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1	Uzavřené rezidenční areály a rezidenční separace v Praze / Gated communities and residential separation in Prague Brabec, Tomáš January 2014 (has links) The thesis focuses on gated communities (GCs) as an example of residential separation in today's Prague. The GCs are a new specific phenomenon characterising the society in present post-industrial cities. It is a type of residence where high social status population concentrates behind walls and fences. The number of GCs grows more or less globally which results in increased experts' interest in GCs. This type of residence occurs also in Czechia, primarily in Prague. Experts' interest in the subject in our environment is, however, not as high as in other post-communist countries. This thesis follows up with previous studies and assesses in detail if - in context of the post-industrial transformation - the high social status population is separated in Prague GCs and why such type of residence appears. The document also partly focuses on the development and situation of residential separation and the consequences of GCs formation. It is based on several quantitative (data analysis, questionnaire survey) and qualitative (interviews) research methods. It turns up that on one hand the level of residential segregation and separation in Prague decreases, on the other hand we can see that the number of specific separated locations such as the GCs where the high social status population concentrates grows....
2	Mortality patterns and trends in postcommunist countries compared with low mortality populations Mukhtarova, Zhanyl January 2010 (has links) Mortality patterns and trends in post-communist countries compared with low mortality populations Zhanyl Mukhtarova Abstract This research primarily addresses mortality patterns and trends in the post-communist countries of Central Asia, Central Europe and the Baltic region together with low mortality populations such as those of France, Spain and the United States of America. The aim of this research is to analyze mortality patterns and trends in selected post-communist countries and contrast them with low mortality populations between the period of 1990 and 2006. In this study, the main age-specific mortality intensities and the excess male mortality among the selected countries were analyzed. Moreover, the historical overview of mortality development in the selected countries and population longevity was discussed. Concurrently, the influence of socioeconomic conditions and healthy lifestyles and their implications and impact on declining mortality rates were revealed. The research clearly identified several important issues encasing the field of mortality, notably that more work and financial support is necessary to improve the health status of countries within Central Asia.
3	History education reform in post-communist Poland, 1989-1999: historical and contemporary effects on educational transition Parker, Christine Susan 07 August 2003 (has links) No description available. Education, History of Educational transition Postcommunist transition History education reform Poland Policy reform
4	Barriers to Place-Related Actions in a Post-Communist Town. A Case Study of Targoviste, Romania Georgescu, Anamaria 28 June 2022 (has links) (PDF) Our future is more uncertain than ever as a result of myriad environmental problems that require communal responses. In order to build resilient communities and to increase the effectiveness of planned changes to built environments, it is crucial to involve local communities throughout the decision-making processes. However, in Romania, the traditions of top-down governance from its communist period still hold sway among elected leaders - and, in some cases, its citizens. This is problematic because scholars have argued that top-down approaches to environment-related projects are more likely to fail than bottom-up initiatives that are more inclusive of community interests. This begs the question: How can we more meaningfully involve and empower the citizens in Romania? In order to help address that question, I examined four factors that might affect the place-related actions that individuals are willing to take in the post-communist state of Romania: the amount of social capital a place has (Predescu 2020; Lewicka 2005), the quality of participation infrastructure available to the place (Nabatchi and Leighninger 2015), the levels of trust in local authorities at that place (Badescu and Uslaner 2004), and the perceived levels of political efficacy they have (Manzo and Perkins 2006). Using Photovoice methodology, I heard from 22 individuals who feel a connection with the town of Targoviste, Romania about their experience with place-related actions in Targoviste and how historical traditions and legacies from communist times have constrained their ability to be involved in place-related decision-making actions. The results illustrate that the lack of participation infrastructure, the low quality of social capital, the lack of trust in the local authorities, and the feelings of low political efficacy were identified by highly-attached study participants as major barriers to taking place-related actions in the town of Targoviste, Romania. Participants expressed a desire to have a more meaningful role in decision-making processes related to the town’s-built environment, and contended that involving the community in such processes would benefit the overall quality of life in the community. factors community engagement romania postcommunist context place attachment Environmental Studies Urban Studies and Planning
