Na Capa, Folha de Rosto e Ficha Catalogr?fica da obra constam o t?tulo: "Filtro de areia para o manejo da ?gua de chuva". / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-06-15T18:51:48Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) marco_antonio_oliveira.pdf: 5190699 bytes, checksum: edae8a04f3a512075df7923ed8c2c65b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-07-18T11:28:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) marco_antonio_oliveira.pdf: 5190699 bytes, checksum: edae8a04f3a512075df7923ed8c2c65b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-18T11:28:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) marco_antonio_oliveira.pdf: 5190699 bytes, checksum: edae8a04f3a512075df7923ed8c2c65b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Funda??o Diamantinense de Apoio ao Ensino, Pesquisa e Extens?o (FUNDAEPE) / No cen?rio atual de acentua??o da car?ncia de recursos naturais em grandes e pequenos centros urbanos, a problem?tica do abastecimento de ?gua pot?vel ? uma quest?o central para a sa?de das popula??es, dada a variedade de doen?as veiculadas pela ?gua, especialmente para consumo humano. Cerca de 30% do consumo humano pode ser efetuado com ?gua de chuva, dado muito importante tendo em vista a escassez do recurso. Em tempos de mudan?as clim?ticas (estiagens prolongadas, cargas de chuvas concentradas, etc.) a retomada de conhecimentos ligados ao aproveitamento da ?gua de chuva ? de interesse para a popula??o urbana e rural. A procura por caminhos de aperfei?oamento das t?cnicas de uso sustent?vel de recursos naturais ? a meta deste trabalho, enfocando a recolha da ?gua de chuva como estrat?gia poss?vel e re-emergente para os tempos atuais. S?o objetivos espec?ficos da pesquisa: avaliar a qualidade da ?gua de chuva em Diamantina (MG) e desenhar filtros naturais que viabilizem o uso n?o pot?vel de forma segura. Como a falta de tratamento da ?gua est? relacionada diretamente com a transmiss?o de doen?as, ? evidente a import?ncia do trabalho quanto aos aspectos de sa?de ambiental e ao atendimento da linha de pesquisa ?Tecnologia e vigil?ncia em sa?de? do Mestrado Interdisciplinar SaSA e do Laborat?rio de Constru??es Sustent?veis no LIPEMVALE (UFVJM). Foram desenvolvidos prot?tipos de filtros compostos de areia, carv?o e pedra, caracterizados pelo uso de mateiriais de f?cil obten??o, para a purifica??o da ?gua de chuva recolhida em telhados de cer?mica. As amostras foram coletadas de Janeiro a Maio de 2017, sendo avaliados par?metros f?sico qu?micos (condutividade, cor aparente, pH, turbidez e salinidade) e microbiol?gicos (coliformes totais e Escherichia coli) antes e depois de passarem pelo processo de filtra??o. A ?gua de chuva apresentou valores compat?veis com usos n?o pot?veis. O filtro alterou positivamente a qualidade da ?gua de chuva da classe 4 para a classe 3, conforme a resolu??o CONAMA 357/2005. O aproveitamento da ?gua de chuva foi considerado tecnologia social devido ao baixo custo e replicabilidade, sendo indicado para usos n?o pot?veis. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Sa?de, Sociedade e Ambiente, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / In the current scenario of accentuation of the lack of natural resources in large and small urban centers, the problem of the supply of drinking water is a central issue for the health of populations, given the variety of diseases transmitted through water, especially for human consumption. About of 30% of human consumption can be made with rainwater, a very important factor given the scarcity of the resource. In times of climate changes (prolonged drougths, loads of concentred rain, etc), the resumption of knowledge related to the use of rainwater is of interest to the urban and rural population. The search for ways to improve the techniques of sustainable use of natural resources is the goal of this paper, focusing the collecting rainwater as a re-emergent strategy for current times. The specific objectives of the research are: to evaluate the quality of rainwater in Diamantina (Minas Gerais, Brazil) and to design natural filters that enable non-potable use in a safe way. As the lack of water treatment is directly related to the transmission of diseases, it is evident the importance of the work on the aspects of environmental health and the attendance of the research line 'Technology and health surveyllance' of the Interdisciplinary Master SaSA and the Laboratory of Sustainable Buildings in LIPEMVALE (UFVJM). Prototypes of sand, charcoal and stone composite filters were developed characterized by the use of readly available matrices for the purification of rain water collected on ceramic roofs. The samples were collected from January to May of 2017, and evaluated physical chemical parameters (conductivity, apparent color, pH, turbidity and salinity) and microbiological parameters (total coliforms, and Escherichia coli) were evaluated before and after of filtration process. Rainwater presented values compatible with non-potable uses. The filter positively changed the rainwater quality from class 4 to class 3, according CONAMA resolution 357/2005. The use of rainwater was considered social technology due to the low cost and replicability.

