As famílias atuais comportam arranjos que vão além do modelo tradicional da família nuclear heterossexual. Uma destas \"novas\" configurações, que tem tido cada vez mais destaque social, diz respeito à família homoparental, composta por dois homens ou duas mulheres e seus filhos, sendo o acesso à filiação dado pela adoção, pela inseminação artificial, ou ainda, pela co-parentalidade. Diferente de outras configurações, mais tradicionais, a família homoparental causa debates acirrados por ser vista como uma ameaça à norma social vigente, baseada na diferença entre os sexos. Algumas vertentes da Psicanálise têm se posicionado radicalmente contra a homoparentalidade, pois compreendem-na como uma instituição que nega a diferença entre os sexos. Diante deste acirrado debate, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo investigar o psicodinamismo de três famílias homoparentais femininas e como o cuidado parental se estabelece em cada uma delas. Utilizou-se o referencial psicanalítico, tanto em termos teóricos quanto metodológicos para a construção e análise dos dados. Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos para a construção dos dados: entrevista individual com cada membro do casal; aplicação do instrumento projetivo Desenho de Família com Estórias; Entrevista Familiar Diagnóstica e devolutiva aos membros do casal. Os dados foram transcritos logo após cada contato, baseando-se no modelo de entrevistas psicanalíticas. Como resultado, observou-se nestes casais um predomínio de angústias primitivas pré-genitais que desempenharam papel importante na homossexualidade dos mesmos. Tais angústias, que não puderam ser devidamente elaboradas, permearam o cuidado parental oferecido por tais famílias interferindo na relação entre as parceiras. Nas duas famílias em que a homoparentalidade se deu pela via da co-parentalidade, observou-se a repetição, na relação afetiva e parental, de conflitivas pré-edipinas, com o predomínio de vivências persecutórias e ameaça de fragmentação diante da perda do objeto. Na família em que a homoparentalidade foi conseguida graças à inseminação artificial, observou-se o predomínio de angústias primitivas, relacionadas à separação self-objeto, seja na relação entre as parceiras, seja na relação entre elas e seus dois filhos. Diante de tais dados, sugere-se que todos os interlocutores que refletem e trabalham com a homoparentalidade possam se instrumentalizar com conhecimentos específicos sobre as angústias e dificuldades que tais famílias enfrentam, não no sentido de estigmatizá-las ou de impedi-las de realizar o sonho da parentalidade, mas no sentido de auxiliá-las neste processo, que, conforme os dados mostraram, foi vivido por elas com grandes doses de angústia. / Families nowadays bare arrangements that go beyond the traditional model of the heterosexual nuclear family. One of these \"new\" configurations, which has been getting more and more social notability, regards the homoparental family, composed by two men or two women and their children, having access to filiation granted by adoption, artificial insemination, or co-parenthood. Different from other configurations, which are more traditional, the homoparental family causes heated debate because it is seen as a threat to the established social norm, based on the differences between sexes. Some branches of psychoanalysis have been positioning themselves radically against homoparenthood, for they perceive it as an institution that denies the difference between the sexes. In face of this heated debate, the present work aimed at investigating the psychodynamics of three female homoparental families and how parental care has been and is performed in these families. The psychoanalytical referential was used, both in technical and methodological terms, to build the analysis of the data: individual interview with each member of the couple; use of the projective instrument Family Drawing with Stories; Diagnosis Family Interview and feedback to the members of the couple. The data were transcribed right after every contact, based on the psychoanalytical narrative model. As a result, it has been observed a predominance of pre-genital primitive anguishes in these couples, which developed an important role in their homosexuality. Such anguishes, which could not be adequately elaborated, have permeated the parental care provided by such families, interfering in the relationship between partners. In the two families in which homoparenthood happened through co-parenthood, a repetition of the pre-edipian conflicts in the affective and parental relationship was observed, with the predominance of persecution experiences and fragmentation threats in face of the object loss. In the family in which homoparenthood was obtained through artificial insemination, a predominance of primitive anguishes related to the self-object separation was observed, either in the relationship between the partners or in the relationship between them and their two children. In face of such data, it is suggested that all the interlocutors who contemplate and work with homoparenthood be able to equip themselves with specific knowledge about the anguishes and difficulties such families face, not meaning to stigmatize them or stop them from fulfilling their parenthood dream, but meaning to aid them in this process which, according to what the data have shown, was experienced by them with great amounts of anguish.

