Thesis advisor: Mary Ann Glynn / This dissertation examines the decline and re-emergence of the Swiss mechanical watch industry from 1970-2008, exploring how, when, and why market demand for legacy technologies resurrect and reshape a mature field. Extending existing research on technology emergence and death, I reveal the dynamics of technology and field re-emergence. I focus on the mechanisms of identity and institutional change associated with re-emergence, as well as how institutional leaders and guardians serve as agents of change who simultaneously preserve and reframe the values and product conceptions associated with a legacy technology. Additionally, I advance the notion of identity ambidexterity by examining how organizations explore and exploit multiple elements of their identity simultaneously during such periods of instability. Using qualitative and quantitative methods, I analyze a wide range of interview, archival, historical, and observational data at the levels of the industry and the organization. More broadly, I seek to demonstrate how the reclamation of legacy identities reshapes the institutional environment of a mature field, and how incumbent firms re-define their organizational identities after a technological innovation threatens to destroy their dominant market position. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2013. / Submitted to: Boston College. Carroll School of Management. / Discipline: Management and Organization.

Nesta pesquisa in vitro verificou-se a possibilidade de remoção do manchamento causado por café ou vinho tinto em cinco resinas compostas disponíveis comercialmente, após serem submetidas ao processo de envelhecimento. Trinta e seis espécimes de cada resina composta foram confeccionados em uma matriz de teflon, com 10 mm de diâmetro e 1,5 mm de espessura. Os espécimes foram mantidos em água destilada a 37ºC por 24 horas e, em seguida, polidos com irrigação na politriz (Ecomet Buehler USA) nas duas superfícies, com lixa de carbureto de silício com granulação de número 600, até atingirem a espessura de 1,3 ±0,01 mm. Após o polimento, a cor dos espécimes foi aferida com espectrofotômetro Cintra 10 UV (Visible Spectrometer, GBC, Austrália). Todos os espécimes foram submetidos à ciclagem térmica com temperaturas de 5 e 55ºC, com tempo de imersão de 1 minuto, por 1000 ciclos em solução de 75% álcool-água. Após a ciclagem térmica, os espécimes foram mantidos imersos em água destilada a 37ºC até completar o período de 7 dias da confecção das amostras. Após esse período, todos os espécimes foram levados ao espectrofotômetro para leitura da cor. Os espécimes foram divididos em três grupos, cada um com n=12, de acordo com as soluções em que foram imersos: água destilada (controle), café e vinho tinto. Para que o processo de manchamento acontecesse em uma única superfície do espécime, uma das faces e a superfície lateral do espécime foram isoladas com cera branca. Os espécimes foram imersos nas diferentes soluções e mantidos a 37ºC por 14 dias. Após o período de manchamento, a cera foi removida e a superfície submetida ao manchamento passou por escovação com escova elétrica (Escova Elétrica Braun Oral-B Procter & Gamble do Brasil S.A., Manaus, Brasil) por 30 segundos com pressão leve. Os espécimes foram secos com papel absorvente e novamente levados ao espectrofotômetro para medição da cor. Em seguida, os espécimes foram submetidos a três desgastes de 20 m e a cor foi aferida após cada um dos desgastes. O cálculo da diferença de cor foi realizado através da fórmula CIEDE2000. De acordo com a metodologia utilizada neste estudo, concluiuse que o manchamento provocado por café e vinho tinto nos compósitos avaliados foi superficial e um desgaste de 20 m foi suficiente para remoção de tal manchamento. / This in vitro research verified the possible elimination of staining caused by coffee and red wine in five commercial composite resins, after being submitted to thermal cycling. Thirty six specimens were prepared in a teflon mold with 10 mm in diameter and 1.5 mm thick. The specimens were immersed in water at 37ºC for 24 h and polished (Ecomet Buehler - USA) in both surfaces with a # 600 grit silicon carbide paper until achieve 1.3 ±0.01 mm thickness. After polishing, specimens color was measured in a spectrophotometer Cintra 10 UV (Visible Spectrometer, GBC, Austrália). All specimens were submitted to thermal cycling with temperatures of 5 and 55ºC with a dwell time of 1 minute, for 1000 cycles in a 75% ethanol/water solution. After thermal cycling the specimens were immersed in water at 37ºC until complete 