In 1929, the Scientific Crime Detection Laboratory was established in Chicago–the first of its kind in the United States. The purpose was to engage in practical use of scientific methods in the detection of crime. In 1930, the institute published its own periodical called The American Journal of Police Science. Applying the theory of boundary-work, this essay analyses how the novelty institute argued its legitimacy as a scientific establishment through the expansion of Police Science as a collective field of knowledge. The boundaries of Police Science expanded through certain patterns: the need for, and success of, science in solving crimes; its connection to the Northwestern University, engaging in education and research; by relating contested fields of knowledge to established sciences; through technological artefacts; by language demarcating “pseudo-science” from “real science”; and as an activity based on structure. Through professionalization, higher education and official accreditation the expert became science-by-proxy representing his field of knowledge in the court of law. Exclusion of pseudo-scientists was imperative to maintain and establish epistemological and scientific authority. Influenced by the “Progressives”, Police Science included reforms such as basic education for police officers; the removal of illegal and unscientific, but institutionalised, practices such as “third-degree” to regain the public‟s trust. In the conflict between the old-school and the new generation, Sherlock Holmes became a symbol used by both sides to discredit the opponent.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:31:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriel Rodrigues Leal.pdf: 3004314 bytes, checksum: 75b9d11c996e62b959fcb5bd40d9b86a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-20 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This work aims to support the police science analyzing, first, the affection "sense of security" through a structured ontology in triangulation between the "moral failure" in Pascal, the "science of affection" in Espinosa and the "instinct death "in Freud:" ontology of the abyss. " Given this initial ontoantropológica construction, held the book I will trace a brief genealogy of the police institution in Book II now accosted in stud procedure Nietzsche and documentary research on the history of security institutions, or rather, the security-military thinking , greatly Brazilian army. It is, in Book II, therefore, to follow the history of these institutions and their adherence or not to book ontology I. In Book III, in turn, began to investigate the police-military education and general lines an understanding of police-military educational process to give scope to the idea of a precise scientific object or set to public safety sciences, then described in Book IV. Therefore, a sequence of arguments juxtaposition we rely, first, in the ontology; later, in the institutional history of military thought followed by their educational practice scoped to the object "security," to bring in the book IV, an introductory proposal of "public safety sciences," trying to understand their epistemological foundations founded on epistemology Virtue Ernst Sosa (2013) and also moral, established and reading in orthopraxis military values. In short, it is investigating the possibility of understanding security, and its structural affection for the man, as an object of knowledge of police institutions with scientific status, which is founded first and foremost, the year of the first science, philosophy and its offer of elucidating the problem of evil cogent to man and consequently the whole social body, read, since the front pages through an analysis of Hobbes. It is based, in general, still, reading the police not only as reassuring institution and guarantee rights in democracy, insist as public policies, but also as the ultimate repository of cohesion and social peace through the systematic use of violence to "subject Hobbesian "to preserve order, the foundation of social coexistence possible / Este trabalho tem como objetivo fundamentar as ciências policiais analisando, primeiramente, o afeto sensação de segurança por meio de uma ontologia estruturada na triangulação entre a insuficiência moral em Pascal, a ciência dos afetos em Espinosa e a pulsão de morte em Freud: ontologia do abismo . Diante dessa inicial construção ontoantropológica, realizada no Livro I, traçaremos uma breve genealogia da instituição policial no Livro II, agora, acostados no procedimento genealógico de Nietzsche observado por Foucault em sede de normalização e biopolítica e em pesquisa documental acerca da história das instituições de segurança, ou melhor, do pensamento militar à segurança, sobremaneira do Exército brasileiro. Trata-se, no Livro II, portanto, de acompanhar a história dessas instituições e sua aderência, ou não, à ontologia do Livro I. No Livro III, por sua vez, começamos a investigar a educação policial-militar e as linhas gerais de uma compreensão de processo educativo policial-militar para dar escopo à ideia de um objeto científico preciso ou definido às ciências policiais, descritas então no Livro IV. Portanto, numa sequência de justaposição de argumentos baseamonos, primeiramente, na ontologia; posteriormente, na história institucional do pensamento militar seguido de sua prática educativa com escopo ao objeto segurança , para trazer, no Livro IV, uma proposta introdutória das ciências policiais , buscando compreender seus fundamentos epistemológicos fundados na epistemologia da virtude de Ernst Sosa (2013) e, também, morais, com sede de compreensão e leitura na ortopráxis dos valores militares. Em suma, trata-se de investigar a possibilidade de compreender a segurança, e seu afeto estrutural ao homem, como objeto de conhecimento das instituições policiais com status científico, e que se funda antes de mais nada, no exercício da ciência primeira, a filosofia, e sua oferta de elucidação ao problema do mal cogente ao homem e consequentemente a todo corpo social, lido, já nas primeiras páginas através de uma análise em Hobbes. Assenta-se, em caráter geral, ainda, na leitura das polícias não somente como instituição asseguradora e garantia de direitos na democracia, como insistem as políticas públicas, mas também como repositório último da coesão e paz social mediante o uso sistemático da violência ao sujeito hobbesiano para preservação da ordem, o fundamento da convivência social possível