Submitted by Leticia Schettini (leticia@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-06T11:57:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007 - Rafael Silva Barboza.pdf: 2062893 bytes, checksum: c7d9166e3fe66028a7acdadb02fed002 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-06T11:57:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007 - Rafael Silva Barboza.pdf: 2062893 bytes, checksum: c7d9166e3fe66028a7acdadb02fed002 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-27 / Instituto Terra de Prote??o Ambiental, ITPA, Brasil. / The air basin is a three-dimensional space that conduct and distribute the winds over the drainage basin. In Rio de Janeiro?s state, 48% of the territory is constituted by Atlantic slope, where were registered 16 air basins with specific environmental features, distributed in 20% of the area. Based on the conformation of morphometrics parameters the air basins were grouped, by Multivariate Analysis - Cluster, with Euclidean distance of 48%, significance level of 95% and correlation coefficient of 0.7132, in 5 groups with similar forms. To evaluate the hydrologic effects within the air basins, it was used as a study case, the air basin of Angra dos Reis, where the magnitude of the interception of clouds was measured in the escape zone from the topographic divide of the Pirai river basin (leeward), in different distance away, with and without natural barriers, during the winter and summer. It was used vertical intercept sampling area equivalent to 0.45% of the forests in the region. The variation of the removal of the topographic divide occurred until 500 m of altitude, this limit may be the end of the escape zone and the beginning of the air basin distribution zone. The effect of air basin represented additional of 44% of the volume of rain in topographic divide (point 1), 39% at 4.5 km (point 2) and 42% at 7.5 km (point 3) of the point 1, in concordant direction of the flow. The effect of the orography in the trajectory of the winds, varied in an irregular way in winter and in summer, maintaining differential of 23% and 77% in point A (obstruction of 85% of the cross section) and 32% and 68% in point B (obstruction of 80% of the cross section). In areas under the influence of air basins, the variables and environmental processes can be crucial to offer environmental services in drainage basins. / A Bacia A?rea ? um espa?o tridimensional que conduz e distribui os ventos sobre as bacias hidrogr?ficas. No Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 48% do territ?rio ? composto pela vertente Atl?ntica, onde foram registradas 16 bacias a?reas com caracter?sticas ambientais espec?ficas, distribu?das em 20% da ?rea. Baseado na conforma??o de par?metros morfom?tricos as bacias a?reas foram agrupadas, atrav?s de An?lise Multivariada ? Cluster, com dist?ncia Euclidiana de 48%, n?vel de signific?ncia de 95% e coeficiente de correla??o de 0,7132 em 5 grupos com formas similares. Para avaliar os efeitos hidrol?gicos dentro das bacias a?reas, utilizou-se como estudo de caso a bacia a?rea de Angra dos Reis, onde a magnitude da vari?vel intercepta??o das nuvens foi medida na zona de escape, a partir do interfl?vio da bacia hidrogr?fica do rio Pirai (sotavento), em dist?ncias de afastamento distintas, com e sem barreiras orogr?ficas, durante o inverno e ver?o. Utilizou-se ?rea amostral de intercepta??o vertical equivalente a 0,45% das florestas da regi?o. A varia??o do afastamento do interfl?vio ocorreu at? desn?vel de 500 m em altitude, podendo ser este limite o fim da zona de escape e in?cio da zona de distribui??o da bacia a?rea. O efeito da bacia a?rea representou adicional de 44% em volume de chuva no interfl?vio (ponto 1), 39% a 4,5 km (ponto 2) e 42% a 7,5 km (ponto 3) do ponto 1 em dire??o concordante ao sentido do fluxo. O efeito da orografia no corredor variou de forma irregular no inverno e no ver?o, mantendo diferencial de 23% e 77% no ponto A (obstru??o de 85% da se??o transversal) e 32% e 68% , no ponto B (obstru??o de 80% da se??o transversal). Em ?reas sob influ?ncia de bacias a?reas, as vari?veis e processos ambientais podem ser determinantes para ofertar servi?os ambientais nas bacias hidrogr?ficas.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-12T11:52:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseIP_TESE.pdf: 3470658 bytes, checksum: d6793946d3aaf1a838f9bd6bae5e02f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-12-16 / The search for sustainable solutions through an appropriate environmental administration of the available natural resources, that comes from encounter to the aspirations of preservation of the environment and of the human being, in way to diagnose and to solve the environmental and social problems with the smallest possible impact to the nature and the man, it is the great challenge, so much for that generation, as for the future generations. The study of the environmental problems of the water and the participation and the social actors' environmental understanding as a whole, interferes in the field of the thematic environmental international, contemplating the strategic need of an appropriate administration of that very natural one, through a program returned to the diagnosis of the problems and in the search of compatible maintainable solutions, in a social and environmental politics of planning and environmental education, centered above all in the citizen's voice , user of that system. The present thesis she seeks to study the problem of the maintainable administration of the water, focusing the participation and the citizen's environmental understanding in the use of that very natural one for urban residential activities, in what concerns the approach and analyses of variables that treat of the measurement of general knowledge and you adapt, sense of community of the access to the means of information and of the attitudes and environmental behaviors, besides the variables of partner-demographic characterization or personal identification of the interviewed ones of an exploratory research of the type " survey ", accomplished through a stratified aleatory sampling, being the strata each one of the 4 (four) Political-Administrative Areas of the Natal city, having happened the collection of the data in the period of february to april/2002. The methodology used in this work it constitutes in the application of questionnaires with scales of the type Likert to measure the echo-varied of the study, besides a partner-demographic scale for the characterization of the studied sample. For the analysis of the results, it was made an exploratory descriptive study initially, followed by