This study follows the theoretical les of Deutsch and Gerrard¡¦s dual-process theory to determine the informational and normative factors that influence credibility judgments of on-line consumer recommendation by readers. In addition, this study also discusses how impulse traits and disposition of Trust play as a moderator on the influence of Electronic Word-of-Mouth on sender¡¦s WOM on the receiver¡¦s purchase decision. This study¡¦s main purpose as follows: ¤@¡B How world informational and normative determinants affect a user¡¦s credibility evaluation of on- line consumer recommendations? ¤G¡B How would this perceived credibility of eWOM influence its sender¡¦s WOM on the receiver¡¦s purchase decision? ¤T¡B Receiver of consumer recommendations¡¦ impulse traits and disposition of trust whether influence the relationship between perceived credibility of eWOM and sender¡¦s WOM on the receiver¡¦s purchase decision. This study has some finding as following: ¤@¡B Informational determinant-argument strength, confirmation with receiver¡¦s prior belief, expertise - significantly influenced perceived eWOM credibility. ¤G¡B normative determinant- - significantly influenced perceived eWOM credibility ¤T¡B perceived eWOM credibility significantly influenced sender¡¦s WOM on the receiver¡¦s purchase decision. ¥|¡B impulse traits and disposition of Trust could strengthen the relationship between perceived credibility of eWOM and sender¡¦s WOM on the receiver¡¦s purchase decision.

<p>Background and purpose</p><p>In Sweden private savings in stocks has experienced a large increase and in year 2006 there were 6.7 million people, or 77 per cent of the population owning stocks. A recent study shows that more than every other Swede has deficient knowledge in trading with stocks. Since small private investors often do not know how to gather and interpret information they must utilize investment advices. The large increase in private savings in stocks, the lack of investment knowledge together with the large increase in Internet usage has resulted in investment advice seeking on the Internet. One of the largest sources of investment advices on the Internet in Sweden today is Avanza.se. The purpose with our thesis is to describe and analyze if, after a buy recommendation issued at Avanza’s website, the effects with respect to abnormal return and market efficiency differ significantly depending on a company’s capitalization value.</p><p>Method</p><p>We have used a quantitative approach to fulfill our purpose. The secondary data required to do so was gathered from the OMX-Group’s website, where historical prices and Index information was collected, and from the online broker Avanza’s website where the buy recommendations were compiled. In order to conduct statistical tests and calculations we have used the statistical software SPSS.</p><p>Frame of Reference</p><p>The theories we made use of mainly treated market efficiency and abnormal return.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>We have seen that the recommendations’ effect concerning abnormal return differ signifi-cantly depending on capitalization value, where the effect on companies with smaller capitalization values are larger. We have also found tendencies of market inefficiency at the semi strong level for stocks with smaller capitalization value.</p>

<p>Because of increasing environmental demands, especially on dealing with products end of life phase, product manufacturers and designers must consider the future disposal of their products. For conventional materials like steel and aluminium well-functioning recycling methods exists. This is not the case for structures of polymer composites, which are used more extensively, especially for structures like vehicles and vessels. Several techniques do exist but they are not yet commercially available. The current disposal methods of polymer composites are landfill and incineration.</p><p>Polymer composites are materials, which consist of several materials like fibre, matrix, and additives. In the form of sandwich constructions also foam core material is added. This circumstance complicates the waste treatment of composite materials. In this thesis a model for assessing possible future waste treatment techniques for polymer composites including sandwich structures is presented. The model is meant to be used as an aid for preparing future disposal for end of life products for planning waste treatment and for facilitating communication in contacts with waste receivers.</p><p>Recommendations for waste treatment have been formed for a number of polymer composites. These recommendations are based on the analysis of costs and environmental effects and they compare different scenarios for mechanical material recycling and energy recovery by waste incineration. The result of this study points out material recycling as the preferable method for the main part of the studied materials. But this recommendation is strongly dependent on type of virgin material replaced by the recycled material. Energy recovery can also be considered if the polymer composite waste replaces coal, which is non renewable. Though incineration will always result in a cost for the waste producer.</p><p>In the recommendations mentioned above no information concerning implementation of the different waste disposal techniques is included. Therefore, in this study a model for assessing possible waste disposal techniques for polymer composites is presented. The model is based on internal factors, which are related to the waste and to the processes. To implement the model relevant waste properties must be identified in order to fulfil the conditions set by the required processes involved.</p><p>A case study was carried out using the proposed model for assessing different waste disposal techniques for the hull of the Visby Class Corvette in the Royal Swedish Navy. Six different techniques were studied for the hull structure. Since almost all the important waste properties were known and the waste was assessed to be treatable all the included techniques except one are shown to be usable in the future.</p><p>Many investigations have pointed out material recycling as the best alternative considering environmental effects. This is also valid for polymer composite materials. Since recycling polymer composites is a complicated process, especially recycling thermoset composite it is important to aquire comprehensive information about the constituents of these materials.</p>