7 days from the preparation of the specimens. All the specimens were then taken into spectrophotometer for measuring the color. The specimens were divided into 3 groups (n=12): distilled water (control), coffee and red wine. For the purpose of the staining process to occur in only one surface, all the side and one of the surfaces were isolated with white wax. The specimens were immersed in one of the solutions at 37ºC for 14 days. After the staining period, the wax was removed and the specimens were brushed with electric toothbrush (Braun Oral-B, Procter & Gamble do Brasil S.A., Manaus, Brasil) for 30 seconds with a slight pressure. The specimens were dry with a tissue paper and were taken to spectrophotometer for measuring the color. Following, the specimens were submitted to three wears of 20 m and the color was measured after each one of the wears. The calculation of the color difference was made through CIEDE2000 formula. According to the methodology used in this research, it was concluded that the staining caused by coffee and red wine was superficial and one wear of 20 m was enough for removing the discoloration.

Objetivo: Pesquisar aspectos que permitam a reflexão quanto a (re)habilitação de crianças com deficiência auditiva, após a realização da cirurgia do implante coclear (IC) ou adaptação de Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual (AASI) no Estado de São Paulo. Metodologia: Estudo prospectivo transversal desenvolvido no Departamento de Fonoaudiologia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru e Centro de Pesquisas Audiológicas (CPA) do Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais, Universidade de São Paulo. Inicialmente, foi realizado o levantamento e caracterização dos diferentes serviços que realizam terapia fonoaudiológica voltada (re) habilitação auditiva no Estado de São Paulo, pelo Cadastro Nacional dos Estabelecimentos de Saúde (CNES) até abril de 2013. Participaram 57 serviços, para os quais foram encaminhados via email: 1.Questionário de Avaliação da Rede de (Re) Habilitação Auditiva e Perfil dos Reabilitadores; 2. Questionário de Avaliação da qualidade dos serviços de saúde que oferecem terapia voltada a (re) habilitação auditiva à população infantil com deficiência auditiva e seu funcionamento sob a perspectiva do terapeuta e do gestor. Os resultados foram analisados de forma qualitativa e estatística descritiva, de acordo com cada tipo de serviços estudado. Resultados:Quanto à caracterização da população atendida foram analisadas 794 crianças com deficiência auditiva(0 a 17 anos),a maioria na faixa etária de 5 a 8 anos,sendo que aquelas atendidas nos Serviços de Atenção Básica não precisam viajar para receber a (re) habilitação. Foram analisados aspectos quanto aos dispositivos eletrônicos; dados da terapia fonoaudiológica; atualização profissional; gerenciamento do serviço; infraestrutura e funcionamento da rede. Conclusão: Apesar da limitação encontrada quanto aos sistemas de informação, com o estudo foi possível retratar os serviços do Estado de São Paulo que oferecem a terapia fonoaudiológica à população infantil usuária de dispositivos eletrônicos (AASI e/ou IC), bem como após a identificação destes serviços, caracterizar o perfil destas crianças em uma amostra dos serviços, além de verificar a qualidade dos mesmos na perspectiva dos profissionais que atuam no atendimento dessa população e dos gestores, responsáveis por administrarem seu funcionamento. / Objective: To research aspects that allow the reflection on (re) habilitation of children with hearing impairment after the surgery of cochlear implant (CI) or adaptation of Hearing Aids (HA) in the State of São Paulo. Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Departamento de Fonoaudiologia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru and Centro de Pesquisas Audiológicas (CPA) from the Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais, Universidade de São Paulo. At first, it was conducted the survey and the characterization of different services that perform speech therapy focused on the (re) habilitation in the State of São Paulo by the National Register of Health Service Establishments \"(CNES) until April 2013. Fifty seven services attended and they were sent it via email: 1. Questionnaire about \"Net evaluation of Hearing (re)habilitation and skill of their rehabilitators\"; 2. Questionnaire about \"Assessment of quality health services that offer therapy (re) focused on habilitation of children with hearing loss and its functioning from the perspective of the therapist and the manager. The