<p>x</p> / <p>Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF), a family of potent mitogens and chemoattractants for cells of mesenchymal origin, elicit their biological effects through the binding of two related receptor tyrosine kinases, denoted α- and β-receptors. The binding of PDGF to the receptors causes receptor dimerization and autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues. Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing proteins then bind the phosphorylated receptors, mediating further propagation of the signal. This thesis describes how the interaction between the PDGF receptors and some of their downstream targets can modify the cellular response to PDGF.</p><p>The tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 has been implicated in activation of the Ras/MAPK pathway downstream of several receptor tyrosine kinases. We found that SHP-2 binds to phosphorylated Y763 in the PDGF β-receptor, in addition to the already reported binding to Y1009. Cells expressing PDGF β-receptors with Y763 and Y1009 mutated to phenylalanine exhibited decreased Ras-GTP loading and reduced activation of Erk2 in response to PDGF. Whereas these cells did not show any change in the mitogenic response to PDGF, the PDGF-induced chemotaxis was significantly reduced in cells expressing mutant compared to wild-type receptor.</p><p>The phosphorylation of Y771 of the PDGF β-receptor had been shown to be significantly lower in the αβ-heterodimeric receptor compared to in the ββ-homodimer, causing reduced binding of RasGAP to the heterodimer and increased Ras/MAPK activation. We could demonstrate that the reduced phosphorylation of Y771 is due to dephosphorylation by tyrosine phosphatases, including SHP-2.</p><p>SHP-2 had been shown to associate with the docking protein Gab1 after growth factor stimulation. We showed that the adaptor protein Grb2 was required for PDGF mediated phosphorylation of Gab1, and that phosphorylated Gab1, Grb2 and SHP-2 create a complex upon PDGF stimulation. Using a cell system with an inducible Gab1 expression, we further demonstrated that Gab1 increased SHP-2 activity in response to PDGF, without affecting the interaction between SHP-2 and the b-receptor. Induction of Gab1 correlated with an increase in both PDGF-induced Erk and p38 MAPK activation, whereas Akt activation was unaffected. The latter finding was in line with our observation that PDGF had no effect on the interaction between Gab1 and p85 of PI3’-kinase. The increase in MAPK activity after Gab1 induction and PDGF treatment did not correlate with an increase in PDGF-induced mitogenicity; instead these cells displayed more pronounced actin reorganization in response to PDGF.</p><p>In conclusion, our data indicate that SHP-2 regulates the PDGF response both through direct dephosphorylation of the receptor and through its interaction with Gab1. PDGF stimulated activation of SHP-2 seems to be correlated not only with mitogenesis, but also with reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and cell migration.</p>

x / Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF), a family of potent mitogens and chemoattractants for cells of mesenchymal origin, elicit their biological effects through the binding of two related receptor tyrosine kinases, denoted α- and β-receptors. The binding of PDGF to the receptors causes receptor dimerization and autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues. Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing proteins then bind the phosphorylated receptors, mediating further propagation of the signal. This thesis describes how the interaction between the PDGF receptors and some of their downstream targets can modify the cellular response to PDGF. The tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 has been implicated in activation of the Ras/MAPK pathway downstream of several receptor tyrosine kinases. We found that SHP-2 binds to phosphorylated Y763 in the PDGF β-receptor, in addition to the already reported binding to Y1009. Cells expressing PDGF β-receptors with Y763 and Y1009 mutated to phenylalanine exhibited decreased Ras-GTP loading and reduced activation of Erk2 in response to PDGF. Whereas these cells did not show any change in the mitogenic response to PDGF, the PDGF-induced chemotaxis was significantly reduced in cells expressing mutant compared to wild-type receptor. The phosphorylation of Y771 of the PDGF β-receptor had been shown to be significantly lower in the αβ-heterodimeric receptor compared to in the ββ-homodimer, causing reduced binding of RasGAP to the heterodimer and increased Ras/MAPK activation. We could demonstrate that the reduced phosphorylation of Y771 is due to dephosphorylation by tyrosine phosphatases, including SHP-2. SHP-2 had been shown to associate with the docking protein Gab1 after growth factor stimulation. We showed that the adaptor protein Grb2 was required for PDGF mediated phosphorylation of Gab1, and that phosphorylated Gab1, Grb2 and SHP-2 create a complex upon PDGF stimulation. Using a cell system with an inducible Gab1 expression, we further demonstrated that Gab1 increased SHP-2 activity in response to PDGF, without affecting the interaction between SHP-2 and the b-receptor. Induction of Gab1 correlated with an increase in both PDGF-induced Erk and p38 MAPK activation, whereas Akt activation was unaffected. The latter finding was in line with our observation that PDGF had no effect on the interaction between Gab1 and p85 of PI3’-kinase. The increase in MAPK activity after Gab1 induction and PDGF treatment did not correlate with an increase in PDGF-induced mitogenicity; instead these cells displayed more pronounced actin reorganization in response to PDGF. In conclusion, our data indicate that SHP-2 regulates the PDGF response both through direct dephosphorylation of the receptor and through its interaction with Gab1. PDGF stimulated activation of SHP-2 seems to be correlated not only with mitogenesis, but also with reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and cell migration.