Salmon aquaculture can be a potential solution to bridge the gap between declining capture fisheries and increasing seafood demand. However, the environmental impacts it creates have generated criticism. The overall objectives of this dissertation are to examine the economic consequences of environmental issues associated with salmon aquaculture, and to explore policy implications and recommendations for reducing environmental impacts. These objectives are addressed in five main analyses. The growth of salmon aquaculture is analyzed based on farmed salmon production in the four leading producing countries and the sector as a whole. Analyses indicate that salmon aquaculture is unlikely to continue to grow at its current pace. A joint production function approach is used to estimate pollution abatement costs for the salmon aquaculture industry. Results reveal that pollution abatement costs vary among observations and models. On average, pollution abatement cost is estimated at 3.5% in terms of total farmed salmon production, and 6.5% in terms of total revenue of farmed salmon. The ecological and economic impacts of sea lice from salmon farms on wild salmon population and fisheries are also studied. Analyses suggest that these effects are minor when the sea lice induced mortality rate is below 20%, while they can be severe if the mortality is greater than 30%. Sea lice have greater ecological and economic impacts on pink salmon than on chum salmon. These effects are greater under a fixed exploitation rate than under a target escapement policy. The economic performance of open netcage and sea-bag production systems for salmon aquaculture is compared. Netcage systems appear to be more economically profitable than sea-bag systems when environmental costs are either not or only partially included. Sea-bag systems can be financially profitable only when the salmon they produce can achieve a price premium. Finally, policy implications are explored and recommendations are made for sustaining salmon aquaculture in a holistic manner based on the results from previous chapters. Technologies, economic-based instruments and more stringent environmental policies can be employed to reduce environmental impacts. However, there is no single solution to solve these environmental impacts, and a combination of policy options is needed.

Många konsumenter är idag mycket hälsomedvetna och önskar att äta en hälsosam kost, men möter i sin vardag ett flertal problem. Livsmedelsval kan handla om ställningstaganden och identitet, prismedvetenhet och miljömedvetenhet. Många faktorer påverkar synen på vad som är en hälsosam kost. Livsmedelsvalet blir därför ett komplext vardagsproblem för konsumenten. Det påverkas i viss mån av begrepp från den mediala debatten kring livsmedel, kost och hälsa. Syftet med den här studien var att undersöka vad ett urval av konsumenter äter och vad de anser att de borde äta. Ett ytterligare delsyfte var att studera vad en hälsosam kost kan vara enligt respondenterna i studien. Detta gjordes genom sex semi-strukturerade intervjuer och ett livsmedelsfrekvensformulär på webben med fyrahundra respondenter. Det fanns skillnader mellan respondenternas uppskattade konsumtion av olika livsmedel och deras uppfattningar om hur ofta dessa livsmedel bör ingå i en hälsosam kost. Respondenternas uppfattning om hur den hälsosamma kosten ska se ut samstämmer till stor grad med Livsmedelsverkets näringsrekommendationer från 2004 samt förslaget till Nordiska Näringsrekommendationer från juni 2012. Män och kvinnors uppfattningar om hur ofta livsmedel passar in i den hälsosamma kosten skiljde sig åt. Mäns bild av hälsosam kost inkluderar i högre grad livsmedel som exempelvis korv och processat kött, godis och snacks, medan kvinnors bild oftare  inkluderar frukt, bär och grönsaker. Respondenten var överlag välinformerad och visste hur en hälsosam kost bör komponeras enligt nuvarande riktlinjer. / Most consumers today are very health conscious and wish to eat a healthy diet, but they are faced with several problems in their everyday lives. Food and product choices can be about taking a stance and showing your identity, whether that is as a price conscious or environmentally conscious customer. As such many factors are in play when the consumer decides what a healthy diet is. The choice of diet and food thus becomes a complex everyday challenge. This is influenced by the debate around food and health in what is termed the mass media. The purpose of the study was to show how a sample of Swedish consumers percieve a healthy diet, the relation of said perception to comming nutrition reccommendations and the consumers’ views of diet and health. The study used semi-structured interviews as well as a web-based food frequency questionnaire with fourhundred respondents. Interviews centered on concepts of healthy diet and unhealthy diet, as well as the meaning of words frequently used in the debate around diet and health in mass media. The consumer’s view of a healthy diet mainly coincides with Swedish Nutritional Recommendations from 2004 and the proposal for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations from June, 2012. There are differences in the opinions of male and female subjects between self-estimated food consumption, the view of what a healthy diet should look like and on how often the defined food items should be consumed. A higher frequency of consumption of food items that the proposal for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations have recommended be reduced, such as sausages, snacks and sweets was more acceptable to men than to women. Women’s perception of a healthy diet included a higher frequency of consumption of food items that the proposal for the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations have recommended be increased, such as fruits, berries and vegetables. Over all, the subjects were well informed and knowledgeable about what constitutes a healthy diet.

