advent of modern technology and its implications for Dasein, in its ways of thinking and being in the world. Therefore, we developed a qualitative study based on Heideggerian existential phenomenological perspective. As strategies for action, there were three months of participant observation in the Delegacia Especializada em Atendimento à Mulher (Specialized Precinct to Assistance of Women - DEAM) in Recife - PE, as well as narratives of ethnographic interviews with 05 employees : 03 women and 02 men. The content of logbooks of the researcher, produced during the observations, as well as the narratives of employees, were understood in the light of Critelli's Analytical Sense (1996). Experiences observed in the field and brought to the narratives indicate crystallized meanings in the ways of being-with-others, which feature in daily routine of DEAM through jealousy scenes and complaints, feelings of ownership and control, attempts to restrict other person's possibility of being, rigidity in the gender binary positions. Utilitarian relationships predominate in these ways of being-with, in which the other person seems to be set up as a tool to be used to some benefit. Conceptions about violence dipped in impersonal void are revealed, still in this context, ruled by the lack of thought and by preformatted social values which sometimes naturalize violence as the only possibility of being-with-others in conflict situations. In this context, the precinct is convened to, by law, adopt punitive, repressive and protective measures, seeking to placate ignorance and dull the pain. However, it is observed that, often, the law cannot cope with such violence that is spreading, as well as shield people from suffering. We conclude that it becomes increasingly important to discuss, from a meditating thought, the intensification of violence and helplessness in contemporaneity, occasioned by the nihilistic implications of modern technology. Moreover, to the extent that the sociocultural context seems to point to a trivialization of human suffering, it is crucial to think a way to care of women and men in situations of violence, from a clinical action that does not let stereotypes captured by binary "victim versus aggressor", "guilty versus innocent", "male versus female", but encompassing the human whole, considering this historical moment of its unveiling of being. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender o modo como se desvela o sofrimento, decorrente da violência nas relações íntimo-afetivas entre homens e mulheres, numa delegacia da mulher. Nesse trabalho, buscou-se pensar a violência relacionada a um mal-estar na contemporaneidade, vislumbrado pelo advento da técnica moderna e suas implicações para o Dasein, em seus modos de pensar, ser e estar no mundo. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um estudo qualitativo, baseado na perspectiva fenomenológica existencial heideggeriana. Como estratégias de ação, foram realizados três meses de observação participante na Delegacia Especializada em Atendimento à Mulher (DEAM) de Recife-PE, bem como entrevistas narrativas de cunho etnográfico com 05 colaboradores: 03 mulheres e 02 homens. O conteúdo dos diários de bordo da pesquisadora, produzidos durante as observações, bem como as narrativas dos colaboradores, foram compreendidos à luz da Analítica do Sentido de Critelli (1996). As experiências observadas em campo e trazidas a partir das narrativas apontam para sentidos cristalizados nos modos de ser-com-o-outro, que se apresentam no cotidiano da DEAM através de cenas e queixas de ciúmes, sentimentos de posse, controle, tentativas de restrição do poder-ser do outro, rigidez nas posições binárias de gênero. Predominam nestes modos de ser-com, relações utilitárias em que o outro parece se configurar como instrumento a ser utilizado para algum benefício. Desvelam-se, ainda, nesse contexto, concepções sobre a violência mergulhadas no vazio impessoal, pautadas na falta de reflexão e em valores sociais pré-formatados que, por vezes, naturalizam a violência como única possibilidade de ser-com-o-outro em situações de conflito. Nesse contexto, a delegacia passa a ser convocada para que, através da lei, sejam adotadas medidas punitivas, repressivas e protetivas, na busca de aplacar a ignorância e amortecer a dor. Contudo, observa-se que, muitas vezes, a lei não consegue dar conta dessa violência que se alastra, tampouco de amparar o sofrimento das pessoas. Conclui-se que se faz cada vez mais importante problematizar, a partir de um pensamento que medita, a intensificação da violência e do desamparo na contemporaneidade, ensejada pelas implicações niilizantes da técnica moderna. Além disso, na medida em que o contexto sociocultural parece apontar para uma banalização do sofrimento humano, torna-se crucial pensar o acolhimento às mulheres e aos homens em situação de violência, a partir de uma ação clínica que não se deixe capturar pelos estereótipos binários vítima versus agressor , culpado versus inocente , masculino versus feminino ; mas que abarque o humano, considerando esse seu momento histórico de desvelamento do ser.