O sucesso de tratamento de câncer depende do seu diagnóstico e tratamento nas etapas iniciais da doença. Isso estimula a busca de novos métodos de diagnóstico e de tratamento sensíveis e tecnicamente simples. Entre esses métodos, o diagnóstico por fluorescência (DPF) e a fotoquimioterapia (FQT) atraem uma atenção especial, sendo não invasivos, sensíveis e fácil de usar. Os fotossensibilizadores (FS) atualmente utilizados em DPF e FQT são corantes orgânicos, os quais possuem algumas desvantagens, tais como instabilidade fotoquímica e baixa seletividade. Os pontos quânticos (PQ) são candidatos promissores para substituírem os FS clássicos por serem fotoestáveis, apresentarem amplo e intenso espectro de absorção óptica e luminescência com alto rendimento quântico. Contudo a iteração entre FS clássicos e os PQ pode aumentar a eficiência de ambos devido a transferência de energia entre eles. O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi estudar os processos da interação de FS orgânicos (as porfirinas PPh, TMPyP e TPPS4) com PQs (CdTe e CdSe/ZnS), funcionalizados com diferentes grupos, em solução aquosa e na presença de modelos nano-organizados de estruturas biológicas com a finalidade de avaliar seu potencial para aplicação em Fotoquimioterapia e Diagnóstico por Fluorescência. Dedicamos especial atenção aos processos de transferência de energia e de carga entre os PQs e os FS. Os PQs interagem efetivamente com as PPh, cuja interação se manifesta pelas mudanças da intensidade e do perfil dos espectros e das curvas de decaimento da luminescência de PQ e da porfirina, do tamanho das partículas espalhadoras na solução, do potencial zeta dentre outros parâmetros espectroscópicos e físico-químicos. Dentro das soluções aquosas homogêneas, o PQ e as PPh podem formar agregados mistos (PQ&PPh&PQ) ou simples (PQ&PPh) e a interação entre eles realiza-se através de mecanismos de curto e/ou longo alcance, dependendo do grupo funcional do PQ. Entretanto, a interação eletrostática repulsiva entre o PQ e outro composto pode estimular a desagregação dos PQs induzindo o aumento na intensidade da sua luminescência e do seu tempo de vida, provocando um aumento na contribuição dos tempos longos do decaimento da luminescência associados com a superfície do PQ. Essas relações entre o tipo de interação do PQ e da PPh podem ser extrapoladas aos sistemas que contêm PQ na presença de estruturas nano-organizadas. / The success of cancer treatment depends on the diagnosis and treatment in the early stages of the disease. This stimulates the research for new methods of sensitive diagnosis and technically simple treatment. Among these methods, the Optical Bioimaging by fluorescence (OBI) and Photochemotherapy (PCT) attract special attention, being non-invasive, sensitive and friendly use. The photosensitizers (PS) currently used in the OBI-PCT are organic dyes, which have some drawbacks such as photochemical instability and low selectivity. Quantum Dots (QD) are promising candidates to replace the classic PS being photostable, present broad and intensive spectrum of optical absorption and luminescence and, high quantum yield. Therefore the interaction between QDPS and the classic PS can increase the efficiency of both due to energy transfer between them. The aim of this work was to study the processes of organic PS interaction (porphyrins PPh, TMPyP and TPPS4) with QDs (CdTe and CdSe/ZnS), functionalized with different groups in aqueous solution and in the presence of nano-organized models of biological structures with order to evaluate its potential for use in Photochemotherapy and Optical Bioimaging. We devote special attention to energy transfer processes and cargo between the QDs and PS. The QDs effectively interact with PPh, whose interaction is manifested by changes in the intensity and profile of spectra and luminescence decay curves of QD and the porphyrin, the linear size of the scattering particles in the solution, the zeta potential among other spectroscopic and physical chemistry parameters. Within the homogeneous aqueous solutions, QD and Pph can form mixed aggregates (QD&PPh&QD) or simple (QD&PPh) and the interaction between them is carried out through short mechanisms and/or long range, depending on the functional group of the QD. However, the repulsive electrostatic interaction between the QD and another compound may stimulate the breakdown of QDs inducing the increase in the intensity of their luminescence and its lifetime, causing an increase in the contribution of long time decay of the luminescence associated with the surface of QD. These relationships between the type of interaction of the QD and PPh can be extrapolated to systems containing QD in the presence of nano-organized structures.