the use of techniques statistical multivariate s, such as, factorial analysis through the application of main components, besides the accomplishment of studies of multiple lineal regression. To complement this study, the accomplishment of Tests of Independence was proceeded through the Qui-square of Pearson, in way to verify the dependence of the associations between the partner-demographic variables and the principal selected variables and presents in the resulting factors of the factorial analysis. The results appear for a low level of environmental knowledge, of access to the information and community's sense, besides the verification that the principal factors resultants send for the need of feeling emphasis in the programs and administration actions addressed for the environmental understanding, the behaviors and attitudes that approach the information and the environmental education, besides the reuse of the water / A busca por solu??es sustent?veis atrav?s de uma gest?o ambiental adequada dos recursos naturais dispon?veis, que venha de encontro ?s aspira??es de preserva??o do meio ambiente e do ser humano, de maneira a equacionar e solucionar os problemas ambientais e sociais com o menor impacto poss?vel ? natureza e ao homem ? o grande desafio, tanto para essa gera??o, como para as futuras gera??es. O estudo das problem?ticas ambientais da ?gua e a participa??o e conscientiza??o ambiental dos atores sociais como um todo, se insere no campo da tem?tica ambiental internacional, contemplando a necessidade estrat?gica de uma gest?o apropriada desse bem natural, atrav?s de um programa voltado ao diagn?stico dos problemas e na procura de solu??es sustent?veis compat?veis, em uma pol?tica social e ambiental de planejamento e educa??o ambiental, centrada acima de tudo na voz do cidad?o , usu?rio desse sistema. A presente tese visa estudar a problem?tica da gest?o sustent?vel da ?gua, enfocando a participa??o e a conscientiza??o ambiental do cidad?o no uso desse bem natural para atividades residenciais urbanas, no que concerne a abordagem e an?lises de vari?veis que tratam da mensura??o de conhecimentos gerais e ambientais, do senso de comunidade, do acesso aos meios de informa??o e das atitudes e comportamentos ambientais, al?m das vari?veis de caracteriza??o s?cio-demogr?fica ou identifica??o pessoal dos entrevistados de uma pesquisa explorat?ria do tipo survey", realizada atrav?s de uma amostragem aleat?ria estratificada, sendo os estratos cada uma das 4 (quatro) Regi?es Pol?tico-Administrativas da cidade do Natal, tendo ocorrido a coleta dos dados no per?odo de fevereiro a abril/2002. A metodologia empregada neste trabalho constitui na aplica??o de question?rios com escalas do tipo Likert para medir as eco-vari?veis do estudo, al?m de uma escala s?cio-demogr?fica para a caracteriza??o da amostra estudada. Para a an?lise dos resultados, foi inicialmente feito um estudo descritivo explorat?rio, seguido da utiliza??o de t?cnicas estat?sticas multivariadas, tais como, an?lise fatorial por meio da aplica??o de componentes principais, al?m da realiza??o de estudos de regress?o linear m?ltipla. Para complementar este estudo, procedeu-se a realiza??o de Testes de Independ?ncia atrav?s do Qui-Quadrado de Pearson, de modo a verificar a depend?ncia das associa??es entre as vari?veis Sociodemogr?ficas e as principais vari?veis selecionadas e presentes nos fatores resultantes da an?lise fatorial. Os resultados apontam para um baixo n?vel de conhecimento ambiental, de acesso ? informa??o e senso de comunidade, al?m da constata??o de que os principais fatores resultantes remetem para a necessidade de se dar ?nfase nos programas e a??es de gest?o direcionada para a conscientiza??o ambiental, os comportamentos e atitudes que abordam as informa??es e a educa??o ambiental, al?m do reuso da ?gua

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AryTAN.pdf: 1949309 bytes, checksum: 336240ee8606021d63e4dcca774a40b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-22 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The aim of this approach is to describe the design and construction of a low-cost automated water sampler prototype. In recent years, there is an increasing need on the use of automated equipments for hydro climatic variables to be use in urban and rural environments. Such devices are always used to provide measured information which is of crucial importance on the development of water resources strategies at watershed scale. Actually, many research and water public institutions have been using these kinds of equipments. In most of the cases, automated equipments are expensive and need to be imported, generating a situation of technologic dependency. The prototype is based on an electronic system which controls a peristaltic pump functioning, five solenoid valves and an ultrasonic sensor connected to a datalloger. An interface with the user allows communication with a PC, when the equipment functioning parameters can be provided. The equipment has a hydraulic module composed by a 12V peristaltic pump connected to a distribution circuit composed by five solenoid valves, one of them being used to clean the circuit before each sampling procedure. Samples are collected by four 1.95 polyethylene bottles. The sampler body was made of acrylic material, with a cylindrical shape, and dimensions 0.72 m and 0.38 m height and diameter, respectively. The weight of the equipment without samples is approximately 15 kg, which infers to its portability. The prototype development total cost budget was approximately US$ 1,560.00. Laboratory tests aimed to evaluate the equipment performance and functioning demonstrated satisfactory results / O objetivo deste estudo ? desenvolver e apresentar um prot?tipo de coletor autom?tico de amostras de ?gua. Nos ?ltimos anos, tem havido uma crescente necessidade no uso de equipamentos autom?ticos no monitoramento de vari?veis hidro-clim?ticas, tanto em ambientes rurais como urbanos. Esses equipamentos s?o normalmente usados para gerar informa??o de vital import?ncia no desenvolvimento de a??es em recursos h?dricos na bacia hidrogr?fica. Atualmente, v?rias institui??es p?blicas e de pesquisa t?m usado esses tipos de equipamentos. Na maioria dos casos, os equipamentos autom?ticos s?o caros e necessitam ser importados, gerando uma situa??o de depend?ncia tecnol?gica. O prot?tipo desenvolvido tem como base um sistema eletr?nico que controla o funcionamento de uma bomba perist?ltica, cinco v?lvulas solen?ides e de um sensor ultra-s?nico acoplados a um datalogger. Uma interface com o usu?rio permite comunica??o com um PC, quando os par?metros de funcionamento do equipamento podem ser introduzidos. O equipamento disp?e de um m?dulo hidr?ulico composto de uma bomba perist?ltica 12V acoplada a um circuito de distribui??o com cinco v?lvulas solen?ides, uma delas usada na limpeza do circuito antes de cada coleta de amostra. As amostras s?o coletadas em quatro garrafas de polietileno, capacidade 1,95 ml. A estrutura do equipamento ? feita em acr?lico, com um formato cil?ndrico, dimens?es 0,72 m e 0,38 m de altura e di?metro, respectivamente. O peso do equipamento sem as amostras ? de aproximadamente 15 kg, o que lhe confere portabilidade. O or?amento referente ao custo total de desenvolvimento do equipamento foi de aproximadamente 1.560 d?lares americanos. Testes em laborat?rio, realizados para avaliar seu desempenho e funcionamento, foram bastante satisfat?rios