Let $S$ be a $2n$-dimensional complex manifold equipped with a line bundle with a real-analytic complex connection such that its curvature is of type $(1,1)$, and with a real analytic h-projective structure such that its h-projective curvature is of type $(1,1)$. For $n=1$ we assume that $S$ is equipped with a real-analytic M\"obius structure. Using the structure on $S$, we construct a twistor space of a quaternionic $4n$-manifold $M$. We show that $M$ can be identified locally with a neighbourhood of the zero section of the twisted (by a unitary line bundle) tangent bundle of $S$ and that $M$ admits a quaternionic $S^1$ action given by unit scalar multiplication in the fibres. We show that $S$ is a totally complex submanifold of $M$ and that a choice of a connection $D$ in the h-projective class on $S$ gives extensions of a complex structure from $S$ to $M$. For any such extension, using $D$, we construct a hyperplane distribution on $Z$ which corresponds to the unique quaternionic connection on $M$ preserving the extended complex structure. We show that, in a special case, the construction gives the Feix--Kaledin construction of hypercomplex manifolds, which includes the construction of hyperk\"ahler metrics on cotangent bundles. We also give an example in which the construction gives the quaternion-K\"ahler manifold $\mathbb{HP}^n$ which is not hyperk\"ahler. We show that the same construction and results can be obtained for $n=1$. By convention, in this case, $M$ is a self-dual conformal $4$-manifold and from Jones--Tod correspondence we know that the quotient $B$ of $M$ by an $S^1$ action is an asymptotically hyperbolic Einstein--Weyl manifold. Using a result of LeBrun \cite{Le}, we prove that $B$ is an asymptotically hyperbolic Einstein--Weyl manifold. We also give a natural construction of a minitwistor space $T$ of an asymptotically hyperbolic Einstein--Weyl manifold directly from $S$, such that $T$ is the Jones--Tod quotient of $Z$. As a consequence, we deduce that the Einstein--Weyl manifold constructed using $T$ is equipped with a distinguished Gauduchon gauge.

Nesta tese estudamos a geometria extrínseca de superfícies suave em R4 via seu contato com retas e hiperplanos. Uribe-Vargas introduziu um cr-invariante (crossratio) em uma cúspide de Gauss de uma superfície em R3. Para uma superfície em R4, o ponto P3(c) tem comportamento similar a uma cúspide de Gauss de uma superfície em R3. Estabelecemos nesta tese cross-ratio invariantes para superfícies em R4 de uma maneira análoga ao trabalho de Uribe-Vargas para superfícies em R3. Estudamos os lugares geométricos das singularidades locais e multi-locais das projeções ortogonais da superfície e classificamos os k-jatos de parametrizações de germes de superfícies no espaço projetivo P4 dadas na forma de Monge por mudanças projetivas. Os cross-ratio invariantes nos pontos P3(c) são usadas para recuperar os dois módulos no 4-jato da parametrização projetiva da superfície. / In this thesis we study the extrinsic geometry of smooth surfaces in R4 via their contact with lines and hyperplanes. Uribe-Vargas introduced a cr-invariant (crossratio) at a cusp of Gauss of a surface in R3. For a surface in R4, the point P3(c) has similar behavior to that of a cusp of Gauss of a surface in R3. We establish in this thesis cross-ratio invariants for surfaces in R4 in an analogous way to Uribe- Vargass work for surfaces in R3. We study the geometric locii of local and multilocal singularities of ortogonal projections of the surface and classify the k-jets of parametrizations of germs of surfaces in the projection space P4 given in Monge form by projective transformations. The cross-ratio invariants at P3(c) points are used to recover two moduli in the 4-jet of the projective parametrization of the surfaces.

