Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

This thesis deals with linguistic stereotypes of cities. Therefore, the object of our interest is onomastic material (oikonyms, ie. own settlement names), which, however, is viewed from the perspective of cognitively and culturally oriented linguistics. The main theory, which the thesis is based on, is J. Bartmiński's theory of stereotype (incl. the so-called. profiling). We have dealt with the names of three Czech cities that currently belong to the administrative unit of the Vysočina Region: Jihlava, Pelhřimov, Pacov. Following the methodology of Polish authors of J. Bartmiński's scope we have analyzed each of them in terms of three areas: language data, text data and empirical data. We found out concrete connotations of these names in Czech language, and on the basis of these findings of ours we have formulated their stereotypes. Besides the formulation of the three selected specific stereotypes, this thesis also presents some general observations about stereotypes of cities. It is esp. a case of a proposal the profiles (ie. general aspects, which are usually used in the process of profiling a stereotype), with which you can work in research on stereotypes of cities in general. Furthermore, this thesis elaborates the methodology of analyzing text data, which should be in the centre of attention...

Le travail qui est présenté dans ce mémoire de thèse s'inscrit dans le domaine de la Spectroscopie moléculaire en phase gazeuse théorique et expérimentale. Il comprend deux parties dédiées à des aspects relativement différents de cette discipline. La première partie présente l'analyse à haute résolution des positions et intensité des raies de la bande ν5 (ouverture angulaire du groupe NO2 dans le plan de la molécule) de DNO3 dans la région spectrale de 11 µm. Pour ce faire, nous avons utilisé un spectre infrarouge enregistré dans la région 700−1400 cm−1 à l'aide d'un spectromètre à transformée de Fourier de l'université « Bergische Universität » à Wuppertal, en Allemagne. Ce travail nous a permis de montrer que la bande ν5, centrée à 887.657 cm−1, est fortement perturbée. L'analyse prouve en effet que les niveaux d'énergie 5^1 et 7^1+9^1 sont couplés par des résonances de Coriolis de types A et B. Le schéma de résonances pour la variété isotopique DNO3 diffère donc fortement de ceux observés pour les états 5^1 et 9^2 de H14NO3 et H15NO3 qui sont majoritairement de type Fermi. Le deuxième problème abordé dans ce travail est celui des profils de raies rotationnelles pures de CH3F avec l'étude des élargissements collisionnels (collisions CH3F-CH3F et CH3F-He) des transitions optiques et de leurs composantes Stark. Des mesures microondes ont été réalisées à l'ESTC à Prague. Leur analyse a permis d'en extraire des paramètres collisionnels à l'aide de divers profils de raies (Voigt, Rautian, dépendantes de vitesse) pour les transitions J, K → J + 1, K (K = 0, …, J) avec J = 1 et J = 3 et leurs diverses composantes Stark J, K, M → J + 1, K, M' (|M| = 0, …, J ; |M − M'| = 0, 1). De plus, un modèle fondé sur l'approximation Infinite Order Sudden (IOS) a été construit pour décrire les effets d'interférences collisionnelles observés. Les résultats expérimentaux obtenus complètent et étendent des travaux précédents et sont la première démonstration de la capacité de l'approximation IOS à modéliser les couplages collisionnels entre composantes Stark / The work presented in this thesis belongs to the domain of theoretical and experimental gas phase molecular spectroscopy. It consists of two parts dedicated to two relatively different aspects in this field. The first part presents a high resolution analysis of the ν5 fundamental band (NO2 in plane bending mode) positions and intensities of D14NO3 (deuterated nitric acid) in the 11 µm spectral region. For this study, we used an infrared spectrum of D14NO3 recorded in the 700−1400 cm−1 region on a Fourier transform spectrometer at Bergische Universität in Wuppertal (Germany). Our analysis demonstrates that the fundamental ν5 band centered at 887.657 cm−1 is strongly perturbed. Indeed, it proves that 5^1 and 7^1+9^1 energy levels of DNO3 are coupled through A and B type Coriolis resonances. The resonance scheme for the isotopologue D14NO3 therefore differs substantially from the schemes of H14NO3 and H15NO3 that feature dominantly Fermi type resonances. The second theme treated in this work is devoted to the lineshapes of pure rotational transitions of CH3F with the study of collisional broadening (collisions CH3F-CH3F and CH3F-He) of optical transitions and their Stark components. The microwave measurements were realised at ICT in Prague. Their analysis enabled to provide collisional parameters using various line profiles (Voigt, Rautian, Speed dependent) for the J, K → J + 1, K (K = 0, …, J) transitions with J = 1 and J = 3 as well as for their various Stark components J, K, M → J + 1, K, M' (|M| = 0, …, J ; |M − M'| = 0, 1). Moreover, a correct use of model based on Infinite Order Sudden approximation led to very satisfactory results of the observed line-mixing effects. The retrieved experimental results complete and extend the previous studies and provide the first successful demonstration of the ability of the IOS approximation to model line-mixing effects among Stark transitions