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeandroGD_DISSERT_capa_ate_pag133.pdf: 6716580 bytes, checksum: 9476462cb57b9fdec724012a32494896 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-02 / One of the most important natural resources for sustaining human life, water, has been losing the basic requirements of quality and quantity sufficient enough to attend the population due to water contamination'problems, often caused by human beings themselves. Because of this, the sources of this resource are often located in remote places of the natural environment to ensure the quality of the water. However, when urban expansion began to occupy these areas, which were once regarded as distant, environmental pollution problems began to occur due to occupation of the land without planning. Based on this occurrence, this study aims to propose environmental zoning for the Maxaranguape river watershed in order to protect its water resources. This is important because this river can serve as a source of supply for the metropolitan area of Natal, the capital of Rio Grande do Norte. In accordance to this proposition, the model of natural soil loss vulnerability (CREPANI et al., 2001), the model of aquifer pollution vulnerability (FOSTER et al., 2006), and the legal incompatibility map (CREPANI et al., 2001) were used to delimit the zones. All this was done with Geographic Information System (GIS) and also created a geographic database update of the basin. The results of the first model mentioned indicated that 63.67% of the basin was classified as moderately stable / vulnerable, 35.66% as moderately vulnerable, and 0.67% as vulnerable. The areas with high vulnerability degree correspond with sand dunes and river channels areas. The second model indicated that 2.84% of the basin has low vulnerability, 70.27%) has median vulnerability, and 26.76% and 0.13% has high vulnerability and extreme vulnerability, respectively. The areas with the highest vulnerability values also refer to part of the sand dunes and river channels besides other areas such as Pureza urban area. The legal incompatibility map indicated that the basin has 85.02 km2 of Permanent Protection Area (PPA) and 14.62% of this area has some incongruity of use. Based on these results it was possible to draw three main zones: Protection and Sustainable Use Zone (PSUZ), Protection and Environmental Restoration Zone (PERZ) and Environmental Control Zone, which are divided into A, B and C. The PSUZ refer to the coastal areas of the basin, where the sand dunes are located. These sites should be areas of environmental protection and of sustainable urban expansion. The ZPRA refer to river channels, which are in high need of rehabilitation. The third zone corresponds to the rest of the basin which should have, in general, the mapping of possible sources of contamination for further control on the use and occupation of the river / Um dos recursos naturais mais importantes para a sustenta??o da vida humana, a ?gua vem perdendo os requisitos b?sicos de qualidade e quantidade suficientes para atender a popula??o devido aos problemas de contamina??o h?drica causados, muitas vezes, pelos pr?prios seres humanos. Todavia, as fontes desses recursos h?dricos geralmente est?o localizadas em lugares distantes, onde as condi??es naturais do meio ambiente ainda asseguram a qualidade dos recursos. Por?m, quando a expans?o urbana come?a a atingir essas ?reas, antigamente tidas como distantes, problemas de polui??o ambiental s?o gerados devido ? ocupa??o do solo feita de forma n?o planejada. Com base nisso, este estudo objetiva propor um zoneamento ambiental da bacia hidrogr?fica do rio Maxaranguape, visando a prote??o de seus recursos h?dricos, uma vez que eles poder?o servir como fonte de abastecimento ? regi?o metropolitana de Natal, capital do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Dessa forma, utilizaram-se os resultados obtidos nos modelos de vulnerabilidade ? perda natural do solo (CREPANI et al., 2001) e de vulnerabilidade do aqu?fero ? contamina??o (FOSTER et al., 2006), juntos com a carta de incompatibilidade legal (CREPANI et al., 2001) para realiza??o do zoneamento ambiental. Tudo isso foi feito em Sistema de Informa??o Geogr?fica (SIG) e ainda foi criado um banco de dados geogr?ficos atualizados da bacia. Os resultados do primeiro modelo citado indicaram que 63,67% da bacia foram classificados como medianamente est?veis/vulner?veis, 35,66% como moderadamente vulner?veis e 0,67% como vulner?vel. As ?reas pertencentes ?s classes mais vulner?veis correspondem principalmente ?s ?reas de dunas e dos canais fluviais. O segundo modelo indicou que 2,84% da bacia possuem vulnerabilidade baixa, 70,27% vulnerabilidade m?dia, 26,76% vulnerabilidade alta e 0,13% vulnerabilidade extrema. As ?reas com os mais altos valores de vulnerabilidade correspondem tamb?m ? parte de dunas e dos canais fluviais, al?m de outras ?reas como a zona urbana da cidade de Pureza. A carta de incompatibilidade legal indicou que a bacia possui 85,02 km2 de ?rea de Preserva??o Permanente (APP), sendo que 14,62% dessa ?rea possuem alguma incongru?ncia de uso. Com base nesses resultados, foi poss?vel tra?ar tr?s zonas principais: Zona de Prote??o e Uso Sustent?vel (ZPUS), Zona de Prote??o e Recupera??o Ambiental (ZPRA) e Zona de Controle Ambiental, que foi dividida em A, B e C (ZCAA, ZCAB, ZCAC). A ZPUS refere-se ?s ?reas mais pr?ximas do litoral da bacia, onde tamb?m ficam as dunas, e aconselhou-se que sejam criados locais de prote??o ambiental e de expans?o urbana sustent?vel. A ZPRA corresponde aos canais fluviais e foi recomendada a recupera??o dessas ?reas. A terceira zona corresponde ao restante da bacia e recomendou-se, no geral, o mapeamento detalhado das poss?veis fontes de contamina??o para posterior controle no uso e na ocupa??o do solo