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This study is an interpretative phenomenological analysis that explored the meanings homeowners associated with their lived experience of foreclosure. In the wake of the 2006 housing crash and 2008 Great Recession, questions have been posed about the continued efficacy of homeownership as an asset-based strategy. In addition, the conversation has been dominated by traditional economic and business interests. Discussions about housing policy and foreclosure response have marginalized the voice of vulnerable populations. The literature on housing policy reflects a positivist perspective that privileges analysis of unit production, economic costs and benefits. Secondary attention is given to exploring housing and foreclosure from a critical and constructivist standpoint. Consequently, this study intentionally engaged people who have experienced foreclosure. Depth and meaning were uncovered through interpretative phenomenological analysis. A purposive sample of five homeowners who experienced foreclosure was identified. The five homeowners participated in semi-structured interview. Transcribed interviews were analyzed using the six-step process articulated for interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA). IPA combines three philosophical foundations—phenomenology, hermeneutics, and idiography—to approach qualitative and experiential research. The findings of this study discovered that foreclosure represents disconnection for the participants. Specifically, due to experiencing foreclosure, participants felt separated from their self-identity, from housing finance literacy, from their relationship with their mortgage lender and servicers, from the benefits of homeownership and from self-sufficiency due to their social service-based, helping-based, and/or low-wage employment. Study findings both affirm and challenge relevant theoretical frameworks. In addition, this research underscores the need for social work education to address financial literacy. Further, social work practitioners should be prepared to either provide or refer consumers to home-buyer education and training. Social workers should also challenge exploitative consumer practices and offer empowering alternatives in their place. Lastly, this research offers strategies and practices to strengthen housing policy and foreclosure response for the benefit of consumers.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valdemar Donizeti.pdf: 875191 bytes, checksum: 5e58d297ab7aabcbb231e27939dd96d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-14 / The history of the psychologist's profession, gets confused with this professional's own insert in the field of the attention to the public health and their eventualities. However, still an estrangement prevails between the psychologists' formation in the University and the reality of the public net of health. This situation is also reflected in the shortage of studies regarding the formation in psychology in public health. PUC-Campinas owns one of the pioneering experiences, dated of 1986, in the psychologists' formation in the basic attention, for performance in the Unique System of Health (SUS). This research has intended to apprehend the trainees' in Psychology in Health/Clinic s experiences in activities developed as participants of teams of health of the family in the municipal district of Campinas, validating them in the daily dialogue with the researcher. Six senior students of the degree level in Psychology of PUC-Campinas inserted in two groups of the apprenticeship with activities supervised in two Centers of Health-school located in Northwest area of the town. The attendance of the trainees experiencies by the researcher has began with the ingress on the field expressed in this study in ethnographic manner up to the composition of the data of the research that were produced in two moments: a) Diary of Versions of Sense - weekly registration of subjective synthesis individualy acomplished by six trainees; b) individual interviews, partly structured made by the researcher with each trainee. The depositions and diaries of sense versions were qualitatively analyzed starting from a phenomenological reading. The researcher s phenomenological interpretation enabled an interlocution with similar applications found in data basis. From the meaning analysis of the trainees experiences it was possible to infer: a) the formation of the trainee in a field as public health is first felt as something totally unknown, lived with surprise and a certain embarrassment concerned to the inexperience for the work in team of health of the family; b) on the other hand there is the rapid development of an empathy with the public health field, due to a rewarding living with the technicians team, enabling the birth of affective boundings and of a belonging feeling concerned to the health team; c) really feeling like a psychologist comes from the apprenticeship lived in the team meetings, on the exercise of a clinical practice centered in the collective knowledge and interdisciplinary - denominated enlarged clinic; d) as significant elements, facilitators of professional development are pointed out the home visit, the systematic meeting of the team, the professionals and users diversity, the situations lived in the territory; e) feelings of frustration and displeasure were expressed as resultant of troubles living due to the complexity of some cases, and of the lack of adhesion concerned to clinical attendance offered. This phenomenological view about the formation in service, having the experience of the own trainee as the investigation object translates the intention of the focus on social responsibility of the higher education institutions concerned to the commitment of qualifying professionals to act in the reality of the Brazilian society / A hist?ria da profiss?o do psic?logo, confunde-se com a pr?pria inser??o deste profissional no campo da