Les profils permettent de customiser UML pour un domaine particulier. Cette customisation se fait par l’ajout de concepts (stéréotypes) relatifs au domaine, l’ajout de contraintes sur ces concepts ainsi que la résolution de points de variation sémantiques. Il existe un processus établit et documenté dans l’état de l’art permettant de construire la syntaxe de ces langages basés sur UML. En revanche, ce processus ne couvre pas l’aspect formalisation de la sémantique et les propositions issues de l’état de l’art ne présentent pas d’approches systématiques pour traiter ce problème.La formalisation de la sémantique est un point essentiel de la construction d’un langage car elle permet de donner le sens des constructions syntaxiques. Pour être efficace, la formalisation de la sémantique d’un langage doit être menée conjointement à une action de normalisation. L’intérêt d’avoir une sémantique formelle et standard pour un langage est qu’elle permet aux modèles définis dans ce langage d’être exploités (analyse, exécution, simulation, etc.) de manière équivalente entre les outils. Cette équivalence permet aux utilisateurs d’observer des interprétations identiques d’un même modèle entre différents outils et donc d’avoir une compréhension commune du modèle et de la sémantique associée. Dans le contexte des profils, les actions de normalisations menées par l’OMG se concentrent exclusivement sur la syntaxe et la formalisation de la sémantique est négligée. Nous proposons de répondre à ce problème en nous appuyant sur les spécifications fUML et PSCS qui définissent une sémantique normative pour un sous-ensemble d’UML.Dans un premier temps, nous définissons deux méthodologies alternatives s’appuyant sur ces standards permettant de formaliser la sémantique d’exécution d’un profil UML. Dans la première méthodologie la sémantique d’exécution d’un profil est formalisée au niveau du modèle de domaine. La forme exécutable d’un modèle applicatif profilé est obtenue par transformation de modèle. Dans la seconde méthodologie, la sémantique est définie directement pour le profil. Le modèle qui la formalise est une extension du modèle sémantique de fUML/PSCS formalisée avec fUML. Les modèles sémantiques obtenus sont conformes à fUML ce qui les rend par construction exécutables et directement exploitables dans n’importe quel outil implantant les normes UML et fUML. Dans un deuxième temps, nous comparons nos approches sur la base de trois critères : l’effort de modélisation requis pour produire le modèle sémantique, la préservation de la sémantique de base d’UML définie par fUML/PSCS et la possibilité d’identifier rapidement les relations entre les stéréotypes et leurs sémantiques. Cette comparaison, nous permet de montrer la capacité de notre seconde méthodologie à prendre en compte des extensions clefs de la sémantique de base d’UML dans le contexte des profils. Ces éléments clefs sont : la délégation du contrôle, l’instanciation et les communications. L’ensemble de nos contributions ont été outillées dans le contexte de l’outil d’exécution de modèles MOKA qui est intégré au modeleur UML/SysML Papyrus. / UML profiles enable the UML to be tailored to a particular domain. To do so, a profile adds domain specific concepts (i.e., stereotypes) and constraints to UML and disambiguates specific semantic variation points. The design process for abstract syntax of profiles is well documented in the literature. However, specification of the semantics is neglected. According to our researches, there are no proposals in the state-of-the-art that define a systematic approach to solve this problem.Semantic formalization is a key point of language design. It enables to formally define the meaning of syntactic elements. In order to be efficient, the formalization activity must be realized in parallel with a standardization activity. The interest to have a language with a formal standardized semantic is to enable models defined using this latter to be interpreted (analysis, execution, simulation) in equivalent way between tools implementing the semantics. This equivalence enables users to observe similar interpretations of the same model between different tools and therefore to have a shared understanding of this model and the