Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Psychology. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-84). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url%5Fver=Z39.88-2004&res%5Fdat=xri:pqdiss &rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR11884

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta dissertação tem como proposta investigar as psicoses ordinárias e suas invenções. Partimos dos impasses de nossa prática clínica relativo ao diagnóstico diferencial, buscando identificar quais seriam os principais conceitos utilizados em referência ao mesmo. Sobretudo, apuramos de que maneira estes conceitos se mostram operativos no tratamento possível das psicoses. De forma que o esclarecimento da noção da psicose em psicanálise favorece a compreensão das psicoses ordinárias. Deduzimos que as psicoses, de forma ampla, possuem um aspecto multifacetário e, neste sentido, que as psicoses ordinárias pertencem à diversidade do campo. Estas últimas possuem uma apresentação discreta de fenômenos elementares. Embora a psicose ordinária não seja uma categoria de Jacques Lacan, averiguamos que pode ser depreendida da clínica lacaniana, extraída de uma perspectiva original do autor. Lacan nos faz avançar na ideia de uma direção de tratamento que privilegia a invenção de um significante novo que cumpre a função de sinthoma, exemplificado a partir das elaborações sobre James Joyce e o nó borromeano. O sinthoma é um artifício inventado para dar sustentação ao nó borromeano que é composto pelas instâncias separadas do imaginário, simbólico e real. Supomos que o mais específico das psicoses ordinárias se encontra no modo pelo qual ocorrem suas invenções de amarração do nó borromeano, ou seja, como surgem as compensações da foraclusão do Nome-do-Pai. Nossos dados indicam que a noção de compensação ou suplência que comportam as psicoses ordinárias produz uma forma inédita de apurar suas singularidades, facilitando não apenas o diagnóstico como também a direção do tratamento. / This dissertation is proposed to investigate the common psychoses and their inventions. We left the impasses of our clinical practice for the differential diagnosis in order to identify what are the main concepts used in reference to it. Especially apuramos how these concepts are shown operating in possible treatment of psychosis. In order to clarify the concept of psychosis in psychoanalysis favors the common understanding of psychosis. We deduce that the psychoses, broadly, have a multifaceted aspect and in this sense, that the ordinary psychoses belong to the diversity of the field. The latter have a presentation discrete elementary phenomena. Although psychosis is not an ordinary category of Jacques Lacan, then used to establish what can be deduced from the Lacanian clinic, extracted from a unique perspective of the author. Lacan makes us move towards the idea of a treatment that focuses on a significant new invention that fulfills the function of sinthome exemplified from elaborations on James Joyce and the Borromean knot. The sinthome is a device invented to sustain the Borromean knot which is composed of separate instances of imaginary, symbolic and real. We assume that the more specific psychoses ordinary is occurring in the way of his inventions mooring Borromean knot, or arise as compensation the foreclosure of the Name of the Father. Our data indicate that the notion of compensation or substitutive that involve psychosis ordinary produces a unique way of ascertaining their singularities, facilitating not only the diagnosis but also the direction of treatment.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta dissertação tem como proposta investigar as psicoses ordinárias e suas invenções. Partimos dos impasses de nossa prática clínica relativo ao diagnóstico diferencial, buscando identificar quais seriam os principais conceitos utilizados em referência ao mesmo. Sobretudo, apuramos de que maneira estes conceitos se mostram operativos no tratamento possível das psicoses. De forma que o esclarecimento da noção da psicose em psicanálise favorece a compreensão das psicoses ordinárias. Deduzimos que as psicoses, de forma ampla, possuem um aspecto multifacetário e, neste sentido, que as psicoses ordinárias pertencem à diversidade do campo. Estas últimas possuem uma apresentação discreta de fenômenos elementares. Embora a psicose ordinária não seja uma categoria de Jacques Lacan, averiguamos que pode ser depreendida da clínica lacaniana, extraída de uma perspectiva original do autor. Lacan nos faz avançar na ideia de uma direção de tratamento que privilegia a invenção de um significante novo que cumpre a função de sinthoma, exemplificado a partir das elaborações sobre James Joyce e o nó borromeano. O sinthoma é um artifício inventado para dar sustentação ao nó borromeano que é composto pelas instâncias separadas do imaginário, simbólico e real. Supomos que o mais específico das psicoses ordinárias se encontra no modo pelo qual ocorrem suas invenções de amarração do nó borromeano, ou seja, como surgem as compensações da foraclusão do Nome-do-Pai. Nossos dados indicam que a