results were analyzed statistical descriptive and qualitatively form, according to each type of services studied. Results: Regarding the characterization of the served population were analyzed 794 children with hearing loss (0-17 years old), mostly in the 5-8 year group, and being that those attended in the Basic Care Service, do not need to travel to receive the (re) habilitation. Aspects were analyzed refer to the electronic devices; data of speech therapy; professional development; service management; infrastructure and network operation. Conclusion: Despite of the limitations found in the information systems, with the study it was possible to portray the services of the State of São Paulo that offer speech therapy to child user of electronic devices (hearing aids and/or CI) population as well as after the identification of these services characterize the profile of these children in a sample of services and to check their quality from the perspective of professionals attending in the care of this population and managers, responsible for administering its operation.

Orientador: Edmir Daniel Carvalho / Banca: Gilmar Bastos Santos / Banca: Ana Paula Vidotto Magnoni / Resumo: A criação de peixes em gaiolas ou tanques-rede iniciou-se há mais de 50 anos, no Delta do rio Mekong. Atualmente, este tipo de cultivo está se expandido em represas brasileiras, tendo como modelo a espécie não nativa Tilápia-do-Nilo (Oreochromis niloficus). Contudo os impactos decorrentes desta atividade sobre a ictiofauna são pouco conhecidos. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar a estrutura e composição das assembléias de peixes agregadas ao sistema de piscicultura e do respectivo trecho controle e, com base em atributos ecológicos, inferir possíveis impactos destes sistemas sobre a ictiofauna residente da represa de Chavantes. Para tal foram realizadas coletas, com redes de espera, nos meses de outubro e dezembro de 2007 na área onde seriam instalados os tanques-rede (pré- Tanque) e no período de abril/2008 a março/2009 (pós-Tanque), ao redor dos tanquesrede (TR) e em um trecho controle (CT) - sem interferência deste sistema. Entre os períodos pré-TR e TR foram encontradas diferenças com relação à composição de espécies e às médias de captura em número e biomassa. Entre os trechos TR e CT, o primeiro foi responsável por mais de 75% das capturas em abundância e biomassa. Foram observadas diferenças na composição das espécies, porém os trechos apresentaram similaridade ictiofaunística média (Jaccard = 0,73 e Morisita-Horn = 0,43). Não foram encontradas grandes diferenças com relação aos demais índices ecológicos, porém, o TR apresentou menor diversidade e riqueza de espécies e maior dominância. Assim reforçamos a idéia de que os sistemas de tanques-rede exercem forte atratividade sobre os peixes, causando agregações ao seu redor, resultando em re-estruturação da ictiofauna, pois favorecem as espécies oportunistas que se ajustam mais facilmente às novas condições resultantes das atividades deste empreendimento... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Fish farming in cages or net pens began more than 50 years in the Mekong Delta. Currently, this type of cultivation is expanding in the Brazilian reservoirs having as a model the non-native specie nile-tilapia (Oreochormios niloticus) However it's impacts on the fish fauna are poorly known. The present study seeks to defining the structure and composition of fish assemblages aggregated to that system and and its stretch control and, based on ecological attributes identify potential impacts caused by fish farming system on the on the resident fish fauna existing at the chavantes damo In order to attend that purpose it was used gill nets to collect samples in October and December of 2007 from the area where the net-pens would be installed (pre-tank) and from April of 2008 through March of 2009 (post-tank) around the cages (TR) and from a control section (CT) not influenced by the fish farming system. As a result, differences concerning species' composition and average catch in abundance and biomass were found between the pre-TR and TR periods. Comparing to the CT strecht, the TR stretch presented more than 75% of the catch in number of biomass. Differences relating to the species compositions were also found. However the stretchs presented similar average of fish fauna (Jaccard = 0.73 and Morisita-Horn = 0.43). There was no major difference concerning other ecological index, however, TR had lower diversity and species richness and higher dominance. Hence, it is reinforced the idea that systems of cages exert a strong attraction for fish, causing aggregations around the cages, resulting in restructuring of the fish fauna, for they benefit those opportunistic species witch adjust more easily to the new conditions caused by that kind cultivation. Yet, one must pay attention to the issues of non-native species that can cause significant impacts. Since this study was accomplished during... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Submitted by PPG Ci?ncias Sociais (csociais-pg@pucrs.br) on 2017-10-11T18:59:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Nguzu - um estudo sobre identidade do povo do santo no culto de matriz Kongo e Angola.pdf: 1809886 bytes, checksum: 2778ae8985ee43f351f2f5ea9c43b7a0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-10-17T13:05:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Nguzu - um estudo sobre identidade do povo do santo no culto de matriz Kongo e Angola.pdf: 1809886 bytes, checksum: 2778ae8985ee43f351f2f5ea9c43b7a0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-17T13:10:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nguzu - um estudo sobre identidade do povo do santo no culto de matriz Kongo e Angola.pdf: 1809886 bytes, checksum: 2778ae8985ee43f351f2f5ea9c43b7a0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This study aims to analyze the experience of identities of the "povo do santo", with a focus on experiences in the "candombl?" Kongo and Angola. For this, we seek to situate Bantu culture in the context of restructuring processes of the African religiosity in Brazil, as well as in the scenario of social changes that influence the construction of identities. The first chapter introduces the peoples of Africa, Bantu and Sudanese, through historical data and sociological, about the time of slavery, from cultural and religious. The next chapter deals with the "candombl?" as a research object, from the point of view of researchers who assess methodologically the experiences of initiation into the cult, and my positioning, as person divinized, and also a researcher. The third section shows some nuances that give authenticity to the cult of matrix Kongo and Angola, comparing them with the cult to "Orix?s". In addition, describe, briefly, the main deities in ?candombl?? Bantu and "nag?". The fourth and fifth chapters describe the exercises for field in the state of S?o Paulo. A narrative brings the participation of the researcher in an international meeting to discuss the identity of the ?candombl?? Angola; another shows a schematic of the ethnographic experience of identity within a temple of Bantu "candombl?". Both activities provide reflections and comparison of data. The sixth chapter is a review of the literature on the notions of identity developed by contemporary theorists in the Social Sciences, even though the concept discussed across disciplines. In addition, references on the movements of Africanization of the "candombl?" reinforce the employment of a perspective anthropological research on the topic. Finally, the last two chapters are devoted to the examination of the empirical exercises, where they sought to highlight the importance of Bantu culture and religious identity, from which they were extracted some considerations which point to the need for continuity of research on other aspects that comprise the African religions. / Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a viv?ncia de identidades do ?povo do santo?, com foco em experi?ncias no candombl? de matriz Kongo e Angola. Para isto, busca situar a cultura banta no contexto dos processos de reestrutura??o da religiosidade africana no Brasil, bem como no cen?rio de mudan?as sociais, que influenciam a constru??o de identidades. O primeiro cap?tulo apresenta os povos origin?rios africanos, bantos e sudaneses, atrav?s de dados hist?ricos e sociol?gicos sobre a ?poca da escravid?o, a partir de aspectos culturais e religiosos. O cap?tulo seguinte trata do candombl? como objeto de pesquisa, sob o ponto de vista de pesquisadores que avaliam metodologicamente as experi?ncias de inicia??o no culto, e de meu posicionamento, como iniciado e, tamb?m, pesquisador. O terceiro cap?tulo mostra algumas nuances que conferem autenticidade ao culto de matriz Kongo e Angola, comparando-as com o culto aos Orix?s. Al?m disso, se descrevem, brevemente, as principais divindades cultuadas nos candombl?s bantos e nag?s. O quarto e quinto cap?tulos relatam os exerc?cios de campo no estado de S?o Paulo. Um traz narrativas da participa??o do pesquisador em um encontro internacional para discutir a identidade do