Antal individer som söker sig till vidareutbildning på akademisk nivå har ökat under den senaste finanskrisen. Studier på landets lärosäten är oftast en mångårig process och kräver både motivation och tro på egen förmåga. Deltagarna i denna studie kommer från olika högskolor och studieinriktningar och har i många fall lämnat en trygg inkomstkälla i valet att vidareutbilda sig. För att undersöka betydelsen av en individs arbetslivserfarenhets i valet av utbildning användes mätinstrumentet AMS för att mäta motivation och GSE för att mäta grad av self-efficacy. Resultatet visade att det föreligger en statistisk signifikant skillnad på arbetslivserfarenhet och grad av self-efficacy samt att individer som saknar arbetslivserfarenhet upplever mer amotivation gentemot sina studier. Studiens slutsats ligger i linje med tidigare forskning vilket är att studenter motiveras i högre grad av yttre motivation vid valet av studier.

Im Beitrag werden wesentliche Herausforderungen denen Ärzte als Berufsgruppe aktuell gegenüberstehen aufgezeigt und in Bezug auf ihre Auswirkungen hinsichtlich des traditionellen ärztlichen Berufsbildes diskutiert. Ärzte können dabei als Angehörige einer geradezu klassischen Profession betrachtet werden. So werden im Beitrag allgemeine professionsspezifische Merkmale, wie z.B. die Anwendung hochspezifischen Wissens, der hohe Autonomiegrad in Bezug auf die Durchführung der eigenen Tätigkeit oder die Orientierung an einem „Berufsethos“, auf Ärzte übertragen und spezifiziert. Anschließend werden Herausforderungen in Form 1) der Entwicklung zur Wissens- und Informationsgesellschaft, 2) des demographischen Wandels in Deutschland und insbesondere 3) die aktuellen Tendenzen einer neuen politischen Steuerungslogik von Gesundheitsleistungen erläutert. Dann wird aufgezeigt, dass diese Tendenzen in vielerlei Hinsicht eine Bedrohung für das traditionelle professionelle Berufsbild des Arztes darstellen, indem etwa eine Aushöhlung des ärztlichen Wissensbestandes wahrgenommen werden kann oder die bisherigen Standards des ärztlichen Arbeitsvollzuges hinterfragt werden. Diese Bedrohung äußert sich dabei u.a. in konkreten Handlungskonflikten, denen Ärzte in ihrer alltäglichen Berufspraxis, d.h. im täglichen Umgang mit Patienten, gegenüberstehen. Insofern behandelt der Beitrag zugleich mögliche Auswirkungen auf den ärztlichen Arbeitsvollzug und die Erbringung von Gesundheitsleistungen. Der Fokus richtet sich dabei insbesondere auf die ärztliche Praxis in Krankenhäusern. Letztlich wird hervorgehoben, dass Erkenntnisse über Professionen, professionelle Handlungsmuster und die damit zusammenhänge Steuerungslogik professioneller Leistungen in sogenannten „professionellen“ oder „bürokratisch-professionellen“ Organisationen von genereller Wichtigkeit sind, um die aktuell ablaufenden Veränderungsprozesse in medizinischen Einrichtungen analysierbar und in ihrer sozialen Dynamik als auch ihrer Ergebnisse interpretierbar zu machen. / The paper shows that German hospital clinicians are faced with crucial challenges to their professional self-understanding nowadays. For this, clinicians are introduced as professionals by explaining specific characteristics of their occupation, like the knowledge intense activity or the high grade of work autonomy. Further the papers explains that the present challenges express conflicts between the traditional occupational orientation of clinicians and new expectations referring to the manner of clinical work. Three main challenges are to identify 1) the development of a knowledge intensive society, with growing possibilities to get information about disease diagnosis and therapy 2) the demographic change and 3) the partly corresponding changes in the political steering of public health services. The paper points out, that these developments threat traditional professional orientations as they lead to a socially perceived hollowing out of medical knowledge and a change of professional standards of medical performance. It is to highlight that these conflicts cannot only get separated as subjective or psychological problem of clinicians. Moreover these conflicts influence the concrete treatment of patients in hospitals. In this way, the paper delivers insights to analyse, understand and judge present change contents and change dynamics in „professional organizations” and „bureauprofessional organizations”.