The police organization is a link to the executive organizations of the government. It is the closest, most direct and most frequently used bridge between the government and the public. Therefore, on the one hand, the police organization has to bear its responsibilities in handling the problems of social order; on the other, greater efforts should be made to maintain good service. In order to pursue a balanced development of these two aspects and to face the new challenges in future management, the National Police Administration starts to promote the import of ISO9001 Quality Management System to police organizations. The Nantzu Police Precinct is the first to import this System. Through investigation and analysis of the certification process and the achievements of the police precinct, this research hopes to provide other police organizations with the transfer of this system and a deepening direction. The research results show that through the policeman¡¦s cognitive degree of ISO9001, the attribute of the basic personal background of a police officer affects the officer¡¦s verification effects of ISO9001. After analysis is made regarding the question of cognitive degree of ISO9001, it is found that the cognitive degree of ISO9001 has 3 factors of composition construct: ¡§cognition,¡¨ ¡§attitude¡¨ and ¡§confidence.¡¨ The results indicate that different attributes of the basic personal backgrounds of police officers can develop different factors of composition constructs of their cognitive degrees of ISO9001. And there exists an obvious relation between the attributes of the basic personal background of police officers and the groups with high and low cognitive degrees of ISO9001. In addition, factor analysis is made on the question of the verification effects of ISO9001. It is found that there are 3 index kinds of verification effects of ISO9001: ¡§efficiency,¡¨ ¡§effectiveness¡¨ and ¡§quality.¡¨ Through typical relativity analysis, the results show there is an obvious relation between the composition construct of the cognitive degrees of ISO9001 and the index kinds of verification effects of ISO9001. In the groups with high and low cognitive degrees of ISO9001, the index kinds of verification effects of ISO9001 are different. Among the police officers with different attributes of basic personal backgrounds, the index kinds of verification effects of ISO9001 are also different. After the relevant analyses are made, the results reveal that there is an obvious positive correlation between the various factors of composition construct of the cognitive degrees of ISO9001 and the index kinds of verification effects of ISO9001. The research results prove that the high and low cognitive degrees of ISO9001 can positively affect police officers¡¦ promotion of the verification effects of ISO9001. Starting from literature reviews, the difficulties found in the importing process of ISO System, and the significant affecting factors of its success and failure, the researcher makes synthesis and integration, proposes for police organizations the workable strategies of transfer and deepening in times of importing ISO Quality Management System, and suggests the future research directions.

The extent to which cortical maps may reorganize in adult humans is a significant and topical debate in visual neuroscience. Though there are conflicting findings, evidence from humans and animals indicates that the topography of the visual cortex may change after retinal deafferentation. Remarkably, this reorganization seems to be possible in adults, whose brains are less amenable to plastic change. If adult visual reorganization is legitimate, an understanding of its causes and consequences could be profound considering the millions suffering from age-related visual disorders. This dissertation explores whether visual training may yield a reorganization of sensory maps in the adult visual cortex. It describes research in which patients, diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), underwent visual rehabilitation therapy. Functional brain scans and behavioral tests were conducted pre and post training. These interventions generated valuable knowledge regarding whether "reorganized" activity is a true rewiring of feed forward cortical processes or an artifact of attentional feedback. The rehabilitation training produced demonstrable differences in activation patterns along the primary visual cortex (V1), but sparse improvement in the behavioral tests. In contrast, there was significant improvement in fixation tests which assessed oculomotor control. These results suggest that the nature of reorganized activity has more to do with attentional mechanisms than feed forward reorganization. Future investigations could benefit from examining the brain sites that govern visual attention in the frontal and parietal cortices. These areas may have more to do with visual adaptation in AMD patients than V1.

