21st-century Neo-anticolonial Literature and the Struggle for a New Global Order explores the twenty-first-century fiction of five writers and investigates the ways in which their works engage the legacy and evolution of empire, and, in particular, the expansion of global capitalism to the detriment of already-subjugated communities. Taking up a recent call by Postcolonial scholars seeking to address the contemporary challenges of the postcolonial condition, this project traces out three distinct forms of engagement that function as a resistance in the texts. The dissertation introduces these concepts via a mode of analysis I have called Neo-anticolonialism, a counter-hegemonic approach which, I argue, is unique to the twenty-first century but rooted in the anticolonial work of Aimé Césaire and Frantz Fanon. Building on a foundation laid by those activist scholars, this project argues that Neo-anticolonialism necessitates the bridging of discourse and activism; thus, the dissertation delineates the utility of Neo-anticolonialism in both literary scholarship and practical application. Through a close analysis of the fiction of the Nigerian writer Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Jamaican Michelle Cliff, Amitav Ghosh, a South Asian writer, African American writer Edward P. Jones, and Black British writer Caryl Phillips, the project offers a Neo-anticolonial reading of several twenty-first-century texts. In doing so, I explain the depiction of these instances of resistance as Neo-anticolonial Refractions, literary devices which function as prisms that cast images thus exposing the perpetuation of inequality in the twenty-first century and its direct link to the past epoch. Moreover, each chapter, through an explication of the refractions, reveals how resistance occurs in the face of the brutal reality of oppression and how this cadre of writers engages with the history of empire as well as with its contemporary permutations.

21st-century Neo-anticolonial Literature and the Struggle for a New Global Order explores the twenty-first-century fiction of five writers and investigates the ways in which their works engage the legacy and evolution of empire, and, in particular, the expansion of global capitalism to the detriment of already-subjugated communities. Taking up a recent call by Postcolonial scholars seeking to address the contemporary challenges of the postcolonial condition, this project traces out three distinct forms of engagement that function as a resistance in the texts. The dissertation introduces these concepts via a mode of analysis I have called Neo-anticolonialism, a counter-hegemonic approach which, I argue, is unique to the twenty-first century but rooted in the anticolonial work of Aimé Césaire and Frantz Fanon. Building on a foundation laid by those activist scholars, this project argues that Neo-anticolonialism necessitates the bridging of discourse and activism; thus, the dissertation delineates the utility of Neo-anticolonialism in both literary scholarship and practical application. Through a close analysis of the fiction of the Nigerian writer Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Jamaican Michelle Cliff, Amitav Ghosh, a South Asian writer, African American writer Edward P. Jones, and Black British writer Caryl Phillips, the project offers a Neo-anticolonial reading of several twenty-first-century texts. In doing so, I explain the depiction of these instances of resistance as Neo-anticolonial Refractions, literary devices which function as prisms that cast images thus exposing the perpetuation of inequality in the twenty-first century and its direct link to the past epoch. Moreover, each chapter, through an explication of the refractions, reveals how resistance occurs in the face of the brutal reality of oppression and how this cadre of writers engages with the history of empire as well as with its contemporary permutations.

21st-century Neo-anticolonial Literature and the Struggle for a New Global Order explores the twenty-first-century fiction of five writers and investigates the ways in which their works engage the legacy and evolution of empire, and, in particular, the expansion of global capitalism to the detriment of already-subjugated communities. Taking up a recent call by Postcolonial scholars seeking to address the contemporary challenges of the postcolonial condition, this project traces out three distinct forms of engagement that function as a resistance in the texts. The dissertation introduces these concepts via a mode of analysis I have called Neo-anticolonialism, a counter-hegemonic approach which, I argue, is unique to the twenty-first century but rooted in the anticolonial work of Aimé Césaire and Frantz Fanon. Building on a foundation laid by those activist scholars, this project argues that Neo-anticolonialism necessitates the bridging of discourse and activism; thus, the dissertation delineates the utility of Neo-anticolonialism in both literary scholarship and practical application. Through a close analysis of the fiction of the Nigerian writer Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Jamaican Michelle Cliff, Amitav Ghosh, a South Asian writer, African American writer Edward P. Jones, and Black British writer Caryl Phillips, the project offers a Neo-anticolonial reading of several twenty-first-century texts. In doing so, I explain the depiction of these instances of resistance as Neo-anticolonial Refractions, literary devices which function as prisms that cast images thus exposing the perpetuation of inequality in the twenty-first century and its direct link to the past epoch. Moreover, each chapter, through an explication of the refractions, reveals how resistance occurs in the face of the brutal reality of oppression and how this cadre of writers engages with the history of empire as well as with its contemporary permutations.

