Master's thesis elaborates a business plan of real estate agency. On bases of theoretical knowledge and facts found, the thesis presents a concept of establishment, economical evaluation and a feasibility of the project realization.

Diploma thesis deals with problems of new real estate agency when entering the market. The aim is to create a draft business plan for new real estate reality called Pernikové reality s.r.o., characterize the work of a real estate broker and describe the real estate market in which the real estate agency will work.

The thesis maps the decision-making practice of courts in real estate cases and related areas. Judicial decisions are organized in logical parts and there was an effort to provide an overall and comprehensive overview of the opinions held by courts on the individual legal questions arising in real estate cases and thus define the most frequent causes of the disputes and their subject-matters. Explicated in the light of the decisions rendered by the Supreme Court of the Czech Republic and the Supreme Administrative Court of the Czech Republic, or even the findings of the Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic, are judiciary’s attitudes to the basic principles of real estate agency and real estate activity in general, as well as to relating legal questions, with special regard to the contracts usually entered into in real estate practice, primarily agency contracts and mediated contracts. So far, case-law of this kind has not been comprehensively studied, despite the fact that there still are uncertainties regarding both the real estate legislation and the approach to resolution of real estate cases, as well as ensuing typical contractual obligational relations between parties on the real estate market. This is also the reason why this particular topic was chosen for the thesis. Based on the coverage and a thorough analysis of the judicial decisions at issue a conclusion is made that decision-making practice has already stabilized in some real estate areas and these decisions are used as basis in future cases. Nevertheless, there still are some legal questions which have not yet been tackled by courts or conflicting judicial decisions, which may even be rendered in the most essential and fundamental issues of real estate activity. This is partly due to the fact that the real estate market is still a relatively young business field and partly due to missing or inadequate legislation which is to provide for real estate activity, including real estate agency.

This thesis was created as a helping tool to estimate the price of properties by comparative method, which needs a database of properties. This database is created by a program. The main aim of this thesis is to create an application in Python language, which will search through contents of websites of a chosen real estate portal in Czech Republic. The next aim of this thesis is to create program which will search for real estate according to chosen criteria. The purpose of these criteria is to compare and estimate the price of properties. In the theoretical part of this thesis I will describe data mining and architecture of data mining. In the practical part I will design an aplication and in the end I will implement it. This aplication will go through websites and obtain data about real estate offices, their advertisements and photos of advertisements. For easier work with the output file that contains the advertisements, I created an application for searching individual advertisements based on users specification. This program allows to quickly search for the requested data from the output file. These data are subject to further work, it is possible to analyse them and create interesting statistics and maps.

