Submitted by Tatiana Lima (tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2016-05-04T21:02:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cava,Fabiana.pdf: 1780276 bytes, checksum: a735fb27a51fe659518aa931cc0a68d3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Angela Dortas (dortas@ufba.br) on 2016-06-13T17:18:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Cava,Fabiana.pdf: 1780276 bytes, checksum: a735fb27a51fe659518aa931cc0a68d3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-13T17:18:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cava,Fabiana.pdf: 1780276 bytes, checksum: a735fb27a51fe659518aa931cc0a68d3 (MD5) / O prumo desta dissertação-projeto foi evidenciar a influência do emocionar entre consultores/pesquisadores e agentes ativos no desenvolvimento de projetos socioambientais, sob a óptica das conversações matrísticas e patriarcais conforme definições de Maturana e Verden Zoller (2004), utilizando-se de uma situação empírica vivenciada pela consultora/pesquisadora e agentes ativos. Visa também refletir de que maneira o emocionar corrobora ou dificulta no desenvolvimento dos projetos, relacionando-as com os fundamentos intangíveis do humano. A abordagem metodológica utilizada é a autoetnografia, em que o pesquisador é o observador, mas também o sujeito analisado, por si próprio e por agentes externos. Para esta reflexão, foram utilizados vídeos, fotografias e entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Consubstancia este trabalho a espiral da consultoria participativa fundamentada na convergência de três eixos vivenciados pela pesquisadora: projetos socioambientais, gestão social e metodologias integrativas. This project-dissertation aimed both to identify the stir emotions that are settled in socio-environmental projects using an empirical situation experienced by the researcher/consultant and their active agents and to think over the ways these connections confirm or hamper the project development by establishing a relationship in between them and the intangible human foundations as exposed by Maturana e Verden-Zoller (2004), authors who bind human relationships to the matristic and patriarchal cultures. Autoethnography was the applied metodological approach in which the researcher is the observer but is also the one who is observed by one‟s own self and by the others involved in the process. Video and photo images as well as semi-structured interviews with the active agents from the CIPAR/Baixo Sul Project were used to develop this reflection. This work is embodied by the participatory consultancy spiral based on the convergence of three axes experienced by the researcher: social environmental projects, social management, and integrative methodologies.

Orientador: Julieta Teresa Aier de Oliveira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T07:10:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Delfini_SolangeTola_M.pdf: 1227164 bytes, checksum: 9d9eaffbce16ab93bc27f0b83cf4de03 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: A formação profissionalizante de jovens oriundos da agricultura familiar na busca de sua efetiva inserção no mercado de trabalho tem se mostrado uma estratégia significativa nos processos de estímulo ao desenvolvimento rural, principalmente quando se insere na rede de instituições de apoio à agricultura familiar, fortalecendo e dando significância às ações de assistência técnica e extensão rural, sinalizando parâmetros para as políticas de crédito, desenhando demandas para a pesquisa e encorajando a organização dos produtores. Analisar programas dessa natureza torna-se importante para o estabelecimento de parâmetros avaliatórios à concepção, implementação e acompanhamento de políticas públicas voltadas para o desenvolvimento rural sustentável. A hipótese central desta pesquisa foi a de que programas de formação de jovens da agricultura familiar, que utilizam estratégias que considerem efetivamente o contexto e as necessidades deste público, estão diretamente relacionados a resultados positivos de desenvolvimento rural sustentável, considerando o impacto causado na dinâmica da produção familiar, nas relações estabelecidas com a comunidade e na postura empreendedora do jovem. O objetivo geral do trabalho foi analisar um programa de formação de jovens do estado de São Paulo - o PROJOVEM - Programa de Formação de Jovens Empresários Rurais - visando a definição de critérios que possam subsidiar o estabelecimento de novas estratégias de educação profissionalizante rural bem como sugerir um procedimento de análise de outros programas/projetos de natureza similar, focados no desenvolvimento rural sustentável. Neste escopo, os objetivos específicos foram: i) analisar comparativamente o desempenho do Programa em seus núcleos inseridos nos assentamentos de reforma agrária e de agricultura familiar tradicional e ii) avaliar o PROJOVEM a partir da percepção e de descritores definidos por seus protagonistas - jovens e pais. Na análise global dos Núcleos do Programa, os resultados indicaram a tendência de melhor desempenho dos núcleos implantados em áreas de assentamento. As avaliações dos jovens e pais (grupos focais) reforçaram a hipótese da importância de programas como o PROJOVEM na dinâmica de desenvolvimento rural sustentável. Concluindo, as metodologias de avaliação de programas de formação de jovens inseridos no contexto do desenvolvimento sustentável devem agregar estratégias diferenciadamente qualitativas e participativas, a fim de que