A presente pesquisa investiga as epidemias de febre amarela - em 1897 e 1900 - e de gripe espanhola - em 1918 - ocorridas em Sorocaba e a atuação do médico Álvaro César da Cunha Soares no seu combate, a fim de revelar as condições sanitárias de uma cidade que passava por grandes transformações, como o crescimento urbano e a industrialização, em um contexto de consolidação da medicina oficial e de acirrados debates em torno das questões relacionadas à saúde pública. Para tanto, traça-se um panorama das condições sanitárias e de saúde pública de Sorocaba entre o final do século XIX e o início do século XX, apontando o agravamento dos problemas sociais e o aumento do número de casos de determinadas enfermidades. Desse modo, pretende-se demonstrar como a condição de vida da população pobre sorocabana foi se deteriorando cada vez mais enquanto a cidade apresentava um relativo crescimento urbano e industrial. As epidemias de febre amarela são reconstituídas, abordando-se questões políticas, sociais e científicas que se desenrolaram no decorrer dos surtos epidêmicos, em um contexto de disputa entre o poder estadual, representado pelo Serviço Sanitário do Estado de São Paulo, e os poderes locais, representados por médicos e autoridades públicas municipais, na condução das medidas de combate às epidemias. A epidemia de gripe espanhola na cidade representou um desafio às autoridades públicas locais e uma ameaça à estabilidade econômica local - em um momento em que o crescimento industrial da cidade era colocado em evidência. Desse modo, estudando as epidemias que assolaram Sorocaba na virada do século XIX para o XX e acompanhando a atuação de Álvaro Soares nesse contexto, pretende-se compreender melhor a relação entre a consolidação da medicina oficial no Estado de São Paulo e suas implicações nas práticas em saúde pública / This research investigates epidemics of yellow fever - in 1897 and 1900 - and the Spanish flu - in 1918 - occurred in Sorocaba and the performance of the medical Álvaro César Soares da Cunha in combating them, in order to reveal the sanitary conditions of a city passing through major transformations, such as urban growth and industrialization, in a context of consolidation of official medicine and heated debates on issues related to public health. To this end, draws up an overview of public health and sanitary conditions of Sorocaba in the late nineteenth and the early twentieth century, pointing to the worsening of social problems and the increasing number of cases of certain diseases. Thus, it is intended to demonstrate how the living conditions of the poor in Sorocaba was deteriorating more and more as the city had a relative urban and industrial growth. The yellow fever epidemics are reconstituted, addressing political, social and scientific issues that unfolded over the outbreaks, in a dispute context between state power, represented by the State Sanitation Service of São Paulo, and local authorities, represented by physicians and municipal authorities, in the conduct of measures to combat epidemics. The Spanish flu epidemic in the city was a challenge to local public authorities and a threat to local economic stability - at a time when the industrial growth of the city was placed in evidence. Thus, studying the epidemics that ravaged Sorocaba in the late nineteenth century to the twentieth and monitoring the performance of Alvaro Soares in this context, it is intended to better understand the relationship between the consolidation of official medicine in the State of São Paulo and its implications for practice in public health

O Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) resulta de um ataque autoimune contra as células pancreáticas, extinguindo a produção de insulina e levando à hiperglicemia. Evidências indicam uma associação entre o estresse oxidativo (que pode causar danos no DNA) e o DM1, sendo que apenas alguns trabalhos da literatura relataram a expressão de genes relacionados à respostas ao estresse oxidativo e reparo do DNA em DM1. Ainda, os microRNAs (reguladores pós-transcricionais da expressão gênica) estão envolvidos em vários processos biológicos e condições patológicas, mas informação sobre a expressão dos microRNAs em DM1 ainda é escassa. A fim de proporcionar um melhor entendimento sobre as vias de regulação de genes participantes de processos biológicos relevantes para o DM1, o presente estudo consistiu em analisar os perfis de expressão gênica (método de microarranjos) de microRNAs e de mRNAs (bem como de algumas proteínas) provenientes de células mononucleares do sangue periférico (PBMCs, do inglês peripheral blood mononuclear cells) de pacientes DM1 (n=19) em comparação com indivíduos sadios não diabéticos (n=11), dando maior enfoque a genes associados à resposta ao estresse