Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renata Karla Magalhaes Silva.pdf: 689367 bytes, checksum: 8a7ac90c3b8692908cba19fe9a67ecca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-24 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / After all, how to understand the concept of presentation (Darstellung) in Walter Benjamin? Why does he use this concept in place of the old acquaintance of philosophy, Vorstellung (representation)? This research aims to investigate the constellation that emerges around these issues. Benjamin argues that the concern about presentation (Darstellung) is inherent in the philosophical text and also is the fragile element of philosophy. This weakness stems from two factors, namely the failure of language, which despite being internally connected to all that exists, is incapable of saying things in its fullness, and the historical and moving character of truth, which moves away every time we try to grasp it. These two factors block philosophy s possibility as a system, but more than that, ask for it to be a constant exercise (Übung) of its form. Instead of denying this weakness, Benjamin proposes to discover the fruitfulness that comes of it: the search for a productive, mimetic, relationship with language. Philosophy thus assumes the form of a continued commitment to the presentation of the truth, while acknowledging the impossibility of fully achieving of this goal. This work aims to show how Benjamin performs this presentation s procedure by his review from the Goethe s novel Elective Affinities, his "pseudotreatise" on the German Baroque and his essay about Surrealism, and how that presentation s exercise can be understood as an experience (Erfahrung) of the object through the practice of philosophical writing / Afinal, como compreender o conceito de exposição (Darstellung) em Walter Benjamin? Por que ele emprega esse conceito no lugar do velho conhecido da filosofia, Vorstellung (representação)? Esta pesquisa se propõe a investigar a constelação que se delineia em torno destas questões. Benjamin defende que a preocupação com a exposição (Darstellung) é inerente ao texto filosófico e é o elemento frágil da filosofia. Esta fragilidade advém de dois elementos, a saber, a insuficiência da linguagem, que apesar de estar internamente ligada a tudo o que existe, é incapaz de dizer as coisas em sua plenitude, e o caráter histórico e movente da verdade, que se move para longe a cada vez que se tenta agarrá-la. Esses dois elementos impedem que a filosofia seja possível enquanto sistema, mas mais do que isso, pedem que ela seja um constante exercício (Übung) de sua forma. Em vez de negar esta fragilidade, Benjamin propõe que se descubra a fecundidade que advém dela: a busca de uma relação produtiva, mimética, com a linguagem. A filosofia assume, assim, a forma de um constante empenho na exposição da verdade, apesar de reconhecer a impossibilidade de realizar plenamente esse objetivo. Este trabalho pretende mostrar como Benjamin realiza este procedimento expositivo através da crítica do romance As afinidades eletivas, de Goethe, do pseudotratado sobre o drama barroco alemão e do ensaio sobre o Surrealismo, e como esse exercício de exposição pode ser entendido como uma experiência (Erfahrung) do objeto a partir da prática da escrita filosófica

The survey Distanshandeln idag 2005, made by the Swedish postal service, tells us that web shops started to pop up in the 1990´s and began competing with the catalogue sells in the end of the decade. Ten years ago, it was said that the web shops would take over the distance trade market. Today we know that did not happen. Internet shopping accounted for 4, 2 % of all distance shopping in Sweden last year. Our inquiry is guided by the observation that the catalogue is still in use and moreover, it seems to have changed very little from when we were kids. It might be that the catalogue has potentials that the Internet lacks. Hence, this study aims to identify and describe differences between mail-order catalogues and web shops in the presentation of fashion products. The theoretical frame of reference for this study consists of literature on marketing, brands, and fashion marketing by catalogue and Internet. This is primary an empirical study and the literature's function is that of inspiration and support for us in our analysis and our conclusions. The empirical material consists of a survey on the mail-order company Ellos’s spring and summer catalogue of 2009, and their web shop for the same time period. First we constructed a set of mutually exclusive criteria to apply in our analysis (e.g., colour, perspective and information). A number of standard garments were then chosen, and for each of these garments, we applied our model and performed a comparative analysis. To give the reader a better understanding of the survey's result, we included images to show specific phenomena along with our findings. The main differences between catalogues and web shops could be summarized as follows: Web shops provides immediate information about stock status and campaign prices, this cannot be done in the catalogue. The catalogues on their hand provides the customer with a lot of ideas on how to wear, and how to combine the different garments. This could easily be achieved in the web shop too, and we find it a bit surprising that it is not. / Program: Textilekonomutbildningen