associated semantic.In the context of UML profiles, normalization activities leaded by the OMG are focused on the syntax. The semantic formalization aspect is neglected. We propose to address this problem by relying on fUML and PSCS OMG (Object Management Group) specifications. These standards formalize execution semantics for a subset of UML (classes, composite structures, and activities).Firstly, we define two methodologies relying on these standards to formalize execution semantics of UML profiles execution semantics. The first methodology defines the execution semantics for the domain model underlying the profile. The executable form of an applicative model defined using the profile is obtained by model transformation. In the second methodology, semantics are defined directly for the profile by extending the semantic model of fUML/PSCS using fUML. By being conform to fUML, the semantic model is by construction executable and can be directly used in any tools implementing the UML and fUML standards.Secondly, we compare our approaches against the following criteria: the modelling effort required to build the semantic model, the capability of the methodology to preserve the UML semantics (i.e., the one defined by fUML/PSCS) and the capability to identify clearly the relationships between the stereotypes and their semantics. This comparison enables us to demonstrate the capacity of the second methodology to define key extensions of the UML semantics in the context of a profile. These latter are: the control delegation, the instantiation, and the communications. The contributions have been implemented in our model execution framework Moka which is integrated in the open-source UML/SysML modeling tool Papyrus.

As ectothermic marine megafauna, sea turtle physiology and ecology are tightly intertwined with temperature, seasonality, and oceanography. Identifying how turtles respond when exposed to cold water, how they adapt to cold environments when they need to explore cold environments in order to forage, and what foraging resources are exploited by sea turtles are all components central to their conservation. Cold-stunning is a well-documented phenomenon that occurs when water induced decreases in sea turtle body temperature cause turtles to become immobilized and wash ashore. While most cold-stunned turtles are rescued and rehabilitated, we do not know whether cold-stunning is an acute transient occurrence, or a symptom of a bigger environmental problem. Further, while in some environments avoiding cold water is preferential, in other habitats, sea turtles need to inhabit cold environments in order to forage. Along the Eastern Pacific Rim, discrete upwelling locations are characterized by high primary productivity and unusually cold water. In these environments, avoidance is not possible and sea turtles require physiological adaptions to mitigate body temperature decreases in cold water. Little is known about how turtles handle upwelling environments, despite the fact that sea turtles remain in these habitats regardless of water temperature fluctuations. Because upwelling habitats provide increased nutrient presence, and sea turtles are opportunistic foragers, quantification of diet composition will further our understanding of why sea turtles remain in cold water environments year-round. Diet composition in multiple populations of cohabitating sea turtles revealed partitioning that results in reduced inter-specific competition. Further, flexibility in diets provides a wide range of ecosystem services central to habitat resiliency. Therefore, conservation of endangered sea turtles requires complete ecosystem conservation, and complete understanding of the interconnectivity of sea turtles and their environments is crucial.<br>

Cette thèse s’intéresse à l’activité des formateurs en soins infirmiers utilisant la simulation clinique pleine échelle dans leur dispositif de formation. Ce format, basé sur l’apprentissage expérientiel et la réflexivité sur l’action, est considéré comme innovant et complexe à utiliser. Il requiert notamment une remise en question des pratiques pédagogiques habituelles. Notre contribution cherche à identifier ce qui détermine l’engagement des formateurs dans cette activité, et à comprendre comment et selon quelles logiques celui-ci se manifeste dans les pratiques. La recherche croise les cadres théoriques de la théorie sociocognitive de Bandura (1977) et de la didactique professionnelle (Pastré, 1997, 2002) et utilise des modèles de l’engagement et de l’agir enseignant. Notre étude a une visée descriptive des profils d’engagement dans l’activité et une visée compréhensive de leurs manifestations. Le matériau empirique a été obtenu au moyen d’entretiens semi-directifs, d’observations en situation suivies