Nous évaluons des films polymères poreux structurés en tant que nouveaux supports pour des photosensibilisateurs de l’oxygène singulet. L’objectif de cette association est l’obtention de matériaux photo-actifs à grande surface d’échange. Ces surfaces polymères, structurées ici en nid d’abeille, sont obtenues par la technique « breath figure » (trad. figure de souffle), à partir de polymères bien définis synthétisés par polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée par des nitroxydes (NMP), par transfert d’atome (ATRP) et par transfert réversible par addition/fragmentation (RAFT). Le photosensibilisateur rose Bengale a été greffé de manière covalente au polymère, soit par post-greffage sur un polymère précurseur, soit par modification d’un monomère fonctionnel puis copolymérisation de ce dernier avec du styrène. Ces différentes synthèses conduisent à des films contenant différents taux de rose Bengale. Les films ont été examinés en microscopie (fluorescence, confocale et champ large, électronique à balayage) afin d’établir la structuration des films et la localisation des espèces fluorescentes. L’efficacité des films polymères pour la photo-oxydation a été testée à l’interface liquide/solide en suivant par spectroscopie UV-visible la dégradation du dihydroxynaphtalène (DHN) ou de l’α-terpinène par l’oxygène singulet produit sous irradiation visible. Les films structurés sont environ cinq fois plus efficaces que les films non-poreux de même composition utilisés dans les mêmes conditions, ce qui s’explique par leur surface spécifique et par la localisation préférentielle du rose Bengale à la surface du matériau. / We evaluate structured porous polymer films as new substrates for photosensitizers of singlet oxygen, with a view to obtaining photo-active materials with high specific exchange areas. Here, honeycomb polymer films are obtained by the breath figure process, using well defined polymers synthesized by nitroxide-controlled radical polymerization (NMP), atom transfer polymerization (ATRP) and reversible addition/fragmentation transfer (RAFT). The photosensitizer, rose Bengal, is either post-grafted covalently to the polymer precursor, or pre-grafted to a monomer functional unit which is copolymerized with polystyrene. These syntheses lead to films with different rose Bengal concentrations. We determine the structure of the films and the location of the fluorescent dye by scanning electron microscopy and widefield and confocal microscopy. Efficiency of production of singlet oxygen was tested at a solid/liquid interface by monitoring the oxidation of dihydroxynaphthalene and α-terpinene, using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. Honeycomb films are about five times more efficient than non-porous films of the same composition used in the same, as may be explained by their higher specific surface area and the preferential location of the photosensitizer at the film surface.

Dans ce manuscrit, la synthèse et la caractérisation complète de différents matériaux hybrides dédiés à des applications dans le domaine optique ou thérapeutique sont décrites. Dans un premier temps, des systèmes macroscopiquement ordonnés sont obtenus par intercalation de colorants tels que le Styryl 722 ou la pyronine-Y dans plusieurs films à base d’argile de type smectite. Les films d’argile sont élaborés par spin-coating et les colorants intercalés par immersion des films dans les solutions de ces colorants. Les effets de l’argile sur les propriétés des colorants sont analysés en détail et leur orientation préférentielle dans l’espace inter-couches est étudié grâce à la réponse anisotropique des films en lumière linéairement polarisée. Dans la deuxième partie, la synthèse par chimie sol-gel de monolithes de silice de grande dimension contenant des colorants laser présentant une forte absorption et une émission de fluorescence dans le visible est abordée. Des colorants laser à l’état solide (SSDL) avec de bonnes stabilités photochimique, thermique et chimique sont ainsi proposés. Dans le troisième chapitre, la synthèse par voie sol-gel de nanoparticules de silice (NP) d’environ 50 nm de diamètre fonctionnalisées sur leur surface externe est ensuite décrite. Grâce à l’encapsulation de molécules de colorants fluorescents dans leur cœur et le greffage de photosensibilisateurs sur leur écorce, des nanoparticules biocompatibles adaptées à la bio-imagerie et la thérapie photodynamique (PDT) ont été préparées. Pour optimiser leurs performances, les propriétés photophysiques et plus particulièrement la production d’oxygène singulet d’une nouvelle série de photosensibilisateurs basés sur les chromophores de type PODIPY ont d’abord été étudiées en détail. A partir de ces résultats, des BODIPY particulièrement efficaces ont été greffés sur les nanoparticules de silice afin