The survey Distanshandeln idag 2005, made by the Swedish postal service, tells us that web shops started to pop up in the 1990´s and began competing with the catalogue sells in the end of the decade. Ten years ago, it was said that the web shops would take over the distance trade market. Today we know that did not happen. Internet shopping accounted for 4, 2 % of all distance shopping in Sweden last year. Our inquiry is guided by the observation that the catalogue is still in use and moreover, it seems to have changed very little from when we were kids. It might be that the catalogue has potentials that the Internet lacks. Hence, this study aims to identify and describe differences between mail-order catalogues and web shops in the presentation of fashion products. The theoretical frame of reference for this study consists of literature on marketing, brands, and fashion marketing by catalogue and Internet. This is primary an empirical study and the literature's function is that of inspiration and support for us in our analysis and our conclusions. The empirical material consists of a survey on the mail-order company Ellos’s spring and summer catalogue of 2009, and their web shop for the same time period. First we constructed a set of mutually exclusive criteria to apply in our analysis (e.g., colour, perspective and information). A number of standard garments were then chosen, and for each of these garments, we applied our model and performed a comparative analysis. To give the reader a better understanding of the survey's result, we included images to show specific phenomena along with our findings. The main differences between catalogues and web shops could be summarized as follows: Web shops provides immediate information about stock status and campaign prices, this cannot be done in the catalogue. The catalogues on their hand provides the customer with a lot of ideas on how to wear, and how to combine the different garments. This could easily be achieved in the web shop too, and we find it a bit surprising that it is not. / Program: Textilekonomutbildningen

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External cephalic version (ECV) involves turning a fetus in utero by manipulation through the maternal abdomen and the uterine wall. / Many clinicians and patients, however, still decline ECV in favour of Caesarean section. This could be due to the lack of experience of ECV, and fear of complications or pain during the version. / Summary. The force applied during ECV can be measured and analysed using a customized pair of gloves incorporating piezo-resistive pressure sensors and suitable analytical software. The degree of force required for a successful version is highly variable. Failure of version is not usually due to insufficient force. Uterine tone is the most important factor affecting the degree of force applied during a version attempt. The degree of force applied is associated with the changes in fetal cerebral blood flow after ECV, and the amount of pain perceived by the patients. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) / The lack of information in this area is primarily due to the lack of a suitable device that would allow measurements of the force applied without interfering with the ECV. A suitable device would therefore have to be sufficiently robust so that it could be worn on the hands, durable so that it could be used repeatedly, incorporate multiple individual sensors, each of which is capable of making dynamic and mutually independent measurements during the version procedure. / There is no report in the literature on quantification of the force applied during ECV. It is also unknown whether the degree of force applied is related to the version outcome. In particular, it is unclear whether a failed attempt is related to insufficient force, or whether an increase in force may help to achieve version after a failure. Furthermore, it is also not known if any patients' factors may influence how much force is applied through the operator's hands. Although the chance of successful version could be predicted by some clinical factors, whether these factors may also affect the degree of applied force is not known. / This thesis reports on the design and development of a suitable measuring device fulfilling the requirements described above. In addition, it will test a number of hypotheses relating to the degree of force applied during ECV and clinical feto-maternal parameters and outcomes, in a study cohort of 92 patients. / Leung Tak Yeung. / "April 2005." / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-07, Section: B, page: 3717. / Thesis (M.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 155-174). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / School code: 1307.

