This thesis is deals with design of a Senior’s Boarding House in Lomnicka u Tisnova. Building four-storey building with one service basement floor with This thesis deals with a design of a retirement home in Lomnicka u Tisnova. This is a four storey building with one service basement floor and with a flat roof. The structural system is of a transverse wall type. Material of structural elements is a combination of reinforced concrete and masonry. The building is founded on piles. In addition, the design includes a restaurant for warming and serving food prepared in different place, laundry and a small pool. All construction drawings and schedules has been developed as building information model (BIM).

Les téosintes Zea mays ssp. parviglumis et ssp. mexicana sont les apparentés sauvages les plus proches du maïs cultivé. Elles occupent au Mexique des niches écologiques distinctes bien délimitées par l’altitude. Zea mays ssp. parviglumis pousse dans des environnements chauds et humides situés à moins de 1800m d’altitude, tandis que Zea mays ssp mexicana pousse dans des environnements plus secs et froids (au-dessus de 1800m). Nous nous sommes intéressés aux bases génétiques de l’adaptation locale des téosintes à l’altitude. Dans ce but, 37 populations ont été échantillonnées le long de deux gradients altitudinaux, utilisés comme réplicats biologiques. Deux populations extrêmes de chaque gradient ainsi que deux populations de moyenne altitude de chaque sous-espèce du gradient 1 ont été séquencées à faible profondeur afin de découvrir des polymorphismes dont les fréquences alléliques sont contrastées entre les extrêmes tout en contrôlant pour la différenciation entre les sous-espèces. A partir de méthodes de détection de la sélection intra- et inter-populationnelle, des locus candidats ont été détectés. Une revue bibliographique a permis d’établir des correspondances entre nos candidats et des régions précédemment décrites pour leurs effets phénotypiques sur des caractères adaptatifs. Nous montrons ainsi un rôle important des interactions sol-plante et de la pilosité des feuilles dans l’adaptation à l’altitude. Pour valider certains de nos candidats, 270 polymorphismes ont été génotypés sur les 37 populations afin de réaliser des études de clines de fréquence. Parallèlement, nous avons mis en œuvre un dispositif de caractérisation phénotypique (2 lieux x 2 années) afin de tester l’association entre ces polymorphismes et 18 caractères mesurés en champ. Nous discutons des apports méthodologiques de notre étude aussi bien du point de vue des technologies haut débit que de la détection de la sélection. Notre dispositif devra être pleinement exploité pour valider nos candidats. Les perspectives incluent la poursuite de l’étude sur d’autres types de polymorphismes ainsi qu’un suivi temporel des populations. / Teosintes Zea mays ssp parviglumis (parviglumis) and Zea mays ssp mexicana (mexicana) are the closest wild relatives of cultivated maize. They occupy distinct ecological niches in Mexico, well separated by altitude. Zea mays ssp. parviglumis encountered below 1800m grows in wet and warm conditions, while mexicana grows in drier and colder climates (above 1800m). In order to investigate the genetic bases of local adaptation to altitude, we sampled 37 populations along two altitudinal gradients. We sequenced the two most extreme populations of each gradient as well as two intermediate populations - one from each subspecies along gradient 1. We searched for polymorphisms with contrasted allele frequencies between the extremes while accounting for subspecies differentiation. Using both inter- and intra- population methods we identified several candidate loci. Based on a literature review, we confronted them with regions previously described as involved in phenotypic variation of adaptive traits. Our results highlight the role of plant-soil interactions and leaves hairiness in the adaptation to altitude. To validate further a subset of 270 polymorphisms chosen among our best candidates, we genotyped them on the 37 populations with the aim of performing clinal analyzes of allele frequencies. In parallel, we undertook phenotypic evaluation trials (2 locations x 2 years) to test the association of these polymorphisms with 18 traits measured in the field. We discuss the methodological contributions of our study both from the standpoint of high throughput technologies and detection of selective footprints. Our setting will be fully exploited to validate our candidates. Perspectives include the discovery and assessment of the contribution of other types of polymorphisms and the temporal follow-up of populations.

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Title: Comparison of the results of aerobic exercise testing while kayak paddling whith crank ergometry of upper limbs. Aims: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the results of aerobic execise diagnostics of 6 elite kayakers (white water slalom) when paddling of flat water with crank ergometry of upper limbs. The results obtained when paddling on flat water were also compared with results obtained when paddling in the pool with counter (bachelor thesis). Based on the results we wanted to answer the question about the possible use specific forms of stress diagnosis (spiroergometry) in routine practice of training proces. Methods: We used standardized laboratory spiroergomtry stress test at crank ergometry of upper limbs and spiroergometry stress test when paddling on flat water of the same protocol. To obtain the functional values of physiological indicators in both test we used mobile spiroergometry equipment Cortex Metamax 3B and sporttester Polar. Feedback of probands were identified based on suervey with closed questions. Results: Testing kayakers reached when paddling on flat water the average functional values: heart rate (HR) 188,5 (±8,77) beats per minute, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max.) 56 ml.kg.min-1 (±6.31); maximum ventilation (VMAX.) 127.31 l.min-1 (±15.16);...