aten??o ? sa?de p?blica e suas vicissitudes. No entanto, ainda prevalece um distanciamento entre a forma??o de psic?logos na Universidade e a realidade da rede p?blica de sa?de. Esta situa??o tamb?m se reflete na escassez de estudos a respeito da forma??o em psicologia em sa?de p?blica. A PUC-Campinas possui uma das experi?ncias pioneiras, datada de 1986, na forma??o de psic?logos na aten??o b?sica, para atua??o no Sistema ?nico de Sa?de (SUS). Esta pesquisa objetivou apreender as viv?ncias de estagi?rios da ?rea de Psicologia na Sa?de/Cl?nica em atividades desenvolvidas como participantes de equipes de sa?de da fam?lia no munic?pio de Campinas, significando-as no di?logo cotidiano com o pesquisador. Participaram da pesquisa seis estagi?rios do ?ltimo ano do Curso de Gradua??o em Psicologia da PUCCampinas, inseridos em dois grupos de est?gio com atividades supervisionadas em dois Centros de Sa?de-Escola, localizados na regi?o Noroeste do munic?pio. O acompanhamento das viv?ncias dos estagi?rios pelo pesquisador iniciou-se com a entrada no campo, expressa neste estudo de maneira etnogr?fica, at? a composi??o dos dados da pesquisa que foram produzidos em dois momentos: a) Di?rio de Vers?es de Sentido registro semanal de s?nteses subjetivas efetivadas individualmente pelos seis estagi?rios; b) entrevistas individuais, semi estruturadas realizadas pelo pesquisador com cada estagi?rio. Os depoimentos e di?rios de vers?es de sentido foram analisados qualitativamente a partir de uma leitura fenomenol?gica. A interpreta??o fenomenol?gica do pesquisador acerca destes dados possibilitou uma interlocu??o com estudos semelhantes encontrados em bases de dados. A partir da an?lise dos significados das viv?ncias dos estagi?rios foi poss?vel concluir: a) a forma??o do estagi?rio num campo como o da sa?de p?blica ? sentido inicialmente como algo totalmente desconhecido, vivenciado com surpresa e um certo embara?o em rela??o ? inexperi?ncia percebida para este tipo de trabalho em equipe de sa?de da fam?lia; b) por outro lado, desenvolve-se rapidamente uma empatia com o campo da sa?de p?blica, em virtude de uma viv?ncia gratificante com a equipe de t?cnicos, possibilitando a forma??o de v?nculo afetivos e de um sentimento de pertin?ncia ? equipe de sa?de; c) sentir-se realmente como um psic?logo decorre da aprendizagem vivida no cotidiano das reuni?es de equipe, no exerc?cio de uma pr?tica cl?nica centrada no saber coletivo e interdisciplinar denominada cl?nica ampliada; d) como elementos significativos, facilitadores do desenvolvimento profissional, destacaram-se: a visita domiciliar, a reuni?o sistem?tica da equipe, a diversidade de profissionais e de usu?rios, as situa??es vividas no territ?rio; e) sentimentos de frustra??o e descontentamento foram expressos como decorrentes da viv?ncia de dificuldades face ? complexidade de alguns casos, e ? falta de ades?o dos pacientes em rela??o aos atendimentos cl?nicos disponibilizados. Esta leitura fenomenol?gica acerca da forma??o em servi?o, tendo como objeto de investiga??o a viv?ncia do pr?prio estagi?rio, traduz a inten??o de colocar em foco a responsabilidade social das institui??es de ensino superior em rela??o ao compromisso de capacitar profissionais para atuar na realidade da sociedade brasileira

La thèse interroge le sens et la portée de l’historicité de l’existence à partir de l’œuvre de Dilthey et de sa lecture par Heidegger :qu’est-ce qu’être historique et quelles sont les conséquences d’une telle historicité pour la pensée philosophique ?L’approche diltheyenne d’une telle question repose sur une « psychologie concrète » qui en tentant de saisir la vie dans sa Faktizität s’engage sur la voie d’une anthropologie historique. L’interrogation psychologique et historique de Dilthey est radicalisée par Heidegger, qui reprend la question de l’historicité à partir de son enracinement dans l’« être » de l’existence, c’est-à-dire également à l’horizon d’une pensée renouvelée de la temporalité. Cette dernière conduit au seuil d’une conception de l’« événementialité » de la vie qui, tout en rompant avec Dilthey, permet de réviser les grands thèmes de ce dernier. Le travail de recherche se penche notamment sur le passage d’une herméneutique philosophique à une philosophie herméneutique intégrant l’historicité de l’existence jusque dans la dimension première du sens. Est également examiné le réinvestissement, par cette herméneutique repensée à l’aune d’un concept radicalisé d’historicité, de certains thèmes et concepts de l’herméneutique diltheyenne. La question de savoir comment la philosophie doit assumer sa propre historicité peut dès lors être reprise. Tandis que Dilthey répond à la mise en cause de la possibilité de la métaphysique par l’histoire à travers l’élaboration d’une doctrine de la vision du monde, Heidegger procède à une radicalisation transcendantale du concept d’histoire – cette dernière étant toutefois appelée à être renversée au bénéfice de l’événement.