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SergioCG_DISSERT.pdf: 3503031 bytes, checksum: b6760a8c224fd3c175ef2a6b372b70da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-13 / The state of Rio Grande do Norte, possessor of an extremely irregular regime of rains, has the necessity of enlarge and specify the researches about its own hydro-climatic conditions, to achieve trustworthy results that are able to minimize the adversities imposed by these conditions and make possible the implementation of a better planning in the economic activities and of subsistence that somehow utilize of the multiple uses of hydro resources of the State. This way, the daily values observed from the pluviometric series of 166 posts, with 45 years uninterrupted of historic data, were adjusted to the incomplete gamma function to the determination of the probability of rain in the 36 period of ten days in which the year was divided. To the attainment of the α and β parameters of this function it was applied the method of the maximum verisimilitude allowing, in the end, to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of the rain in the level of 75% of probability. The values of potential evapo-transpiration were calculated by the Linacre method that, through the SURFER software, were confronted with the dependant rain, obtaining, in this way, the spatialization of the potential hydro availability, which the values can be known to any period of ten days of the year, city and/or region of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. With the identification of the main meteorological systems that act in the State, we sought to better comprehend how this systems interfere, in the irregular regime of rain, in the situations of several clime in the major part of Rio Grande do Norte and in the hydro regional balance. And, finally, with these data in hand and with the generated maps, we verified that space-temporal distribution of the rain and of the potential hydro availability were heterogeneous in the whole State, mainly in the West and Central regions, inserted in potiguar s semi-arid, which, after the period of the rains station, suffers with dry season and length drought during the rest of the year / O Rio Grande do Norte, Estado possuidor de um regime pluvial extremamente irregular, tem a necessidade de ampliar e detalhar os estudos sobre as suas condi??es hidroclim?ticas, para poder chegar a resultados confi?veis que minimizem as adversidades impostas por elas e viabilizem a implanta??o de um melhor planejamento nas atividades econ?micas e de subsist?ncia que se utilizam, de alguma forma, dos v?rios usos m?ltiplos dos recursos h?dricos do Estado. Dessa forma, os valores di?rios observados das s?ries pluviom?tricas de 166 postos, com 45 anos ininterruptos de dados hist?ricos, foram ajustados ? fun??o gama incompleta para a determina??o da probabilidade de precipita??o nos 36 dec?ndios que foi dividido o ano. Para a obten??o dos par?metros α e β dessa fun??o, foi aplicado o m?todo da m?xima verossimilhan?a, permitindo, ao final, analisar as distribui??es temporal e espacial de precipita??o no n?vel de 75% de probabilidade. Os valores da evapotranspira??o potencial foram calculados pelo m?todo de Linacre que, atrav?s do software SURFER, foram confrontados com a precipita??o dependente, obtendo-se a espacializa??o da disponibilidade h?drica potencial, cujos valores podem ser conhecidos para quaisquer dec?ndios do ano, munic?pio e/ou mesorregi?o do estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Com a identifica??o dos principais sistemas meteorol?gicos que atuam no Estado, buscou-se compreender melhor como esses sistemas interferem no regime pluvial irregular, nas situa??es de clima severo na maior parte do Rio Grande do Norte e no balan?o h?drico regional. E, finalmente, de posse dessas informa??es e dos mapas gerados, verifica-se que as distribui??es espa?o-temporal da precipita??o e da disponibilidade h?drica potencial s?o bastante heterog?neas em todo Estado, notadamente nas mesorregi?es Oeste e Central, inseridas no semi-?rido potiguar, que, ap?s o per?odo da esta??o chuvosa, sofrem com as secas ou estiagens prolongadas durante o restante do ano

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2015-11-16T22:35:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o - Jackeline Lisboa Ara?jo Santos.pdf: 3046273 bytes, checksum: 4c256298c13f761057f70882ab177485 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-16T22:35:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o - Jackeline Lisboa Ara?jo Santos.pdf: 3046273 bytes, checksum: 4c256298c13f761057f70882ab177485 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-05 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB / The articulation of semiarid (ASA) through P1MC (Training and Social Mobilization Program for living with semiarid: One million rural cisterns), enables families who live in rural areas have access to the cistern plates, a technology that aims to collect rainwater and store it for human consumption. Along with this action, the program has the development of the training course in Water Resources Management (GRH) as a form of social mobilization. The aim of this study was to construct, with the participation of subjects involved in the construction of cistern program, a matrix of indicators for evaluating environmental education programs applied in water resources management. This research has a qualitative approach and its object of study was the P1MC, performed by unit MOC (Movement of Community Organization) located in Serrinha municipality, Bahia state. The research subjects were twenty representatives of families benefiting with the cistern, two multipliers technicians and two GRH course instructors. Data collection had two stages: the first stage consisted on the primary indicators matrix construction, based on interviewssemistructured, documentary research and observation GRH courses. The second stage consisted on matrix finalization and validation, accomplished through focus group, composed of participating subjects: two members of the Water Resources Commission of the municipality, two multipliers technicians, an instructor, a community health worker and a community representative. The constructed matrix of indicators is based on seven dimensions (social, political, educational, cultural, environmental and public health, economic, spatial organization of dialogue) and sixteen indicators with guiding questions, descriptors and means of verification. It is expected that the use of indicators matrix for evaluating environmental education programs can contribute as an instrument that introduces functionality and can be easily applied in the evaluation and monitoring of Environmental Education courses in the construction of cisterns programs. / A articula??o do Semi?rido (ASA), atrav?s do P1MC (Programa de Forma??o e Mobiliza??o Social para conviv?ncia com o Semi?rido: Um milh?o de cisternas rurais), possibilita que fam?lias que moram em ?reas rurais tenham acesso ? cisterna de placas, uma tecnologia que visa recolher a ?gua da chuva e armazen?