• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 39
  • 13
  • 9
  • 6
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 94
  • 94
  • 57
  • 21
  • 18
  • 14
  • 13
  • 13
  • 13
  • 13
  • 11
  • 11
  • 11
  • 11
  • 10
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
61

Making a Little Go a Long Way: The Socio-economic Factors Influencing the Adoption of Fertilizer Microdosing in Northwest Benin

2015 February 1900 (has links)
Soil degradation and low crop productivity negatively affect the food security of smallholder farmers in West Africa. Various agricultural techniques have been developed as components of food security interventions, but their effectiveness in addressing food insecurity in part depends upon farmers’ willingness to adopt these techniques. Likewise, adoption depends upon the effectiveness of these techniques in fulfilling farmers’ objectives. The institutional and biophysical environments mediate not only the effectiveness of the techniques, but also how farmers value a technique. This study examined the evidence for fertilizer microdosing as a form of agricultural intensification and the socio-economic conditions that influence its adoption among smallholder farmers. A census was conducted in one village in northwest Benin that had recently seen the introduction of fertilizer microdosing. Key household-level determinants of adoption identified in the literature—household resources, household demographics, and access to inputs— were included in the household surveys. Using partial budgeting analysis and yield data from demonstration plots, the relative profitability of fertilizer microdosing was calculated as a necessary condition of adoption. Drawing from farmers’ stories, the potential value of microdosing was contextualized within the larger social and institutional context. Based upon the village census, there was little adoption outside of the research project that introduced microdosing to the village. Households using microdosing (predominantly found within the research project) had, on average, higher socio-economic status, more cultivable land and larger labour forces. Profitability analysis indicated that microdosing was on average less profitable than the point-source application of the recommended dosage rate in Benin (the common alternative). However, farmers still expressed a desire to microdose, due to poorly functioning input markets, poor infrastructure, and lack of access to financial instruments, all of which limited the availability, access and utilization of inorganic fertilizer.
62

Análise de risco do aproveitamento da água de chuva para uso não potável em edificações

Bassanesi, Karine 29 August 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:09:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6374.pdf: 3492837 bytes, checksum: 8f055db37f9dcba344e72aacee8ecfe5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / This master degree contains a literature review on the conservation of water, rainwater utilization, quality and water treatment, legislation and risk analysis. Was verified that rainwater utilization systems vary widely in type and would be important to be able to correlate the precipitated water, uses and models for each situation. And for this work was used the risk analysis focusing the preliminary hazard analysis. A bibliographic review carried out presented some guides and legislation that could complete quality control parameters for non-potable rainwater utilization, and determine the time to review these parameters to control the operation of the system. The study's preliminary analysis was used to study the greatest dangers in the use of rain-related water quality system, critical control points, the user risks, control measures and mitigation measures. For the case study was addressed the same preliminary hazard analysis for knowledge about the contamination of rainwater in relation to the control parameters and on their own knowledge of project development for rainwater utilization. Through the two analyzes a proposal of guidelines was performed for implantation of rainwater utilization system for the case study and there is a possibility of a real fitness for safe use. / O presente trabalho de mestrado contém uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a conservação da água, o aproveitamento pluvial, qualidade e tratamento da água, legislações e análise de risco. Foi constatado que os sistemas de aproveitamento pluvial variam bastante de tipologia e seria importante poder correlacionar a água precipitada com os usos e os modelos para cada situação. Assim, para o presente trabalho foi utilizada a análise de risco com enfoque na análise preliminar de perigos. Com os estudos dos trabalhos apresentados e todos os guias e legislações, foi possível concluir parâmetros de controle da qualidade para o aproveitamento pluvial não potável, e determinar um tempo para análise desses parâmetros para controle do funcionamento do sistema. O estudo da análise preliminar foi utilizado para estudar os maiores perigos dentro do sistema de aproveitamento pluvial relacionado à qualidade de água, os pontos críticos de controle, riscos ao usuário, as medidas de controle e as medidas mitigadoras. Para o estudo de caso, foi abordada a mesma análise preliminar de perigos para o conhecimento sobre a contaminação da água da chuva em relação aos parâmetros de controle e sobre o próprio conhecimento do desenvolvimento do projeto para o aproveitamento pluvial. Por meio das duas análises, foi realizada uma proposta de diretrizes para a implantação do sistema de aproveitamento pluvial para o estudo de caso e existe a possibilidade de uma adequação real para o uso seguro.
63