The purpose of this study is to see what the students include in the area of police work and police science A summary of bachelor thesis hasn’t been done before. This thesis contribute to understand how police science in Sweden is interpreted by students at undergraduate level. The police science discipline is emerging and we have to make knowledge of what it is. All the studies that are included in this study are made by sworn police officers or police academy students that are qualified. That means that all studied bachelor thesis are made by persons within the police domain. By using grounded theory by Barney Glaser in the analysis, the author of this study has discovered themes of working method, leadership, working environment, law, equality, information and other. The result of this study shows that the law is the biggest theme and also working method and working environment are most of interest. Although even sports and foreign service is included as police work. This study has also been related to three Nordic overwievs from the early 90´s to 2011, to see similarities and differences of the author´s results. In the future there will be interesting to see if the themes that´s been found in this study are the same or if it´s changing over time.

Submitted by LUCIO MATA (luciomata@gmail.com) on 2012-07-25T15:18:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO+ENVIADA+PARA+DEFESA+(2)[1].pdf: 1149090 bytes, checksum: 069472c3dc9fccf133453ab5ffa6f886 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2012-07-26T14:02:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO+ENVIADA+PARA+DEFESA+(2)[1].pdf: 1149090 bytes, checksum: 069472c3dc9fccf133453ab5ffa6f886 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2012-07-31T19:24:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO+ENVIADA+PARA+DEFESA+(2)[1].pdf: 1149090 bytes, checksum: 069472c3dc9fccf133453ab5ffa6f886 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-31T19:24:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO+ENVIADA+PARA+DEFESA+(2)[1].pdf: 1149090 bytes, checksum: 069472c3dc9fccf133453ab5ffa6f886 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-11 / The Science Police, though controversial his existence, may be an important proof of fact, destined to produce a conviction of the judge in deciding a crime, being a recent and very little expertise operated by national technical literature. This study aims to characterize the training and professional development of federal criminal experts, stationed in the Federal Police Department. For this, research work was carried out involving a theoretical basis, the survey data collected from the Experts and their immediate supervisors in Technical and Scientific Sectors, plus interviews with leaders of the National Police Academy, located in Brasília - DF. The first part of the paper presents an introduction and literature review, with a brief history of the Police Education System in Brazil, the concepts of Corporate Education and skills development as well as aspects of training and development officer in the National Police Academy, Police Department Federal. The second part deals specifically with the way this survey was organized and its data collection. The methodology uses a transdisciplinary approach, ever-present feature in their own training and development officer. The third, the data analysis, leads to the conclusions of the study and lists the main features of the training and professional development of the Federal Criminal Expert. Finally, the conclusion ends the paper, with suggestions for future research on the matter. Key / A Ciência Policial, ainda que controversa sua real existência, pode ser um importante meio de prova da verdade, destinada a produzir a convicção do julgador na decisão de um crime, sendo uma especialização recente e muito pouco explorada pela literatura técnica nacional. O presente estudo visa caracterizar a formação e o desenvolvimento profissional dos Peritos Criminais Federais, lotados no Departamento de Polícia Federal. Para isso, foi realizado trabalho de pesquisa envolvendo um embasamento teórico, o levantamento de dados colhidos a partir dos Peritos e suas chefias imediatas nos Setores Técnico-Científicos, além de entrevistas com dirigentes da Academia Nacional de Polícia, localizada em Brasília - DF. A primeira parte do trabalho apresenta uma introdução e a revisão bibliográfica, com breve histórico do Sistema de Ensino Policial no Brasil, conceitos de Educação Corporativa e desenvolvimento de competências, assim como aspectos da formação e desenvolvimento policial na Academia Nacional de Polícia, do Departamento de Polícia Federal. A segunda parte trata justamente da forma como essa pesquisa foi organizada e de sua coleta dos dados. A metodologia empregada utiliza uma abordagem transdisciplinar, característica sempre presente na própria formação e desenvolvimento do policial. A terceira, a análise dos dados, leva às conclusões do estudo realizado e elenca as principais características da formação e desenvolvimento profissional do Perito Criminal Federal. Finalmente, a conclusão encerra a dissertação, apresentando sugestões para futuras pesquisas a respeito da matéria.