de les utiliser pour la PDT. Les propriétés photophysiques de ces matériaux ont été analysées par spectroscopie d’absorption et de fluorescence (stationnaire ou résolue en temps) et les rendements quantiques de production d’oxygène singulet déterminés par des méthodes directe (émission de luminescence de l’oxygène singulet à 1270 nm) ou indirecte (utilisation de sondes chimiques spécifiques à l’oxygène singulet). Par ailleurs les matériaux hybrides ont été complètement caractérisés par plusieurs techniques (SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, IR, DLS, BET). / Along this manuscript different hybrid materials are synthesized and extensively characterized for several uses: from optical to therapeutic applications. First, by the intercalation of different dyes, styryl 722 and pyronine-Y into several smectite clay films, macroscopically ordered system are obtained. Clay films are elaborated by spin-coating technique and the dyes are intercalated by the immersion of clay thin films into dye solutions. The effect of clay on the dye properties is deeply analyzed and its preferential orientation in the interlayer space of the clay is studied by the anisotropic response of the films to the linear polarized light. Second, large silica monoliths with embedded laser dyes with strong absorption and fluorescence bands in different region of the Visible spectrum are attained by sol-gel chemistry to obtain solid-state dye laser (SSDL) with good photo, thermal and chemical stabilities. Third, silica nanoparticles (NP) with suitable size (50 nm) and functionalized external surface are also synthesised by sol-gel chemistry. Through the encapsulation of fluorescent dye molecules in their core and by the grafting of photosensitizers on their shell, biocompatible nanoparticles for bio-imaging and Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) applications are prepared. In order to optimize their properties, a careful investigation of the photophysical properties and mainly the singlet oxygen generation of a large range of new photosensitizers based on chromophores known as BODIPYs, is previously carried out. Based on these results, some efficient BODIPYs are selected for grafting on silica nanoparticles in order to use them for PDT. The photophysical properties of all these hybrid materials are analyzed by absorption and fluorescence (steady-state and time correlated) spectroscopies, and the singlet oxygen measurements are monitored by direct method (recording the singlet oxygen luminescence at 1270 nm) and by indirect method (using selective chemical probe). Moreover, the hybrid materials are fully characterized by several techniques such as, SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, IR, DLS, BET.

No description available.

O sucesso de tratamento de câncer depende do seu diagnóstico e tratamento nas etapas iniciais da doença. Isso estimula a busca de novos métodos de diagnóstico e de tratamento sensíveis e tecnicamente simples. Entre esses métodos, o diagnóstico por fluorescência (DPF) e a fotoquimioterapia (FQT) atraem uma atenção especial, sendo não invasivos, sensíveis e fácil de usar. Os fotossensibilizadores (FS) atualmente utilizados em DPF e FQT são corantes orgânicos, os quais possuem algumas desvantagens, tais como instabilidade fotoquímica e baixa seletividade. Os pontos quânticos (PQ) são candidatos promissores para substituírem os FS clássicos por serem fotoestáveis, apresentarem amplo e intenso espectro de absorção óptica e luminescência com alto rendimento quântico. Contudo a iteração entre FS clássicos e os PQ pode aumentar a eficiência de ambos devido a transferência de energia entre eles. O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi estudar os processos da interação de FS orgânicos (as porfirinas PPh, TMPyP e TPPS4) com PQs (CdTe e CdSe/ZnS), funcionalizados com diferentes grupos, em solução aquosa e na presença de modelos nano-organizados de estruturas biológicas com a finalidade de avaliar seu potencial para aplicação em Fotoquimioterapia e Diagnóstico por Fluorescência. Dedicamos especial atenção aos processos de transferência de energia e de carga entre os PQs e os FS. Os PQs interagem efetivamente com as PPh, cuja interação se manifesta pelas mudanças da intensidade e do perfil dos espectros e das curvas de decaimento da luminescência de PQ e da porfirina, do tamanho das partículas espalhadoras na solução, do potencial zeta dentre outros parâmetros espectroscópicos e físico-químicos. Dentro das soluções aquosas homogêneas, o PQ e as PPh podem formar agregados mistos (PQ&PPh&PQ) ou simples (PQ&PPh) e a interação entre eles realiza-se através de mecanismos de curto e/ou longo alcance, dependendo do grupo funcional do PQ. Entretanto, a interação eletrostática repulsiva entre o PQ e outro composto pode estimular a desagregação dos PQs induzindo o aumento na intensidade da sua luminescência e do seu tempo de vida, provocando um aumento na contribuição dos tempos longos do decaimento da luminescência associados com a superfície do PQ. Essas relações entre o tipo de interação do PQ e da PPh podem ser extrapoladas aos sistemas que contêm PQ na presença de estruturas nano-organizadas. / The success of cancer treatment depends on the diagnosis and treatment in the early stages of the disease. This stimulates the research for new methods of sensitive diagnosis and technically simple treatment. Among these methods, the Optical Bioimaging by fluorescence (OBI) and Photochemotherapy (PCT) attract special attention, being non-invasive, sensitive and friendly use. The photosensitizers (PS) currently used in the OBI-PCT are organic dyes, which have some drawbacks such as photochemical instability and low selectivity. Quantum Dots (QD) are promising candidates to replace the classic PS being photostable, present broad and intensive spectrum of optical absorption and luminescence and, high quantum yield. Therefore the interaction between QDPS and the classic PS can increase the efficiency of both due to energy transfer between them. The aim of this work was to study the processes of organic PS interaction (porphyrins PPh, TMPyP and TPPS4) with QDs (CdTe and CdSe/ZnS), functionalized with different groups in aqueous solution and in the presence of nano-organized models of biological structures with order to evaluate its potential for use in Photochemotherapy and Optical Bioimaging. We devote special attention to energy transfer processes and cargo between the QDs and PS. The QDs effectively interact with PPh, whose interaction is manifested by changes in the intensity and profile of spectra and luminescence decay curves of QD and the porphyrin, the linear size of the scattering particles in the solution, the zeta potential among other spectroscopic and physical chemistry parameters. Within the homogeneous aqueous solutions, QD and Pph can form mixed aggregates (QD&PPh&QD) or simple (QD&PPh) and the interaction between them is carried out through short mechanisms and/or long range, depending on the functional group of the QD. However, the repulsive electrostatic interaction between the QD and another compound may stimulate the breakdown of QDs inducing the increase in the intensity of their luminescence and its lifetime, causing an increase in the contribution of long time decay of the luminescence associated with the surface of QD. These relationships between the type of interaction of the QD and PPh can be extrapolated to systems containing QD in the presence of nano-organized structures.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir para o conhecimento, entendimento e desenvolvimento das células solares sensibilizadas por corantes. Assim foram abordadas rotas sintéticas com o fim de obter novas espécies supramoleculares constituídos por fragmentos que apresentam separadamente ótimas propriedades eletrônicas e eletroquímicas. A abordagem sintética feita é muito importante dado que dá as bases para sistemas supramoleculares como o apresentado nas perspectivas, nos quais estase visando diminuir os processos de recombinação e melhor aproveitamento do espectro solar através da estabilização do corante foto-oxidado e da transferência vetorial de elétron/energia. Na série de complexos apresentada e aplicada no presente trabalho realizou-se um estudo comparativo buscando determinar qual é o melhor sistema de injeção de elétrons na banda de condução do TiO2, obtendo uma diferença considerável entre os sistemas estudados, sendo assim o sistema com o ligante acido 2,2 -bipiridine-4,4 -dicarboxilico o complexo que melhor injeta elétrons na BC. / The present work aims to contribute to the knowledge, understanding and development of solar cells sensitized by dyes. Thus, synthetic routes were approached in order to obtain new supramolecular species constituted by fragments that separately present excellent electronic and electrochemical properties. The synthetic approach is very important since it provides the basis for supramolecular systems such as that presented in the perspectives, in which stasis is aimed at decreasing the processes of recombination and better utilization of the solar spectrum through the stabilization of the photo-oxidized dye and the vectorial transfer of electron /energy. In the series of complexes presented and applied in the present work, a comparative study was carried out to determine which is the best electron injection system in the conduction band of TiO2, obtaining a considerable difference between the studied systems, being thus the complex with the ligand 2,2 -Bipyridine-4,4 -dicarboxylic acid the best system that injects electrons into BC.

No description available.