Variáveis de projeto e sua influência no desempenho e dimensionamento de reservatórios de aproveitamento de água da chuva / Project variables and its influence on the performance and design of rainwater harvesting tanks

Perius, Carla Fernanda 15 December 2016 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Rainwater harvesting (RWH) for non-potable use in buildings are a widespread practice around the world. The reservation is the item with the greatest variability in the RWH system design. The reservoir volume must be optimized in a way that it is not too large and costly, and not too small and insufficient to meet the demands. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the project variables (faults in the rainfall series, catchment-demand conditions, initial reserve situation, discharge volumes, different demand series, changes in precipitation series) in the volume and performance of RWH tanks. For this, different catchment areas (100, 200 and 300 m²) were considered, located in five cities of Brazil - Porto Alegre, RS; Sao Paulo-SP; Goiânia, GO; João Pessoa, PB and Manaus, AM, thus contemplating different pluviometry regimes. For this purpose, the volume balance methodology was used, evaluating results for different commercial tanks volumes (1,000 L, 1,500 L, 2,000 L, 3,000 L and 5,000 L). Regarding the initial simulation criteria (catchment-demand conditions, initial reservation situation, discard volumes), the first discard runoff generated the most representative changes in the failure to meet the demand (8%). In relation to the different demand series, an increase of 40% in demand volume caused a 2.5-fold increase in the storage volume in regions with low rainfall seasonal variability and up to 5 times the size of the reservoir in the regions with well-defined seasonality. With regard to the different rearrangements of the series of precipitations, the inter-annual and intra-annual variations did not cause major changes in the failure of demand supply. Thus, based on the results found, it is recommended to consider the influence of the extension and the temporal discretization of the precipitations series in the rainwater reservoir design. / O aproveitamento da água da chuva (AAC) para consumo não potável nas edificações é uma prática muito difundida em todo o mundo. A reservação é um dos itens de maior variabilidade no dimensionamento do sistema de AAC. O volume do reservatório deve ser otimizado, de forma a não ser excessivamente grande e oneroso, e tampouco pequeno e insuficiente no cumprimento ao atendimento às demandas. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência das variáveis de projeto (falhas na série de precipitações, condições captação-demanda, situação inicial de reservação, volumes de descarte, diferentes séries de demandas e diferentes alterações nas séries de precipitações) no volume e desempenho de reservatórios de aproveitamento de água da chuva (RAAC). Para isso, foram consideradas diferentes áreas de captação (100, 200 e 300 m²), localizado em cinco cidades do Brasil - Porto Alegre, RS; São Paulo, SP; Goiânia, GO; João Pessoa, PB e Manaus, AM, contemplando assim, diferentes regimes pluviométricos. A metodologia empregada para esse fim foi o método da simulação de balanço hídrico em reservatórios, com a avaliação dos resultados para diferentes volumes comerciais (1.000 L, 1.500 L, 2.000 L, 3.000 L e 5.000 L). Quanto aos critérios iniciais de simulação (condições captação-demanda, situação inicial de reservação, volumes de descarte), o descarte do primeiro escoamento gerou as alterações mais representativas nas falhas ao atendimento à demanda. Quanto às diferentes séries de demandas, aumentos de 40% do volume demandado, provocaram um acréscimo de 2,5 vezes no volume de armazenamento em regiões com baixa variabilidade sazonal do regime de chuvas e, em até 5 vezes o tamanho do reservatório, nas regiões com sazonalidades bem definidas. Quanto aos diferentes rearranjos da série de precipitações, as variações interanuais e intra-anuais não ocasionaram grandes alterações nas falhas no atendimento à demanda. Assim, com base nos resultados encontrados, recomenda-se uma maior atenção à influência da extensão e a discretização temporal da série de precipitações durante o dimensionamento de reservatórios para o aproveitamento de água da chuva.
64