d’entretiens d’autoconfrontation. Il a été traité selon des méthodes qualitatives et quantitatives. Nos résultats montrent un profil dominant, privilégiant des logiques dialogique et herméneutique, et un second profil, sous-tendu par des logiques personnelle et techniciste, ce qui nous permet de proposer une typologie des profils d’engagement dans l’activité. Les pratiques observées et explicitées montrent l’influence du profil d’engagement sur la posture pédagogique. Nous objectivons une forte tension entre une posture de contrôle et une posture de lâcher-prise, cette dernière étant le révélateur d’une transformation en cours dans les pratiques et dans les croyances. / This thesis in education science focuses on the nurse trainers using full-scale clinical simulation in their training plans. This educational tool, based on experiential apprenticeship and reflexivity on the practice, is considered both innovative and complex to use. It especially requires questioning the customary practices of teaching. The author’s has tried to identify what determines and characterizes the commitment of the trainers in this activity, and to understand how and according to which logics that commitment manifests itself at the heart of their practices. The search crossed the sociocognitive theoretical framework of Bandura (1977) and the vocational didactics (Pastré, 1997, 2002); it also used models of commitment and of teaching practice. This study has a descriptive approach of the commitment profiles in the activity and a comprehensive approach of their demonstrations. The empirical material was obtained from semi-directive interviews, observations in situation followed by self-confrontation interviews. It was handled according to qualitative and quantitative mixed methods. The results highlight a dominant profile, favouring the dialogical and hermeneutic logics, and a second profile, underlined by logics rather personal and technical; hence allowing the author to propose a typology of commitment profiles in the activity. The observed and analysed practices reveal the influence of the commitment profile on the educational perspective. A strong tension between a control position and a “let it go” position was identified, the latter being the sign of a transformation in the implementation of learning beliefs.

Na última década observou-se grande interesse pra o desenvolvimento de técnicas para Recuperação de Imagens Baseada em Conteúdo devido à explosão na quantidade de imagens capturadas e à necessidade de armazenamento e recuperação dessas imagens. A área médica especificamente é um exemplo que gera um grande fluxo de informações, principalmente imagens digitais para a realização de diagnósticos. Porém um problema ainda permanecia sem solução que tratava-se de como atingir a similaridade baseada na percepção do usuário, uma vez que para que se consiga uma recuperação eficaz, deve-se caracterizar e quantificar o melhor possível tal similaridade. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho de Doutorado visou trazer novas contribuições para a área de recuperação de imagens por contúdo. Dessa forma, almejou ampliar o alcance de consultas por similaridade que atendam às expectativas do usuário. Tal abordagem deve permitir ao sistema CBIR a manutenção da semântica da consulta desejada pelo usuário. Assim, foram desenvolvidos três métodos principais. O primeiro método visou a seleção de características por demanda baseada na intenção do usuário, possibilitando dessa forma agregação de semântica ao processo de seleção de características. Já o segundo método culminou no desenvolvimento de abordagens para coleta e agragação de perfis de usuário, bem como novas formulações para quantificar a similaridade perceptual dos usuários, permitindo definir dinamicamente a função de distância que melhor se adapta à percepção de um determinado usuário. O terceiro método teve por objetivo a modificação dinâmica de funções de distância em diferentes ciclos de realimentação. Para tanto foram definidas políticas para realizar tal modificação as quais foram baseadas na junção de informações a priori da base de imagens, bem como, na percepção do usuário no processo das consultas por similaridade. Os experimentos realizados mostraram que os métodos propostos contribuíram de maneira efetiva para caracterizar e quantificar a similaridade baseada na percepção do usuário, melhorando consideravelmente a busca por conteúdo segundo as expectativas dos usuários / In the last decade techniques for content-based image retrieval (CBIR) have been intensively explored due to the increase in the amount of capttured images and the need of fast retrieval of them. The medical field is a specific example that generates a large flow of information, especially digital images employed for