Thesis (Ed. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1996. / Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.(Augmentative and Alternative Communication))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (doctoral)--Göteborgs universitet, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [304]-322).

This study aimed to provide information about the quality of the evidence on reading fluency instruction for at-risk students and students with reading/learning disabilities as a way to evaluate whether an instructional strategy is evidence-based and has potential for classroom use. An extensive search process with inclusion and exclusion criteria yielded a total of 18 studies to be included in the present study: 12 group design studies and six single-subject design studies. The quality indicators proposed by Gersten et al. (Except Child 71:149–164, 2005) and Horner et al. (Except Child 71:165–179, 2005) were applied to evaluate the quality of selected fluency intervention studies. Results revealed that (a) most group design studies provided little information about the intervention and agent for the comparison group, (b) internal and social validity were not clearly stated in single-subject design studies, and (c) procedural fidelity in assessment and intervention implementation was inadequately addressed in both group design and single-subject design studies. Lack of methodological rigor, which hampers determinations of the effectiveness of fluency instruction, the current status of intervention studies, and future directions are discussed.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how teachers initiate their reading instruction for students in the early years and what method(s) they use and why. This has been investigated through a qualitative interview study in which five teachers participated. The result showed that all five participating teachers mix methods in their teaching to adapt the teaching and bring in as many students as possible. In addition, they all agreed that high-frequency letters, some vowels and some consonants, had to be initiated in order for students to start building small short words early. / Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur lärare inleder sin läsundervisning för elever i de tidiga åren och vilken/vilka metod(er) de då använder sig av och varför. Detta har undersökts genom en kvalitativ intervjustudie där fem lärare har deltagit. Resultatet visade att samtliga fem deltagande lärare blandar metoder i sin läsundervisning för att anpassa undervisningen och få med så många elever som möjligt. De var alla dessutom överens om att man måste inleda med högfrekventa bokstäver, några vokaler och några konsonanter, för att eleverna tidigt ska kunna börja bygga små korta ord.

This thesis examines the uses of Anglo-Saxon manuscripts in the 150 years immediately following the Norman Conquest. By focusing on the most common types of use evident in the manuscripts, it explores how readers actually interacted with books. It also treats manuscripts as cultural artefacts through which it is possible to observe the literary and social consequences of the Conquest. The Introduction summarises our current understanding of the literary culture of this transitional period. Chapter II, ‘Destruction and Conservation’, examines claims that Norman elites destroyed Anglo-Saxon manuscripts; finding these claims unjustified, it investigates the circumstances in which manuscripts were lost and identifies how readers evaluated the contents of pre-Conquest books. Chapter III, ‘The Movement of Pre-Conquest Manuscripts’, looks at the consequent loan, exchange and sale of pre-Conquest manuscripts after 1066. Chapter IV, ‘Updating Pre-Conquest Manuscripts’, discusses difficulties which Norman readers encountered with pre-Conquest books, including script, abbreviation, orthography and textual redaction, and examines how these technical features could be modernised. It also investigates more practical modernisations to liturgical books, chronicles and cartularies. Chapter V, ‘Glossing and Annotating’, concerns readers’ reactions to the texts found in pre-Conquest manuscripts, particularly vernacular homilies and translations. It argues that the post-Conquest classroom was essentially trilingual, though Latin became the lingua franca. Chapter VI, ‘Record-Keeping in Pre-Conquest Manuscripts’, explores the use of pre-Conquest manuscripts – copies of the gospels, liturgical books and patristic texts – as repositories for records. Chapter VII, ‘The Veneration of Pre-Conquest Manuscripts’, continues this exploration of the symbolic capital of pre-Conquest books by examining how Norman churchmen supported the veneration of particular manuscripts as secondary relics, and introduced new traditions regarding other books. The Conclusion refocuses the findings of this thesis on two key issues: early medieval reading practices and English literature between 1066 and 1200.