Diskussionen om att akademisera polisutbildningen i Sverige har under en tid förekommit främst på regeringsnivå. Ett förslag angående att införa en kandidatexamen på polisutbildningen har även framförts av Polisförbundet, där de uttrycker ett positivt förhållningssätt till akademiseringen. Till följd av detta har ett kvalitativt förhållningssätt tagits för att erhålla en fördjupad bild kring ämnet ur ett polisiärt perspektiv. Studien syftar således till att undersöka vilka uppfattningar, i form av möjligheter och begränsningar, som yrkesverksamma poliser och polisstudenter har kring en akademisering av polisutbildningen. Vidare har även eventuella likheter och skillnader mellan dessa undersökts. Studien baseras på elva fokuserade intervjuer där materialet illustrerar flertalet möjligheter och begränsningar samt likheter och skillnader. Materialet har analyserats tematiskt och resulterade i två teman där ett behandlar polisutbildningen och det andra berör det efterföljande yrkeslivet. Resultatet berör möjligheter och begränsningar samt likheter och skillnader gällande de sökande till utbildningen, utbildningens innehåll, den teoretiska och praktiska kunskapen som erbjuds under utbildningen samt den kandidatexamen som diskuteras att införas. Dessutom berör resultatet även de yrkesroller och arbetssätt som förekommer inom Polismyndigheten, forskning inom det polisiära arbetet samt allmänhetens tilltro till polisen. Sammantaget visar resultatet att den polisiära yrkesutövningen upplevs främst som praktiskt, men där teoretiska ämnen och inriktningar även anses vara väsentliga för både utbildning och yrkesutövning. En kandidatexamen kan vara fördelaktig för vissa yrkesroller och för dem med teoretiskt eller akademiskt intresse, men har samtidigt ansetts kunna bidra med flera problematiska aspekter. Exempelvis lyfts en farhåga för att det praktiska ska åsidosättas eller att praktiska individer avstår att söka utbildningen. Trots att flera möjligheter belyses anses en akademisering av polisutbildningen på programnivå vara omotiverad, där andra förslag på alternativa vägar lyfts som bättre alternativ. / An academic police education in Sweden has been discussed on the state level. Polisförbundet has proposed to implement a bachelor’s thesis in police education where they express a positive approach to an academic police education. This study has a qualitative approach to obtain a deeper understanding from a police perspective. The study aims to investigate the perceptions of possibilities and limitations that working officers and police students experience regarding a police education with a bachelor. It also investigates potential similarities and variations between these. This study is based on eleven focused interviews where many possibilities and limitations, but also similarities and variations, are illustrated. The material has been analyzed thematically and resulted in two overarching themes where one processes police education and the other refers to the upcoming life of work. The results refer to possibilities and limitations, and also similarities and variations, regarding the applicants, the content of the education, the theoretical and practical knowledge during the education, and also the potential bachelor’s degree. The results also refer to the professional roles and working methods in Polismyndigheten, research on police work and the public’s trust in the police. All together the result shows that the police practice is experienced as practical, but theoretical subjects are also essential for the education and police practice. A bachelor’s degree can be favorable for some professional roles and for those who have more theoretical and academic interest. It has also been considered to contribute with problematic aspects with concerns that practical aspects were being set aside or that fewer practical individuals will apply. Even though there are several possibilities, an academic police education including a bachelor thesis is considered unmotivated. Other alternative educational routes are suggested to be a better option.