Self-reflection is an integral part of student?s training, including practical training. Self-reflection can be seen as a professional development and also as a development of personality. The aim was to characterize the reflection of social work students within the linking theory and professional practice. In the theoretical part of this diploma, author focuses on the concept of self-reflection, reflection and self-knowledge. Author also briefly describes social work, skills required for the performance of social work and the importance of appropriate professional experience. Author deals with how theoretical knowledge and practical experience can be connected and how personal experience can be reflected. In subsequent chapters is described supervision as one of its goals is self-reflection. The focus is mainly on auto-supervision and development supervision. In the last chapter author tries to outline the impact of ethics, rules and their dilemmas that affect social work. In the research part is set the main objective: "To characterize the reflection of social work students within the linking theory and professional practice." Author also sets two partial objectives: "To determine the nature of reflection of social work students in relation to the length of study." And: "To identify the extent of students' use of reflection during their professional practice." To fulfill the objectives method of qualitative research technique with half standardized interview was chosen. The interview had structure of broadly worded questions that pointed to the knowledge of the problem. The research group consists of students of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies who completed Bachelor and subsequent Master study in the discipline of Rehabilitation ? psychosocial care for handicapped children, adults and seniors. The character of reflection in relation to length of study and level of use of reflection is defined in the proposed hypotheses. The gained finding can be used to improve students' self-reflection and the development of social work professional practice.

Syftet med undersökningen var att ge en bild av hur studenter i en högskoleutbildning på distans upplever sitt lärande. Fokus har lagts på den eventuella kopplingen mellan studenternas yrkeserfarenhet/yrkespraktik och deras lärande i en utbildning. Undersökningen utgår ifrån ett kvalitativt forskningsperspektiv och ett fenomenologiskt synsätt. Den empiriska undersökningen genomfördes i form av intervjuer med fem studenter som utbildar sig till lärare inom förskola och förskoleklass. Intervjuerna bearbetades och analyserades utifrån undersökningens syfte och frågeställningar och utmynnande i ett antal övergripande områden och teman. Resultatet visar att studenterna upplever att yrkeserfarenheten påverkar deras lärande bland annat genom ett praxisnära förhållningssätt och att de ”tänker i arbetet” när de studerar. Studenterna ser många fördelar med att arbeta parallellt med studierna och anser att deras erfarenhet i stor utsträckning tas tillvara i utbildningen. De effekter som studierna upplevs ha fått i yrkespraktiken är framför allt att studenterna kan sätta ord på sitt handlande och reflektera över sitt eget förhållningssätt och den egna verksamheten i större utsträckning än tidigare. / The aim of this study was to describe how distance students in higher education experience learning. The focus of the study is the connection between the students’ professional experience/occupational practice and their learning. The survey is founded on a qualitative research perspective and has a phenomenological approach. The empirical survey was carried out through interviews with five students who train to become teachers for pre-school and pre-school class. The interviews were processed and analyzed on the basis of the research questions, and resulted in a number of general areas and themes. The results indicate that the students experience that their work affect their learning. They have a practical attitude towards their studies and relate to their work practice when studying. The students can see many advantages in working alongside their studies and consider that their experience, to a great extent, is made the most of in their education. The students experience that the effect the studies have had in their occupational practice is, above all, that the they can put their actions into words and reflect upon their own work to a greater extent than before.

<p>Syftet med undersökningen var att ge en bild av hur studenter i en högskoleutbildning på distans upplever sitt lärande. Fokus har lagts på den eventuella kopplingen mellan studenternas yrkeserfarenhet/yrkespraktik och deras lärande i en utbildning. Undersökningen utgår ifrån ett kvalitativt forskningsperspektiv och ett fenomenologiskt synsätt. Den empiriska undersökningen genomfördes i form av intervjuer med fem studenter som utbildar sig till lärare inom förskola och förskoleklass. Intervjuerna bearbetades och analyserades utifrån undersökningens syfte och frågeställningar och utmynnande i ett antal övergripande områden och teman. Resultatet visar att studenterna upplever att yrkeserfarenheten påverkar deras lärande bland annat genom ett praxisnära förhållningssätt och att de ”tänker i arbetet” när de studerar. Studenterna ser många fördelar med att arbeta parallellt med studierna och anser att deras erfarenhet i stor utsträckning tas tillvara i utbildningen. De effekter som studierna upplevs ha fått i yrkespraktiken är framför allt att studenterna kan sätta ord på sitt handlande och reflektera över sitt eget förhållningssätt och den egna verksamheten i större utsträckning än tidigare.</p> / <p>The aim of this study was to describe how distance students in higher education experience learning. The focus of the study is the connection between the students’ professional experience/occupational practice and their learning. The survey is founded on a qualitative research perspective and has a phenomenological approach. The empirical survey was carried out through interviews with five students who train to become teachers for pre-school and pre-school class. The interviews were processed and analyzed on the basis of the research questions, and resulted in a number of general areas and themes. The results indicate that the students experience that their work affect their learning. They have a practical attitude towards their studies and relate to their work practice when studying. The students can see many advantages in working alongside their studies and consider that their experience, to a great extent, is made the most of in their education. The students experience that the effect the studies have had in their occupational practice is, above all, that the they can put<em> </em>their actions into words and reflect upon their own work to a greater extent than before.</p>