5	Proměny rodinného chování v České republice od 90. let 20. století / Changes in Family Behaviour in the Czech Republic since 1990s Polesná, Helena January 2014 (has links) The aim of this work is to analyze the changes in family behavior in Czech Republic especially using the framework of the second demographic transition. Attention was focused on the analysis of attitudes towards new form partnerships and childbearing and development reproductive behavior in Czech Republic. In this analysis using data of two surveys ISSP (1994, 2002, 2012) and EVS (1990, 1999, 2008). The trajectories of changes in Czech Republic were compared with trajectories of transformation in selected post-communist countries. Different trajectories of transformation have been identified for postcommunist countries. The results in many aspects suggested Czech Republic has been approaching the North-western European countries. However, important the Czech Republic seems to be much further in the process of the second demographic transition in comparison with many post- communist countries. Keywords family behavior, attitude, family, the second demographic transition, postcommunist countries
6	Rozvadov: Porevoluční proměna příhraniční obce očima jejích obyvatel / Rozvadov: Post-revolutionary Transformation of a Border Municipality through the Eyes of its Inhabitants Skálová, Eva January 2012 (has links) The development of the border municipality Rozvadov since 1948 and its consecutive transformation after the year 1989 entailed two significant antipodes regarding the existence of the municipality as well as the lives of its inhabitants. In this master thesis, I tried the to capture the lifetime of the municipality before 1989 and its relatively substantial transformation in the era after the Velvet Revolution. This transformation is still under way. I use the oral history interviews with 17 vernacular narrators as a primary source. In the first part of the thesis, I observe the after-war resettlement of the researched area, the organizing of the border security policy and also the life in the direct vicinity of the "Iron Curtain" as it was perceived by the inhabitants. The second part of the thesis is first of all focused on the social transformation of the municipality and the concomitent effects following the change of the political regime. The aim of the thesis is to determine the most problematic aspects of the transformation of the Rozvadov municipality after 1989 from the perspective of the local inhabitants (but not exclusively). The main emphasis is put on the fact how these concomitent effects - the development of the sexual industry, Asian Markets or the construction of the casino - have...
7	La France et la Hongrie (1989-2004) / France and Hungary (1989-2004) Pichonnier, Christopher 23 June 2017 (has links) Les relations entre la France et la Hongrie ont été, au fil de l’histoire, placées à la fois sous le signe de la complexité et celui de l’ambiguïté, souvent marquées par une certaine distance et parfois empreintes de ressentiments. Au cours de l'époque de l'époque moderne, l'occupation turque, puis la longue association de la Hongrie aux Habsbourgs ont contribué à dresser, entre les deux pays, des barrières, et à freiner le développement de liens plus conséquents. De manière similaire, au cours du XXe siècle, alors que beaucoup de facteurs géographiques, culturels ou humains auraient du conduire la France à nouer avec la Hongrie les mêmes rapports de confiance et d'amitié qu'avec les autres capitales d'Europe centre-orientale, les deux Guerres mondiales – et les périodes révisionnistes et communistes qui les ont suivis en Hongrie –, mais aussi la profonde blessure infligée aux Hongrois par le traité du Trianon, ont constamment rejeté les deux États dans des camps opposés et contribué à créer, dans un pays dont l'intelligentsia était pourtant historiquement prompte à « tourner son regard vers Paris », le mythe d'un « amour sans retour » envers la France. Longtemps considérée comme une zone d'influence germanique exclusive, la Hongrie ne représenta ainsi jamais réellement un partenaire privilégié pour la France à l'est du continent et les relations entre les deux pays demeurèrent très largement irrégulières et dissymétriques. Dans ces conditions, les bouleversements des années 1989-1990, tout en offrant l'occasion de redessiner un nouveau paysage européen tourné vers l'avenir, ont autorisé la possibilité d'un nouveau départ des rapports entre les deux États. En se plaçant dans la lignée des recherches réalisées sur les relations entre la France et la Hongrie au cours du XXe siècle, ce travail offre une première analyse du resserrement global des liens entre les deux États dans un contexte nouveau. En partant du constat que les relations franco-hongroises changent de dimension à partir de 1989 – une transformation qui est exposée et analysée – ce travail cherche à comprendre si cette mutation représente la marque d’une modification de la nature réelle de la politique française en Hongrie, alors même que celle-ci n’avait été jusqu’alors traitée que comme une périphérie globalisée dans le cadre d’une « politique de l’Est » très large, et d'autre part si la période marque la fin des absences de Marianne en Hongrie et de plus de « 300 ans d’amour impossible » entre les deux pays. Au crépuscule de la guerre froide et à l'aube de l'élargissement de l'UE, face à l'ampleur des rattrapages à effectuer et à la pesanteur des stéréotypes à surpasser, les années 1989-2004 marquent-elles la fin des relations ambiguës et asymétriques entre la France et la Hongrie et le commencement d'une nouvelle ère des relations franco-hongroises ? Le travail se décompose en quatre parties : une mise en perspective générale du sujet et une première analyse de l'idée de « nouveau départ », une étude de l'évolution des relations culturelles entre les deux États, un développement sur le renforcement des liens économiques bilatéraux, et enfin une étude des relations entre les deux pays à la lumière de la question de l'élargissement euroatlantique. / Throughout history, relations between France and Hungary have been complex and ambiguous, often characterized by a certain distance and sometimes marked by a genuine resentment. During the early modern period, the Turkish occupation and the long association of Hungary to the Habsburg Empire certainly contributed to building barriers between the two states and thus to slowing down the development of stronger ties. In a similar manner, during the 20th century, even though many factors – geographical, cultural, as well as societal – should have led France to develop a similar relationship of confidence and friendship with Hungary as those it had with other central European capitals, the two World Wars – and the revisionist and communist periods that followed in Hungary – as well as the deep “injury” inflicted on the Hungarians by the Treaty of Trianon have constantly pushed both states into opposing camps. In a country where the intelligentsia was historically quick to “look towards Paris”, these factors and events contributed to creating the myth of an “impossible love” between the two countries. Considered for a very long time as a German zone of influence, Hungary never really represented a favored partner for France in the eastern part of the continent, and the relations between the countries remained largely irregular and asymmetrical. Under these conditions, the major upheavals of the years 1989-1990, while offering an opportunity to redesign a new Europe, also allowed a chance for a new start in French-Hungarian relations. This thesis provides the first analysis of the overall strengthening of French-Hungarian relations in this new historical context. Starting with the observation that French-Hungarian relations undergo a change of dimension from 1989 – a transformation that will be discussed and analyzed – our work tries to understand on the one hand whether this mutation represents a modification of the real nature of French foreign policy towards Hungary, given that the country was mostly treated until then as part of the global periphery; and, on the other hand, whether this period marks the end of an absent France in Hungary. At the twilight of the Cold War and the dawn of the EU's enlargement, does the period from 1989 to 2004 mark the end of an ambiguous and asymmetrical relationship between France and Hungary and the start of a new era for French-Hungarian relations? The thesis is divided into four main parts : the first part provides a general overview of the topic and tests the idea of a “new beginning” of French-Hungarian relations. The second part delivers an analysis of the evolution of cultural relations between the two countries from 1989 to 2004. The third part is dedicated to the strengthening of economic ties between the two states. Finally, the last part studies the evolution of the relations between the two countries throughout the process of the EU and NATO's enlargement. Hongrie Relations franco-hongroises Europe centrale France Élargissement de l'Union européenne Politique étrangère française Postcommunisme hongrois Politique étrangère hongroise François Mitterrand Jacques Chirac Hungary French-Hungarian relations France Central Europe EU enlargement French foreign policy Postcommunist Hungary Hungarian foreign policy François Mitterrand Jacques Chirac
8	Russians abroad in postcommunist cinema Kristensen, Lars Lyngsgaard Fjord January 2010 (has links) No description available.