[ES] El espectro de la luz solar está compuesto por una amplia gama de radiaciones electromagnéticas las cuales tienen diferentes impactos sobre la vida en la tierra. Entre ellas, las pertenecientes a la región ultravioleta toman un papel principal cuando nos referimos a la fotobiología, ya que pueden interactuar con las biomoléculas por medio de procesos tanto directos como fotosensibilizados. Como resultado, estas biomoléculas pueden sufrir modificaciones que no siempre tienen efectos beneficiosos. En este contexto, los daños fotoinducidos al ADN son de gran relevancia ya que están estrechamente relacionados con la creciente incidencia de cáncer de piel. Por ello, es necesario investigar tanto los mecanismos involucrados en dichos procesos como el desarrollo de nuevas estrategias para combatirlos. En la presente tesis se da respuesta a estas necesidades mediante el desarrollo y empleo de grupos protectores fotolábiles (PPG). En una primera parte se avanza en el desarrollo de nuevos PPG basados en filtros solares. Estos ofrecen la ventaja de actuar, una vez liberados, como un escudo protector frente a la radiación ultravioleta. En este contexto, en el Capítulo 3 se profundiza en las propiedades fotofísicas y fotoquímicas de los sistemas formados por la avobenzona como PPG de ácidos carboxílicos, más concretamente del ketoprofeno (KP) y del naproxeno (NPX). En este estudio se analiza por medio de modelado molecular y técnicas espectroscópicas la influencia que tiene la energía relativa del triplete de la avobenzona en su forma dicetónica, 3AB(K)*, respecto a la de los compuestos protegidos en el proceso de liberación. Siguiendo en esta misma línea de trabajo, en el Capítulo 4 se ha desarrollado un nuevo PPG capaz de liberar el filtro solar oxibenzona (OB) junto con compuestos carbonílicos. En una segunda parte, el foco de atención se ha puesto en el concepto de "Caballo de Troya", el cual establece que ciertas lesiones del ADN pueden actuar a su vez como fotosensibilizadores endógenos generando así nuevas lesiones en su entorno. En este contexto, en el Capítulo 5 se han estudiado, mediante métodos tanto experimentales como teóricos, las propiedades fotosensibilizantes de dos de los daños oxidativos del ADN, el 5-formiluracilo (ForU) y la 5-formilcitosina (ForC), poniendo especial énfasis en la capacidad de estos para poblar sus estados tripletes, así como de inducir la formación fotosensibilizada de dímeros ciclobutánicos de pirimidina (CPD). Por último, en el Capítulo 6 se ha desarrollado una nueva alternativa sintética para la incorporación del ForU en oligonucleótidos. Debido a la inestabilidad del grupo aldehído, esta síntesis se lleva a cabo generalmente mediante la incorporación de un precursor el cual es posteriormente convertido en el ForU mediante la acción de un agente oxidante. Por el contrario, en la nueva alternativa planteada el aldehído es protegido con un PPG, de manera que una vez insertado en el ODN, el aldehído es liberado de forma selectiva mediante el empleo de luz. Este trabajo supone un avance en el estudio de las propiedades fotosensibilizantes del ForU ofreciendo una nueva herramienta para la evaluación de las mismas en un entorno más cercano al del ADN. / [CA] L'espectre de la llum solar està compost per una àmplia gamma de radiacions electromagnètiques les quals tenen diferents impactes sobre la vida en la terra. Entre elles, les pertanyents a la regió ultraviolada prenen un paper principal quan ens referim a la fotobiologia, ja que poden interactuar amb les biomolècules per mitjà de processos tant directes com fotosensibilitzats. Com a resultat, aquestes biomolècules poden patir modificacions que no sempre tenen efectes beneficiosos. En este context, els danys fotoinduits a l'ADN són de gran rellevància ja que estan estretament relacionats amb la creixent incidència de càncer de pell. Per això, és necessari tant d'investigar els mecanismes involucrats en els processos com el desenvolupament de noves estratègies per a combatre'ls. En la present tesi es dóna resposta a aquestes necessitats per mitjà del desenvolupament i ús de grups protectors fotolàbils (PPG). En una primera part s'avança en el desenvolupament de nous PPG basats en filtres solars. Estos ofereixen l'avantatge d'actuar, una vegada alliberats, com un escut protector enfront de la radiació ultraviolada. En este context, en el capítol 3 s'aprofundeix en les propietats fotofísiques i fotoquímiques dels sistemes formats per l'avobenzona com PPG d'àcids carboxílics, més concretament del ketoprofé (KP) i del naproxé (NPX). En este estudi s'analitza per mitjà de modelatge molecular i tècniques espectroscòpiques la influència que té en el procés d'alliberament l'energia relativa del triplet de