This thesis addresses the exception regarding lawyers in the Swedish fastighetsmäklarlagens §5 and aims to understand the background and meaning of the exception. Further the thesis addresses whether the main purpose of the estate agents act, the protection of consumers, is satisfying when a lawyer is practicing real estate agency. The study is based on the Swedish fastighetsmäklarlagen and aims to investigate the application of the act on both real estate agents and lawyers as they convey real estate. In order to clarify and understand the application of the law and to receive a view of the specific characteristics of each occupation, the occupational roles are investigated in detail and compared. The act distinguishes between conveying real estate professionally and conveying on single occasions. The demarcation of the concept determines whether the person conveying real estate is obliged to follow fastighetsmäklarlagen or not. A lawyer that is professionally conveying real estate should, according to Sveriges Advokatsamfund, practice the intermediary within the lawyer’s activity. Since professional ethics in practicing real estate agency and practicing law is incompatible the lawyer is obliged to make an assessment of what is professional intermediary within and outside the lawyer’s activities. The study points out that the boundary should be clarified in order for the lawyer to facilitate the assessment. The exception in the Swedish fastighetsmäklarlagen is important if a lawyer is professionally conveying real estate within the lawyer’s activity, but if the intermediary is solely within the lawyer’s general activity the exception has no function. A lawyer is suitable to pursue only those activities that are included within the scope of legal services, including intermediary corresponding to advocacy and not professional intermediary. For those situations that can be listed as professional intermediary, a real estate agent should be hired. Consideration whether the §5 should be changed or removed is required. / Uppsatsen behandlar undantaget avseende advokater i fastighetsmäklarlagens 5 § och syftar på att förstå undantagets bakgrund och innebörd. Vidare behandlar uppsatsen huruvida fastighetsmäklarlagens huvudsakliga syfte, konsumentskyddet, tillgodoses då en advokat utövar fastighetsförmedling. Studien utgår från fastighetsmäklarlagen och utreder lagens tillämpning på respektive yrkesroll, fastighetsmäklaren och advokaten, vid förmedling av fastigheter. För att få klarhet i och förstå tillämpningen av lagen utreds yrkesrollerna ingående samt jämförs för att ge en inblick i yrkesspecifika egenskaper. Lagen skiljer på den som yrkesmässigt förmedlar och den som enbart förmedlar vid något enstaka tillfälle. Gränsdragning avseende förmedlingsbegreppet avgör huruvida den som utövar förmedlingen har skyldighet att följa fastighetsmäklarlagen eller inte. En advokat som yrkesmässigt förmedlar fastigheter ska, enligt Sveriges advokatsamfund, utöva förmedlingen inom ramen för advokatens verksamhet. Då god fastighetsmäklarsed och god advokatsed är oförenliga medför det att advokaten själv måste göra en bedömning av vad som är yrkesmässig förmedling inom och utom ramen för advokatens verksamhet. I studien menas att gränsdragningen bör tydliggöras för att underlätta advokatens bedömning. Undantaget i fastighetsmäklarlagen kan ha betydelse om advokaten yrkesmässigt förmedlar inom ramen för sin verksamhet, men fyller ingen funktion i de fall då advokaten enbart förmedlar inom ramen för advokatens generella verksamhet. Advokaten är lämplig att ägna sig åt enbart sådan verksamhet som ingår inom ramen för advokatverksamhet, däribland förmedling som motsvarar advokatverksamhet och inte yrkesmässig förmedling. I de förmedlingsfall som kan räknas till yrkesmässig förmedlingsverksamhet bör istället en fastighetsmäklare anlitas. Det bör övervägas om 5 § ska förändras och undantaget avlägsnas