Écrits à la croisée des langues, les textes postcoloniaux sont marqués par ce phénomène que Rainier Grutman a appelé «hétérolinguisme», à savoir la coprésence des langues différentes dans un texte littéraire. Se focalisant sur un corpus de dix romans francophones postcoloniaux, publiés en France à partir des années 2000, cette thèse se propose d’une part d’étudier la mise en scène de l’hétérolinguisme dans les textes sources – ses formes et son fonctionnement – et, d’autre part, d’analyser son devenir en traduction en s’appuyant sur les versions aussi bien italiennes qu’anglaises et espagnoles. C’est le problème de la restitution de l’hétérogénéité linguistique qui est au centre de cette étude. L’analyse nous permettra de montrer comment la traduction peut relever le défi de l’hétérolinguisme. Loin de représenter un problème insoluble, l’hétérogénéité linguistique peut être restituée pourvu que la traduction dépasse les préceptes de la transparence et de la lisibilité sur lesquelles elle se régit. / Written at the intersection of languages, postcolonial texts show evidence of the phenomenon that Rainer Grutman has called “heterolingualism”, that is to say the coexistence of different languages in a literary text. Focusing on a corpus of ten postcolonial novels written in French, published in France from the year 2000 onwards, this thesis, on the one hand, deals with the inclusion of heterolingualism in source texts – its forms and the way it works – and on the other hand, analyses how it is translated in the Italian as well as the English and Spanish versions. The problem of rendering linguistic heterogeneity is the core of this research. Our analysis will allow us to demonstrate how translation can take up the challenge of heterolingualism. Far from being an insoluble problem, linguistic heterogeneity can be rendered as long as the translation overrides the principles of transparency and readability on which it is usually based.

Ce travail restitue la trajectoire de circulation et de traduction du postcolonial en France. En proposant une analyse à la fois sémasiologique et onomasiologique du terme postcolonial, cette thèse cherche à montrer comment émerge et se diffuse une nouvelle grille de lecture du monde social. Celle-ci permet de faire émerger une imbrication conceptuelle complexe mettant en relation les concepts d’idéal républicain, d’universalisme, de multiculturalisme, d’identité nationale et de discriminations. Ce travail retrace les conditions de possibilités de ce nouveau vocable à travers l’analyse de trois espaces : politique, savant et intellectuel. Il montre comment des thématiques, d’abord confinées dans les espaces sociaux, tendent progressivement à s’imbriquer au début des années 2000. L’analyse de l’année 2005, comme point de rupture dans la visibilité de cette thématique, permet de mettre en évidence la constitution d’espaces de traductions : de nouvelles revues et maisons d’éditions et d’insister sur les trajectoires multiples des traducteurs. Enfin, ce travail propose une cartographie de la controverse engendrée à la suite de la réception du terme postcolonial à travers une analyse de ses scènes, de sa spatialisation et de ses motifs argumentatifs. / This work articulates the circulation and translation of the trajectories of postcolonial studies in France. Proposing both semasiological and onomasiological analyses of the postcolonial term, this thesis intends to show how a new interpretation of the social world rise and spread. A complex and conceptual overlapping emerges where the notions of “idéal républicain”, universalism, multiculturalism, “identité nationale” and discrimination are related. This work outlines the conditions of possibility of this new semantic through the analysis of three areas: political, scientific and intellectual. It demonstrates how themes, prior confined in specific social areas, tends to gradually overlap at the beginning of 2000’s. The analysis of the year 2005, as a turning point in the exposure of this topic, highlights the creation of translation areas: new journals, publishing houses and outlines the various trajectories of translators. Finally, this work propose a cartography of the controversy generated following the reception of the term postcolonial in France through the analysis of its scenes, its spatialization and its argumentative patterns.