noção de compensação ou suplência que comportam as psicoses ordinárias produz uma forma inédita de apurar suas singularidades, facilitando não apenas o diagnóstico como também a direção do tratamento. / This dissertation is proposed to investigate the common psychoses and their inventions. We left the impasses of our clinical practice for the differential diagnosis in order to identify what are the main concepts used in reference to it. Especially apuramos how these concepts are shown operating in possible treatment of psychosis. In order to clarify the concept of psychosis in psychoanalysis favors the common understanding of psychosis. We deduce that the psychoses, broadly, have a multifaceted aspect and in this sense, that the ordinary psychoses belong to the diversity of the field. The latter have a presentation discrete elementary phenomena. Although psychosis is not an ordinary category of Jacques Lacan, then used to establish what can be deduced from the Lacanian clinic, extracted from a unique perspective of the author. Lacan makes us move towards the idea of a treatment that focuses on a significant new invention that fulfills the function of sinthome exemplified from elaborations on James Joyce and the Borromean knot. The sinthome is a device invented to sustain the Borromean knot which is composed of separate instances of imaginary, symbolic and real. We assume that the more specific psychoses ordinary is occurring in the way of his inventions mooring Borromean knot, or arise as compensation the foreclosure of the Name of the Father. Our data indicate that the notion of compensation or substitutive that involve psychosis ordinary produces a unique way of ascertaining their singularities, facilitating not only the diagnosis but also the direction of treatment.

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar, a partir de recortes do cotidiano, a escolarização da criança psicótica, procurando pensar sobre o que pode impulsionála na direção do conhecimento e do laço social. Utilizou-se de autores da psicanálise que seguem o pensamento de Freud e Lacan. Nesta pesquisa, entende-se a psicose na infância sob a perspectiva de autores como Bernardino (2000), que a considera como estrutura não decidida. Na introdução, buscou-se situar a importância da questão da psicose infantil no contexto da educação na perspectiva da inclusão, enfatizando as dificuldades do professor ao deparar-se com uma criança psicótica. No segundo capítulo, foi trabalhado o conceito de psicose, destacando suas particularidades e propondo breve discussão acerca do diagnóstico da psicose infantil na psiquiatria e na psicanálise. Ainda neste capítulo, procurou-se discutir acerca do conhecimento na psicose, perpassando pelo conceito de Lacan (1987) acerca do conhecimento paranoico e pela proposta de Kupfer (2000) sobre as ilhas de inteligência. Na última parte, buscou-se compreender a psicose infantil e a questão do laço social, trazendo para discussão a dificuldade desses sujeitos em inserir-se no laço social. Para esta dissertação, utilizou-se do método de pesquisa psicanalítica, tendo como objeto de investigação a escuta dos significantes que circulam no contexto escolar, propondo a realização de um ensaio metapsicológico construído a partir da articulação entre a teoria e a escuta realizada ao longo de quatro anos de experiência na escola. Para a construção do ensaio metapsicológico foram feitos recortes de algumas cenas escolares que permitiram identificar significantes que circulam em torno do laço social e do conhecimento. No tocante ao laço social, foi possível escutar alguns significantes em torno dos alunos nomeados como “estranhos”, mas que, por sua vez, buscam formas de participar do social que a escola oferece. Nesse sentido, foi possível ancorar a discussão com a investigação do (un)heimlich, de Freud (1919/1996). Identificaram-se, também, significantes que apontam para o conhecimento na psicose. Nessa direção, alguns resultados permitiram pensar em ilhas de inteligência e possibilidades de aprender, mesmo que de uma forma diferente, na medida em que o sujeito pode reconstruir em si o conhecimento do outro. Foi possível, ainda, refletir acerca da transferência e do lugar ocupado pelo professor como forma de proporcionar o conhecimento e o laço social. Por fim, considerou-se o lugar da escola e do professor mediante essas crianças, pensando nas possibilidades e limites na inclusão destes sujeitos / This paper aimed to investigate, from daily snippets, the schooling of psychotic children, inquiring about what could propel them to knowledge and social bond. It was based on authors of psychoanalysis who follow the thoughts of Freud and Lacan. In this research, childhood psychosis is understood from the perspective of authors such as Bernadino (2000), who consider it as an undecided structure. In the Introduction, it was situated the importance of the children psychosis issue, in the context of education, from the perspective of inclusion, emphasizing teacher’s difficulties when faced with a psychotic child. In the second chapter, it was developed the concept of psychosis, highlighting