Nová koncepce velkoplošných závlahových systémů / New concept of large-area irrigation systems

Pírková, Marcela January 2021 (has links)
This diploma thesis is focused on a large-scale irrigation embedded in the urban landscape. The main goal is to find a new concept of the large-scale irrigation system using a minimum of added electrical energy. The system is aimed at rainwater harvesting and distribution in populated areas. Part of the work is the analysis of the zoning plan of the selected locality, the design of the entire system from the accumulation of collected water to the distribution of watering to the root zone of plants. In the practical part, the proposed distribution network is calculated according to the current known equations, and the calculation is finished with the choice of a suitable diameter of the pipeline network. In addition, the work suggests possible sites for new planting of plants.
65

Substituting Residential Rainwater Harvesting and Greywater Reuse for Public Water Supply: Tools for Evaluating the Public Cost

Ferguson, Jennifer L 01 June 2009 (has links)
The intent of this project is to provide tools for public administrators to implement and evaluate the cost of an alternative on-site residential water supply using rainwater harvesting and greywater reuse in their jurisdiction. These tools are then applied to the city of San Luis Obispo (SLO), California as a case study to demonstrate how rainwater harvesting and greywater reuse could be implemented to supply all residential potable and non-potable water needs, completely replacing the current centralized publicly-managed water system. Further, energy and direct fiscal costs of the alternative system are compared with the current system. A cost analysis is crucial given that sustainability is heavily linked to appropriately valuing a resource and increasing the visibility of same to the public. Pursuing sustainable water supply options is particularly important given critical water shortages and the need to decouple the energy/water equation in pursuit of reducing energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. A decision tree and other tools were developed as part of this project for use by public administrators to determine the site-specific scope of an alternative residential water supply system. For example, a key question is the capacity of such a system to supply both potable and non-potable water needs. These tools were applied to single family (SF) residences in the case study city of SLO and resulted in an alternative residential system capable of completely substituting for public water supply. Implementation requires a major adjustment of indoor water demand from the SLO average of 55 gallons per capita per day (gpcd) to a ‘best practice’ water conservation mode of 27 gpcd, including a greywater reuse system for irrigation and toilet flushing. With demand held constant, the costs of the alternative on-site residential water supply system were then compared to the costs of the current centralized public water system for both the municipality and the consumer in SF residences in SLO. The public water supply costs were based on overall budgeted costs, including implementing a new project the city is partially financing for conveying Nacimiento Reservoir water to SLO. Consumer-billed costs include expected price increases proposed for the next year by the City largely due to the addition of the Nacimiento project. The volumetrically apportioned municipal water supply cost ($0.0049/gallon) is 37% lower than that billed to the consumer ($0.0078/gallon), but the wastewater processing cost for the City ($0.0125/gallon) is 39% greater than that billed to the consumer ($0.0076/gallon). Thus the combined water supply and wastewater processing costs for the City are only 4% greater than that billed to residential customers. It is notable that the City intends to significantly increase water prices billed to customers over the next several years which would shift the cost analysis in favor of the alternative system. The alternative system costs were based on operating costs (such as electricity) and the cost of the installed components of the system averaged yearly according to the life of the parts (10-50 years). The municipal cost for water supply ($0.0049/gallon) was 55% less than the cost for the alternative system ($0.0111/gallon), but the cost savings of wastewater processing using the alternative system ($0.0086/gallon) is 31% less than the municipal cost ($0.0125/gallon). The alternative systems savings are mostly a result of on-site greywater reuse for irrigation and indicate the scope of the immediate fiscal benefit to the municipality to substitute residential greywater systems for current public wastewater services. To calculate the overall cost difference in terms of both water supply and wastewater costs, the total costs used are as if all SF residences in SLO used the system. Overall, the municipal costs for combined water supply and wastewater processing ($4,137,598/yr) were 20% less than the alternative decentralized on-site system ($5,376,735/yr). The cost to the consumer for current water supply through the public water system ($0.0078/gallon) is 29% lower than the proposed alternative system ($0.0111/gallon). The wastewater processing cost to the consumer ($0.0076) is also 11% less than that of the alternative system ($0.0086/gallon). On this basis, the consumer cost using expected billing rates ($4,137,598) is 23% lower using the public water system than the cost of the alternative system ($5,376,735). Expected water and sewer rate increases may skew these results in favour of the alternative system where it is viable for the consumer to completely replace their water system and remove their household off the public water system to their financial benefit. The overall energy for water supply and wastewater processing used by the public water system was 34% lower (1,216,849 kWh/yr) than the alternative system (1,855,894 kWh/yr). The alternative on-site system’s electrically-driven pump is mostly responsible for this energy use and could be virtually eliminated by using gravity feed, as is common in many parts of the world currently using rainwater harvesting technology. Solar energy is also an effective solution to eliminate fossil-fuel based electricity. From a fiscal perspective, the alternative system costs are inflated given that an expected drop in supply cost would likely ensue with the economies of scale gained if an entire city was purchasing equipment for the alternative systems. This could override the results of the study showing the alternative system’s 20-23% higher fiscal cost than current public water system. Considering the ‘no fossil-fuel’ energy alternatives and the expected significant drop in supply cost with large scale purchasing, the alternative system provides a promising alternative residential water supply for SLO.
66