SANTRAUKA Magistro darbe analizuojami su bendrovių reorganizavimu jungimo būdu susiję klausimai apimantys nacionalinius ir vienos valstybės ribas peržengiančius bendrovių jungimus. Darbą sudaro trys dalys. Pirmoje dalyje yra atskleidžiamos bendrovių jungimosi priežastys ir tikslai, galimi jungimosi būdai trumpai apibūdinant kiekvieno jų teisinio reglamentavimo aspektus. Bendrovių jungimo būdų privalumų ir trūkumų analizė leidžia daryti išvadą, kad kiekvienu atveju, pasirenkant akcijų įsigijimo, įmonės įsigijimo ar jungimo reorganizuojant būdą, dalyvaujančios suinteresuotos šalys siekiančios įgyvendinti savo interesus turės ieškoti kompromisinių sprendimų. Antroje darbo dalyje, panaudojant istorinį metodą, nagrinėjama bendrovių reorganizavimo jungimo būdu kaip teisės instituto kilmė, jo raida Europos Sąjungos ir Lietuvos teisėje, nes tik suvokiant tiriamo objekto istorinę raidą, aiškiau galima nagrinėti ir analizuoti dabarties reguliavimo pagrindimą, o taip pat įžvelgti trūkumus ar problematiką. Pasitelkiant lyginamąjį tyrimo metodą, trečioje magistro darbo dalyje, lyginamos Europos Sąjungos teisės aktų ir nacionalinių įstatymų normos, tikslu parodyti nacionalinių nuostatų kilmę ir esančius skirtumus. Taip pat, panaudojant teleologinį metodą, siekiama atskleisti teisės norminių aktų leidėjo ketinimus įgyvendinant ES teisės nuostatas nacionalinėje teisėje. Žymioje magistro darbo dalyje naudojamas lyginamasis tyrimo metodas iš esmės pagrindiniam tikslui pasiekti – pateikti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / SUMMARY Legal aspects of reorganization by way of merger The thesis paper analyses the issues related to the reorganization of companies by the way of merger including national and cross-border mergers. The paper consists of three sections. The first section discloses reasons and purposes of company mergers, possible merger ways, defining shortly legal regulations of each of the ways. The analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the merger ways leads to the conclusion that, in order to achieve their expectations, the participating interested parties will have to look for a compromise solutions when choosing a share deal, an asset deal or a reorganization by merger way. In the second section, based on the historical method, the origin of the reorganization of companies by the way of merger as the law institute, its development in the European Union and the Lithuanian legislation are analysed as the investigation and analysis of the grounding of the current regulation as well as perception of drawbacks or problems are possible only having a clear concept of the historical development of the object investigated. In the third section, based on the comparative investigation method, regulations of the European Union legal acts and national laws are compared with a view to reveal the origin of the national provisions and existing differences. Furthermore, based on the teleological method, the paper seeks to reveal the intentions of the issuer of legal regulations, when... [to full text]

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-04-13Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:09:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 francajunior_lb_me_mar.pdf: 1331032 bytes, checksum: 5ae6a0be4ed4373f560dabb9ec848b0a (MD5) / Este trabalho visa compreender o processo de reestruturação das grandes redes varejistas ocorrido desde a última década do século passado, os seus reflexos no processo de trabalho e junto aos trabalhadores destas redes. Se para a absorção e consumo da produção fordista houve a necessária transformação do comércio de varejo para atendimento das necessidades postas pelo capital, com o aparecimento do supermercado ao mesmo tempo em que a linha de montagem proposta pelo fordismo alcançava sua hegemonia. Com o toyotismo não foi diferente. Para este novo modelo de produção, novamente o setor do comércio varejista teve que experimentar mudanças. Fenômenos já verificados em outros setores, tais como a reestruturação capitalista, a precarização das condições de trabalho, monopolização/oligopolização, entre outros, ganham novos contornos quando relacionados ao universo dos trabalhadores comerciários das grandes redes varejistas. Os resultados alcançados pela pesquisa confirmam a hipótese de que o ganho econômico resultante dos processos de reestruturação deu-se em detrimento dos direitos e condições de trabalho dos comerciários. / This work aims to understand the process of restructuring the great retail chains which have occurred since the last decade of the past century, its consequences in the work process and with the employees of these shops. If for the absorption and consumption of the fordist production was necessary the transformation of the retail commerce to attend the necessities posed by capital, with the emergence of the supermarket at same time while the line assembly proposed by Fordism reached its hegemony. With Toyotism was no different. For this new model of production, again the retail sector had to experience changes. Phenomena already observed in other sectors, such as capitalist restructuring, the precariousness of work conditions, monopoly / oligopoly, among others, gain new contours when related to the universe of commercial employees in the great retail chains. The results reached by the research confirm the hypothesis of that the economic profit of the reorganization processes happened in detriment of the rights and work conditions of the commercial employees.