Background: The administrators, managers, and leaders of criminal justice organizations experience a plethora of processes that impact the strategic, tactical, and operational facets of their respective organizations. Sound processes are central to effectively and efficiently managing criminal justice organizations and for facilitating the optimal operations of the organization. Such management characteristics are necessary to render public services towards the goals of deterring crime and maintaining societal order. Administrating and managing criminal justice organizations involves paradigms that favor process improvement and quality of processes. Existing methods include the Compstat paradigm Total Quality Management, business process management, business process improvement, business process reengineering, standards, legislation, policy, and Six Sigma. However, such paradigms not approach process improvement from the unique perspective of process maturity as a foundational basis. Additionally, no solitary foundational basis exists that uniquely addresses organizational process improvement issues, regarding criminal justice entities, from the perspective of evolutionary process maturation through time. This research examines the potential of adapting the Capability Maturity Model Integrated (CMMi) as a foundational process improvement framework among criminal justice organizations. Within the CMMi framework, process improvement begins from a state of random, ad hoc processes and culminates in a state of highly optimized processes. Through time, process maturation occurs through five primary stages sequentially: 1) random, 2) managed, 3) defined/specific, 4) quantitatively managed, and 5) optimized. This research explores the potential of leveraging the CMMi paradigm as a form of organizational process improvement within the criminal justice domain. Scope of the Study: This research investigated the potential for adapting the Capability Maturity Model (Integrated) (CMMi) within the criminal justice domain. A derivative maturity model framework, the Criminal Justice Maturity Model (CJMM), was crafted using the CMMi concept as its foundational premise. A Likert scale survey was implemented to investigate the perceptions of personnel regarding process improvement initiatives and their work settings. This study was constrained to the criminal justice domains of the states of Alabama and Mississippi. Data processing encompassed demographic descriptions of the survey instrument and the received responses, ANOVA, Chi-Square analysis, and the Cronbach Method. Stratifications involved separating the survey responses into classifications of Alabama versus Mississippi entities, urban versus rural entities, and management versus non-management entities. Findings and Conclusions: The conclusions of this research failed to show that all five levels of the maturity model framework appear to be separately perceived among the respondents. Therefore, per each individual stage of the maturity model framework, this research failed to show conclusively that the complete maturity model framework is adaptable among administrative settings in the criminal justice domain and that process maturity issues among respondent settings are addressed via a process maturity framework. Because this research failed to show the perceived characteristics of all five maturity levels of the maturity model framework separately, it is concluded that the criminal justice administrative settings of the respondents do not conform completely to the tenets of the CMMi paradigm. Future studies were recommended to pursue additional approaches of this research project. This study represents an initial starting point from which several future endeavors may be initiated. / Criminology and Security Science / D.Litt. et Phil. (Police Science)

Background: The administrators, managers, and leaders of criminal justice organizations experience a plethora of processes that impact the strategic, tactical, and operational facets of their respective organizations. Sound processes are central to effectively and efficiently managing criminal justice organizations and for facilitating the optimal operations of the organization. Such management characteristics are necessary to render public services towards the goals of deterring crime and maintaining societal order. Administrating and managing criminal justice organizations involves paradigms that favor process improvement and quality of processes. Existing methods include the Compstat paradigm Total Quality Management, business process management, business process improvement, business process reengineering, standards, legislation, policy, and Six Sigma. However, such paradigms not approach process improvement from the unique perspective of process maturity as a foundational basis. Additionally, no solitary foundational basis exists that uniquely addresses organizational process improvement issues, regarding criminal justice entities, from the perspective of evolutionary process maturation through time. This research examines the potential of adapting the Capability Maturity Model Integrated (CMMi) as a foundational process improvement framework among criminal justice organizations. Within the CMMi framework, process improvement begins from a state of random, ad hoc processes and culminates in a state of highly optimized processes. Through time, process maturation occurs through five primary stages sequentially: 1) random, 2) managed, 3) defined/specific, 4) quantitatively managed, and 5) optimized. This research explores the potential of leveraging the CMMi paradigm as a form of organizational process improvement within the criminal justice domain. Scope of the Study: This research investigated the potential for adapting the Capability Maturity Model (Integrated) (CMMi) within the criminal justice domain. A derivative maturity model framework, the Criminal Justice Maturity Model (CJMM), was crafted using the CMMi concept as its foundational premise. A Likert scale survey was implemented to investigate the perceptions of personnel regarding process improvement initiatives and their work settings. This study was constrained to the criminal justice domains of the states of Alabama and Mississippi. Data processing encompassed demographic descriptions of the survey instrument and the received responses, ANOVA, Chi-Square analysis, and the Cronbach Method. Stratifications involved separating the survey responses into classifications of Alabama versus Mississippi entities, urban versus rural entities, and management versus non-management entities. Findings and Conclusions: The conclusions of this research failed to show that all five levels of the maturity model framework appear to be separately perceived among the respondents. Therefore, per each individual stage of the maturity model framework, this research failed to show conclusively that the complete maturity model framework is adaptable among administrative settings in the criminal justice domain and that process maturity issues among respondent settings are addressed via a process maturity framework. Because this research failed to show the perceived characteristics of all five maturity levels of the maturity model framework separately, it is concluded that the criminal justice administrative settings of the respondents do not conform completely to the tenets of the CMMi paradigm. Future studies were recommended to pursue additional approaches of this research project. This study represents an initial starting point from which several future endeavors may be initiated. / Criminology and Security Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Police Science)