-la para consumo humano. Junto a esta a??o, o programa tem como forma de mobiliza??o social o desenvolvimento do curso de capacita??o em Gerenciamento de Recursos H?dricos (GRH). O objetivo deste estudo foi construir, com a participa??o de sujeitos envolvidos no programa de constru??o de cisterna, uma matriz de indicadores para avalia??o de programas de educa??o ambiental aplicados na gest?o de recursos h?dricos. Esta pesquisa possuiu abordagem qualitativa e teve como objeto de estudo o P1MC executado pela unidade do MOC (movimento de organiza??o comunit?ria) localizado no munic?pio de Serrinha- Bahia. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram vinte representantes de fam?lias beneficiadas com a cisterna, dois multiplicadores t?cnicos e dois instrutores do curso de GRH. A coleta de dados teve dois momentos: o primeiro momento consistiu na constru??o da matriz de indicadores preliminar, a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas, pesquisa documental e observa??o de cursos de GRH. O segundo momento consistiu na finaliza??o e valida??o da matriz, realizado por meio de grupo focal, tendo como sujeitos participantes: dois membros da Comiss?o de Recursos H?dricos do munic?pio, dois multiplicadores t?cnicos, uma instrutora, uma agente comunit?ria de sa?de e um representante das comunidades. A matriz de indicadores constru?da est? fundamentada em sete dimens?es (social, pol?tica, educacional, cultural, ambiental e sa?de p?blica, econ?mica e organiza??o do espa?o de di?logo) e dezesseis indicadores com perguntas norteadoras, descritores e meios de verifica??o. Espera-se que a utiliza??o de matriz de indicadores para avalia??o de programas de educa??o ambiental possa contribuir como um instrumento que apresenta funcionalidade e facilidade de aplica??oem avalia??o e acompanhamento de cursos de Educa??o Ambiental nos programas de constru??o de cisternas.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PauloCMA_DISSERT.pdf: 4872324 bytes, checksum: c2fbbe9b5d2839b7409ecae2d848efcd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The reality of water resources management in semiarid regions, such as the Serid? region, has been shaped by a complex chain involving social-cultural, political, economic and environmental aspects, covering different spheres of activity - from local to federal. Because water is a scarce element, the most rational way pointed out by our recent history has been to move towards an increasing emphasis on the need for a truly rational, integrated, sustainable and participatory water resources management, supported by legislation and by a network of institutions that could materialize it. In this sense, despite all the advances in the formulation of public policies in water resources, which ones have indeed lead to significant changes that have occurred or are underway in semiarid regions such as Serid?? What factors may be preventing the realization of the desires rationality embedded in the framers of water policies intents? How to properly manage water resources if the current actors who promote their management and the political, human, cultural and institutional processes that intervene in this management, show strong traces of unsustainability? The research methodology adopted in this paper led to a breakdown of the traditional approach to water resource management, to integrate it into other areas of knowledge, especially to political science and public administration, catalyzed by the concept of "sustainable development". From a broad, interdisciplinary literature review, an exhaustive characterization of the river basin Serid?, a set of interviews with key people in the public administration acting in the region, a series of diagnoses and a set of propositions were made in order to correct the direction of current public policies for the region. From the point of view of public policies, it is in the deployment phase, not in its formulation, which lies a major problem of the lack of significant progress in water management. The lack of coordination between government programs are well characterized, as well as the lack of efficiency and effectiveness of their actions. The causes of this secular model are also discussed, including political factors and social relations of production, which led to a stalemate difficult, but of possible solution. It can be perceived there is a scenario of progressive deterioration of natural resources of the fragile ecosystem and a network of environmental and social consequences difficult to reverse, the result of a persistent and inertial sociopolitical culture, whose main factors reinforce itself. The work leads towards a characterization of the water resources management also from the perspective of environmental, institutional, political and human sustainability , the latter being identified, particularly as investment in the development of people as autonomous beings - not based in ideological directives of any kind - in the emancipation of the traditional figure of the poor man of the hinterland" to the "catalyst for change" responsible for their own decisions or omissions, based upon an education for free-thinking that brings each one as co-responsible epicenter of (self-) sustainable changes in their midst / A realidade da gest?o dos recursos h?dricos em regi?es semi?ridas, como ? o caso da regi?o do Serid?, tem sido moldada por uma cadeia complexa envolvendo aspectos socioculturais, pol?ticos, econ?micos e ambientais, abrangendo diferentes esferas de atua??o do local ao federativo. Sendo a ?gua um elemento escasso, o caminho mais racional apontado pela nossa hist?ria recente tem sido o de caminhar no sentido de uma ?nfase cada vez maior na necessidade de uma gest?o verdadeiramente racional, integrada, sustent?vel e participativa dos recursos h?dricos, sustentada por uma legisla??o e por uma rede de institui??es que dessem materialidade a essa gest?o. Nesse sentido, apesar de todos os avan?os na parte de formula??o das pol?ticas p?blicas em recursos h?dricos, quais t?m sido, de fato, as mudan?as significativas que j? ocorreram ou est?o em marcha em regi?es semi?ridas como o Serid?? Quais fatores podem estar impedindo a realiza??o da desejada racionalidade embutida na inten??o dos formuladores das pol?ticas h?dricas? Como gerir adequadamente recursos h?dricos, sendo que os atuais atores que promovem a sua gest?o, os processos pol?ticos, humanos, culturais e institucionais que nesta gest?o interv?m, apresentam fortes tra?os de insustentabilidade? A metodologia de investiga??o adotada nesta disserta??o levou a uma ruptura da tradicional abordagem da gest?o de recursos h?dricos, para integr?