diagnosing. One issue that still remains unsolved deals with how to reach the perceptual similarity. That is, to achieve an effectivs retrieval, one must characterize and quantify the perceptual similarity regarding the specialist in the field. Therefore, the present thesis was conceived tofill in this gap creating a consistent support to perform similarity queries over images, maintaining the semantics of a given query desired by tyhe user, bringing new contribuitions to the content-based retrieval area. To do so, three main methods were developed. The first methods applies a novel retrieval approach that integrates techniques of feature selection and relevance feedback to preform demand-driven feature selection guided by perceptual similarity, tuning the mining process on the fly, according to the user´s intention. The second method culminated in the development of approaches for harvesting and surveillance of user profiles, as well as new formulations to quantify the perceptual similarity of users , allowing to dynamically set the distance function that best fits the perception of a given user. The third method introduces a novel approach to enhance the retrieval process through user feedback and profiling, modifying the distance function in each feedback cycle choosing the best one for each cycle according to the user expectation. The experiments showed that the proposed metods effectively contributed to capture the perceptual similarity, improving in a great extent the image retrieval according to users´expectations

Simuladores de tráfego são ferramentas importantes para planejamento e operação do tráfego, pois permitem avaliar cenários de maneira segura e com baixo custo. Porém, a configuração original desses programas é ajustada para replicar as condições do tráfego observado no país de origem do simulador. Em rodovias, o modelo de desempenho de caminhões tem grande influência no comportamento da corrente de tráfego. No Vissim, todavia, esse modelo simula veículos com melhor desempenho, se comparados aos caminhões brasileiros. Apresenta-se neste trabalho a calibração das funções de aceleração para caminhões do Vissim, utilizando a diferença entre perfis de velocidade simulados e reais como medidas de ajuste. Os perfis de velocidade foram criados a partir de dados de GPS para caminhões que trafegaram ao longo de uma rodovia de pista dupla em relevo ondulado, sob baixo fluxo de tráfego. O ruído na velocidade presente nesses dados foi atenuado por meio de um filtro gaussiano. Determinou-se então o perfil longitudinal da rodovia através dos pontos coletados pelo GPS, de modo a ser possível comparar as velocidades reais e simuladas em pontos preestabelecidos ao longo do trecho. A calibração foi automatizada por meio de um algoritmo genético. Todas as replicações da calibração resultaram em configurações para as funções de aceleração capazes de gerar perfis de velocidade simulados mais próximos dos reais se comparadas à configuração original do simulador. Por fim, um estudo de caso foi usado para demonstrar a necessidade de recalibração do simulador, através da avaliação do impacto causado pela calibração do simulador nos equivalentes veiculares obtidos com dados simulados. / Traffic simulators are important tools for traffic planning and operation, as they can be used to perform safe, low-cost scenario evaluation. However, these software\'s default configuration is adjusted to replicate the traffic conditions found in the simulators\' country of origin. The truck performance model heavily impacts traffic behavior in simulations of freeway segments. The default values for Vissim\'s performance model are adjusted for trucks with lower mass/power ratios than typical Brazillian trucks. The objective of the research reported here was to recalibrate Vissim\'s truck acceleration functions using the difference between real and simulated truck speed profiles as goodness-of-fit measures. The speed profiles were created using GPS data obtained from trucks travelling over a four-lane freeway situated on rolling terrain, under low traffic flow. Speed noise was removed from GPS data using a Gaussian filter. The longitudinal profile of the freeway was determined using GPS data, to allow for the comparison of observed and simulated speeds at fixed points along the segment. The calibration procedure was automated and based on a genetic algorithm. Every calibration run provided a configuration for the acceleration functions that reduced the difference between simulated and real speed profiles, if compared to the simulator\'s default configuration. The effects of the truck performance model recalibration were demonstrated by means of a case study focusing on the estimation of passenger-car equivalents for Brazilian trucks travelling on freeways.