candombl? Angola; outro apresenta um esquema etnogr?fico da viv?ncia de identidade dentro de um terreiro de candombl? banto. Ambas as atividades proporcionaram reflex?es e cotejamento de dados. O sexto cap?tulo ? uma revis?o bibliogr?fica sobre as no??es de identidade desenvolvidas por te?ricos contempor?neos das Ci?ncias Sociais, mesmo sendo o conceito debatido interdisciplinarmente. Em complemento, refer?ncias sobre os movimentos de (re) africaniza??o do candombl? refor?am o emprego de uma perspectiva socioantropol?gica na investiga??o do tema. Finalmente, os ?ltimos dois cap?tulos s?o dedicados ao exame dos exerc?cios emp?ricos, onde se procurou evidenciar a expressividade da cultura banta e sua identidade religiosa, de onde foram extra?das algumas considera??es que apontam para a necessidade de continuidade de pesquisas sobre outras vertentes que compreendem as religi?es de matriz africana.

Low-template deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples are commonly found within forensic biological evidence. Low amounts of DNA become increasingly difficult to analyze as the allelic peaks become less distinguishable from instrumental noise. Forensic laboratories currently try to increase allele signal intensity through additional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cycles or enhancing capillary electrophoresis injection times or potentials. Purification of the post-PCR product may also be conducted as PCR reagents can compete with DNA fragments during electrokinetic injection. Though these strategies have proven useful, resulting in a higher signal to noise ratio, low-template samples continue to exhibit allele drop-out due to the stochastic variation induced by the forensic DNA laboratory process. Further complicating analysis is the fact that low-template DNA samples are often exhausted as the full amount is needed for analysis. Thus, PCR can be considered a destructive technique. Since allele drop-out is hypothesized to be the result of 1) insufficient levels of amplicons and 2) sampling effects, it is desirable to obtain the original DNA template after amplification for future analysis. This would minimize the impact of 1) above. Thus, a novel method which isolates genomic DNA after PCR amplification has been developed. Amplification products were produced using biotinylated primers and cleaned from the solution with streptavidin-coated magnetic beads. Filtration was then used to remove remaining PCR reagents and primers. The result is a recovered sample containing the original genomic DNA. Re-amplification was then performed showing the method is successful. Although the method is capable of re-amplifying isolated DNA after PCR, there are points within the procedure that need to be optimized. For example, significant amounts of DNA are lost during the cleaning process and there is a high retention of the original amplified product. This study describes the optimization steps taken to reduce DNA loss, specifically through the filtration step. When method optimization is complete, low-template DNA samples could be analyzed recursively without being destroyed during PCR.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is common in obese women and can lead to significant visual impairment. The cause of IIH is unknown and management controversial, due to the lack of prospective trials. This thesis provides a comprehensive review of the aetiology and management of IIH. The hypothesis that IIH is associated with a pro-inflammatory cytokine profile, suggested by its established association with female gender and obesity, was tested. Laboratory studies demonstrated the novel finding of elevated leptin in the cerebrospinal fluid from women with IIH, suggesting a role in the pathogenesis of IIH. The first randomised controlled trial in IIH is then reported. Treatment with acetazolamide was examined prospectively in 50 patients, providing seminal information to guide the design of future large-scale trials and data on the natural history of the condition. The observation that management of IIH is guided by a variety of clinical parameters was translated into a simple composite scoring system which was prospectively tested. Visual fields and optic disc appearance are shown to have the greatest influence on clinical outcome. Finally, a systematic study of the evaluation of papilloedema in IIH highlights the major limitations of the widely adopted Frisen staging scheme in the condition.