I skrivande stund föreligger viss oklarhet vad gäller fastighetmäklarlagens (2011:666) tillämpningsområde. I ett avgörande från Svea hovrätt[1] har problematiken kring huruvida fastighetsmäklarlagens bestämmelser är tillämpliga på kommersiella fastighetsförmedlingar konkretiserats. Frågeställningen har varit föremål för diskussion i motiven till fastighetsmäklarlagen, och efter hovrättens avgörande gett upphov till livlig debatt. Lagutskottet har i förarbetena till lagen framhållit att det inte kan betraktas såsom rimligt att man, i samband med en fastighetsförmedling vid en inkråmsaffär, ska vara tvungen att anlita både en företags- och en fastighetsmäklare eller att valet av överlåtelseform[2] ska tillmätas någon betydelse. Regeringen var av samma åsikt som Lagutskottet, men påpekade att det i praktiken ändå oftast anlitas advokater vid förmedlingar av denna typ. Någon särreglering av kommersiell fastighetsförmedling var därför inte på tal, enligt regeringen. Hovrätten valde i domskälen till förevarande mål att tillmäta det “värdejämförandebedömningskriterium”, vilket återfinns i förarbetena till fastighetsmäklarlagen, betydelse. Detta kriterium har av två förespråkare från Mäklarsamfundet kritiserats och domen är, enligt dem, att anse såsom “rättpolitiskt olämplig”. Vi har i analysen intagit ståndpunkten att domen inte är självklar, men att den går att anse som korrekt, vilket även en i uppsatsen omnämnd doktorand i mäklarrätt ansett, ur ett rättskälleperspektiv. Genomgående har vi eftersträvat att, i uppsatsen, utreda vilket tillämpningsområde fastighetsmäklarlagen har. Beroende på målets utgång i Högsta domstolen, vilket förväntas komma tidigast under sommaren 2015, kan det komma att stå klart huruvida en jurist är behörig att förmedla inkråm med tillhörande fastighet. Rättsläget är tillsvidare oklart med anledning av de i analysen, enligt oss, möjliga tolkningsförfaranden, vilka finns att tillgå vid fastställandet av gällande rätt. För att bemöta problematiken på detta område har vi resonerat kring vilken utformning lagen bör ha, för att i framtiden tillvarata de intressen som är i behov av en lagreglering. Sammantaget har vi, trots allt, ansett en avreglering av kommersiell fastighetsförmedling såsom bäst lämpad.   [1]Mål nr B 4377-14. [2]Härvid åsyftas andels- eller inkråmsaffär. / At the time of writing there is some ambiguity in terms of the Estate Agents Act´s (SFS 2011:666) scope. In a ruling by the Svea Court of Appeal[1] the problem of whether the real estate brokerage Act's provisions apply to commercial real estate agencies has materialized. The issue has been discussed in the preamble to the Estate Agents Act, and raised to a lively debate after the decision in the Court of Appeal. Committee on Civil Law has stated in the legislative history of the Act that it can not be regarded as reasonable that one, in an asset deal, is forced to hire both a business and a real estate agent or that the choice of the transfer form, share or asset deal, will attract some importance. The Government was of the same opinion as the Committee on Civil Law, but pointed out that in practice lawyers in offices, of this type, are often hired. No special regulation of commercial real estate was deemed necessary according to the Government. In the foundations of the decisions of the present case, the Court of Appeal decided to measure the "dividing line criterium” importance. The criterium is found in the legislative history of the Estate Agents Act and has been criticized by two proponents from the Association of Swedish Real Estate Agents. The judgment is according to the proponents considered as "inappropriate according to a legal source perspective". In the analysis we have taken the standpoint, that the judgment is not obvious but that it can be regarded as correct. A standpoint also shared with a graduate student in brokerage right, mentioned below.  Throughout this essay we have endeavored to explore which scope the Estate Agents Act has. Depending on the outcome of the case in the Supreme Court, which is expected at the earliest in summer 2015, it may come to be clear whether a lawyer is authorized to convey property associated with assets. The legal position is also, according to us, unclear because of the in the analysis possible interpretation procedures, which are available in the determination of the applicable law. In order to address the problems in this area we have discussed which design the Estate Agents Act should have, in order to ensure the interests which in the future are in need of legal regulation. After all we have considered the deregulation to be the best suited. [1]Objective no. B 4377-14.

Diploma thesis discusses the work of management and selection of new colleagues in the real estate market. The objective of diploma thesis is to comprare if management work and selection of new colleagues is corresponding with specializaded literature. The theoretical part deals with basic concepts from the area of management, selection new employees and real estate market. Over the three different studies (questionaries, personal interwiev and work experiens) in the practical part, I made the colletion of date, analysis and evaluation. At the end of the work, I made assessment theoretical and practical part, my self recommendation and conclusions of the diploma thesis. Including diploma thesis is manual for collection of new staff in real estate market.

This master´s thesis is focused on an evaluation of a real estate market in light of „ethics in real estate activities.“ I mention ways of ethical principles and rules implementing especially in estate agencies and professional associations. Furthermore I mention ways of correction pretending in case of an irregularity. It happens quite often in reality that there are events whose solutions are still not regulatedby law so there is no statutory dutyto adhere to them. That´s why ethics codes are not mandatory for estate agencies, because they have no legal dependence in a contractual agreement between a client and a real estate agency or in a legal framework – a law of the Czech republic. I outline basic test cases – problems which can arise in this area, write up main advantages and disadvantages of the existing regulations within the frame of the Czech republic.