oxidativo e reparo do DNA. Os resultados de expressão obtidos pelo método de microarranjos apontaram 44 microRNAs diferencialmente expressos (35 induzidos e nove reprimidos) nos pacientes DM1 e esses microRNAs apresentaram grande especificidade ao estratificar pacientes DM1 dos controles, incluindo hsa-miR-101, hsa-miR148a, hsa-miR-27b e hsa-miR-424, cujos dados de expressão foram confirmados por qRT-PCR. A análise funcional dos genes-alvo dos microRNAs, tanto dos induzidos quanto dos reprimidos, apontou 22 e 12 vias KEGG significativamente enriquecidas, respectivamente, incluindo vias relacionadas ao câncer. Com relação à análise de expressão de mRNAS, 277 genes diferencialmente expressos foram identificados nos pacientes DM1, sendo que 52% deles são potenciais alvos dos microRNAs diferencialmente expressos nos pacientes DM1. Dentre esses alvos foram encontrados genes candidatos ao desenvolvimento da doença, assim como genes implicados nos processos biológicos resposta ao estresse oxidativo e reparo do DNA, como UCP3, PTGS2, ATF3, FOSB, DUSP1 e TNFAIP3, cujos dados de expressão foram confirmados por qRT-PCR. Já a análise de grupos gênicos identificou 49 e 55 grupos gênicos significativamente expressos e enriquecidos em pacientes DM1, respectivamente, destacando-se vias relacionadas à sinalização apoptótica, resposta ao hidroperóxido, reparo do DNA por recombinação homóloga e resposta ao estresse do retículo endoplasmático. Quanto aos dados de expressão proteica (western blotting), PTGS2 e ATF3 não apresentaram níveis de expressão detectáveis em nenhum dos dois grupos estudados, enquanto que para DUSP1 não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos, apesar de os três genes se apresentarem induzidos em pacientes DM1. Os resultados do ensaio do gene repórter da luciferase demonstraram a ocorrência da interação entre hsa-miR-148a e DUSP1 em meio celular. Essa evidência aliada aos dados de western blotting, sugerem a possibilidade de hsa-miR-148a atuar na repressão traducional de DUSP1. Em conjunto, os resultados do presente estudo indicaram perfis distintos de expressão de microRNAs e mRNAs em PBMCs de pacientes DM1 comparados a indivíduos sadios, sendo que adicionalmente, dados inéditos relacionados à interação microRNAs-mRNAs em DM1 foram obtidos, principalmente associados à resposta ao estresse oxidativo e reparo do DNA, sugerindo um distúrbio na rede microRNA-alvo em pacientes DM1. / Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) results from an autoimmune attack against the pancreatic cells, ceasing insulin production, which causes hyperglycemia. Although associations between oxidative stress, which can cause DNA damage, and T1DM have been demonstrated, only a few studies have reported differential expression of genes associated with response to oxidative stress and DNA repair in T1DM patients. Moreover, microRNAs (post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression) are implicated in many biological processes and pathological conditions; however, only scarce information is available in the literature concerning the expression of microRNAs in T1DM. In order to better understand the regulatory pathways involved in biological processes that are relevant to T1DM, we aimed to investigate the microRNA and mRNA transcriptional expression profiles by microarray analysis (as well as expression of selected proteins) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from T1DM patients (n=19) compared with healthy non-diabetic individuals (n=11), emphasizing genes related to response to oxidative stress and DNA repair. Microarray expression results indicated 44 differentially expressed microRNAs (35 up- and nine down-regulated) in T1DM patients, with those microRNAs possessing a discriminatory power to clearly stratify the patients from the controls, including hsa-miR-101, hsa-miR148a, hsa-miR-27b, and hsa-miR-424, whose expression data were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Functional annotation analysis performed on the predicted targets of the differentially expressed microRNAs pointed 22 and 12 annotated KEGG pathways for the overexpressed and repressed microRNAs, respectively, many of them related to cancer. Regarding mRNA microarray results, we detected 277 differentially expressed genes in T1DM patients, with 52% of them being potential targets of the differentially expressed microRNAs in T1DM patients. Among these targets, we identified candidate genes for T1DM as well as genes involved in the biological processes response to oxidative stress and DNA repair, such as UCP3, PTGS2, ATF3, FOSB, DUSP1 and TNFAIP3, whose expression data were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Furthermore, out of the 49 and 55 significantly expressed/enriched gene sets in T1DM