A obesidade é uma doença crônica que atinge milhares de pessoas. Considerada de alto risco e com graves conseqüências para a saúde física e mental, sua incidência na infância tornou-se ponto importante a ser investigado e relacionado com os prejuízos que pode acarretar, tanto individualmente quanto no âmbito familiar e social. Em vista disso, este trabalho teve por objetivo contribuir para o conhecimento das características psicodinâmicas de crianças obesas e de seus pais, por meio de entrevistas e técnicas projetivas. Foram realizados cinco estudos de caso de crianças do sexo masculino, com idade variando entre 7 e 10 anos, de nível sócio-econômico médio e com IMC-por-idade ? 95% (obesidade). Os pais foram contatados, explicitados sobre os objetivos do trabalho e solicitados a participar dele juntamente com seus filhos. Após sua autorização, foram marcadas sessões com os pais, em consultório particular, para aplicação de uma entrevista semi-estruturada sobre a história pessoal da criança e o roteiro de classificação sócio-econômica (ABIPEME). Em seguida, as crianças passaram por avaliação psicológica individual, composta pela aplicação do Teste de Desenho da Figura Humana de Machover (DFH) e do CAT-A, avaliado segundo referencial proposto por Bellak. Os pais também foram avaliados por meio da aplicação do DFH e do Teste de Apercepção Temática (TAT), em forma reduzida (10 pranchas) segundo referencial proposto por Morval. Os dados obtidos mediante a aplicação do CAT-A e do TAT foram posteriormente organizados de modo a informar sobre as condições das funções do ego da criança e dos pais; adicionalmente uma avaliação dinâmica por simples inspeção, segundo o referencial psicanalítico, foi feita. Os resultados apontaram para uma dinâmica familiar específica na sustentação da obesidade da criança: uma figura materna que não ofereceu suficiente holding para o filho a fim de facilitar o processo de ilusão-desilusão e possibilitar a experiência transicional, e uma figura paterna que não foi capaz de atender à satisfação das necessidades da criança bem como apoiar a díade mãe-filho, proporcionando à mãe exercer sua função. Conseqüentemente, a criança teve dificuldade no alcance das experiências transicionais, o que gerou prejuízos na capacidade de simbolização, expressão da criatividade e estilo de ser pessoal, restando-lhe buscar o apoio concreto da realidade externa (alimento) como forma de se relacionar com o ambiente e aliviar sua ansiedade. / Obesity is a chronic illness that reaches thousands of people. Being considered of high risk and with serious consequences for the physical and mental health, its incidence in childhood became an important subject to be investigated and related to its possible damage in individual, family and social levels. Considering this, the present aimed to contribute for the knowledge of the psychodynamic characteristics of obese children and their parents, by applying projective interviews and techniques. Five case studies had been performed with 7-10-year-old, male children, average socioeconomical level, with IMC-for-age level ? 95% (obesity). The parents were invited to take part of the study with their children and were explained about the its aims. After their allowance, the parents were interviewed in the private researcher\'s office, and applied both a semi-structured interview concerning their children\'s personal history and a socioeconomic classification protocol (ABIPEME). After that, the children went through individual, psychological assessment sessions. The techniques used were Machover\'s Draw-a-Person Test (DAP) and CAT-A, whose results were analyzed according to Bellak\'s approach. The parents had also been assessed using the DAP and a reduced form of the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), according to Morval\'s approach. The data obtained from the CAT-A and the TAT were later organized in order to inform about the ego functions\' conditions of both the child and parents; also, a dynamic evaluation by simple inspection was performed, according to the psychoanalytic approach. The results had suggested a specific familiar dynamics maintaining the child\'s obesity: on one hand, a maternal image that did not offer the son enough holding in order to facilitate the illusion-disillusion process and to make a transitional experience possible. On the other hand, paternal image that was not able to satisfy the child\'s needs, as well as to support the mother-son dyad, providing the mother conditions to perform her function. Consequently, the child had problems to reach transitional experiences, which caused damages to symbolization ability, creativity expression and personal style-of-being, thus leading the child to search for concrete support in the external reality (food) as a way to have a relationship with the environment and alleviate anxiety.