How Rainwater Can Transform Cities : An Evaluation of Success Factors for Urban Rainwater Harvesting Projects in Europe / Regnvatten som resurs : En litteraturstudie om framgångsfaktorer för lokalt omhändertagande av dagvatten i Europa

Pauls, Linnéa January 2019 (has links)
Changing weather patterns challenge societies globally and at multiple levels related to amongst others health, the environment, disaster management and mitigation. There is a need for greater flexibility and resilience, which in turn can be enabled through a transition towards increased sustainability in governance and infrastructure. Urban rainwater harvesting (URWH) is a term used in this paper to collect various approaches to the sustainable handling of rainwater in cities, a practice becoming increasingly common in some areas of the world. Global experiences can be useful learning opportunities in the planning, implementation and maintenance of sustainable urban rainwater harvesting in future smart cities. The aim of this thesis was to synthesize the factors of success of previous projects, in order to develop a framework tailored to the evaluation of projects concerned with rainwater harvesting. The review spans over 18 projects of different scale and design. The findings of the study show that successful URWH projects are: (1) found as part of urban renewal schemes; (2) successfully implemented by involved actors with open mindsets and flexible and collaborative working approaches; (3) maintained based on plans determined from the onset of the project, developed together with local actors, in order to involve the community and strengthen social inclusion. The revised evaluative framework, which is proposed as a result of the review, indicates general trends of success among the reviewed cases. To be fully operational, the framework should be further developed with additional URWH projects and revised thereafter.
67

Impact potentiel de l’utilisation de l’eau de pluie dans le bâtiment sur les consommations d’eau potable à l’échelle urbaine : le cas de l’agglomération parisienne / Potential impact of the use of rainwater within buildings on the consumption of drinking water at a city scale : case of Paris conurbation