<p><p>The Dissertation investigates the historicity of existence, its meaning and impact, from Wilhelm Dilthey’s Works and Heidegger’s reading of it: What does being historical mean, and what are the consequences of this historicity on philosophical thought? Dilthey’s approach to this problem is based on a “concrete psychology” which, by developing the implications of the facticity of life, leads to an historical anthropology. Heidegger radicalizes this psychological and historical Diltheyan questioning by reconsidering the problem of historicity from the point of view of the “being” of existence, which also involves a renewed conception of temporality. The latter leads to the threshold of a conception of life as “eventiality” which means both a break with Dilthey and the possibility of taking over an improved version of Dilthey’s major issues. The research examines in particular the transition from a philosophical hermeneutics to a hermeneutic philosophy based on the acknowledgment of the radical historicity of life. Heidegger’s appropriation of Diltheyan themes and concepts in the context of this transition is analyzed in a detailed manner. Finally, the question is raised how philosophy has to deal with its historicity. Dilthey’s response to the historical undermining of the very possibility of metaphysics consists in the development of a doctrine of worldviews. Heidegger carries out a transcendental radicalization of the concept of history – the latter however being soon anew reversed for the benefit of the “event”.<p> / Doctorat en Philosophie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral cartografar a experiência de usuários de crack no município de Recife. Este estudo foi desenvolvid o nos CAPSad e Instituto RAID. Os entrevistados foram usuários de crack do sexo masculino e feminino, com idade a partir dos 18 anos, que estavam em tratamento em decorrência desta substância nas instituições acima citadas durante a coleta de dados. Em cada CAPSad, foi entrevistado um usuário de crack indicado pela equipe técnica que tivesse uma boa organização nas ideias para descrever a sua experiência com o crack, e que se disponibilizou a contribuir com a pesquisa através de entrevista semi-estruturadas. No Instituto RAID foram entrevistados seis usuários escolhidos pelos mesmos critérios. A pesquisa desenvolvida foi qualitativa de inspiração fenomenológica pautada no pensamento de Husserl e no método proposto por A. Giorgi. Este método inclui, basicamente, os seguintes passos: O sentido do todo, a partir da leitura do depoimento do sujeito; Discriminação do depoimento em Unidades de Significados; Compreensão psicológica de cada Unidade de Significado; Síntese de cada depoimento expressa como estrutura da experiência; e a Composição de uma síntese geral que apresenta a essência do fenômeno para todos os sujeitos investigados. A identificação dessas Unidades de Significado nas experiências dos usuários apontou aspectos diversos sobre o tema tais como: A experiência de ser dependente do crack; o que levou os usuários a consumirem essa substância; qual o significado do crack na vida desses usuários; quais as sensações vividas no consumo desta droga; o prazer da morte pela pedra; a culpa sentida por ceder à compulsão; as perdas diante da pedra; a família como fator importante na busca por um tratamento; o crack e a violência; as dificuldades e sucessos no tratamento; o estigma do usuário de crack e o descontrole vivenciado por alguns usuários. Diante da complexidade das questões trazidas nas experiências dos usuários entrevistados, grandes desafios estão postos para as equipes que trabalham no tratamento dos usuários de crack. Torna-se fundamental uma reflexão contínua sobre essa prática / This research had as its main aim to portrait crack-cocaine users experience in the city of Recife. Subjects were crack-cocaine users, males and females, from 18 years old, undertaking treatment at drug addiction health services in Recife (CAPSad and Instituto RAID) during data collection. One subject from each CAPSad (06 in a whole) was interviewed and 06 subjects from Instituto RAID were interviewed. All designated by the health professional teams and with organized thoughts to describe their crack-cocaine use experiences, as well as with willingness to respond to a semi-structured interview. The research was qualitative with phenomenological background inspired by Husserls theory and Giorgis method. Basically, this method includes these steps: 1) reading the entire description of one subject in order to get a sense of the whole; 2) reading through the data a second time and marking those places in the description where a transition in meaning occurred from a psychological perspective (the meanings between transitions are called meaning units); 3) reading all of the meaning units and interrogating them from what they reveal about the phenomenon of interest, in this case, the crack-cocaine use experience, in order to grasp the relevance of the subjects own words for the phenomenon of using crack-cocaine in as direct a manner as possible (this step is called the transformation of the subjects lived experience into direct psychological expression); 4) presenting a situated or general structure of the experience (synthesis of each report expressed as structure of experience); and, 5) comprehending the general synthesis which represents the essence of the phenomenon to all subjects investigated. The identification of crack-cocaine users experience in meaning units pointed out to several themes such as: the experience of being a crack-cocaine user; what took them to use this drug; the meaning of crack-cocaine in their lives; crack-cocaine use sensations; crack-cocaine death pleasure; compulsion guiltiness; losses related to the drug; family as an important factor to seek treatment; crack-cocaine and violence; treatment challenges; crack-cocaine use stigma; and, loss of control experienced by users. These complex issues expressed by research subjects set great challenges to health professional teams treating crack-cocaine users and draw attention to the need of permanent reflection of their practices