-la a outras ?reas do conhecimento, notadamente ?s ci?ncias pol?ticas e ? administra??o p?blica, tendo como elemento agregador o conceito de desenvolvimento sustent?vel . A partir de uma ampla e interdisciplinar an?lise bibliogr?fica, de uma caracteriza??o exaustiva da bacia do rio Serid? e de um conjunto de entrevistas com pessoas-chave da administra??o p?blica atuantes na regi?o, chegou-se a uma s?rie de diagn?sticos e um conjunto de proposi??es para a corre??o de rumos das atuais pol?ticas p?blicas para a regi?o. Sob o ponto de vista das pol?ticas p?blicas, ? na fase de implanta??o, e n?o na de sua formula??o, que reside um dos principais problemas da falta de avan?o consider?vel na gest?o h?drica. A falta de articula??o entre programas governamentais est?o bem caracterizadas, bem como a falta de efici?ncia, efetividade e efic?cia de suas a??es. As causas desse modelo secular s?o tamb?m discutidas, abrangendo fatores pol?ticos e as rela??es sociais e de produ??o, que levaram a um impasse de dif?cil, mas poss?vel solu??o. Como pano de fundo, observa-se um cen?rio de progressiva deteriora??o dos recursos naturais do fr?gil ecossistema e uma rede de consequ?ncias ambientais e sociais dif?ceis de serem revertidas, fruto de uma cultura sociopol?tica persistente e inercial, cujos fatores principais refor?am a si mesma. O trabalho conduz no sentido de uma caracteriza??o da gest?o de recursos h?dricos tamb?m pelo vi?s da sustentabilidade ambiental, institucional, pol?tica e humana, sendo esta ?ltima identificada, sobretudo, como investimento no desenvolvimento das pessoas enquanto seres aut?nomos e n?o no seu adestramento ideol?gico de qualquer natureza -, na emancipa??o da figura tradicional do pobre sertanejo para o agente catalisador de mudan?as respons?vel por suas decis?es ou omiss?es, tendo como fundamento uma educa??o para o livre-pensar que coloque o indiv?duo como epicentro co-respons?vel das mudan?as (auto)sustent?veis em seu meio

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:55:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JaneAA_DISSERT.pdf: 2586341 bytes, checksum: 1e3db2ecc22d866ec62f9b5fcd4aa87b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-01 / The conservation of natural resources is essential and constitutes the main subject of many researches, which characterize important aspects concerning the environmental alterations in the ground, water, landscape and socioeconomic information. This study aimed to investigate the anthropogenic input of heavy metals in the environment, in the area of the Parelhas dump site and in part of the Serid? River and to determine the concentration of heavy metals in the sediments. This can result in risk to the environment and human health. In addition, we sought to establish the socioeconomic profile of rural communities adjacent to Serid? River and to comprehend the perception of these dwellers about the changes in the places they live. The area of this study is located in the city of Parelhas/RN, in the centralsouthern part of the State, in the micro-region of the Oriental Serid?. This area comprehends the place where the dump site is located, next to RN 086, the Caldeir?o dam, the Quintos river called by local citizens Caldeir?o creek and part of Serid? river, perpetuated by the Boqueir?o dam, which crosses the city and it includes the rural communities of Almas, Domingas, Sussuarana II and Colonos. Regarding the study with bottom sediments, the samples were collected and taken to the laboratory of geochemistry, where they were dried, sieved, weighted and submitted to weak acid attack. The analysis of heavy metals was held by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer - Flame AAS. We applied 23 closed questionnaires constituted by 38 questions to collect informations in the rural communities, oriented to establish the socioeconomic profile and the environmental perception of the participants. The participants were distributed in the communities of Almas (1), Domingas (2), Sussuarana II (10) and Colonos (10). Most of them presented similar socioeconomic profiles. They are from 45 to 60 years old and live in these localities for 20 to 30 years or more. The families are composed by 3 or 4 people; the agriculture is the main activity, livestock is the secondary and 48% of them earn the minimal wage. Regarding the environmental perception, the participants can realize some changes in vegetation, soil, water and landscape. People living longer in the community, and with more years of experience on the local reality can perceive the depletion of the soil, pastures and changes in the landscape. These changes portray how the place was previously and what it represents today. The perception of these changes, besides the environmental ones, includes others concerning the increasing number of dwellers in the last years, as well as the number of houses. The changes happened through activities developed by the dwellers over the years, including agricultural practices, livestock, grass planting and even the cultivation of cotton. The study provided the acquisition of new data about the environmental reality of this region. It can subsidize the definition of public policies that can be implemented from the perspective of conservation of water resources and of the coexistence and survival of man in the semi-arid / A conserva??o dos recursos naturais ? essencial e constitui o objeto principal de v?rias pesquisas, que caracterizam aspectos importantes concernentes ?s altera??es ambientais do solo, da ?gua, na paisagem e informa??es socioecon?micas. Este estudo objetivou investigar o aporte antropog?nico de metais pesados para o meio ambiente, na ?rea de influ?ncia do lix?o do munic?pio de Parelhas e em um trecho do Rio Serid?, visando determinar a concentra??o de metais pesados nos sedimentos, o que pode implicar em risco para o meio ambiente e a sa?de humana. Al?m disso, buscou-se conhecer o perfil socioecon?mico dos moradores de comunidades rurais adjacentes ao Rio Serid? e entender a percep??o destes moradores com rela??o a mudan?as nos espa?os onde vivem. A ?rea do estudo situa-se no munic?pio de Parelhas/RN localizado na Por??o Centro-sul do Estado, na Microrregi?o do Serid? Oriental. A ?rea da