Belmeziti, Ali 06 July 2012 (has links)
Ce travail de recherche vise à appréhender les effets engendrés à terme sur la gestion urbaine de l'eau par le développement progressif de la pratique de récupération et d'utilisation de l'eau de pluie (RUEP), et plus particulièrement sur l'alimentation en eau potable. Il est réalisé de manière prospective à l'échelle de l'agglomération parisienne. Plus largement, cette recherche constitue une contribution au débat ouvert depuis quelques années relatif à la remise en question progressive du modèle centralisé de gestion de l'eau en milieu urbain. Après une description de la pratique urbaine de REUP, ce travail établit un état de l'art des outils et des méthodes scientifiques s'y rapportant, et suggère de se focaliser sur le développement d'une approche de changement d'échelles. L'objectif est de produire, à une échelle urbaine, une estimation significative des économies d'eau potable réalisables en substituant à celle-ci de l'eau de pluie récupérée pour des usages ne requérant pas une qualité d'eau alimentaire. Pour ce faire, nous proposons une approche basée sur l'évaluation séquentielle à l'aide d'une échelle intermédiaire (la commune), d'une logique de regroupement de bâtiments aux caractéristiques comparables au regard de la RUEP et de quatre principes (distinction, agrégation, majoration, hiérarchisation).Sur l'agglomération de Paris, la méthodologie mise en œuvre montre que l'eau de pluie récupérée est susceptible de représenter un potentiel équivalent à 65% des besoins en eau non potable et à 11% du volume d'eau potable distribué. Le travail met également en évidence que le secteur résidentiel constitue le gisement principal de ce potentiel, car il détient 2/3 du potentiel global de l'agglomération. Une première analyse du système d'acteurs impliqués dans la RUEP en milieu urbain complète ce travail. Cette analyse permet de dégager un sous ensemble particulier d'acteurs qui ont la capacité d'effectuer une action « levier » sur la diffusion de cette pratique sur une échelle urbaine, soit directement en raison de leur capacité d'action collective (un ensemble de bâtiments par exemple), soit indirectement au travers de leur capacité d'influencer sur les propriétaires des bâtiments (mécanismes d'incitation notamment).Au final, ce travail permet de situer la RUEP en milieu urbain au sein du débat général portant sur les mutations que connaît la ville d'aujourd'hui / This research aims at assessing the effects generated, on management of urban water in the long term, by progressive development of rainwater harvesting (RWH), and more particularly on the drinking water supply. It is carried out in a prospective way on the scale of Paris and its suburbs. On the whole, this research contributes to a controversy about the validity of a centralized model of management of water in an urban environment. After a description of the RWH in urban areas, this report presents state of the art tools and scientific methods, and focuses on the development of a scaling approach. The objective is to produce, a significant assessment of potential potable water savings (PPWS), on an urban scale by substituting part of it by rainwater recovered for uses which do not require such quality. With this aim, we propose an approach based on sequential evaluation using an intermediate scale (the municipality), on merging of buildings with similar characteristics related to RWH and four methodological principles (modeling, aggregation, increase, Ranking strategy)Applied to the Paris agglomeration, the implemented methodology shows that the recovered rainwater volume is likely to represent a potential equivalent of 65% of the demands for non-drinking water and of 11% of the drinking water distributed. This research also highlights that the residential sector constitutes the major contribution of this potential, because it holds 2/3 of the total potential to the Paris agglomeration. The first analysis of the system of actors implied in the RWH in urban environment has also been developed. This analysis makes it possible to identify a specific subset of actors who have the capacity to carry out an “lever” action in generalizing this practice on an urban scale, either directly because of their capacity of leading a collective action (for a set of buildings for example), or indirectly through their capacity to act on the owners of the buildings (by incentive mechanisms in particular).Finally, this work positions RWH in on urban environment within the general debate related to the evolution of present cities
68

DIMENSIONAMENTO DE RESERVATÓRIOS PARA SISTEMAS DE ABASTECIMENTO DE ÁGUA DA CHUVA PARA A REGIÃO DOS CAMPOS GERAIS TENDO EM VISTA CENÁRIOS DE MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS

Costa, Luciana Cristina da 25 November 2016 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-20T13:41:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciana Cristina da Costa.pdf: 2443313 bytes, checksum: df3d1e0d636be7307896158776a53208 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-25 / The objective of this study was to size the reservoir for rainwater harvesting system in the Campos Gerais of Paraná according to the methodologies proposed by the ABNT (2007), considering the impacts of climate change projected until the end of the 21st century on the fifth report of the IPCC. On this paper, the methodologies for calculation of final volume of rainwater reservoir proposed by ABNT (2007) were used, as well the historical series of rainfall data and those projected for two possible climatic scenarios were used. Through the PGECLIMA_R tool, it was possible to project the precipitation levels predicted in the best and the worst climatic scenario by the end of the century, in order to size the reservoir and analyze the impacts caused by climate change under the final volume of the rainwater reservoir. It was concluded that the designer should take into account the expected climate changes for the design of storage reservoirs and the use of rainwater, since these presented large volume variations according to each applied methodology and for each simulated scenario. When designing future precipitation data, the PGECLIMA_R software presented itself as an important tool to be used in the area of civil construction, urban and development planning. / O objetivo deste estudo foi dimensionar o reservatório para águas pluviais para a Região dos Campos Gerais do Paraná de acordo com as metodologias propostas pela ABNT (2007), considerando para tanto os impactos das alterações climáticas projetadas até o final do século XXI do quinto relatório do IPCC. Para realização deste trabalho foram utilizadas as metodologias de cálculo de volume final de reservatório de água pluvial propostas pela ABNT (2007), série histórica de dados pluviométricos assim como os projetados para dois possíveis cenários climáticos. Através da ferramenta PGECLIMA_R foi possível projetar os níveis de precipitação previstos no melhor e no pior cenário climático para o final do século, e desta forma dimensionar o reservatório e analisar os impactos causados pelas alterações climáticas sob o volume final do reservatório para águas pluviais. Concluiu-se que os métodos de dimensionamento estudados possuem grande sensibilidade quanto às alterações climáticas, sendo assim o projetista deve levar em consideração as alterações climáticas previstas para proceder com o dimensionamento de reservatórios de armazenamento e utilização das águas pluviais, uma vez que estes apresentaram grandes variações de volume de acordo com cada metodologia aplicada e para cada cenário simulado. Ao projetar dados de precipitação futuros, o software PGECLIMA_R apresentou-se como uma importante ferramenta a ser utilizada na área da construção civil, de planejamento e desenvolvimento urbano.
69

Esgotamento sanitário a vácuo: descrição e comparações econômicas / Vacum severage technology description and economic evaluation

Resende Filho, Anabi 23 September 2009 (has links)
A escassez de água no planeta já é uma realidade pontual, inclusive já despontando no horizonte, em nosso país, fora do polígono da seca: na região metropolitana de São Paulo, o modelo de adução, a partir de bacias circunvizinhas, está perto de exaurir, pelos custos que esse tipo de solução adotada desde a época do império romano acarreta nas tarifas para o consumidor final. Assim, a busca pelas chamadas soluções racionais têm, cada vez mais, ganhado adeptos e, dentre estas, a que se tem mostrado mais eficiente e mais eficaz é a tecnologia do esgotamento sanitário a vácuo, visto ser a bacia sanitária a responsável por aproximadamente 40% do consumo residencial de água, e por um percentual semelhante também em edifícios comerciais. A partir do estudo de caso no edifício-sede da Secretaria de Orçamento Federal SOF, em Brasília, foi constatada economia de 30% no consumo médio de água, medido em metros cúbicos, depois da implantação do sistema a vácuo - em substituição ao sistema gravitacional, ocorrida em janeiro de 2008 a par de um aumento de apenas 2% no consumo de energia elétrica, medido em kWh, não produzindo ônus, por força do contrato com a concessionária local de eletricidade, do tipo azul. Foram feitas, ainda, comparações com alternativas de abastecimento, quais sejam água de reuso e o aproveitamento de águas pluviais, este mais comum no Brasil embora nitidamente mais recomendável para construções com até dois pavimentos, enquanto aquele, por enquanto, pode ser considerado uma prospecção teórica para as condições de nosso país / The water shortage in the planet is already a punctual reality that is already rising in our country outside the drought polygon (in northeastern part of Brazil). In the metropolitan area of São Paulo the adduction model coming from the neighboring basins is on the brinks of exhaustion, because this kind of solution costs, adopted since the Roman Empire times, brings up to tariffs to the final customer. In this manner, the search for the so called rational solutions has gained more and more followers and among these the one that has shown more efficiency and accuracy is the vacuum sewerage technology, considering that sanitary basin is responsible for almost 40% of the residential water consumption and a similar percentage occurs also in trade buildings. Taking the case study in the headquarter building of Secretaria de Orçamento Federal (SOF), in Brasília, it was verified a 30% economy in the average water consumption, measured in cubic meters, since the vacuum system was established (replacing the gravitational system), on January 2008, informed about only 2% increase in the electricity consumption, measured in kWh, it means that there was no effective increase in the electricity bill, once the local provide company contract, of the blue type, has foretold small oscillations in the supply without deduction on the bill. It was still done some comparative descriptions with others alternatives water supplies, whichever be grey water and rainwater harvesting, this one widely used in Brazil although it is more suggested to up to two floor buildings while the other, for the time being, can be considered as a theoretical prospection in our country
70