OBJETIVOS: investigar a prevalência e a presença de distintos perfis microbianos no biofilme subgengival e avaliar o seu papel no diagnóstico e risco das doenças periodontais destrutivas em uma população isolada brasileira sem acesso à tratamento periodontal e tradição ao uso de métodos de higiene bucal. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: A população-alvo consistiu de todos os indivíduos com 12 ou mais anos de idade (N= 264) residentes na microárea Cajaíba, identificados por meio de um censo. Estes indivíduos foram entrevistados por meio de um questionário estruturado e submetidos a um exame periodontal completo que consistiu na avaliação de 6 sítios por dente em toda a boca e na coleta de amostras do biofilme subgengival em 4 sítios por indivíduo. A detecção dos micro-organismos A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, T. forsythia e C. rectus, bem como a distribuição dos sorotipos e presença do clone JP2 do A. actinomycetemcomitans foram avaliadas por meio da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). RESULTADOS: A. actinomycetemcomitans foi detectado em 25% dos indivíduos, enquanto que P. gingivalis T. forsythia, P.intermedia e C. rectus foram detectados em 64%, 59%, 38% e 90% dos indivíduos, respectivamente. Entre as amostras positivas para o A. actinomycetemcomitans (n=42), 18 (42%) representaram o sorotipo a, 2 (5%) o sorotipo b, 19 (46%) o sorotipo c, 1 (2%) o sorotipo e, e 4 (10%) foram não-sorotipáveis. O clone JP2 do A. actinomycetemcomitans não foi detectado em nenhum indivíduo desta população. Dois perfis microbianos subgengivais foram identificados: (perfil 1) nenhum dos microrganismos estudados, com exceção do C. rectus (n = 31), e (perfil 2) co-ocorrência de P. gingivalis e T. forsythia (n = 77). O perfil 1 demonstrou valores de sensibilidade extremamente baixos, enquanto que o perfil 2 apresentou valores de sensibilidade variados na identificação dos desfechos subrrogados periodontais avaliados, e valores de baixos a moderados para a especificidade. Os seguintes perfis subgengivais estiveram associados com a prevalência de perda clínica de inserção (NCI) e profundidade de sondagem (PS) nos modelos finais de regressão logística múltipla, ajustados para variáveis demográficas, biológicas e comportamentais: T. forsythia (PS e NCI 5 mm, e 7 mm), P. gingivalis (NCI 7 mm) e o perfil 2 (PS 5 mm e NCI 7 mm). CONCLUSÕES: Os micro-organismos periodontais estudados foram prevalentes nessa população isolada. Esta população apresentou predominância dos sorotipos a e c do A. actinomycetemcomitans. Dois perfis microbianos subgengivais puderam ser identificados nesta população isolada. Porém, eles não foram superiores ao diagnóstico de parâmetros clínicos periodontais específicos, quando adicionados à informação clínica tradicional. Perfis microbianos subgengivais apresentando T. forsythia como indicador de risco foram significativamente associados com o aumento da PS e do NCI nessa população isolada. / AIMS: To investigate the prevalence and describe the subgingival microbial profiles of selected periodontal pathogens in the subgingival biofilm; and assess their role as possible diagnostic markers or risk indicators for destructive periodontal diseases in a periodontally untreated and isolated population from Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The target population consisted of all subjects aged 12 years (n=264) in an isolated Brazilian population. A full-mouth clinical examination was conducted, and pooled subgingival plaque samples were obtained from four sites per subject. PCR analyses were performed to identify the following microorganisms: A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, P. intermedia and C. rectus, as well as the A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype distribution and JP2 clone detection. RESULTS: A. actinomycetemcomitans was detected in 25% of the subjects, whereas P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, P.intermedia and C. rectus were detected in 64%, 59%, 38% and 90% of the subjects, respectively. From the A. actinomycetemcomitans positive isolates (n=42), 18 (42%) were serotype a, 2 (5%) b, 19 (46%) c, 1 (2%) e, and 4 (10%) were non-serotypeable. None of the strains belonged to the JP2 clone. Two specific subgingival microbial profiles were identified: (1) In one, only C. rectus could or not be present (n = 31), while in the other, (2) Co-occurrence of T. forsythia and P. gingivalis was observed (n = 77). Profile 1 showed very low sensitivity values, and profile 2 showed varying sensitivity values for the identification of the various periodontal states, and considerably low to moderate specificity values. The following subgingival profiles were significantly associated with the prevalence of periodontal attachment loss (CAL) and probing depth (PD) in the final multiple logistic regression models adjusted for demographic, biological and behavioral variables: T. forsythia (PD and CAL 5 mm and 7 mm), P. gingivalis (CAL 7 mm) and the profile 2 (PD 5 mm and CAL 7 mm). CONCLUSIONS: The five studied periodontal microorganisms were prevalent in this isolated population. The A. actinomycetemcomitans positive subjects consisted predominantly of a and c serotypes. Two specific microbial profiles could be identified in this isolated population. They did not result in significant superior diagnostic accuracy when compared totraditional clinical markers. Subgingival microbial profiles presenting T. forsythia as risk indicator were significantly associated with increased PD and CAL in this isolated population.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T14:01:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A evolução constante da tecnologia computacional e das redes sem fio tem tornado os dispositivos móveis cada vez menores e mais poderosos, provendo serviços em qualquer lugar e a qualquer momento. Neste contexto, áreas de pesquisa como as de educação, medicina, jogos e entretenimentos, automobilístico e atualmente o comércio têm experimentado forte crescimento com a adoção destas novas tecnologias. Esta dissertação propõe um modelo de comércio ubíquo chamado MUCS, que utiliza computação ubíqua para a geração de oportunidades de negócio aos usuários nos papeis de clientes e/ou fornecedores. Também são descritos nesta dissertação diversos cenários do cotidiano onde o modelo MUCS pode ser aplicado, e o protótipo que foi implementado para validá-los. Por fim, são apresentados os resultados obtidos em experimentos práticos, com a participação de usuários, cujos principais objetivos foram o de validar os cenários apresentados, e avaliar a aceitação do modelo proposto. / The constant evolution of computing technology and wireless networks have made the wireless devices smaller and more powerful, providing services anywhere at any time. In this context, research areas such as education, medicine, games and entertainment, automakers and businesses have been experiencing high growth with the adoption of new technologies. This essay proposes a ubiquitous commercial model called MUCS, which utilizes ubiquitous computing to generate business opportunities to users, being them customers and/or providers. It also describes several everyday scenarios where the MUCS model can be applied, and the prototype which has been implemented to validate them. Finally, the results obtained are presented through a practical experiment, with the participation of users whose main objectives were to validate the presented scenarios, and evaluate the acceptance of the proposed model.