Orientador: Guilherme do Val Toledo Prado / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T07:37:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mota_EdnaceliAbreuDamasceno_M.pdf: 18289463 bytes, checksum: 6a2f2ad7e29887cc3921e652d15131b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Mestrado / Ensino, Avaliação e Formação de Professores / Mestre em Educação

[pt] A tese Linguagem, evidencialidade e posicionamentos de professor: A construção da coerência dos selves em narrativas de experiência discute a construção das identidades profissionais de duas professoras de Língua Portuguesa e Lingüística através de suas histórias de trajetória profissional. As narrativas das professoras são analisadas, discursivamente, através uma postura teórica e metodológica que articula evidencialidade, posicionamento e narrativa. O trabalho assume uma perspectiva interdisciplinar que inclui a Pragmática, a Sociolingüística Interacional, Teorias Socioconstrucionistas, a Psicologia Social e a Psicologia Cultural. Buscamos demonstrar que a construção das identidades profissionais, como posicionamentos, perpassa não somente por questões da biografia pessoal e profissional, mas também pela construção e interpretação que as professoras fazem de horizontes de contextualização interdependentes: o contexto interacional, as comunidades de prática e o contexto macro social de mudanças, incluindo a nova ordem do trabalho. Na construção da coerência narrativa, as narradoras colocam em ação não apenas posicionamentos profissionais, mas também posicionamentos pessoais, posicionamentos de outros e posicionamentos interacionais. Os resultados apontam para a construção diferenciada da coerência dos selves nas narrativas, a partir de escolhas que alternam entre o foco na ação, nos eventos relatados, e o centramento na avaliação e/ou explicação dos eventos, conduzindo a posicionamentos morais. A proposta teórica de articular a evidencialidade com posicionamentos em narrativas de experiência mostrou-se extremamente produtiva, resultando em contribuições relevantes para essas teorias e para o estudo das identidades do profissional de Letras. / [en] The dissertation Language, evidentiality, and teacher´s positioning: The construction of the coherence of selves in narratives of experience discusses the construction of professional identities of two Portuguese Language and Linguistics teachers through their stories of professional trajectory. The narratives produced by the teachers are discursively analyzed from a theoretical and methodological tenet which articulates evidentiality, positioning, and narrative. We assume an interdisciplinary approach which includes Pragmatics, Interactional Sociolinguistics, Socioconstructionist Theories, and Social and Cultural Psychologies. We demonstrate that the construction of professional identities, as positioning, encompasses not only issues of our personal and professional biographies but also the teachers´ construction and interpretation of three horizons of interdependent contextualization, namely, the interaction context, the communities of practice, and the macro-social context of changes, including therein the New Work Order. In the construction of narrative coherence, the narrators not only enact professional positionings, but personal positionings, positionings of others, and interactional positioning. The results point towards a differentiated construction of coherence for the selves in the narratives, aimed at choices that alternate between the focus on action, and on reported events, and the focus on evaluation and/or explanation of events, which conducts to moral positionings. The theoretical proposal of articulating evidentiality with positioning in narratives of experience has shown extremely productive, resulting in relevant contributions for these theories, and for the study of identities of language professionals.