DIMENSIONAMENTO DE RESERVATÓRIOS PARA APROVEITAMENTO DE ÁGUA DA CHUVA CONSIDERANDO CENÁRIOS DE MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS PARA A REGIÃO DOS CAMPOS GERAIS

Costa, Luciana Cristina da 25 November 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Angela Maria de Oliveira (amolivei@uepg.br) on 2018-09-26T19:00:38Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Luciana Cristina da Costa.pdf: 9370898 bytes, checksum: 7b508cff344555ff949952d7da020a01 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-26T19:00:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Luciana Cristina da Costa.pdf: 9370898 bytes, checksum: 7b508cff344555ff949952d7da020a01 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-25 / O objetivo deste estudo foi dimensionar o reservatório para águas pluviais para a Região dos Campos Gerais do Paraná de acordo com as metodologias propostas pela Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT), considerando para tanto os impactos das alterações climáticas projetadas até o final do século XXI do quinto relatório do Painel Intergovernamental de Mudanças Climáticas. Para realização deste trabalho foram utilizadas as metodologias de cálculo de volume final de reservatório de água pluvial propostas pela ABNT, série histórica de dados pluviométricos assim como os projetados para dois possíveis cenários climáticos. Através da ferramenta PGECLIMA_R foi possível projetar os níveis de precipitação previstos no melhor e no pior cenário climático para o final do século, e desta forma dimensionar o reservatório e analisar os impactos causados pelas alterações climáticas sob o volume final do reservatório para águas pluviais. Concluiu-se que os métodos de dimensionamento estudados possuem grande sensibilidade quanto às alterações climáticas, sendo assim o projetista deve levar em consideração as alterações climáticas previstas para proceder com o dimensionamento de reservatórios de armazenamento e utilização das águas pluviais, uma vez que estes apresentaram grandes variações de volume de acordo com cada metodologia aplicada e para cada cenário simulado. Ao projetar dados de precipitação futuros, o software PGECLIMA_R apresentou-se como uma importante ferramenta a ser utilizada na área da construção civil, de planejamento e desenvolvimento urbano. / The objective of this study was to size the reservoir for rainwater harvesting system in the Campos Gerais of Paraná according to the methodologies proposed by the ABNT (2007), considering the impacts of climate change projected until the end of the 21st century on the fifth report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. On this paper, the methodologies for calculation of final volume of rainwater reservoir proposed by ABNT (2007) were used, as well the historical series of rainfall data and those projected for two possible climatic scenarios were used. Through the PGECLIMA_R tool, it was possible to project the precipitation levels predicted in the best and the worst climatic scenario by the end of the century, in order to size the reservoir and analyze the impacts caused by climate change under the final volume of the rainwater reservoir. It was concluded that the designer should take into account the expected climate changes for the design of storage reservoirs and the use of rainwater, since these presented large volume variations according to each applied methodology and for each simulated scenario. When designing future precipitation data, the PGECLIMA_R software presented itself as an important tool to be used in the area of civil construction, urban and development planning.

Page generated in 0.1672 seconds