La formulation de nouvelles nuances d’aciers présentant des caractéristiques mécaniques équivalentes pour des épaisseurs moindres et la plus-value associée à la possibilité d'assembler deux nuances différentes, nécessitent le développement et la maîtrise des procédés d’assemblage. Grâce à sa haute précision et à sa flexibilité, le procédé de soudage par laser est devenu une des principales techniques pour le raboutage des flans d'aciers de nature différente. La prédiction de la composition chimique locale de la zone fondue formée entre deux aciers en fonction des paramètres de soudage est de grande importance, puisque la dilution et la distribution des éléments d'alliage conditionnent la résistance mécanique finale du cordon. La présente étude a pour objectif la conception et la validation d’un modèle numérique multi-physiques décrivant la formation du mélange dans le cordon de soudure entre des aciers de nature différente, obtenu par fusion laser. Pour une meilleure compréhension du mélange issu de la diffusion et de la convection dans le bain liquide formé lors d'un soudage laser débouchant, une simulation 3D à l'aide du code de calcul commercial Comsol Multiphysics®, couplant les transferts thermiques, l’écoulement du métal liquide, et la diffusion des espèces, a été réalisée afin de prédire la géométrie du bain liquide et d'obtenir des informations sur la distribution des éléments chimiques à l'intérieur du cordon. Afin de réduire le temps de calcul, le modèle a été développé avec les hypothèses simplificatrices suivantes : le capillaire de vapeur a une géométrie fixe et l’ensemble des équations est résolu sous forme pseudo-stationnaire. Un modèle d’écoulement turbulent est utilisé pour le calcul du champ de vitesse. La loi de Fick est introduite pour modéliser le transport des espèces dans le bain liquide. Dans un premier temps et afin de valider les hypothèses sur les phénomènes de convection, une série d’essais de soudage avec des inserts de nickel pur, utilisés comme traceur chimique, a été réalisée pour cartographier post-mortem la distribution du nickel dans le cordon de soudure. Les résultats de la simulation numérique ont été trouvés en bon accord avec les résultats expérimentaux. Par la suite, le modèle a été appliqué au cas du soudage entre un acier Dual Phase et un acier TWIP riche en manganèse et enfin adapté à l'étude du mélange des revêtements dans le bain de métal liquide formé durant le soudage laser. / The design of new steel grades offering equivalent mechanical performances for lower thicknesses and the added value with the possibility to join two different steel grades, require development and control of joining processes. Thanks to high precision and good flexibility, the laser welding became one of the most used processes for joining of dissimilar welded blanks. The prediction of local chemical composition in the weld formed between dissimilar steels in function of the welding parameters is essential because the dilution rate and the distribution of alloying elements in the melted zone determine the final tensile strength of the weld. The goal of the present study is to create and to validate a multiphysical numerical model studying the mixing of dissimilar steels in laser weld pool. For a better understanding of materials mixing based on convection-diffusion process in the melted pool in case of full penetrated laser welding, a 3D simulation developed within COMSOL Multiphysics®, including heat transfer, fluid flow and transport of species has been performed to provide the weld geometry and quantitative mapping of elements distributions in the melted zone. In order to reduce computation time, the model has been developed basing on the following hypothesis: a steady keyhole approximation and solved in quasi-stationary form. Turbulent flow model was used to calculate velocity field. Fick law for diluted species was integrated to simulate the transport of alloying elements in the weld pool. In parallel, to validate the model, a number of experiments using pure Ni foils as tracers have been performed to obtain mapping post-mortem of Ni distribution in the melted zone. The results of simulations have been found in good agreement with experimental data. Afterwards the model was applied to laser welding between Dual Phase steel (DP) and high Mn steel (TWIP) and finally it was adapted to the study of coating dissolution in laser weld pool.

This project is a response to the author's passion for sport and his curiosity about the architectural process that is necessary to understand and facilitate the inter-relation of body, mind and soul. The potential influence of physical exercise; its correlation with the metaphysical aspects of the individual and how its influence spills over into the larger context of society is investigated. This dissertation attempts to form an architectural response that is indigenous to the local population, the climate and the existing urban condition and ranges from a thorough understanding of the community to the effective contribution that architecture can offer, based on the concept of ‘Sport for Development’ programmes in South Africa. The primary objective of the architectural response is to amplify the potential of sport as a means to peace building and self-actualization within a society that suffers from the effects of crime and violence. Although popular culture believes in the positive potential of sport, Ramon Spaaij identifies factors and conditions that must be met if the positive value of sport is to be enjoyed. The dissertation incorporates these factors and conditions into a multipurpose 'Sport for Development' community complex. This complex aims to augment the existing sport for development programmes in South Africa and serve as a prototype for future sport for development centres that ultimately includes everyone in the process of reconciliation. / Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Architecture / unrestricted

The relative importance of local and regional factors to community build-up is a core issue in contemporary ecology. Studies based on research of newly created aquatic habitats may improve understanding of these processes. We monitored zooplankton colonization rates and community assemblage in 20 newly dug and isolated temporary pools in Kokořínsko Protected Landscape Area. The region is characterised by deep stream valleys, extensive land use, low human influence, low waterfowl migration activity and practically absence of large water bodies. After the first hyproperiod all temporary pools were rebuilt to a permanent form. In contrast to expectations, in both cases we observed immediate colonization of newly created habitats by two main groups of zooplankton (crustaceans and rotifers), but only rotifers (Rotifera) were capable of fast successful establishment of viable populations. Cladocerans (Crustacea: Cladocera) and copepods (Crustacea: Copepoda) were observed rarely and usually in low abundances (< 1 ind-l ). 10 months after the filling of permanent pools one ostracod species (Crustacea: Ostracoda), Notodromas monacha, was recorded as well. During the 8 months of temporary pools existence the presence of 1 cladoceran and 1 cyclopoid copepod species and 12 rotifer taxa was recorded, icluding...