l'avobenzona en la seua forma dicetònica, 3AB(K)*, respecte a la dels compostos protegits. En esta mateixa línia de treball, en el capítol 4 s'ha desenvolupat un nou PPG capaç d'alliberar el filtre solar oxibenzona (OB) junt amb compostos carbonílics. En una segona part, el focus d'atenció s'ha posat en el concepte de "Cavall de Troia", el qual estableix que certes lesions de l'ADN poden actuar al seu torn com fotosensibilitzadors endògens generant així noves lesions en el seu entorn. En este context, en el capítol 5 s'han estudiat, per mitjà de mètodes tant experimentals com teòrics, les propietats fotosensibilitzants de dos dels danys oxidatius de l'ADN, el 5-formiluracil (ForU) i la 5-formilcitosina (ForC), posant especial èmfasi tant en la capacitat d'estos per a poblar els seus estats triplet, com d'induir la formació fotosensibilitzada de dímers ciclobutànics de pirimidina (CPD). Finalment, en el capítol 6 s'ha desenvolupat una nova alternativa sintètica per a la incorporació del ForU en oligonucleòtids. A causa de la inestabilitat del grup aldehid, esta síntesi es duu a terme generalment per mitjà de la incorporació d'un precursor el qual és posteriorment convertit en el ForU per mitjà de l'acció d'un agent oxidant. Al contrari, en la nova alternativa plantejada l'aldehid és protegit amb un PPG, de manera que una vegada inserit en l'oligonucleòtid, l'aldehid és alliberat de forma selectiva per mitjà de l'ús de llum. Este treball suposa un avanç en l'estudi de les propietats fotosensibilitzants del ForU i ofereix una nova ferramenta per a l'avaluació de les mateixes en un entorn més pròxim al de l'ADN. / [EN] The solar spectrum is composed of a wide range of electromagnetic radiations which have different impacts on life on earth. Among them, those belonging to the ultraviolet region are of utmost importance when we refer to photobiology, since they can interact with biomolecules through both direct and photosensitized processes. As a result, these biomolecules can undergo modifications that do not always have beneficial effects. In this context, photoinduced DNA damage is of great relevance as it is closely related to the increasing incidence of skin cancer. Therefore, it is necessary both to investigate the mechanisms involved in these processes and to develop new strategies to avoid them. In this Thesis these issues have been addressed through the development and use of photolabile protecting groups (PPG). The first part of this Thesis involves the development of new PPG based on solar filters. Once released, these PPG offer the advantage of acting as ultraviolet shields. In this context, Chapter 3 looks into the photophysical and photochemical properties of those systems formed by avobenzone as PPG of carboxylic acids, more specifically ketoprofen (KP) and naproxen (NPX). In this study, the influence on the photorelease process of the relative energetic location of the avobenzone triplet manifold in its diketo form, 3AB(K)*, with respect to that of its caged compound, is duly analyzed by means of molecular modeling and spectroscopic techniques. Following this same line of work, a new PPG capable of releasing oxybenzone (OB) solar filter along with carbonyl compounds has been developed in Chapter 4. The second part of this Thesis focuses on the "Trojan Horse" concept, which establishes that certain DNA lesions can act as endogenous photosensitizers, thus generating new lesions in their neighborhood. In this context, in Chapter 5 the photosensitizing properties of two oxidatively generated DNA damages, namely 5-formyluracil (ForU) and 5-formylcytosine (ForC), have been studied by means of experimental and theoretical approaches. Here, special emphasis has been placed on unraveling their capacity to photoinduce the formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD). Finally, in Chapter 6 a new synthetic alternative for the incorporation of ForU into oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) has been developed. Due to the instability of the aldehyde group, this synthesis is generally carried out by incorporating a precursor which is subsequently converted into ForU by the action of an oxidative agent. On the contrary, in the new approach, the aldehyde is protected with a PPG, so that once inserted into the ODN, the aldehyde is selectively released through the use of light. This work entails a step forward in the study of the photosensitizing properties of ForU, offering a new tool for their evaluation within the DNA environment. / Lineros Rosa, M. (2021). Photoremovable protecting groups for carbonyl compounds of biological interest [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/167764 / TESIS

No description available.

No description available.