Im Beitrag werden wesentliche Herausforderungen denen Ärzte als Berufsgruppe aktuell gegenüberstehen aufgezeigt und in Bezug auf ihre Auswirkungen hinsichtlich des traditionellen ärztlichen Berufsbildes diskutiert. Ärzte können dabei als Angehörige einer geradezu klassischen Profession betrachtet werden. So werden im Beitrag allgemeine professionsspezifische Merkmale, wie z.B. die Anwendung hochspezifischen Wissens, der hohe Autonomiegrad in Bezug auf die Durchführung der eigenen Tätigkeit oder die Orientierung an einem „Berufsethos“, auf Ärzte übertragen und spezifiziert. Anschließend werden Herausforderungen in Form 1) der Entwicklung zur Wissens- und Informationsgesellschaft, 2) des demographischen Wandels in Deutschland und insbesondere 3) die aktuellen Tendenzen einer neuen politischen Steuerungslogik von Gesundheitsleistungen erläutert. Dann wird aufgezeigt, dass diese Tendenzen in vielerlei Hinsicht eine Bedrohung für das traditionelle professionelle Berufsbild des Arztes darstellen, indem etwa eine Aushöhlung des ärztlichen Wissensbestandes wahrgenommen werden kann oder die bisherigen Standards des ärztlichen Arbeitsvollzuges hinterfragt werden. Diese Bedrohung äußert sich dabei u.a. in konkreten Handlungskonflikten, denen Ärzte in ihrer alltäglichen Berufspraxis, d.h. im täglichen Umgang mit Patienten, gegenüberstehen. Insofern behandelt der Beitrag zugleich mögliche Auswirkungen auf den ärztlichen Arbeitsvollzug und die Erbringung von Gesundheitsleistungen. Der Fokus richtet sich dabei insbesondere auf die ärztliche Praxis in Krankenhäusern. Letztlich wird hervorgehoben, dass Erkenntnisse über Professionen, professionelle Handlungsmuster und die damit zusammenhänge Steuerungslogik professioneller Leistungen in sogenannten „professionellen“ oder „bürokratisch-professionellen“ Organisationen von genereller Wichtigkeit sind, um die aktuell ablaufenden Veränderungsprozesse in medizinischen Einrichtungen analysierbar und in ihrer sozialen Dynamik als auch ihrer Ergebnisse interpretierbar zu machen. / The paper shows that German hospital clinicians are faced with crucial challenges to their professional self-understanding nowadays. For this, clinicians are introduced as professionals by explaining specific characteristics of their occupation, like the knowledge intense activity or the high grade of work autonomy. Further the papers explains that the present challenges express conflicts between the traditional occupational orientation of clinicians and new expectations referring to the manner of clinical work. Three main challenges are to identify 1) the development of a knowledge intensive society, with growing possibilities to get information about disease diagnosis and therapy 2) the demographic change and 3) the partly corresponding changes in the political steering of public health services. The paper points out, that these developments threat traditional professional orientations as they lead to a socially perceived hollowing out of medical knowledge and a change of professional standards of medical performance. It is to highlight that these conflicts cannot only get separated as subjective or psychological problem of clinicians. Moreover these conflicts influence the concrete treatment of patients in hospitals. In this way, the paper delivers insights to analyse, understand and judge present change contents and change dynamics in „professional organizations” and „bureauprofessional organizations”.

Titel: Hur och om fastighetsmäklarens ålder och yrkeserfarenhet har inverkan på kundens val av fastighetsmäklare Nivå: Kandidatuppsats  Författare: Jennifer Dagsberg och Nadja Andersen Handledare: Peter Karpestam Datum: Maj 2021 Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att bidra till en ökad förståelse kring vilka faktorer som påverkar kundens val av mäklare. Metod: Metoden som valts att användas för studien är en kvantitativ forskningsansats. Efter insamlade svar från en webbaserad enkät, som besvarats av 138 respondenter, har en sammanställning gjorts. Detta empiriska material har genomgått analysering i programmet SPSS där korrelationsanalys, gruppstatistiks-analys och diverse t-tester har genomförts. Detta för att få fram resultat för de frågor som besvarats av de som har sålt respektive de som inte har sålt men även de frågor som besvarats av alla.  Resultat: Resultatet för studien visar att ålder har en inverkan på kundens val av fastighetsmäklare, men inte i samma utsträckning som yrkeserfarenhet har. Respondenter i de olika åldrarna som både har sålt och inte har sålt gav svar som tyder på att de främst skulle valt en mäklare med över 5 års yrkeserfarenhet. Vid direkta frågor om mäklarens ålders betydelse svarade samtliga respondenter att det var varken eller. Däremot vid frågor kring den ideala mäklarens ålder så påvisas ett resultat där ålder har betydelse till viss del.  Nyckelord: yrkeserfarenhet, ålder, fastighetsmäklare / Title: How and if the real estate agent's age and professional experience affect the client's choice of broker Level: Bachelor's thesis Author: Jennifer Dagsberg and Nadja Andersen Supervisor: Peter Karpestam Date: May 2021 Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to contribute to an increased understanding of the factors that affect the customer's choice of broker. Method: The method chosen for the study is a quantitative research approach. After collecting answers from a web-based survey, which was answered by 138 respondents, a compilation has been made. This empirical material has been analyzed in the program SPSS where correlation analysis, group statistics analysis and various t-tests have been performed. This is to get results for the questions answered by those who have sold and those who have not sold, but also the questions answered by everyone. Result: The results of the study show that age has an impact on the customer's choice of real estate agent, but not to the same extent as professional experience. Respondents of the different ages who have both sold and not sold gave answers that indicate that they would mainly choose a broker with over 5 years of professional experience. When asked directly about the broker's age's significance, all respondents answered that it was neither or. On the other hand, in questions about the ideal broker's age, a result is demonstrated where age matters to some extent. Keywords: professional experience, age, real estate agent