abstract: This dissertation considers the potential of desire to protect humans, animals, and the environment in the biopolitical times of late capitalism. Through readings of recent South African Literature in English from a postcolonial ecocritical perspective, this project theorizes desire as a mode of resistance to the neocolonial and capitalist instrumentalization of communities of humans and nonhumans, where they are often seen as mere "resources" awaiting consumption and transformation into profit. Deleuze and Guattari posit this overconsumption as stemming in part from capitalism's deployment of the psychoanalytic definition of desire as lack, where all desires are defined according to the same tragedy and brought into a money economy. By defining desire, capitalism seeks to limit the productive unconscious and attempts to create manageable subjects who perform the work of the capitalist machine--subjects that facilitate the extraction of surplus value and pleasure for themselves and the dominant classes. Thinking desire differently as positive and as potentially revolutionary, after Deleuze and Guattari, offers possible resistances to this biopolitical management. This different, positive desire can also change views of others and the world as existing solely for human consumption: views which so often risk bodies towards death and render communities unsustainable. The representations of human and animal desires (and often their cross-species desires) in this literature imagine relationships to the world otherwise, outside of a colonial legacy, where ethical response obtains instead of the consumption of others and the environment by the dominant subjects of capitalism. This project also considers other attempts to protect communities such as animal rights, arguing that rethinking desire is a necessary corollary in the effort to protect communities and lives that are made available for a "non-criminal putting to death" since positive desire precedes the passing of any such laws and must exist for their proper administration. These texts often demonstrate the law's failures to protect communities through portraying corrupt officials who risk the communities they are charged with protecting when their protection competes with government officials' personal capitalist ambitions. Desire offers opportunities for imagining other creative options towards protecting communities, outside of legal discourse. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation English 2014

Cette thèse propose une nouvelle esthétique du corps féminin à travers l’analyse des textes de trois auteures contemporaines migrantes : Malika Mokeddem, Gisèle Pineau et Jamaica Kincaid. La lecture postcoloniale et féministe des trois auteures révèle les carences en corps. L’étude de leurs œuvres fait ressortir un corps en crise. Il y a donc urgence à l’historiciser, mais aussi un grand besoin de le réinventer.Cette thèse engage une réflexion épistémologique dans leurs textes, dans le but de re-travailler le corps. Il s’agit de mettre le corps féminin au cœur de l’Histoire, de le replacer dans la mémoire, de refaire les généalogies et renouveler les filiations, de réanimer le réseau féminin et révolutionner l’objet de transmission. L’analyse des mécanismes et outils de domination, aussi bien de genre que de race, nous permet de comprendre les différentes formes de résistance, et d’esquisser plusieurs stratégies de sortie.Ce travail propose finalement de renouveler le corps en détournant le pouvoir discursif et la rhétorique patriarcale et impérialiste, à travers un contre-discours, décolonisé et dépatriarcalisé. Ainsi que réinventer le corps en sortant de la dialectique du pouvoir, en ouvrant un espace/langue postcorps. / This thesis proposes a new aesthetic of the female body through the analysis of texts of three migrant contemporary authors: Malika Mokeddem, Gisèle Pineau and Jamaica Kincaid. Postcolonial and feminist reading of the three authors reveal a body deficiency. The study of their works shows a body in crisis. Therefore, it is urgent to historicize it, but also to reinvent it.This thesis undertakes an epistemological reflection in their texts, in order to re-work the body. It aims at putting the female body into History, replacing it in the memory, remaking the genealogies and renewing the affiliations, reviving the women’s network and revolutionizing the subject of transmission. The analysis of mechanisms and tools of race and gender domination, helps to understand the different forms of resistance, and to identify the different exit strategies. Finally this work proposes to renew the body by diverting the discursive power and the patriarchal and imperialist rhetoric, through a counter-speech, decolonized and depatriarchalized. And also reinvent the body out of the dialectic of power, opening a postbody space/language.