o processo de análise subsidie o desenho e implantação de novas políticas públicas. / Abstract: The professionalizing formation of deriving young of familiar agriculture in the search of its effective insertion in the work market if has shown a significant strategy in the stimulaton processes to the agricultural development, mainly when it is inserted in the net of institutions of support to familiar agriculture, fortifying and giving to significance to the actions of assistance technique and agricultural extension, signaling parameters for the credit policies, drawing demands for the research and encouraging the organization of the producers. To analyze programs of this nature becomes important for the establishment of avaliatórios parameters the conception, implementation and accompaniment of public politics directed toward the sustainable agricultural development. The central hypothesis of this research is that programs of formation of young of agriculture familiar, that they use strategies that effectively consider the context and the necessities of this public, directly are related the positive results of sustainable agricultural development, considering the impact caused in the dynamics of the familiar production, in the relations established with the community and in the enterprising position of the young. The general objective of the work was to analyze a program of formation of young of familiar agriculture being aimed at definition of criteria that can subsidize the establishment of new strategies of agricultural professionalizing education as well as establishing a procedure of analysis of other programas/projetos of similar nature, focados in the sustainable agricultural development. The research took as case study PROJOVEM - Program of Formation of Young Agricultural Entrepreneurs. In this target, the specific objectives had been: i) to analyze comparatively the performance of the Program in its inserted nuclei in the nestings of agrarian reform and traditional familiar agriculture and ii) to evaluate PROJOVEM from the perception and of describers defined for its protagonists - young e parents. In the global analysis of the nuclei, the results had indicated the trend of better performance of the Nuclei implanted in nesting areas. The Focal Groups had strengthened the hypothesis of the importance of programs as what it composed the object of study in the dynamics of sustainable rural development. Concluding, the methodologies of evaluation of inserted programs of formation in the context of the sustainable development must add qualitative and diferenciadamente participativas strategies, so that the analysis process subsidizes the drawing and implantation of new public politics. / Mestrado / Planejamento e Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável / Mestre em Engenharia Agrícola

Comment assurer un développement à risques limités alors que marchés et technologies sont inconnus? Ces situations ne peuvent pas être gérées par les stratégies existantes comme market pull ou techno push; et le processus type « trial and learning » apparaît trop coûteux et imprévisible. Or certaines industries comme les semi-conducteurs doivent organiser des développements technologiques à coûts et risques contrôlés, alors que les inconnues techniques et commerciales sont très importantes. Dans ces situations le sucés coïncide avec l'existence des technologies génériques. Mais comment concevoir ces technologies génériques? La thèse modélise la conception des technologies génériques et étudie des modelés d'action collective associés.Ce travail débouche sur quatre résultats principaux : 1) Une stratégie de gestion du risque original, consistant à identifier un « common unknown » ; 2) Un travail de modélisation et de simulation précisant les critères de contingence de cette nouvelle stratégie; 3) La caractérisation de concepts génériques et de processus de conception de généricité a l'aide des théories de la conception les plus récentes; 4) Une nouvelle figure managériale, le « cross-application manager», indispensable pour le succès de la conception de technologies génériques. / Can a company organize development with controlled risk while promising markets and eligible technologies are yet unknown? These situations cannot be handled with classical techno push or market pull strategies; and "trial and learning" processes are too unpredictable and too costly while facing with unknowns in high-tech. However, in some industries such as semiconductors, one has to organize exploration while controlling costs and risks in double unknown. In this situation the success of technological development in double unknown is correlated with the existence of generic technologies. Though, it remains unclear how to account for the design of generic technologies. This thesis models the design of generic technologies and investigates the associated models of collective action.This work is based on four main results:1) an original model of risk management that consists of identifying “common unknown” for several potential applications; 2) the modeling and simulation defining the techno-economic conditions in which the introduced “common unknown” strategy is relevant; 3) The characterization of the notion of generic technological concepts and the process of genericity design built upon the most recent design theory formalisms ; 4) a new managerial figure, the «cross-application manager », essential for the success of generic technologies design.