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a blinding condition amongst the young obese female population characterised by elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). The aetiology of IIH is not known and, as highlighted in the 2005 Cochrane review, an evidence base for treatment has not been established, although weight loss is frequently advocated. Obesity is associated with dysregulation of cortisol metabolism by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1). Additionally, 11β-HSD1 has a role in the regulation of intraocular pressure. This thesis hypothesised that 11β-HSD1 is involved in the aetiology of IIH and examined the roles of obesity, 11β-HSD1 and metabolic changes in the pathogenesis and treatment of IIH. We demonstrated that ICP regulating structures (choroid plexus and arachnoid granulation tissue), are potential glucocorticoid target tissues expressing 11β-HSD1. Metabolomic analysis identified a unique biofluid metabolite biomarker profile, with potential implications for IIH pathogenesis. We established the therapeutic efficacy of weight loss in IIH (improving headaches, papilloedema and ICP) and provided evidence that the beneficial effects may relate to alterations in the glucocorticoid profile driving 11β-HSD1 and potentially, 5α reductase. These studies have started to address the important issues of causation and treatment in IIH and provide avenues for future research into this complex condition.

The de-industrialisation of the UK economy caused by globalised international markets, advancements in technology and production with changing consumer demands have made much of what was ‘traditional’ manufacturing redundant; this has led to industrial restructuring or even collapse, resulting in mass job redundancies. Market and industrial pressures have intensified since the late 1990s, culminating in the symbolic collapse of MG Rover in 2005 in addition to other key producers in the West Midlands, which represented the end of mass automotive production in the region (Donnelly et al. 2012). This came alongside various geographical, political and economic factors, including the restructuring of regional development agencies, prolonged industrial decline and a period of national economic recession, which presented challenges for any recovery. This thesis examines more precisely the closure of the commercial vehicle manufacturer LDV in 2009, once a part of the larger conglomerate British Leyland. The closure further reinforced the decline in UK automotive manufacturing until that point. The research involves the corporate collapse of LDV and the local government reaction to the closure and the following re-employment pathways of the redundant LDV workforce. The research continues the discussion of plant closures and the issues that redundant workers face when engaged in the labour market during economic recession. In particular, the thesis contribution employs a qualitative approach to examine the difficulties faced by the office tier, or ‘white collar’, workers who possess relatively high skills and who regarded as flexible and less vulnerable workers within the labour market. Yet this research exposes that highly skilled specialist workers are themselves also subject to unique issues when adjusting to the labour market. This topic is covered through the concept of worker trajectories: the research illustrates the unique employability issues and job precariousness that highly skilled workers can experience. The research concludes that the ability of highly skilled redundant workers to adapt effectively requires local job recovery strategies to implement short- and long-term policies with an emphasis on better job search and network development for individuals to sustain a resilient economy, and to mitigate the effects of plant closure upon redundant workers and maintain high skills within the region.

Arbetet kretsar kring tre huvudkategorier. Hållbarhet, designprocess och kriminalvård. Första delen innehåller informationssökning för att skapa en stabil grund till arbetet. Efterhand övertar ett parallellt arbete med de tre huvudkategorierna som till sist utmynnar i en produktionsfas där tillverkning på Industritextil Job sker för att ta fram en skiljevägg i skala 1:1. Stor vikt läggs vid att sätta sig in i vilka behov som bör lösas på anstalten. Resttextilier från Röda Korset hämtas och metod för hur textilierna bäst hanteras undersöks. En estetisk tilltalande design skapas genom färgkoordinering och urval av material tillsammans med framtagning av produktens formspråk. En del av arbetet har handlat om och testa idéer i full skala och tid har även ägnats åt att besöka företag i tillverkningsindustrin. / Program: Textildesignutbildningen