Depuis le début des années 1990, la publication en langue italienne d'oeuvres littéraires d’auteurs aux origines étrangères et aux parcours hétérogènes, a imposé à la critique une réflexion sur de nouveaux enjeux linguistiques, esthétiques et sociaux.Parmi ces écrivains il est possible de recenser un groupe qui présente des caractéristiques particulières, les écrivains originaires de la Corne de l'Afrique. Leur production littéraire a certainement contribué aussi bien à la réouverture du débat sur le colonialisme italien qu’à l’introduction des théories postcoloniales et à la définition de ce qu’on appelle désormais le postcolonial italien. Réciproquement, le développement des études postcoloniales dans l’aire italophone a encouragé ces auteurs à s’exprimer.Longtemps refoulée et occultée, l'expérience historique de la colonisation italienne en Afrique de l'Est peine encore aujourd’hui à trouver place dans une réélaboration culturelle. Comment l'appartenance de ces écrivains à une ancienne colonie peut-elle se manifester dans un pays qui ne s’est jamais vraiment penché sur son passé colonial ? Notre hypothèse est que l’écriture peut devenir un espace dans lequel ils tissent une nouvelle relation, à la fois avec un pays lointain auquel ils se sentent liés et avec le pays où et d’où ils écrivent, l’Italie. Ils mettent ainsi en place une stratégie qui leur permet d’entamer des processus de recomposition identitaire, tant sur le plan individuel que sur le plan collectif.Nous analyserons la production littéraire d'une dizaine d'auteurs. L'étude de leurs thèmes de prédilection et de leurs modalités d'écriture nous permettra de comprendre aussi si cette recomposition véhicule une image inédite des pays de la Corne de l’Afrique, ou bien si la nécessité de trouver un « espace de présence » en Italie l’emporte sur la portée innovatrice de leur imaginaire. / Since the beginning of the 1990’s, Italian literary world and critic have been interested in linguistic, esthetic and social issues generated by Italian immigrant literature, in which we find writers of various backgrounds.Nevertheless, there is a group of authors displaying distinctive features whose members originate from the Horn of Africa. Their literary works participate to a renewal of interest for Italian colonial domination as well as for the debate on the introduction of postcolonial theories and the existence of a so-called Italian postcolonialism. Conversely, the interest and the development of postcolonial studies promote authors’ writings.Italian colonial domination in East Africa was rejected and hidden for a long time and still today it is a difficult issue to deal with. How can authors express their sense of belonging to former colonies in a country that has never looked at its colonial past? Our thesis statement is that writing enables the authors to restore understanding to often contradictory identities and thus rebuild their own space, both with regard to their social and ethnic background and to Italian society where these operations take place.This work aims at exploring how writing stories represents a strategy intended to make identity reorganization possible. The analysis of their favorite subjects will allow us to show whether this reorganization also conveys an unprecedented imaginary world from the Horn of Africa or if the necessity of finding a space to exist prevails over this really innovative storytelling.