its particularities and proposing a brief discussion about the diagnosis of childhood psychosis in psychiatry and psychoanalysis. Furthermore, it was also discussed about knowledge in psychosis coursing through the concept of Lacan (1987) about paranoid knowledge and Kupfer’s (2000) concept of islands of intelligence. In the last part, it was analyzed childhood psychosis and the social bond issue, bringing to discussion the difficulty of these subjects in inserting themselves into social bond. For this dissertation, it was used the psychoanalytic method of research, aiming as object of investigation the listening of the signifiers which surround the school environment, proposing a metapsychological rehearsal built from the articulation between theory and listening along four years of school experience. In order to build the metapsychological rehearsal, some snippets of school scenes were done, which allowed the identification of signifiers that surround the social bond and knowledge. Regarding the social bond, it was possible to listen to some signifiers around the students named as “strange” but who, in turn, search for ways of participating in the social activities the school offers. In this regard, it was possible to anchor the discussion with the study of Freud’s (1919/1996) (un)heimlich term. Signifiers which point to the knowledge in psychosis were also identified. Therefore, some results led to think of islands of intelligence and learning possibilities, even if in a different way, since the subject can reconstruct into themselves the knowledge of the others. It was also possible to ponder the transference and the place of the teacher as a way of providing knowledge and social bond. In conclusion, it was considered the place of the school and the teacher towards these children, regarding the possibilities and limits about the inclusion of these subjects

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-07-11T17:24:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 irmanevestallmannsaar.pdf: 1016050 bytes, checksum: b99796c1d954435d9516f0dff33358cb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-13T16:35:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 irmanevestallmannsaar.pdf: 1016050 bytes, checksum: b99796c1d954435d9516f0dff33358cb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T16:35:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 irmanevestallmannsaar.pdf: 1016050 bytes, checksum: b99796c1d954435d9516f0dff33358cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-02 / O presente trabalho pretendeu investigar, por meio de estudo qualitativo exploratório, utilizando-se da metodologia Estudo de Caso, a presença ou ausência de manifestações psicossomáticas em sujeitos com transtorno mental psicótico. Para o fim proposto, discutiu-se o papel das emoções, em especial do medo e do estresse, potenciais desencadeadores das manifestações psicossomáticas. Contextualizou-se o campo da pesquisa, no qual usuários com transtorno mental têm acesso ao tratamento diferenciado do modelo hospitalocêntrico, respeitados como sujeitos e cidadãos de direito. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada com pessoas de ambos os sexos, maiores de 18 anos, que apresentam transtorno mental psicótico, usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS), situado em Juiz de Fora, selecionadas por meio de amostragem, por variedade de tipos. Verificou-se que, junto à psicose, também se podem evidenciar manifestações orgânicas, de cunho psicossomático. Impossível evidenciar uma relação causa/efeito; contudo, afirma-se a existência de fatos concretos, sentimentos, emoções e reações, que facilitam, direcionam e confluem para o adoecimento do corpo. Confirmou-se que os sujeitos pesquisados sofrem da emoção do medo, do estresse, e que esses fatores podem ser desencadeadores das doenças psicossomáticas. / This work intended to investigate, through exploratory qualitative study, using the methodology Case Study, the presence or absence of somatoform disorders in subjects with psychotic mental disorders. For this purpose, it was discussed the role of the emotions, such as the fear and the stress, as potential trigger of the somatoform disorders. The field of the research was contextualized, in which users with mental disorders have access to the differentiated treatment of the hospital-centered model, in which they are treated as individuals and citizens with rights. The field research was conducted among individuals of both sexes, over 18 years old, who present psychotic mental disorder and users of a Center of Psychosocial Attention situated in Juiz de Fora, selected by sampling by variation in the types. It was verified that with the psychosis we can also evidence organic manifestations with a psychosomatic character. Although impossible to evidence a cause/effect relation, it is stated the existence of facts, feelings, emotions and reactions that facilitate, direct and converge to the illness of the body. It was confirmed that the surveyed subjects suffer the emotion of fear, stress and that these may be triggers of psychosomatic illnesses.