This thesis argues for a common character of royal self-presentation in the early Hellenistic world, defined in this thesis as the period between the death of Alexander in 323 BC and the accession of Antigonos Gonatas in 276. In contrast to current models of interpretation which analyse it on a predominantly regional or biographical basis, this thesis supports the validity of approaching Hellenistic kingship as a broader phenomenon. Royal self-presentation is defined here as imagery developed by the kings, ideology articulated by them, and symbolic deeds enacted by them. This thesis engages a distinction between local and international perspectives and a wide interdisciplinary view of the surviving evidence in order to demonstrate the common character of early Hellenistic royal self-presentation. This common character is in turn unified by a dominant Greco-Macedonian emphasis: accordingly, it is termed ‘the image of the basileus’ in this thesis. This ‘image of the basileus’ is a composite construction based on six themes of royal self-presentation, each of which is analysed and discussed in a separate chapter; their total character is adduced fully in the final conclusion to this thesis. Chapter 1 covers heroic themes in royal self-presentation, which scholars have generally overlooked in reference to the early Hellenistic kings despite their commonality and significance. Chapter 2 covers the diadem, which became the symbol of Hellenistic kingship par excellence and as such is of pivotal importance to this study. Chapter 3 covers the concept of spear-won land and the foundation of eponymous cities, which can be understood together as part of an image of territorial domination. Chapter 4 covers representations of divine favour and divine will, a crucial basis of support for the early Hellenistic kings. Chapter 5 covers joint kingship and father-son rule, an innovation in the structuring of royal power and thus a vital focus for this thesis. Chapter 6, the final chapter of this thesis, covers common imagery in the funerals of the kings, which is important as a summation of their self-presentation.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:09:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gustavo Caverzan Vasconcelos.pdf: 1025506 bytes, checksum: 781bc97d8489bda39e989b5eb4c23a2b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-20 / It is intended to present the Hans-Georg Gadamer hermeneutics of art and his philosophical defense about the possibility of knowledge of the truth in the experience of dialogue lived by anyone that contemplates an artwork. It supports that it is possible highlighting, at first, the play concepts, of festival and symbol and then, the concepts of application and experience thought by Gadamer. In addition, it shows up how can we think the artwork as a image that presents, itself, a content of truth to the viewer, scoring the internal characteristics the way of being of the reproductive arts, statutory arts and literature. This way, it is observed the fundamental sense of participation of the people involved in the play of the art, namely, the artist creator, the representative agent and the viewer to finally show how the application of each one contribute to a significant development of the art hermeneutics. In that process, it stands out the importance of the contents legacy by the historical tradition and mobility in its facticity, to think about the hermeneutics exercises in accordance with the advent of the circumstantial truth in the presentation of the artwork / Pretende-se apresentar a hermenêutica da arte de Hans-Georg Gadamer e sua defesa filosófica sobre a possibilidade de conhecimento da verdade na experiência de diálogo vivida por aquele que contempla uma obra de arte. Sustenta-se que isso é possível destacando, num primeiro momento, os conceitos de jogo, de festa e de símbolo, e, em seguida, os conceitos de aplicação e de vivência pensados por Gadamer. Além disso, mostra-se como podemos pensar a obra de arte como imagem a apresentar, por si mesma, um conteúdo de verdade ao seu espectador, pontuando as especificidades internas do modo de ser das artes reprodutivas, das artes estatutárias e da literatura. Assim, observa-se o sentido fundamental da participação das pessoas envolvidas no jogo da arte, a saber, do artista criador, do mediador representativo e do espectador para, enfim, mostrar como a aplicação de cada um contribui para o desenvolvimento significativo da hermenêutica da arte. Nesse processo, destaca-se a importância dos conteúdos legados pela tradição e da mobilidade histórica em sua facticidade, para pensar o exercício hermenêutico em conformidade com o advento da verdade circunstancial na apresentação da obra de arte