Išanalizuoti valdymo objektus, atskleisti VŠĮ "Veržlusis Nevežis" valdymo veiksnius darančius įtaka rezultatams, apibendrinti krepšinio klubo valdymą. / Sports club, management, improving.

Magistro darbe tiriami Šiaulių miškų urėdijos kertinių miško buveinių būklės pokyčiai 2004 – 2011 m. Darbo objektas – Šiaulių miškų urėdijos kertinės miško buveinės. Darbo tikslas – nustatyti KMB būklės pokyčius ir pateikti jų apsaugos ir tvarkymo rekomendacijas VĮ Šiaulių miškų urėdijos miškuose. Darbo metodai – literatūros loginė analizė, inventorizacijos duomenų analizė, palyginimas ir vertinimas. Darbo rezultatai. Šiaulių miškų udėdijos kertinėse miško buveinėse nustatytas ryškus spacializuotųjų ir indikatorinių rūšių pokytis: specializuotųjų kerpių ir indikatorinių samanų rūšių aptikimo atvejų padaugėjo – atitinkamai 20,0 ir 10,6 proc., tačiau ženkliai sumažėjo specializuotųjų grybų (43,1 proc.), indikatorinių induočių (44,4 proc.), moliuskų (50,0 proc.) ir vabalų rūšių (50,0 proc.) aptikimo atvejų. Šiaulių miškų urėdijos (P)KMB skaičius ir plotas 2011 m., palyginti su 2004 m., išliko beveik nepakitęs. Labiausiai sumažėjo medžių milžinų grupių (P)KMB tipas (20 vnt.). Kertinių kraštovaizdžio (33,1 proc.) ir biologinių elementų pokytis (71,4 proc.) buvo teigiamas. Šiaulių miškų urėdijoje 27,2 proc. (P) KMB siūloma nevykdyti jokių ūkinių priemonių. Kitais atvejais siūloma šviesinti apie pavienius medžius (224 kartai), kirsti pomiškį (28 kartai), kirsti traką (25 kartai), nešalinti medienos ir sausuolių (11 kartų), taikyti apsaugos zoną (4 kartai), išsaugoti stambius lizdus (2 kartai). / The master thesis analyses the changes of woodland's habitats condition of Siauliai Forestry Enterprise during the period of 2004–2011. The object of master thesis – woodland's habitats. The aim of master thesis – to ascertain the changes of woodland's habitats condition and give the recommendations of their protection and management in the forests of Siauliai State Forestry Enterprise. The methods of master thesis – logical analysis of literature, inventory data analysis, comparison and evaluation. The results of master thesis. The conspicuous change in specialized and indicator species of Siauliai Forestry Enterprise woodland's habitats has been ascertained. Despite the fact that the cases of specialized lichens and indicator moss have increased respectively 20.0 percent and 10.6 percent, there has been determined a significant decrease in detection of cases of specialized fungus (43.1 percent), vascular indicator plants (44.4 percent), mollusks (50.0 percent) and beetle species (50.0 percent). The number and the area of Siauliai Forestry Enterprise potential woodland's habitats, comparing 2011 year and 2004 year, have remained practically stable (decreased by one woodland habitat or 0.7 ha). Mostly decreased the type of potential woodland's habitat of giant trees groups (20 units) in Siauliai Forestry Enterprise. The change in woodlands' landscape (33.1 percent) and biological elements (71.4 percent) were positive. 27.2 percent of woodland's habitats in Siauliai Forestry... [to full text]