Syftet med uppsatsen var att undersöka om socialsekreterare som arbetar med barn och unga inom socialtjänsten upplever att kvaliteten i det klientnära arbetet påverkas av reducerad arbetstid samt om det ser olika ut beroende på erfarenheten inom yrket. Teorier om balans mellan arbets- och privatliv, handlingskompetensens utveckling samt evidensbaserad praktik har använts för att förstå det insamlade materialet. Studien genomfördes genom en webbaserad enkät som skickades ut till enhetschefer inom socialtjänstens enhet för barn och unga i fyra olika svenska kommuner. Enkäten vidarebefordrades till 103 medarbetare varav 34 av dessa svarade. Materialet har analyserats genom univariat och bivariat analys och redovisats genomtabeller, figurer och text. Resultatet visade inget som tyder på att yrkeserfarenhetens längd hos socialsekreterare påverkar upplevelsen av kvalitet i det klientnära arbetet. Resultatet visade även att majoriteten av socialsekreterarna upplevde sig nöjda med kvaliteten gentemot sina klienter samt att de i stor utsträckning hinner med sina tilldelade ärenden inom utsatt tid, oavsett om socialsekreterarna omfattades av arbetstidsförkortning eller inte. Det enda i studiens resultat som tydde på ett samband i upplevelsen av kvalitet i det klientnära arbetet var gällande barnsamtal där socialsekreterarna med arbetstidsförkortning i högre grad ansåg att arbetstiden var tillräcklig för att uppnå god kvalitet i detta arbetsmoment. Slutsatsen var att det verkar finnas ett visst samband mellan socialsekreterare som har arbetstidsförkortning och upplevelsen av att tiden räcker till för att uppnå god kvalitet i barnsamtal samt att arbetstidsförkortningen till syneshar god effekt på socialsekreterare och deras arbetssituation. / The purpose of this essay was to examine whether social workers who work with children and young people in the social services feel that the quality of the client-oriented work is affected by reduced working hours and if it looks different depending on the experience in the profession. Theories of work-life balance, the development of action competence and evidencebased practice have been used to understand the collected material. The study was conducted through a web-based questionnaire that was sent out to unit managers in the social services unit for children and young people in four different Swedish municipalities. The questionnaire was forwarded to 103 employees, of which 34 responded. The material has been analyzed through univariate and bivariate analysis and presented through tables, figures and text. The results showed nothing to indicate that the length of professional experience of social workers affects the experience of quality in the client-oriented work. The results also showed that the majority of the social workers felt satisfied with the quality of their work towards their clients and that they to a large extent had time to do their assigned cases within the set time, regardless of whether the social workers had a reduction in working hours or not. The only thing in the study's results that indicated a correlation in the experience of quality in the client-oriented work was regarding child conversations where the social workers with reduced working hours found to a greater extent considered that the working hours were sufficient to achieve good quality in this task. The conclusion was that there seems to be a definite correlation between social workers who have reduced working hours and the experience that there is enough time to achieve good quality in child conversations and that the shortening of working hours seems to have a good effect on social workers and their work situation.