O presente estudo tem como tema central a análise do tratamento diferenciado entre os credores sujeitos à recuperação judicial, disciplinada pela Lei 11.101/2005. A necessidade de tratar credores de forma igualitária encontra-se prevista no princípio clássico do direito concursal chamado par condicio creditorum. Assim, busca-se analisar a aplicabilidade desse princípio na recuperação judicial, bem como os elementos que permitam uma compreensão do instituto a fim de construir uma base teórica, problematizar a funcionalidade da Lei através do exame da jurisprudência e doutrina e estabelecer critérios. A relevância do tema justifica-se em razão da matéria ser controvertida e de grande aplicação prática pela existência de diferenciação de tratamento entre credores na maioria das recuperações judiciais. Para tanto, no primeiro capítulo, analisa-se os conceitos básicos e origens para estudo da par condicio creditorum e o contexto dos princípios que norteiam o direito concursal. No segundo capítulo é abordada a importância da jurisprudência e dos credores na construção da recuperação judicial, destacando a problemática existente nas classes de credores originalmente previstas na legislação e a natureza jurídica do plano de recuperação judicial. No terceiro capítulo são analisados os principais casos em que ocorre o tratamento diferenciado entre credores na recuperação judicial, como a criação de subclasses, a existência de credor estratégico ou colaborativo que financie a empresa devedora e a consolidação substantiva de grupos societários, objetivando estabelecer critérios. Finalmente, no quarto capítulo discute-se a soberania da assembleia-geral de credores, o papel do juiz na homologação do plano de recuperação judicial e as hipóteses de controle de legalidade pelo judiciário. Ao final, são expostas as conclusões sobre a pesquisa. / The present study has as its central theme the analysis of the unfair discrimination among creditors subject to reorganization, disciplined by Law 11.101/2005. The need to treat creditors in an egalitarian manner is provided for in the classic principle of bankruptcy law called par condicio creditorum. Thus, the study seeks to analyze the applicability of this principle in reorganization, as well as the elements that allow an understanding of the institute in order to build a theoretical basis, problematize the functionality of the Law through the examination of jurisprudence and doctrine and establish criteria. The relevance of the topic is justified because the matter is controversial and of great practical application by the existence of different treatment between creditors in most reorganization process. To do so, the first chapter analyzes the basic concepts and origins for the study of par condicio creditorum and the context of the principles that guide bankruptcy law. The second chapter deals with the importance of jurisprudence and creditors in the construction of the reorganization process, highlighting the problems existing in the classes of claims originally foreseen in the legislation and the legal nature of the plan of reorganization. The third chapter analyzes the main cases in which unfair discrimination occurs between creditors in reorganization process, such as the creation of subclasses, the existence of essential venders that finances the debtor company and the substantive consolidation of corporate groups, aiming to establish criteria. Finally, the fourth chapter discusses the sovereignty of the general assembly of creditors, the role of the judge in the confirmation of the reorganization plan and the hypotheses of legality control by the judiciary. At the end, the conclusions about the research are presented.

Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2017-06-26T14:37:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jessica Martins Mantovan2.pdf: 2109869 bytes, checksum: 16e3c5ac609d7686c2993985de6f456e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-26T14:37:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jessica Martins Mantovan2.pdf: 2109869 bytes, checksum: 16e3c5ac609d7686c2993985de6f456e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-22 / This study sought to reflect on the reorganization of cycles in Elementary School in the city of São Paulo and to identify the initial impacts on the school daily life signaled by teachers. In 2014, a reform was instituted in São Paulo‟s Municipal Teaching Network – RMESP –, altering, among other elements, the curriculum and the cycles structure – that were previously organized in two learning cycles: Elementary School I, Elementary School II and are now divided into three: Literacy Cycle, Interdisciplinary Cycle and Autoral Cycle. In this scenario, the research problem came up: how have teachers in the city of São Paulo reacted to these changes? From this central issue emerged others: what characterizes the new proposal? What are the initial impacts of this on the teachers' view? Do they conceive of it as advances or setbacks in the network? Aiming to investigate the presented aspects, this qualitative research initially