Thesis (D. Ed.)--University of Oregon, 2007. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. "This study was conducted during the fall of 2006 in 22 schools in the Pacific Northwest. Participants included 868 students from 59 fifth-grade classrooms"--P. v. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-120). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:56:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marialice Hoss Rocha.pdf: 4204254 bytes, checksum: b7eccdc0fce6732fd00b70489e4081f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-22 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Learning how to read and write in an alphabetical writing system requires understanding that it is composed by letters (graphemes) representing sounds (phonemes) and that, according to its combination rules, graphic signs form words representing the sounds of the speech. Previous studies show that written language performance is related to the developing of phonological consciousness. In that context, this study aimed at assessing the results of an empirical intervention by means of a set of written language activities focusing on phonological consciousness development. The research subject was a second term student group of a state fundamental school in the Grande São Paulo region (Brazil). The study was conducted throughout two phases, each of them divided into three steps: pre-testing, intervention, and post-testing. Written language and phonological consciousness tests were applied at the beginning and at the end of the interventions. Twenty three students participated in the first phase and five in the second; the later ones revealed lower written language performance during the phase 1. The results show that the intervention was effective and improved the written language learning process as well as the phonological consciousness development. These findings suggest that phonological abilities are developed simultaneously to the written language learning process / Para aprender ler e escrever num sistema de escrita alfabética é necessário compreender que este sistema de escrita é constituído de letras (grafemas) que representam sons (fonemas) e que, de acordo com suas regras de combinação, esses sinais gráficos formam palavras escritas que representam os sons da fala. Neste sentido, estudos anteriores demonstram que o desempenho em linguagem escrita está relacionado ao desenvolvimento de consciência fonológica. Foi objetivo da pesquisa verificar os resultados de uma intervenção, que consistiu em um conjunto de atividades de linguagem escrita com foco no desenvolvimento da consciência fonológica, em um grupo de crianças do 2º ano do Ensino Fundamental I de uma escola pública da Grande São Paulo. A pesquisa foi realizada em duas etapas, sendo que cada etapa teve três fases: pré-teste, intervenção e pós-teste. Foram aplicadas provas de linguagem escrita e consciência fonológica no início e ao final das intervenções, sendo que na Etapa 1 participaram 23 crianças e na Etapa 2 participaram cinco crianças que apresentaram menor desempenho em linguagem escrita ao final da Etapa 1. O resultado das provas e as análises estatísticas demonstram que a intervenção foi benéfica e que a mesma promoveu aprendizagem da linguagem escrita, bem como o desenvolvimento da consciência fonológica. Tais resultados sugerem que as habilidades fonológicas são desenvolvidas concomitantemente à aprendizagem da linguagem escrita

The starting point of this research is the question, may reading acquisition be more or less effective depending on the language in which it is perform? Two categories for classifying the languages have been developed. First the notion of linguistic family is employed to describe the languages from a cultural and historical perspective. Secondly, the notion of orthographic depth is used for differentiating the languages according to the correspondence between orthography and phonetic. These categories have been related to the databases PIRLS 2001 and 2006 (international assessments about reading developed by the IEA), the aim being to connect reading achievement to the language in which students answered the test. However, it is clear that the language is not an isolated factor, but part of a complex structure of determinants of reading. Therefore, factors related to students and schools have also been incorporated to this research. Moreover, the multidimensionality of the reading process has been taken into account by distinguishing in the analysis the different aspects that made the process according to PIRLS: informative reading, literary reading, process comprehension of high and low order. To answer to the questions proposed by this research a hierarchical statistical model (multilevel) was developed, it was able to account for the connection between reading achievement, language and other associated factors. As a result, contextual factors (home and school) were more significant than language. Moreover, determinacy may vary if taking into account educational systems.

In 2017, the Swedish government decided to implement digitalization in schools nationwide. The idea was that the school's digitalization would provide an opportunity to increase students' digital competence, knowledge development and equivalence. The iPad is a relatively new digital tool that is used in schools to a large extent. The purpose of the study is to investigate how teachers use the iPad in Swedish teaching to develop students' reading and writing skills in preschool. What advantages and disadvantages do they see with the iPad as a technical aid, and is there enough knowledge and research to evaluate the use of iPads in teaching?  The results of the study are based on a research and literature review linked to qualitative semi-structured interviews with teachers. The study shows that the iPad can contribute to students becoming more engaged and increase collaboration between students. The iPad can act as a motivation booster in reading and writing development which previous research confirms. It is important to use the iPad with an intended purpose, in order to gain a positive effect. In order to get the best possible effect it is important that schools map the use and ensure that teachers have adequate premises. / 2017 beslutade Sveriges regering att en nationell digitalisering skulle äga rum inom skolan. Målet med beslutet var att skolans digitalisering skulle ge möjlighet till att öka elevernas digitala kompetens, kunskapsutveckling och likvärdighet. Ipad är ett relativt nytt digitalt verktyg i skolverksamheten som generellt används i stor utsträckning. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur lärare använder sig av iPad i sin svenskundervisning för att utveckla elevers läs- och skrivutveckling inom årskurs F till 3. Vilka för- och nackdelar ser de med iPad som tekniskt hjälpmedel, och finns det tillräckligt med kunskap och forskning för att värdera användningen av iPad i undervisningen?  Studiens resultat grundar sig i en forsknings- och litteraturgenomgång kopplad till kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med aktiva lärare. Studien visar att iPad kan bidra till att eleverna blir mer engagerade och att samarbetet mellan eleverna ökar. IPad kan agera motivationshöjare inom läs-och skrivutvecklingen och detta belyser forskningen som en viktig faktor för elevernas utveckling inom ämnet. Det är viktigt att använda iPaden på rätt sätt med uttänkt syfte för att ge rätt positiv effekt. För att få bästa möjliga effekt inom skolorna är det viktigt att skolledningen kartlägger användandet och ger lärarna rätt förutsättningar.