This thesis describes the influence of the foreign currency on the accounting according to the Czech accounting principles and International financial reporting standards (IAS/IFRS). It especially focuses on determination of exchange rate for conversion of transaction to the domestic currency and for solving the exchange difference. In the next part there are described issues with the exchange difference from the view of IAS/IFRS. There are explained terms like functional currency and presentation currency. Also there are described the methods for transfer of financial reports from foreign currency to the functional currency and from the functional currency to the presentation currency. The last chapter compares both legislation and it warns about the most important differences.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:45:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Etienne Fantini de Almeida.pdf: 2670830 bytes, checksum: 1d9a056e5573c46e3438afe9a4938349 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This paper aims to show how to build the discourse of text Presentation of textbooks and the strategies used by authors to achieve their goals before their readers. We chose to analyze the discourse in the texts of Presentation of textbooks in different areas of knowledge and different levels of education recommended by the National Textbook of Primary and Middle School (PNLD / PNLEM - 2009). For the examination of this text, the emphasis has been the Discourse Theory of Semiotics of French origin and developed by Algirdas Julien Greimas. We chose the semiotic study due to the fact that semiotic theory and method proposed to explain the meanings of the text and the discursive strategies and procedures used to construct these meanings. Emphasis was also, among other procedures, the effects of sense of orality in the text written and the choice of certain kinds of speech. Orality and genre were examined from the perspective of semiotic theory, strategies of persuasion as the model of semiotic analysis. Presentations of the texts were compared regarding their education levels and their areas of knowledge. Such comparisons were made in order to see how the text produces meaning for your reader to understand and spread the values which these texts. / Este trabalho teve por finalidade evidenciar como se constrói o discurso dos textos de Apresentação dos livros didáticos e quais as estratégias utilizadas pelos autores a fim de atingir seus objetivos diante de seus leitores. Optou-se por analisar o discurso presente nos textos de Apresentação dos livros didáticos de diferentes áreas do conhecimento e de diferentes níveis de ensino recomendados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático do Ensino Fundamental e do Ensino Médio (PNLD / PNLEM - 2009). Para o exame desse texto, privilegiou-se a Teoria da Semiótica Discursiva, de origem francesa e desenvolvida por Algirdas Julien Greimas. Optou-se pelo estudo semiótico devido ao fato de a Semiótica propor teoria e método para explicar os sentidos do texto, bem como as estratégias e os procedimentos discursivos utilizados para a construção desses sentidos. Foi dada ênfase, ainda, entre outros procedimentos, aos efeitos de sentido de oralidade presentes no texto escrito e a escolha de determinados gêneros do discurso. A oralidade e o gênero discursivo foram examinados na perspectiva da teoria semiótica, como estratégias de persuasão do modelo semiótico de análise. Os textos de Apresentação foram comparados considerando seus níveis de ensino e suas áreas do conhecimento. Tais comparações foram feitas com a finalidade de verificar como o texto produz significados para seu leitor e de compreender quais os valores disseminados nesses textos.

B cells recognise antigens on micro-organisms through their B cell receptor (BCR) and via Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and thus respond in both innate and adaptive manners during the subsequent immune response. Innate recognition through TLRs has the potential to alter the behaviour of whole B cell populations. I show, here, that MyD88-dependent activation of B cells via TLR2 or TLR9 causes the rapid loss of expression of CD62L, by metalloproteinasedependent shedding, resulting in the exclusion of these cells from lymph nodes and Peyer’s patches, but not the spleen. Moreover, systemic infection with Salmonella typhimurium causes shedding of CD62L and the subsequent focussing of B cell migration to the spleen. I reveal that splenic B cells undergo further changes during S. typhimurium infection, including TLR-dependent differentiation of marginal zone B cells into IgM-secreting plasma cells. Together, these TLR-mediated alterations to B cells are likely to influence the development of immunity to pathogens carrying the appropriate ligands. In addition to these innate responses of B cells, endocytosis of cognate antigen through their BCR allows antigen presentation. This, together with their ability to secrete cytokines, means they have the potential to drive T helper cell responses. I investigate the role of B cells in such CD4+ T cell responses by following antigen-specific T cells in vivo, using both a peptide immunisation strategy and the S. typhimurium infection model. I use anti-CD20 B cell depletion antibodies to deplete B cells at various stages of the immune response, and analyse the effects on T follicular helper and memory cell populations. I show that both the generation and maintenance of T follicular helper cells is dependent on the presence of B cells. Furthermore, I demonstrate that B cells are necessary very early in immune responses, during the first 10 days, for efficient generation of memory T cells.