patients, respectively, five pathways related to apoptotic signaling, response to hydroperoxide, DNA repair via homologous recombination, and response to endoplasmic reticulum stress were of interest for the present work. Concerning protein expression results (western blotting), PTGS2 and ATF3 expression was not detected for either the patient or the control group, while significant difference in DUSP1 expression was not observed between the two groups, although the corresponding mRNAs of those genes were found induced. Regarding the luciferase assay, our results demonstrated that the interaction between hsa-miR-148a and DUSP1 occurs in the cellular milieu. Therefore, these findings together with those western blotting results suggest that hsa-miR-148a could play a role in DUSP1 translational repression. Altogether, our results indicate distinctive microRNA and mRNA expression profiles in PBMCs from T1DM patients relative to healthy non-diabetic individuals. Furthermore, we have provided novel data regarding microRNA-mRNA interactions in T1DM, in particular involving genes associated with response to oxidative stress and DNA repair, suggesting a perturbation in the microRNA-target network in T1DM patients.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-03-06T14:05:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 josehumbertogoesalves.pdf: 7726809 bytes, checksum: 2bdc724ae928df55c996d5d453664a9a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-03-06T20:24:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 josehumbertogoesalves.pdf: 7726809 bytes, checksum: 2bdc724ae928df55c996d5d453664a9a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-06T20:24:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 josehumbertogoesalves.pdf: 7726809 bytes, checksum: 2bdc724ae928df55c996d5d453664a9a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-02 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Frente ao grande número de entulhos gerados na construção civil atualmente no Brasil, surgem novos métodos construtivos, se servindo de processos mais industrializados para racionalizar os materiais de construção. O Light Steel Frame (LSF) é um desses novos métodos, baseado em perfis de aço que trabalham em conjunto através de subsistemas estruturais, não requisitando água nem produção de materiais in loco. Não só a forma de construir deve ser atualizada para melhor utilizar os recursos produtivos, como também deve-se promover melhorias no gerenciamento das construções. Em virtude disso, uma crescente tecnologia que está cada vez mais sendo agregada na construção civil é a Modelagem De Informação Da Construção, ou simplesmente BIM, da sigla em inglês. BIM permite planejar, projetar, construir, usar e manter uma construção. Para isso, não é necessário que exista um aplicativo que englobe todas essas tarefas. Por utilizar informação parametrizada, aplicativos distintos podem compartilhar uma mesma informação e gerar seus resultados, processo esse denominado de interoperabilidade. Assim, este trabalho tem como foco principal desenvolver uma ferramenta capaz de modelar estruturas em LSF, realizar um pré-cálculo estrutural e também prover meios de permitir a interoperabilidade com outros softwares. Para este fim, foi empregado o SketchUp, que possui uma interface de programação em linguagem Ruby, e possui módulos de geração de dados compatíveis com as necessidades da interoperabilidade. Como resultado, a ferramenta gerada neste trabalho alcançou desempenho satisfatório, mesmo que ainda existam muitos recursos para serem agregados. / The large amount of construction waste currently generated in Brazil demands new construction methods and more industrialized process. The Light Steel Frame (LSF) is one of those new methods based based on structural subsystems comprising steel properties, not ordering water or production of material in loco. Building and its management should be improoved. Building Information Modeling, or simply BIM, allows the planning design, building using and maintaing of building. Therefore, it is not necessary to have an application that includes all these tasks. By means of parameterized information, different applications can share the same information and generate results, a process known as interoperability. This work is mainly focused on developing a tool capable of modeling structures in LSF, performing a structural pre-analysis and also providing a means to enable interoperability with other software. To this end, we applied the SketchUp, which has a programming interface in Ruby language, and has data generation modules compatible with the interoperability needs. As a result, the generated tool in this work has achieved satisfactory performance, even though there are still many resources to be aggregated.