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Baigiamajame magistro darbe aptariamos bendros aviacijos avarijų ir incidentų tyrimo metodikos, jų pritaikymo būdai, privalumai ir trūkumai. Taip pat išnagrinėjamas avarijų ir incidentų ryšys, bendrosios aviacijos įtaka aviacijos rinkoje bei jai būdingi bruožai. Plačiau aptariamas žmogiškasis faktorius bei su juo susiję naujausi tyrimo metodai. Pristatoma Lietuvos bendroji aviacija, jos aktyvumo ir avaringumo lygis nuo 2000–2010 metų. Detaliau išnagrinėjamos su ja susijusios avarijos ir pavojingi incidentai. Pateikiama išsami jų analizė, taikant įvairius tyrimo metodus. Taip pat gauti duomenys lyginami su Lietuvos komercine aviacija bei JAV, Europos, Vokietijos ir Australijos duomenimis. Galiausiai apibendrinami gauti rezultatai ir atsižvelgiant į juos pateikiamos rekomendacijos Lietuvos avaringumui mažinti. Darbą sudaro 7 dalys: įvadas, teorinė dalis, metodologinė dalis, tiriamoji dalis, išvados ir siūlymai, literatūros sąrašas bei priedai. Darbo apimtis – 81 p. teksto be priedų, 45 iliustr., 4 lent., 38 bibliografiniai šaltiniai. Atskirai pridedami darbo priedai. / This final paper of master studies discusses the methodologies of analyzing aviation accidents and incidents, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the ways of applying these methodologies. Additionally, the link between aviation accidents and incidents is discussed as well as the general aviation, its characteristics and influence on entire aviation industry. Furthermore, the human factor and the most current methodologies of analyzing it are introduced. This paper also presents Lithuania general aviation, its activity and safety level from 2000 to 2010. By applying various methodology and approaches, the more detailed analysis is given to the accidents and incidents, which are related to aforementioned safety level. The attained data is compared with the statistics of Lithuania commercial aviation, USA, Europe, Germany and Australia. Finally, the obtained results are summarized, and taking them into consideration, recommendations of the ways to reduce the number of accidents and incidents in Lithuania are formulated. The paper consists of 7 pieces: introduction, theoretical piece, methodological piece, practical piece, summary and recommendations, references and annexes. The paper size – 81 p. of text without docket, 45 figures, 4 tables, 38 references. Docket are included separately.

I dagsläget har sociala medier fått en större roll i rekryteringsprocessen. Genom en induktiv ansats fokuserade denna forskning på att urskilja vilken roll sociala medier spelar då arbetsgivare bakgrundsgranskar arbetssökande. Undersökningen inriktade sig mot vad arbetsgivare tittade på samt i vilken utsträckning de lät sig påverkas av informationen i sina beslutsfattanden. Totalt intervjuades åtta personer inom personalyrket. I resultatet lyftes bland annat ett etiskt perspektiv med olika dilemman så som generationsskillnader och människosyn samt egen kritisk förmåga. Det visade sig att skillnaderna var stora i både tillvägagångssätt och värderingen av information tillgänglig online. De flesta informanterna uttryckte att de ville stämma överens informationen med vad som framkom via ansökan och intervjuer.Många uttryckte även att de samlade frågor inför en intervju, med hjälp av sociala medier.Informanterna uppvisade en stor medvetenhet gällande både den källkritiska och självkritiska förmågan. Med vissa undantag då exempelvis nyfikenheten tog över och underminerade den kompetensbaserade rekryteringen. Informanterna uttryckte att rekryteringsprocessen är underständig utveckling. Sociala medier kunde enligt informanterna ses som ett komplement till denna komplexa process men värderades inte lika högt som mötet med den arbetssökande.Den kritik som riktas mot sociala medier som verktyg kunde i slutänden istället riktas mot användaren av verktyget, det vill säga rekryteraren.