9	L’idee russe de l’Etat, contribution a la théorie juridique de l’Etat : le cas russe des origines au postcommunisme / The russian idea of the state contribution to the legal theory of the state : the russian case from its origins to the postcommunism period Lherbette-Michel, Isabelle 16 December 2013 (has links) Il existe une continuité dans l’« idée » russe de l’Etat qu’une analogie dans la continuité des systèmes ne reflète pas. De la Russie impériale à la Russie soviétique, l’Etat (Gosudarstvo) n’est pas conçu comme une entité abstraite et autonome. A la dimension césariste du pouvoir correspond la non-émergence, et du concept et de la réalité d’un Etat. Jusqu’en 1917, la conception russe du pouvoir est conditionnée par le discours idéologique – religieux. Après 1917, sa principale caractéristique est d’être subordonnée à l’idéologie, en tant qu’expression de la volonté du Parti communiste. L’Etat soviétique s’impose donc comme un Etat « de fait » et non comme un Etat « de droit ». La prédominance du discours idéologique entrave, à la fois, la constitution d’une culture de l’Etat, qui reste une culture du pouvoir, et la formation d’une culture de l’antériorité et de la supériorité du droit sur l’Etat. Après la désintégration de l’Union soviétique, la référence à la démocratie libérale et à l’Etat de droit devient un outil de la création d’une nouvelle légitimité pour l’Etat postcommuniste. L’entrée de la Russie dans la modernité politique nécessite une rupture avec les postulats idéologiques du passé. Or, la déconstruction du socialisme est un processus beaucoup plus complexe que la construction de la démocratie. Bien qu’ayant subi, sur plusieurs siècles, plusieurs types de transitions – de l’absolutisme de droit divin au socialisme, puis au postcommunisme -, l’Etat russe a donc conservé certains caractères constants et typiques qui en font, encore aujourd’hui, un modèle hybride, en tension entre autoritarisme et démocratie. / There is a continuity as concerns the « idea » of the state that an analogy with the different systems does not reflect. From imperial to Soviet Russia, the state (Gosudarstvo) is not thought of as an abstract and autonomous entity. Until 1917, the Russian conception of power is conditioned by the religious ideological discourse. After 1917, her main feature is one of submission to ideology, in other words the expression of the will of the Communist Party. The Soviet state stands out by its « de facto » nature, rather than a « de jure » state. The supremacy of the ideological discourse hampers both the constitution of a new state culture, which remains focused on power, and the formation of the precedence and the superiority of law over the state. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, reference to liberal democracy and the rule of law becomes a tool in creating renewed legitimacy for the postcommunist state. Russia’s entry into political modernity demands a rupture with the ideological postulates of the past. The dismantlement of socialism is a much more complex process than the construction of democracy. Despite having been subjected, over centuries, to many types of transition – absolutism founded on divine right to socialism, then postcommunism -, the Russian state has always preserved certain features (be they constant or specific) that make it, and still today, a hybrid model pulling towards both authoritarianism and democracy. Antiquité Autocrate Autoritarisme Césarisme Communisme Constitution Cour constitutionnelle Discours Droit Droits de l’homme Elections Etat Etat de droit Etat de Kiev Etat impérial Etat libéral-Démocratique Etat postcommuniste Etat postsoviétique Etat russe Etat soviétique Etatique-Démocratique Fédéralisme Fédération de Russie Féodalisme Histoire Idée de l’Etat Idéologie Idéologique-Religieux Occident Parti communiste Pouvoir Président de la Fédération de Russie Russie Secrétaire général du Parti Séparation des pouvoirs Socialisme Totalitarisme Tsar Transition Union soviétique Antiquity Autocrat Authoritarianism Caesarism Communism Constitution Constitutional court Discourse Law Human rights Election State Rule of law State of Kiev Imperial state Liberal-Democratic state Postcommunist state Post-Soviet state Russian state Soviet state State-Democratic Federalism Russian Federation Feudalism History Idea of the state Ideology Religious ideological West Communist Party Power President of the Russian Federation Russia General Secretary of the Party Separation of powers Socialism Totalitarianism Tsar Transition Soviet Union 340

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