La pauvreté est un phénomène qui touche tous les continents et plus particulièrement l’Afrique. Elle affecte surtout les populations des pays sous développés. Malgré la lutte de ces derniers au lendemain de la seconde guerre mondiale en faveur de l’établissement d’un nouvel ordre économique international qui assurerait leur droit au développement, force est de constater que la question de la lutte contre la pauvreté est encore d’actualité. La Banque mondiale est l’un des acteurs centraux qui accompagnent les pays africains, entre autres, à réaliser leur développement socio-économique à travers la mise en œuvre de projets et programmes de développement. Cependant, la reconnaissance du droit au développement et de ses principes par la Banque mondiale ne s’est pas opérée sans réticence au début. C’est seulement à partir des années 1990 et plus encore au début des années 2000 avec les Objectifs du Millénaire pour le Développement, que l’institution a changé sa vision du développement, élargi ses objectifs, adopté de nouvelles politiques et posé de nouvelles conditionnalités d’octroi de son financement respectueux des principes ou exigences de la Déclaration du droit au développement. Ce changement traduit l’échec des politiques appliquées par la Banque Mondiale en Afrique subsaharienne avant les années 1990. Quels étaient ces politiques ? L’évolution institutionnelle, idéologique de l’institution et ses nouvelles conditionnalités contribuent-elles à assurer un impact plus positif des projets ou programmes de développement en Afrique en général, et plus particulièrement au Bénin, au Cameroun et au Togo ? La décentralisation des compétences et attributions de l’Etat dans la plupart des pays d’Afrique subsaharienne en faveur des collectivités locales constitue-t-elle un cadre plus favorable à la réalisation du droit au développement ? / The poverty is a phenomenon which touches all the continents and more particularly Africa. It affects especially the populations of countries under developed. In spite of the fight of these last ones after the second world war in favour of the establishment of a new international economic order which would ensure their right for the development, the forces is to notice that the question of the fight against the poverty is still of current events. The World Bank is one of the central actors who accompany the African countries, among others, to realize their socioeconomic development through the application of projects and programs of development. However, the recognition of the right for the development and of its principles by the World Bank did not take place without hesitation at the beginning. It is only from 1990s and more still at the beginning of 2000s with the Objectives of the Millennium for the Development, that the institution changed its vision of the development, widens its objectives, adopts new policies and poses of news conditions of granting of its respectful financing of the principles or the requirements of the Declaration of the right for the development.This change translates the failure of the policies applied by the World Bank in sub-Saharan Africa before 1990s. What were these policies? The institutional, ideological evolution of the institution and does its new conditionality contribute to ensure a more positive impact of the projects or the development programs in Africa generally, and more particularly in Benin, in Cameroon and in Togo? Does the decentralization of the skills and the attributions of the State, in most of the countries of sub-Saharan Africa in favour of local authorities, constitute a limit more favorable to the realization of the law for the development?

Cette thèse pose la question de la modification de l’image de la cité d’habitat social, à partir du constat du développement de pratiques touristiques et artistiques en son sein et dans les marges métropolitaines en général. C’est donc plus globalement l’hypothèse d’une revalorisation des lisières socio-spatiales qui est traitée. La cité d’habitat social, plus encore lorsqu’elle s’incarne dans la forme du grand ensemble des décennies 1950-1970, condense le discrédit et donc l’enjeu du questionnement ici traité : les pratiques touristiques et artistiques analysées signent-elles la mise en circulation d’une nouvelle image des cités qu’elles explorent ? Corrélativement, dans quelle mesure peut-on parler de pratiques pionnières ? A partir d’enquêtes sur des terrains marseillais (quartiers nord), parisiens (banlieue populaire des Nord et Sud-Est de Paris) et montréalais (l’ensemble d’habitat social Jeanne-Mance), la thèse expose que ces détours « récréa(r)tistes » interrogent la fabrique de la (re)connaissance des espaces stigmatisés et sont à ce titre porteurs d’enjeux politiques, esthétiques et économiques. / This thesis concerns the development of tourism and art practices in the metropolitan outskirts, in particular in the social housing projects (1950-1970). The central question addressed is : how can tourism and art be a factor of promotion of districts stigmatized by media and political discourse ? Are the studied practices pioneering ? To answer these questions, we selected three fieldworks: the northern suburbs of Marseille, the Northern and South-Eastern suburbs of Paris and a Canadian public housing project, the Habitations Jeanne-Mance in Montréal. Our qualitative study explains that the development of tourism and art practices in the edge of the metropolis questions the production of knowledge on stigmatized areas. Therefore, they involve political, aesthetic and economic issues.