När Windows Vista introducerades förändrades mappstrukturen för hur användarprofilen sparas jämfört med tidigare Windowsversioner såsom Windows XP. Denna rapport undersöker kompatibilitetsproblem med Roaming User Profiles mellan äldre och nyare versioner av operativsystemet. Syftet med rapporten var att utreda vilka problem som kan uppstå, vad det gäller Roaming User Profiles, vid en övergång från Windows XP till Windows Vista eller 7. Undersökningen genomfördes med hjälp av laborationer, litteratur och tester för att hitta problemen såväl som lösningar till dem. Resultatet visar att profiler skapade med Windows XP inte följer med till Windows Vista eller 7 utan det skapas sammanlagt två olika profiler, en för det äldre och en för det nyare operativsystemet. Ett skript som kopierar en användares filer från Windows XP till Vista/7 utformades därför. Slutligen presenterades en handlingsplan med olika alternativ vid en övergång från Windows XP till den nyare generationen av operativsystemen i Windowsfamiljen. Folder Redirection är en väl fungerande lösning dock går funktionaliteten som Roaming User Profiles erbjuder förlorad eftersom man endast får en uppmappning av bl.a. ”Mina Dokument” och ”Start Menu”.

Les réseaux sociaux occupent une place de plus en plus importante dans notre vie quotidienne et représentent une part considérable des activités sur le web. Ce succès s’explique par la diversité des services/fonctionnalités de chaque site (partage des données souvent multimédias, tagging, blogging, suggestion de contacts, etc.) incitant les utilisateurs à s’inscrire sur différents sites et ainsi à créer plusieurs réseaux sociaux pour diverses raisons (professionnelle, privée, etc.). Cependant, les outils et les sites existants proposent des fonctionnalités limitées pour identifier et organiser les types de relations ne permettant pas de, entre autres, garantir la confidentialité des utilisateurs et fournir un partage plus fin des données. Particulièrement, aucun site actuel ne propose une solution permettant d’identifier automatiquement les types de relations en tenant compte de toutes les données personnelles et/ou celles publiées. Dans cette étude, nous proposons une nouvelle approche permettant d’identifier les types de relations à travers un ou plusieurs réseaux sociaux. Notre approche est basée sur un framework orientéutilisateur qui utilise plusieurs attributs du profil utilisateur (nom, age, adresse, photos, etc.). Pour cela, nous utilisons des règles qui s’appliquent à deux niveaux de granularité : 1) au sein d’un même réseau social pour déterminer les relations sociales (collègues, parents, amis, etc.) en exploitant principalement les caractéristiques des photos et leurs métadonnées, et, 2) à travers différents réseaux sociaux pour déterminer les utilisateurs co-référents (même personne sur plusieurs réseaux sociaux) en étant capable de considérer tous les attributs du profil auxquels des poids sont associés selon le profil de l’utilisateur et le contenu du réseau social. À chaque niveau de granularité, nous appliquons des règles de base et des règles dérivées pour identifier différents types de relations. Nous mettons en avant deux méthodologies distinctes pour générer les règles de base. Pour les relations sociales, les règles de base sont créées à partir d’un jeu de données de photos créées en utilisant le crowdsourcing. Pour les relations de co-référents, en utilisant tous les attributs, les règles de base sont générées à partir des paires de profils ayant des identifiants de mêmes valeurs. Quant aux règles dérivées, nous utilisons une technique de fouille de données qui prend en compte le contexte de chaque utilisateur en identifiant les règles de base fréquemment utilisées. Nous présentons notre prototype, intitulé RelTypeFinder, que nous avons implémenté afin de valider notre approche. Ce prototype permet de découvrir différents types de relations, générer des jeux de données synthétiques, collecter des données du web, et de générer les règles d’extraction. Nous décrivons les expériementations que nous avons menées sur des jeux de données réelles et syntéthiques. Les résultats montrent l’efficacité de notre approche à découvrir les types de relations. / In recent years, social network sites exploded in popularity and become an important part of the online activities on the web. This success is related to the various services/functionalities provided by each site (ranging from media sharing, tagging, blogging, and mainly to online social networking) pushing users to subscribe to several sites and consequently to create several social networks for different purposes and contexts (professional, private, etc.). Nevertheless, current tools and sites provide limited functionalities to organize and identify relationship types within and across social networks which is required in several scenarios such as enforcing users’ privacy, and enhancing targeted social content sharing, etc. Particularly, none of the existing social network sites provides a way to automatically identify relationship types while considering users’ personal information and published data. In this work, we propose a new approach to identify relationship