pesquisa abrangeu o local onde se encontra o lix?o do munic?pio, situado ao lado da RN 086, o A?ude Caldeir?o, o Rio Quintos denominado de Riacho Caldeir?o pelos moradores locais e um trecho do Rio Serid?, importante rio perenizado pela Barragem Boqueir?o, que corta o munic?pio e compreende ?s suas margens as comunidades rurais Almas, Domingas, Sussuarana II e Colonos. No que se refere ao estudo com sedimentos das drenagens, as amostras foram coletadas e levadas ao laborat?rio de geoqu?mica, onde foram secas, peneiradas, pesadas e submetidas a ataque ?cido fraco. A leitura dos metais pesados foi realizada por Espectrofot?metro de Absor??o At?mica AAS-CHAMA. Para coletar os dados das comunidades rurais foram aplicados 23 question?rios constitu?dos de 38 perguntas fixas, voltadas para o perfil socioecon?mico e percep??o ambiental dos participantes. Os participantes foram distribu?dos nas comunidades Almas (1), Domingas (2), Sussuarana II (10) e Colonos (10). A maioria dos entrevistados apresentou perfis socioecon?micos semelhantes, residem no local de 20 a 30 anos, est?o na faixa et?ria de 45 e 60 anos ou mais; as fam?lias s?o compostas de 3 a 4 pessoas, sendo a agricultura a atividade principal e a pecu?ria a secundaria; 48% dos entrevistados ganham um sal?rio m?nimo. Com rela??o ? percep??o ambiental dos entrevistados, estes conseguem perceber algumas mudan?as ocorridas na vegeta??o, solo, ?gua, na paisagem. As pessoas com maior tempo de moradia na comunidade e com mais anos de viv?ncia da realidade local podem perceber o desgaste do solo, das pastagens, e as mudan?as na paisagem que retratam como o local era anteriormente e o que hoje ele representa. A percep??o acerca das mudan?as, al?m das ambientais, inclui outras concernentes ao aumento do n?mero de moradores e de resid?ncias. Essas mudan?as ocorreram atrav?s de atividades desenvolvidas pelos residentes ao longo dos anos, as quais incluem pr?ticas de agricultura, pecu?ria, plantio de capim e at? mesmo a cotonicultura. O estudo propiciou a aquisi??o de novos dados sobre a realidade ambiental da regi?o, os quais podem servir de subs?dio ? defini??o de pol?ticas p?blicas a serem implementadas sob a ?tica da conserva??o dos recursos h?dricos, da conviv?ncia e sobreviv?ncia do homem no semi?rido

Submitted by Raniere Barreto (raniere.barros@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-07T18:19:12Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) s?lvio_luiz_figueiredo.pdf: 1948091 bytes, checksum: 9615d43a375d54bc9dbbf67d8bec0dfb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-14T14:29:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) s?lvio_luiz_figueiredo.pdf: 1948091 bytes, checksum: 9615d43a375d54bc9dbbf67d8bec0dfb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-14T14:29:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) s?lvio_luiz_figueiredo.pdf: 1948091 bytes, checksum: 9615d43a375d54bc9dbbf67d8bec0dfb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / O trabalho tem como objetivo estimar a demanda de ?gua do sistema de abastecimento p?blico da Cidade de Te?filo Otoni ? MG, bem como examinar os efeitos das vari?veis determinantes em seu comportamento. Permite ainda uma compreens?o do cen?rio pesquisado, possibilitando, deste modo, analisar a magnitude de poss?veis pol?ticas tarif?rias utilizadas, sendo capaz de sustentar no processo decis?rio sobre a necessidade de investimentos, por meio de proje??es do consumo. Para esse fim, utilizou-se t?cnicas de an?lise explorat?ria temporal de dados, considerando o per?odo de setembro de 2012 a dezembro de 2014, dividida em duas categorias de consumo: social e normal. O modelo de demanda de ?gua apoiou-se na estrutura tarif?ria da Companhia de Saneamento de Minas Gerais (COPASA-MG), visando avaliar aspectos importantes tanto para o servi?o de abastecimento de ?gua quanto de consumidores. Ressalta-se a import?ncia das vari?veis pre?o m?dio, renda e clima, objetivando-se substancialmente em encontrar os par?metros de elasticidade. A compreens?o desses par?metros viabiliza uma an?lise do impacto de pol?ticas tarif?rias e possibilita a proje??o do consumo futuro de ?gua no longo prazo. Os resultados encontrados destacam a inelasticidade pre?o da demanda de ?gua para ambas categorias estudadas, apresentando coeficientes significativos para o pre?o marginal e a vari?vel diferen?a. A quantidade de ?gua defasada e a renda para ambas as categorias estudadas, n?o apresentaram o sinal esperado pela literatura; j? o clima, na categoria normal, o coeficiente n?o foi significativo estatisticamente; e na categoria social, o coeficiente mostrou-se significativo. Portanto, presume-se um maior conhecimento na estrutura tarif?ria da cidade, al?m da busca por vari?veis que expliquem melhor a demanda de ?gua. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Tecnologia, Sa?de e Sociedade, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / The objective of this work is to estimate the water demand of the Te?filo Otoni - MG public water supply system, as well as to examine the effects of the determinant variables on its behavior. It also allows an understanding of the researched scenario, thus making it possible to analyze the magnitude of possible tariff policies used, being able to sustain in the decision making process on the need for investments, through consumption projections. For this purpose, we used techniques for exploratory temporal data analysis, considering the period from September 2012 to December 2014, divided into two categories of consumption: social residential and normal residential. The water demand model was based on the tariff structure of the Minas Gerais Sanitation Company (COPASA-MG), in order to evaluate important aspects for both the water supply service and consumers. The significance of the variables average price, income and climate is emphasized, aiming substantially at finding the parameters of elasticity. The understanding of these parameters enables an analysis of the impact of tariff policies and enables the projection of future water consumption in the long term. The results found highlight the price inelasticity of water demand for both categories studied, presenting significant coefficients for the marginal price and the difference variable. The coefficient was not statistically significant, in the social category, the coefficient showed to be highly significant. The coefficient was not statistically significant, in the social category, the coefficient showed to be highly significant. Therefore, it is assumed a greater knowledge in the tariff structure of the city, besides the search for variables that better explain the water demand.