sought to understand thecycles policies, their origin, the need for its implementation, its limits and possibilities, having as a theoretical foundation the studies of Barreto and Mitrulis (1999), Paro (2001), Freitas (2003), Mainardes (2007; 2009), Bahia (2012), Palma Filho; Alves and Duran (2012), Souza (1998, 2004, 2017), among others. Afterwards, a historical panorama of the implantation and development of the cycles in the RMESP up to the present moment was presented, based on the researches of authors who analyzed the system of cycles specifically in the city of São Paulo, such as Cortella (1992), Alavarse (2002), Redua (2003) and Aguiar (2011a; 2011b), in addition to the documents published between 2012 and 2016 by São Paulo Secretaria Municipal – SME. A field research was also carried out, in which teachers, coordinators and a pedagogical manager of a central organ were interviewed. The relevance of this study lies in the historiography of the main public educational policies instituted in 2014 in the city of São Paulo, being the starting point for an evaluation of the initial impacts and reaction of teachers to the proposal, in order to reflect on the positive and negative aspects that emerged from it. The study of the new proposal indicated that it presents similarities with the one devised by Paulo Freire in the implementation of the cycles in 1992, however revealed, contradictions between the principles of the reform and what are there in its documents. In spite of these differences, it was found that, in a general way, the teachers reacted positively to the reorganization, considering it an advance in the quality of education. It was also observed that the impacts and advances highlighted by teachers are mostly related to the typical practices of the traditional school, such as the return of numerical grades, report cards and increased possibilities of retention, implying that the conception of a serialized and classificatory education remains a reference of education quality from the teachers‟ point of view. / Este estudo buscou refletir sobre a reorganização dos ciclos no Ensino Fundamental no município de São Paulo e identificar os impactos iniciais no cotidiano escolar sinalizados pelos professores. No ano de 2014 foi instaurada uma reforma na Rede Municipal de Ensino de São Paulo – RMESP –, alterando, entre outros elementos, o currículo e a estrutura dos ciclos – que antes eram organizados em dois ciclos de aprendizagem: Ensino Fundamental I, Ensino Fundamental II e agora são divididos em três: Ciclo de Alfabetização, Ciclo Interdisciplinar e Ciclo Autoral. Nesse cenário, surgiu o problema da pesquisa: como os professores do município de São Paulo têm reagido a estas mudanças? Desta questão central emergiram outras: o que caracteriza a nova proposta? Quais os impactos iniciais desta na visão dos professores? Eles a concebem como avanços ou retrocessos na rede? Objetivando investigar os aspectos apresentados, esta pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, buscou inicialmente compreender no que consistem as políticas de ciclos, sua origem, a necessidade de sua implantação, seus limites e possibilidades, tendo como fundamentação teórica os estudos de Barreto e Mitrulis (1999), Paro (2001), Freitas (2003), Mainardes (2007; 2009), Bahia (2012), Palma Filho; Alves e Duran (2012), Souza (1998; 2004; 2017), entre outros. Posteriormente, foi apresentado um panorama histórico da implantação e desenvolvimento dos ciclos na RMESP até o momento atual, a partir das pesquisas de autores que analisaram o sistema de ciclos especificamente no município de São Paulo, como Cortella (1992), Alavarse (2002), Redua (2003) e Aguiar (2011a; 2011b), além dos documentos publicados entre 2012 a 2016 pela Secretaria Municipal de São Paulo – SME. Realizou-se, também, uma pesquisa de campo, na qual foram entrevistados professores, coordenadoras e uma gestora pedagógica de um órgão central. A relevância deste estudo encontra-se na historicização das principais políticas públicas educacionais instituídas em 2014 no município de São Paulo, configurando-se em ponto de partida para uma avaliação dos impactos iniciais e reação dos docentes frente à proposta visando, desse modo, refletir sobre os aspectos positivos e negativos que dela emergiram. O estudo da nova proposta indicou que ela apresenta similaridades com a idealizada por Paulo Freire na implantação dos ciclos em 1992, mas desvelou, entretanto, contradições entre os princípios da reforma e o que consta em seus documentos. Em que pesem tais divergências, constatou-se que, de uma forma geral, os professores reagiram positivamente à reorganização, considerando-a um avanço na qualidade de ensino. Observou-se, ainda, que os impactos e avanços destacados pelos docentes estão, em sua maioria, relacionados às práticas características da escola tradicional, como o retorno das notas numéricas, boletins e aumento das possibilidades de reprovação, denotando que a concepção de uma educação seriada e classificatória permanece como referência de educação de qualidade na perspectiva dos professores.