Cette thèse explore les relations intertextuelles entre Saint-John Perse et Derek Walcott en abordant des thèmes sur lesquels se penchent leurs oeuvres, à travers le prisme de l’influence et de la Relation glissantienne. L’appartenance de ces oeuvres à une sphère géohistorique – l’esclavage et la colonisation antillaise –, autorise une démarche postcoloniale qui étudie les contextes d’émergence d’Eloges (1911), The Castaway (1965) et The Star-Apple Kingdom (1979). Notre objectif est de démontrer que l’identité antillaise est constituée de facettes multiples : une identité-légion. Nous rappelons ainsi les phases d’exploitation humaine, de domination et de luttes sociopolitiques,idéologiques et culturelles qui ont donné naissance à une culture créole, à une littérature qui s’élève contre la déliquescence de l’homme et défend l’expression totale de sa diversalité. Aussi nous analysons d’abord le cadre dans lequel sont apparues des propositions qui renouvellent les approches classiques de l’histoire antillaise, pour examiner comment les théories postcoloniales permettent d’approcher la question de la mémoire, du lieu et de l’identité antillaise.Nous analysons ensuite comment la rencontre entre Saint-John Perse et Derek Walcott se traduit dans les oeuvres par une poétisation du réel antillais à travers l’errance, une fiction de l’histoire, une vision de l’entour et des identités plurielles. Enfin, nous étudions comment les poètes expriment une Intention qui mène au tout-monde, à travers la présence d’une langue créole, baroque, métaphorique et rhétorique, pour une Relation totale dans les Amériques et dans le monde. / This dissertation explores the inter-textual relations between Saint-John Perse and Derek Walcott, focusing on the themes discussed in their works, through the prism of influence and Glissant’s poetics of Relation. The fact that these works belong to the same geo-historical sphere —West Indian slavery and colonisation —, allows a postcolonial approach to the contexts of Eloges(1911), The Castaway (1965), and The Star-Apple Kingdom (1979). Our aim is to demonstrate thatWest Indian identity is multifaceted: a legion-identity. We thus recall the phases of human exploitation, domination, and socio-political, ideological and cultural struggle, which gave rise to Creole culture, to a literature which rises against the decay of man and champions the total expression of its diversality. Consequently, we first discuss the context in which new approaches to classical histories of the West Indies have appeared, to examine the way in which post-colonial theories envision the questions of memory, place, and West Indian identity. We then analyse how the encounter between Saint-JohnPerse and Derek Walcott translates into their works, in a poetizing of West Indian reality through wandering, a fiction of history, a vision of the entour, and multiple identities. Finally, we study theway in which the poets express an Intention towards the whole-world, through the presence of aCreole, baroque, metaphorical, and rhetorical language, for a total Relation in the Americas and in the world.

This study examines what support that exists in the Swedish upper secondary school curriculum and the English 7 syllabus for teaching postcolonial literature and the postcolonial literary concepts of binary pairs and Othering. This study also illustrates how Arvind Adiga’s The White Tiger (2008) could serve as an example of a postcolonial novel to exemplify said concepts in the EFL classroom. To answer these questions, a definition of the postcolonial genre as well as a definition of the concepts within postcolonial literary theory was formulated. With the theoretical framework in place, an analysis of the steering documents was conducted. The Swedish curriculum’s focus on the teaching of every human’s equal value and rights relate to the postcolonial genre, as the genre is dedicated to telling marginalised perspectives in the modern world. The syllabus states that teaching different genres of literature and the usage of different perspectives in the classroom should be a part of the English subject. This supports the teaching of postcolonial literature as it is a successor to Western classics as well as shift in perspective from the colonisers to the colonised. The teaching of the concepts of binary pairs and Othering were indicated to be potentially challenging to practically implement, as literary didactic literature stated the difficulties of adapting literary theory to an upper secondary school level. Teaching literary concepts was indicated to be achievable provided that teachers teach theory with clear guidance of what context to use it in and where not to use it. As for binary pairs and Othering within Adiga’s The White Tiger (2008), the examples focused on were the Indias of Light and Darkness, and how this binary pair Othered one another. As such, the results were found to indicate that there is support for teaching postcolonial literature as well as postcolonial concepts, and that Adiga’s novel would be an adequate text to use for exemplifying these in the classroom.

<p>An experimental piece blending theory, fiction, and academic writing in order to both create and criticize a work in the tradition of science fiction while seeking to undermine the hegemonic ideals that sometimes lie at the heart of works in that tradition.</p>