types among users within either a single or several social networks. We provide a user-oriented framework able to consider several features and shared data available in user profiles (e.g., name, age, interests, photos, etc.). This framework is built on a rule-based approach that operates at two levels of granularity: 1) within a single social network to discover social relationships (i.e., colleagues, relatives, friends, etc.) by exploiting mainly photos’ features and their embedded metadata, and 2) across different social networks to discover co-referent relationships (same real-world persons) by considering all profiles’ attributes weighted by the user profile and social network contents. At each level of granularity, we generate a set of basic and derived rules that are both used to discover relationship types. To generate basic rules, we propose two distinct methodologies. On one hand, social relationship basic rules are generated from a photo dataset constructed using crowdsourcing. On the other hand, using all weighted attributes, co-referent relationship basic rules are generated from the available pairs of profiles having the same unique identifier(s) attribute(s) values. To generate the derived rules, we use a mining technique that takes into account the context of users, namely by identifying frequently used valid basic rules for each user. We present here our prototype, called RelTypeFinder, implemented to validate our approach. It allows to discover appropriately different relationship types, generate synthetic datesets, collect web data and photo, and generate mining rules. We also describe here the sets of experiments conducted on real-world and synthetic datasets. The evaluation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed relationship discovery approach.

I continue my work on the cognitive-linguistic research of somatisms (names of body parts) and conceptual profiles, into which I bring research findings of Czech sign language. I performed a structural analysis of the signs, where a place of articulation is on the nose. Then I categorized these signs using conceptual profiles: GESTURE, APPEARANCE/ MANIFESTATION, FUNCTION and LOCALIZATION. On the basis of such profiles are shown new possibilities etymological interpretation of a relatively large number of collected signs. The created linguistic picture of the nose in the Czech sign language I compared with the image with the linguistic picture of the nose in the Czech language. I also conducted preliminary probes into other sign languages, which I have served as a guide for effective grasp of the issues.

This study was prompted by the recent increase in academic and public interest in neuromusical brain research, which provides information about how the brain processes music. It is the task of neural science to explain how the individual units of the brain are used to control behaviour, and how the functioning of these units is influenced by an individual's specific environment and relationships with other people. However, the concept of neuromusical research is relatively new to music education. In any learning experience, brain processing (of information) is not an end in itself. The skill of 'thinking' is dependent on the whole integrated mind/body system, with skills being a manifestation of conscious physical responses that demonstrate knowledge acquisition. Howard Gardner's 'Theory of Multiple Intelligences' lists the musical intelligence as one of eight autonomous intelligences: linguistic, logic-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental. All of these intelligences can be developed to a reasonably high level. This thesis uses David Elliott's praxial philosophy as a conceptual basis. Elliott's four meanings of music education: education in music, by music, for music, and by means of music, have been selected to determine the parameters for an 'inclusive' understanding of musical intelligence. Scientific research findings, brain based data, and behavioural results with educational implications have been used to define what is meant by the musical intelligence, and its role in whole brain learning. Whole brain learning (also referred to as 'accelerated' learning or 'super' learning) is examined in the framwork of IQ (intellectual quotient/intelligence), EQ (emotional intelligence), and SQ (spiritual intelligence). It is important to note that the brain imposes certain constraints on the learning ability of individuals, but that there are also numerous benefits to be derived from an awarenss of brain functions pertaining to education in general and music education in particular. These constraints and benefits are an important feature of whole brain learning, with the musical intelligence playing a vital role. / Dissertation (DMus)--University of Pretoria, 2003. / Music / unrestricted

The thesis offers results of a research which has been conducted to look for and describe the typical personal characteristics of a change manager using Predictive Index tool and Kotter´s 8 steps process of change management. The thesis also offers set of practical recommendations for change management leaders as well as for the organizations.