Coadjoint orbits of Lie algebras come naturally imbued with a symplectic two-form allowing for the construction of dynamical actions. Consideration of the coadjoint orbit action for the Kac-Moody algebra leads to the Wess-Zumino-Witten model with a gauge-field coupling. Likewise, the same type of coadjoint orbit construction for the Virasoro algebra gives Polyakov’s 2D quantum gravity action with a coupling to a coadjoint element, D, interpreted as a component of a field named the diffeomorphism field. Gauge fields are commonly given dynamics through the Yang-Mills action and, since the diffeomorphism field appears analogously through the coadjoint orbit construction, it is interesting to pursue a dynamical action for D. This thesis reviews the motivation for the diffeomorphism field as a dynamical field and presents results on its dynamics obtained through projective connections. Through the use of the projective connection of Thomas and Whitehead, it will be shown that the diffeomorphism field naturally gains dynamics. Results on the analysis of this dynamical theory in two-dimensional Minkowski background will be presented.

O Rotting Sun is a pair of long narrative poems that leap, spanning over an epic-length manuscript—175 pages of prose block, lyrical verse, and projective verse. Its chief poetic-operational modes are: inclusion, fragmentation, textual destructions, intentional omissions, intentional misspelling, large narrative leaps; all of which engage a poetics of doubt and multiplicity. O Rotting Sun is a jarring and jangly poem of resistance, intended if possible, for being read aloud and argued with: a provocation of intense meditation, reflection, and when successful, disintegration of anger & agonism—followed by a reintegration of the reader back into a community of change and hope. These poems are an invitation to that hero’s journey which is sometimes painful, sometimes beautiful, sometimes both. I wish to welcome my heroic, wonderful, deep reader into this new world of O Rotting Sun.

This paper describes a new method for lens distortion calibration using only point correspondences in multiple views, without the need to know either the 3D location of the points or the camera locations. The standard lens distortion model is a model of the deviations of a real camera from the ideal pinhole or projective camera model.Given multiple views of a set of corresponding points taken by ideal pinhole cameras there exist epipolar and trilinear constraints among pairs and triplets of these views. In practice, due to noise in the feature detection and due to lens distortion these constraints do not hold exactly and we get some error. The calibration is a search for the lens distortion parameters that minimize this error. Using simulation and experimental results with real images we explore the properties of this method. We describe the use of this method with the standard lens distortion model, radial and decentering, but it could also be used with any other parametric distortion models. Finally we demonstrate that lens distortion calibration improves the accuracy of 3D reconstruction.

No description available.

In 2 ¡Ñ2 case,we discuss the uniqueness of the u-invariant measure on projective space.Under the condition that |detM|=1 for any M in Gu and Gu is not compact,we have the followings: (1) For any x in P(R^2),if #{M¡Dx|M belongs Gu}>2, then the u-invariant measure is unique. (2) For some x in P(R^2),there exists x1,x2 such that {M¡Dx|M belongs Gu} is contained in {x1,x2},if x1 and x2 are both fixed,then the u-invariant measure v is not unique;otherwise,if u has mass only on x1 and x2,then the u-invariant measure is unique.

When we open the history book of Human Sea Power, there is always an entangled relationship between the scale of navy force and the state of economy within a country. Since 1978, three decades reforming on its economic policy, China has . Eye-witting the First Gulf War, the Kosovo War, the September 11th terrorist attack on America territory, the Second Gulf War, and, most recently, the piracy in Gulf of Aden, China authority is now reconsidering its role on both international and regional security and then amending its navy strategy based on evaluations. Although the ultimate goal is to protect its own profit, yet aggressively expanding its navy force might generate instability status and will break the Strait balance and its peace progress in Asia Pacific. No doubt, due to the modernized strategic of China Navy which has created tension in its neighborhood area, and, particularly, it is obvious that the force gap between China and Taiwan has yawned by steadily economy boom in China. By the end of Taiwan President Election in 2008, the stalemate prevailed under Chen era is now melting and quickly treading toward peace, yet national security couldn¡¦t merely rely on jubilant atmosphere of diplomacy but on staid force. Facing problems between the Strait, China has adopted both peace and war strategies simultaneously and never give up its intention to invade Taiwan. Frankly, it is undoubtedly best to solve political conundrum under peaceful diplomatic progress, but facing the threat of China¡¦s invasion, we still need to grasp the status of its development of navy, to forecast the pattern of its navy expanding, and to mull best way to defiance, to ensure the national security of Taiwan.