Работа посвящена сравнительному исследованию продвижения в социальной сети с помощью SMM-маркетинга на русском и английском языках на примере бизнес-аккаунтов отечественного и зарубежного агентств недвижимости. Объектом исследования выступают особенности продвижения бизнес-профилей в социальной сети с помощью SMM-маркетинга, предметом – использование инструментов SMM-маркетинга в продвижении агентств недвижимости в социальной сети. Цель исследования: обосновать и исследовать эффективность применения инструментов SMM-маркетинга в продвижении агентств недвижимости с помощью проекта онлайн-анкеты. Материал исследования составили англоязычные и русскоязычные медиа-тексты, опубликованные на страницах агентств недвижимости в социальных сетях за 2020–2022 гг. Корпус проанализированного материала составляет 60 медиа-текстов на русском языке и 60 медиа-текстов на английском языке. В первой части работы раскрывается понятие, сущность и основные инструменты SMM-маркетинга. Кроме того, рассматриваются особенности маркетинговой лингвистики и изучаются механизмы ее функционирования в продвижении бизнес-профилей в социальных сетях. Во второй части исследования проводится обзор агентств недвижимости и сравнительный анализ языковых стратегий и тактик, используемых в контенте их социальной сети, на основе разработанной нами классификации. В данной части работы также представлена классификация стратегий и тактик в продвижении агентств недвижимости в социальной сети. В третьей главе в соответствии с проектом онлайн-анкеты проводится опрос целевой аудитории агентств недвижимости, анализируются и интерпретируются полученные результаты. Даются рекомендации по использованию эффективных SMM-инструментов в продвижении агентств недвижимости в социальной сети. Результаты проведенного нами сравнительного анализа медиа-контента агентств недвижимости, а также организации проекта онлайн-анкеты для определения эффективности продвижения в социальных сетях могут быть использованы в ходе маркетингового анализа и продвижения других компаний в социальных сетях. В приложениях приводится корпус проанализированных медиа-текстов и проекты онлайн-анкет на русском и английском языках. / The work is devoted to a comparative study of social network promotion using SMM in the Russian and English languages on the example of business accounts of domestic and foreign real estate agencies. The target of the study is the features of promoting business profiles in a social network using SMM; the scope is the use of SMM tools in promoting real estate agencies in a social network. The purpose of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of the use of SMM tools in the real estate agencies promotion through the online questionnaire project. The research material was composed of the English and Russian media texts published on the real estate agencies accounts of social networks. The corpus of the analyzed material is 60 media texts in Russian and 60 media texts in English. The first part of the research reveals the concept, essence and main tools of SMM. In addition, the features of marketing linguistics are considered and its functioning in the promotion of business accounts in social networks are studied. The second part of the study provides an overview of real estate agencies and a comparative analysis of the language strategies and tactics used in the content of their social network, based on the classification we created. This part of the research also presents the classification of strategies and tactics in the real estate agencies promotion in social networks. In the third part a survey of the target audience of real estate agencies is conducted with the use of the online questionnaire, and the results are analyzed and interpreted. Recommendations on the use of effective SMM tools in the real estate agencies promotion in a social network are given. The results of the comparative analysis of real estate agencies media content, as well as the online questionnaire project to determine the effectiveness of promotion in social networks, can be used in marketing analysis and promotion of other companies in social networks. The appendices contain a corpus of analyzed media texts and online questionnaires in Russian and English.

This dissertation thesis deals with questions connected with creating concept of real-estate agency web portal. Theoretical part including first two main parts of the thesis examines basic definitions and main principles of Internet -- history, services, concepts of Internet, which has to be mentioned to create present metodology based on actual pieces of knowledge. Thesis continues with defining term "web portal" in relationship with real-estate market. Theoretical part is supplemented with practical examples for better understanding. Practical part analyzes real-estate market from the view of utilization of Internet services. Selected web pages are evaluated from different aspects. Main goal of this thesis is to define universal methodology for real-estate agency portal concept.