Cette recherche doctorale vise à faire la lumière sur un paradoxe : alors que l'impact des différences culturelles sur les relations de travail est reconnu, la Gestion des Ressources Humaines n'utilise pas tous les leviers dont elle dispose pour aider ses managers à être performants dans les situations interculturelles. Notre travail s'appuie sur l'étude d'un cas unique, celui de Renault où 74 entretiens semi-directifs ont été menés dans une démarche qualitative. Les résultats mettent au jour une vision restrictive de la compétence interculturelle, qui assimile cette compétence à l'expatriation et à ceux qui l'ont vécue. Ces représentations ancrées dans l'histoire de l'internationalisation de l'entreprise influencent les pratiques de GRH et ne correspondent plus tout à fait à la réalité interculturelle de l'entreprise. En effet, notre étude révèle que, suivant la combinaison de ses dimensions, cette compétence donne lieu à une diversité de profils interculturels plus ou moins adaptés à des contextes interculturels variés. Notre contribution théorique consiste donc en une relecture du concept propre à nourrir des pratiques de GRH visant à améliorer l'adéquation entre besoins et ressources en compétences. Dans une logique nouvelle, nous proposons de renoncer à l'évaluation des compétences des individus et de concentrer l'analyse sur l'identification systématique des besoins. Notre contribution managériale porte sur la proposition de pratiques de GRH, dont des variables d'analyse de la complexité interculturelle des contextes. La relecture du concept de compétence interculturelle que nous défendons dans cette recherche peut être proposée à toute entreprise multinationale. / This doctoral research intends to understand a paradox: while the impact of cultural differences on business relationships are well known, the HR function does not equip the managers with the tools necessary to deal adequately with cross-cultural situations. This work is based on a case study conducted at Renault through 74 qualitative interviews. The results show a restrictive understanding of the intercultural competence (ICC) which is equated with expatriation, acquired "automatically," by those assigned to work overseas. It follows that the HR practices based on these beliefs, inherited from an era of rapid international expansion for Renault, no longer correspond to today's cross-cultural reality. Indeed, our findings suggest that, the ICC dimensions combine in multiple ways, resulting in managerial profiles which are more or less adapted according to the professional context. Our main theoretical contribution is the review of the concept of ICC, allowing the HR function to more effectively match competencies to the needs of a given situation. This new approach proposes abandoning individuals' competency assessment to concentrate on a systematic identification of the needs. Secondly, we aim to provide adapted practices for use within the HR function.

This work focuses on the description and characteristics of common problems which graphic designers face daily when working for advertising agencies. This work describes tasks and organises them according to the type of graphic being processed and the types of output. In addition, this work describes the ways these common tasks can be completed using modern graphics editing software. It also provides a practical definition of a graphic designer and graphic agency. The aim of this work is to map out the fundamental tasks with raster graphics which graphic designers must perform most frequently during their work and to suggest an optimal workflow. As a result, after collating all of the proposed solutions, a manual should take form. It should help to facilitate early stages of work for students who may hold the position of junior graphic designer within advertising agencies.