Dans un premier temps, la thèse propose une analyse critique des discours de la psychologie, du XXe siècle à nos jours, concernant le psychisme des malades du cancer. Dans un second temps, s'y trouve exposée la construction d'une clinique de l'accompagnement des patients atteints de cancer au sein de l'institution de soin, orientée par les repères de la psychanalyse. A travers la construction de seize cas cliniques, l'auteur propose une approche différentielle des logiques subjectives (hystérique, obsessionnelle, schizophrénique, paranoïaque, mélancolique), et met en exergue le caractère central du transfert, comme celui du repérage d'autres éléments cliniques témoignant de la logique subjective de chaque sujet, pour orienter les accompagnements cliniques et leur élaboration théorique. / Doctorat en Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Monoamine oxidase (E.C.I.4.3.4) (MAO) oxidatively deaminates the biogenic amines normally present in the organism. The activities of the neurons utilizing these amines i.e. noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin, are supposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of various psychiatric diseases. It is speculated that the MAO activity is changed as well as the monoaminergic activity in some psychiatric disorders. In the present thesis the MAO activity has been studied in brain tissue and in platelets in some psychiatric disorders. The result was as follows: MAO activities in different parts of the human brain seem to be highly intercorrelated in each individual. The brain MAO activity is also weakly correlated both to the concentration of 5-HT and of 5-HIAA, which may indicate that the MAO activity reflects the serotoninergic turnover in the brain. The MAO activity in brains from 15 suicides was compared to a control material of 20 individuals without known mental disorders, and it was found to be lower in the suicides in all 13 analysed brain parts. As eight of the patients had been chronic alcoholics, they were excluded and the remaining seven non-alcoholic suicides were tested as regards MAO activity by analysis of variance and still found to have significantly lower MAO activity than the controls. The eight chronic alcoholics in the suicide series had the most significantly (p<0.005) reduction of the MAO activity as compared to the control group. Rats were given chronic treatments with ethanol, either by 10 °/o ethanol as the only water supply or by exposition to ethanol vapor twice a day. In neither of these cases was the brain MAO activity changed as compared to control rats. The result supports the hypothesis that the low MAO activity found in alcoholic suicides most likely is related to a constitutional factor and not to a direct effect of the ethanol intake. Platelet MAO activity was found to be significantly reduced in human alcoholics as compared to matched controls. If samples were drawn from the alcoholic patients during their abstinence phase, there could be seen a transitory rise in the platelet MAO activity. This increased activity had its maximum after two weeks, and after four weeks the MAO activity had returned to the initial, low level. No difference as regards MAO activity, neither in brain tissue nor in platelets, could be registered when chronic schizophrenics were compared to matched controls. Reduced brain MAO activity was found in a group of patients diagnosed as cycloid psychoses when comparing the activity to controls or to the schizophrenic patients. The platelet MAO activity was also found to be lower in cycloid psychoses than in a group of unipolar affective psychoses, who repeatedly have been found not to differ from normals. These findings suggest that low MAO activities in brain and platelets reflect a phychic constitution in the individual making him more vulnerable for suicidal behaviour, ethanol abuse or cycloid psychosis. / digitalisering@umu.se

Orientador: Claudia Thereza Guimarães de Lemos / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T21:57:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pincerati_WalkerDouglas_D.pdf: 2010315 bytes, checksum: f63e9e90bd9a07ac5c89ca09f63832f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: O objetivo primeiro deste trabalho era o de estudar os `distúrbios da linguagem¿ no dizer psicótico enquanto especificadores do modo distinto dele habitar a linguagem. Para a persecução desse objetivo, tomou-se como ponto de partida a afirmação que Jacques Lacan fez em As psicoses, seminário proferido em 1955-1956, de que tais distúrbios são específicos das psicoses, isto é, não existem nas neuroses. Contudo, uma neurose é explicada pela teoria do `recalque¿, conceito que designa o `mecanismo psíquico¿ neurótico e, por consequência, não dá conta da psicose. Como, então, tais "distúrbios" permitiriam depreender a particularidade do `mecanismo psíquico¿ específico da psicose? Mais especificamente, como, a partir dessa noção de `distúrbios da linguagem¿, pode-se depreender a trajetória de construção da concepção de que o `mecanismo¿ psicótico é a `foraclusão do Nome-do-Pai¿? Para dar conta dessa questão, tomou-se como base de estudos a versão estenografada do seminário, que apresenta diferenças relevantes em relação à versão editada e estabelecida por Jacques-Allain Miller. O resultado foi o de que não são os distúrbios "da linguagem" ou "na ordem da linguagem" que especificam a particularidade das psicoses, mas sim os `distúrbios de alienação na ordem da linguagem¿. A partir da noção de `alienação¿ nota-se que o modelo para se pensar a psicose está fundamentado na obra freudiana no modelo neurótico. O empreendimento lacaniano, ao propor que há tal `foraclusão¿, é o de propor um exercício de reflexão que conceba o `mecanismo¿ estruturante da psicose no momento da própria constituição do sujeito. / Abstract: The main goal of this dissertation is to study `language disorders¿ in psychotic speech as indexes of the specific way the psychotic subject inhabits language. My starting point is Jacques Lacan¿s claim that such disturbances are specific to psychoses, i.e., they don¿t exist in neuroses (see The Psychoses, seminar delivered in 1955-1956). Yet a neurotic affection is explained by the theory of `repression¿, a concept that designates the neurotic `psychic mechanism¿ and thereby does not apply to psychosis. How then such "disturbances" would allow for the apprehension of the particularities of the specific "psychic mechanism" of psychosis? More precisely: Beginning from the notion of `language disturbances¿, how one is to discern the trajectory of production of the conception according to which the psychotic `mechanism¿ is the foreclosure of the Nome-of-the-Father? In inquiring this question, this study relied on the seminar¿s stenographed version, which substantially differs from Jacques-Allain Miller¿s edited version. The conclusion is that what explains the particularities of psychoses is neither disorders "of language¿ nor "in the order of language" but rather the "disorders of alienation in the order of language". From the notion of `alienation¿, we may infer that the model to thinking psychosis is premised on the neurotic paradigm of Freud¿s work. In suggesting the abovementioned notion of `foreclosure¿, Lacan instead proposed an exercise of thinking that conceives of psychosis¿ structuring `mechanism¿ in the moment of the subject¿s proper constitution / Doutorado / Linguistica / Doutor em Linguística

This thesis will address the mechanisms underlying amphetamine addiction, as well as the psychosis that may develop with amphetamine use.

Small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK) channels are expressed throughout brain regions important for long-term memory. They constrain the intrinsic excitability of neurons by enhancing afterhyperpolarization, shape glutamatergic synaptic potentials and limit induction of NMDA receptor-dependent synaptic plasticity. Behaviorally, SK channels modulate learning and memory encoding. It is hypothesized that SK channels influence cognitive symptoms of psychosis including executive functioning, working memory, and selective attention. Theories of psychosis currently posit that symptoms of psychosis are a result of dopaminergic hyperfunction, and glutamatergic dysregulation which can be induced following administration of the NMDA receptor antagonist, ketamine. Initial experiments confirmed that sub-chronic treatment with KET produced significant impairment of object recognition memory, trace fear memory, and latent inhibition compared to SAL mice. A comparison of ketamine dosing regimens revealed the necessity for sub-chronic/chronic dosing on a consistent schedule with a wash out period, to obtain long-lasting attention and memory impairment. These experiments revealed for the first time that sub-chronic KET treatment elicited a new phenotype in male C57BL/6J mice: audible vocalizations. KET mice emitted audible vocalizations within 10 min of receiving KET injections, and vocalizations were detected up to 30 min after injection. Experiments conducted to determine the efficacy of SK channel agonists and antagonists on SK channels to modulate attention and memory in the ketamineinduced model of psychosis in C57BL/6J mice demonstrated for the first time that the SK2 channel activator, CyPPA, significantly reduced memory impairment and decreased the attention deficit of KET mice. A new method of analysis for trace fear conditioning freezing responses permitted a more accurate measurement of the ability of mice to discriminate the predicted delivery of shock during trace versus CS intervals. The application of the novel analytical method further demonstrated that KET mice failed to accurately discriminate these intervals, due to their impaired attention and acquisition of the trace conditioned response. This study examined the efficacy of SK channel drugs to rescue cognitive impairments in a pharmacological mouse model of schizophrenia. The results indicate that SK2 subunit activators and blockers, may provide a new therapeutic treatment for memory impairment and attention deficits seen in schizophrenic disorders. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2020. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection