Introdução: Erros envolvendo medicamentos ocorrem frequentemente em hospitais, possuem natureza multidisciplinar e podem ocorrer nas várias etapas da terapia medicamentosa. Objetivos: Avaliar a seriedade, o tipo e os medicamentos envolvidos nos erros de medicação notificados no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Verificar a qualidade do conteúdo das notificações obtidas pelos instrumentos de notificação disponíveis na Instituição. Classificar os erros através de árvore de decisão para atos inseguros, quando aplicável. Métodos: Foram analisadas notificações comunicadas por escrito em 2010-2011. A amostra foi composta por 165 notificações. Os erros identificados foram classificados de acordo com a seriedade, o tipo e a classe farmacológica. Foram analisadas 114 notificações, nas quais um erro de fato ocorreu, quanto à qualidade das informações contidas. A qualidade foi avaliada considerando-se os itens preconizados pela ANVISA. A árvore de decisão para atos inseguros foi utilizada para verificar fatores individuais ou sistêmicos nos erros notificados. Resultados: Apesar de um maior número de notificações comunicadas em 2011, comparativamente a 2010, não houve uma alteração significativa no perfil de seriedade destes eventos. Os erros ocorridos ao longo do processo geraram, em algumas situações, novos erros de medicação associados. O tipo de erro mais frequente foi o de prescrição (40%). Nas 114 notificações de erro foram citados 122 medicamentos. O conteúdo das notificações demonstrou que todos itens preconizados pela ANVISA estavam presentes, mas informados em frequências diferentes. A caracterização dos atos inseguros foi realizada com as 30 notificações comunicadas por ficha padronizada pela Instituição. Constatou-se que 19 ações se enquadram como possíveis violações por imprudência e 9 ações, como erros induzidos pelo sistema. Conclusão: A segurança dos pacientes depende do processo de comunicação, do registro adequado das informações e do monitoramento propriamente dito no uso dos medicamentos. / Background: Errors involving medications occur frequently in hospitals, they are multidisciplinary and can occur at many stages of drug therapy. Objectives: Assess the seriousness, the type and drugs involved in medication errors reported on Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Checking the quality of the reports obtained by the notification tools available in the institution. Classifying errors by decision tree for unsafe acts, when applicable. Methods: The sample consisted of 165 notifications. The errors identified were classified according to the seriousness, type and pharmacological class. We analyzed 114 notifications, in which an error has occurred, as to the quality of information. The quality was evaluated considering the items recommended by ANVISA. The decision tree for unsafe acts was used to identify individual or systemic factors in the errors reported. Results: Although a greater number of notifications reported in 2011 compared to 2010, there was no significant change in the profile of seriousness of these events. The errors occurred during the process, have in some situations, new medication errors associated with it. The most common type of error is the prescription error (40%). In 114 reports, 122 medication errors were cited. The content of notifications showed that all items recommended by ANVISA were present, but reported at different frequencies. The characterization of unsafe acts were performed with 30 notifications from a standardized form by the institution. We verified that 19 actions were classified as potential violations recklessness and 9 actions, such as errors induced by the system. Conclusion: Patient safety depends on the communication process, the suitable recording of information and monitoring the appropiate use of medicines.

Orientador: Eni Puccinelli Orlandi / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T22:06:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigues_Felipe_M.pdf: 675827 bytes, checksum: cfc83460ff24a7ff631a5aa694ec13b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a amplitude com que a reportagem pode ser tratada em livros-reportagem. A análise é sobre os livros "Abusado", de Caco Barcellos, e "Cidade Partida", de Zuenir Ventura, com possibilidades de cobrir a violência do país de uma maneira melhor contextualizada. Grandes reportagens em livros em que a pauta pode ser mais extensa, o que permite projetar angulações que possam localizar os conflitos existentes em qualquer assunto de interesse jornalístico; uma captação mais aprofundada, que possa compreender os entrevistados, além de farta documentação para embasar hipóteses e ajudar nas investigações. O texto pode conter recursos de linguagem específicos da literatura, em uma interface que enriquece a descrição e a narração das matérias. Reportagens que possam escapar dos arquétipos construídos pela mídia convencional, presa à periodicidade e interesses comerciais / Abstract: The objective of this research is analyse the amplitude that the reporting can be treated in the reporting-books. The analysis is about the books "Abusado", from Caco Barcellos and "Cidade Partida", from Zuenir Ventura, with possibilities to cover the country's violence in a less simplistic and more human way. Great reportings in books, where the guide line can be more extensive, what allouds to project angles that may locate the existences conflicts in any subject with journalistic interest; a deeper capture, that may understand the interviewees, besides all the documentation to embase hyphotesis and help in the investigations. The text may contain language resources specifiques from literature, in an interface that enrichs the descrition and the narration of the news. Reportings that can scape from the archetypes builds by the conventional midia, arrested to periodicity and comercials interests / Mestrado / Divulgação Científica e Cultural / Mestre em Divulgação Científica e Cultural

Este trabalho tenta identificar a emergência de um modelo de reportagem radiofônica possível. A malha discursiva mostra a constituição de um produto jornalístico de rádio que chamo de peça radiofônica reportagem. De um lado, representa a posse dos preceitos do jornalismo, sobretudo o interpretativo e, de outro, reúne as possibilidades sonoras do rádio, a ponto de torná-lo um meio de expressão. Para chegar a isso, dividi o trabalho em cinco capítulos, em que se desenvolve: uma linha histórica da reportagem no rádio brasileiro (1); as bases teóricas, em forma de revisão bibliográfica, sobre a notícia e a reportagem, para desembocar na reportagem para o rádio (2); a formulação de uma constituição própria de reportagem para o rádio, a peça radiofônica reportagem, acompanhada de um modelo de análise a ser aplicado (3); a aplicação da análise em duas reportagens de emissoras que tratam de notícia o tempo todo (4); e a aplicação da mesma em três reportagens que representam um formato do gênero peça radiofônica reportagem (5). Uma linha do tempo, apoiada em estudos e documentos da história do rádio brasileiro, demonstra atraso em alguns importantes momentos da chegada de novas tecnologias para o meio, retardando sua aplicação e o desenvolvimento de uma linguagem forte e segura. Mostro que os brasileiros que estabeleceram o rádio e seus meios de produção não eram super-heróis cheios de grandes ideias, como a história oficial nos faz ver. Ao contrário, eram improvisadores, desconhecedores da tecnologia e da linguagem. Confirmavam, nos anos 20 e 30 do século XX, que ao brasileiro bastava a cópia do que vinha de fora e a solução de problemas na base do improviso. A parte dedicada à Teoria do Jornalismo inicia-se com uma discussão sobre gênero e formato e seus significados para diferentes teóricos. Faço isso antes de caminhar pelos conceitos de notícia e reportagem. Na revisão bibliográfica sobre a reportagem no rádio, baseio-me em literatura especializada para chegar à minha concepção de peça radiofônica reportagem, esta apoiada em conceitos de silêncio, sons e ruídos, música e palavra subjetiva, sobretudo narração impressionista por parte do repórter. Demonstro a necessidade e a possibilidade de que a peça radiofônica reportagem seja aplicada em nossas emissoras e equipes de jornalismo no rádio. Este estudo define um modelo aberto de análise de reportagens, aplicado subjetivamente em 5 reportagens: \"Médicos faltam em unidades de pronto atendimento\", de Priscila Moraes, para a Rádio CBN; \"Empresas não se adaptam a expor impostos em nota fiscal\", de Michele Trombelli, para a rádio BandNews FM; \"Made in Bajo Flores\", do argentino Lalo Recanatini; \"Wet\", do britânico radicado no Brasil Gibby Zobel para a BBC; e \"N.N.\", da canadense radicada na Colômbia Nadja Drost para a Radio Ambulante. Este trabalho tenta apontar, com justificativas acadêmicas e práticas, a possibilidade tornar o jornalismo falado - e, no caso que apresento, sonorizado para o rádio - mais criativo, vivo, atualizado em forma e conteúdo, conectado com nosso tempo. / This research aims at trying to identify the appearance of a possible model of radio reporting. The discursive mesh shows the constitution of a radio journalistic product that I call radio reporting piece. On one side, it represents the possession of journalistic principles, chiefly the interpretative one. On the other side, it gathers the sound possibilities of the radio to the extent of turning it into a means of expression. To reach these notions, I divided the work in five chapters, in which a historical line of the Brazilian radio reporting is developed; the theoretical basis of news and report, which was meant to reach the radio reporting in the form of bibliographic review, the formulation of the radio reporting own structure: the radio reporting piece, followed by a model of analysis to be applied; application of the analysis to 3 reports that represent a format to the genre of the radio reporting piece. The timeline, based on studies and documents of the history of Brazilian radio, in some important moments shows a delay in the arrival of new technologies to the radio, postponing the application and slowing down the development of a strong and safe language. I demonstrate that the Brazilians who established the radio and its means of production were not super-heroes full of great ideas as the official history attempts to make us regard so. Otherwise, they were improvisers, unknowledgeable about the technology and the language, confirming that, in the 1920s and 1930s, it was enough to get the copy of what came from abroad and the solution of problems in the basis of improvisation. I aim at undermining the current discourse that considers the Brazilian history and the radio history side by side. The part that is dedicated to the Theory of Journalism begins with a discussion on genre and format and its meanings to different theorists, before considering the concepts of news and reporting. In the bibliographical review of what has been written about radio reporting, I base myself on the specialized literature to get to my conception of radio reporting piece, supported by concepts of silence; objectivity; sounds and din; music and subjective word, mainly impressionist narration of the reporter. While ending the defense of the pertinence of the radio reporting piece, I demonstrate the necessity and the possibilities of this model of the radio reporting piece to be applied to our stations and the radio staff groups. The study defines an open model of report analysis, applied subjectively to 5 reports: \"Lack of doctors at units of urgent care\", by Priscila Moraes, from Radio CBN; \"Enterprises do not adapt to expose taxes at invoice\", by Michele Trombelli, from BandNews FM; \"Made in Bajo Flores\", by the Argentinian Lalo Recanatini; \"Wet\", by the British rooted in Brazil Gibby Zobel to the BBC; and \"N.N.\", by the Canadian rooted in Colombia Nadja Drost, from Radio Ambulante. This research attempts to point out, with the academic and practical justification, the possibility of turning the spoken journalism - and in this case I present it, resounded to the radio - more creative, alive, updated on form and content, connected to our time.

Submitted by João Arthur Martins (joao.arthur@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-05T17:55:38Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação. José Alexander Benavides Tutillo.pdf: 4818067 bytes, checksum: e5eed884c5fbc92a89ba7363566787db (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T17:55:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação. José Alexander Benavides Tutillo.pdf: 4818067 bytes, checksum: e5eed884c5fbc92a89ba7363566787db (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-02 / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os indicadores de sustentabilidade da Global Reporting Initiative nas empresas do setor de lavanderia de jeans na cidade de Toritama a fim de que as informações obtidas possam auxiliar outras empresas do setor a descobrir oportunidades de Desenvolvimento Sustentável e transformá-las em vantagem competitiva. Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico apresentando a evolução da Responsabilidade Social Corporativa e Sustentabilidade assim como as normas, certificações e iniciativas voluntárias no contexto mundial e brasileiro que estão ligadas a estes conceitos. Em seguida, foi apresentada a estrutura da Global Reporting Initiative assim como as características do setor de estudo. Posteriormente, a partir dos dados coletados com um questionário tomando como referência o número mínimo de indicadores GRI para publicação de relatórios de sustentabilidade em treze empresas que participaram da pesquisa, foram identificadas as principais limitações que as empresas entrevistadas enfrentam na implementação de estratégias sustentáveis, bem como os resultados que as mesmas esperam ao implantar estas estratégias. Observou-se também que, embora exista desconhecimento do termo sustentabilidade, algumas práticas relativas a desenvolvimento sustentável têm sido adotadas por várias organizações, como por exemplo, o controle de materiais usados no processo produtivo, de emissões atmosféricas produzidas pelas operações e controle de descarte de água dos processos de lavanderia e tinturaria, assim como o controle de investimentos e gastos em proteção ambiental.

Sustainability reporting is becoming increasingly important, and governments and stock exchanges of many countries require or strongly encourage businesses to provide some level of sustainability reporting. South Africa is one of few emerging market economies and the only country in Africa which show substantial sustainability reporting activities. In South Africa, sustainable development has been recognised at a constitutional and legislative level. Companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) must integrate sustainability reporting with financial reporting, or explain why they are not complying. Establishing a suitable sustainability reporting framework should therefore be part of the strategic integration of sustainability with other aspects of organisational planning and decision-making. This study suggests such a framework of standards and indicators for sustainability reporting in South African businesses, and evaluates it in South African listed companies. Mixed methods research was used in two phases. In phase 1, a critical analysis of the literature produced a framework of standards and indicators to be used as a measure to evaluate sustainability reporting in South Africa. In phase 2, first hand, original data was collected by performing a quantitative content analysis of sustainability reports of 84 companies listed on the Johannesburg stock exchange with the aim to identify standards and indicators that are applied in the content of sustainability reports in South Africa. Quantitative content analysis involves analysing material and then classifying it into various coding units or themes found in the material - it is a systematic way of converting text to numerical variables for quantitative data analysis.

Rapporten inleds med en beskrivning av WM-datas Network Management struktur och Reporting Management behov. Därefter följer en beskrivning av de två analys tekniker Datamining och On Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) vilka är de mest använda databasbaserade tekniker. Verktyget Tivoli Decision Support (TDS) är ett stödssystem som ska underlätta för beslutsfattare inom organisationen. TDS baseras på OLAP ? tekniken och rapporten visar avslutningsvis de möjligheter som verktyget ger avseende WM-datas Reporting Management. / Christine Svensson 0454-14926 Susanne Strandberg 0456-22824

Background: Drug administration is a main duty of a nurse’s clinical role. It involves great risk in patients’ lives and can potentially cause great harm. Despite many safeguards, preventable medication errors still occur. The aim of this descriptive quantitative study is to explore geriatric nurses’ perceptions of medication errors, perceived causes and their reporting behaviours. Methods: A self- report standardized survey was used to collect data from a purpose sample of nurses (n=17) working on geriatric wards at the Montfort hospital located in the province of Ontario. Data entry and analysis were done by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 12 and presented using frequencies, number and percentage. Results: The most frequently identified causes of medication errors were failure to check patient’s name band with the patient’s medication administration record (MAR), nurses' tiredness, illegible physician handwriting, and nurses’ miscalculations of medication doses. In general, nurses were usually sure of constitutes a medication error and when to report it. However, only 30% of errors were perceived by nurses to be reported to the nurse manager. More than half (64.7%) of participants perceived that, some errors are not reported because nurses are afraid of the reaction they will receive from the nurse manager and the majority of them will notify the physician than to complete an incident report. Conclusion: Recognizing a medication error is the first step to reduce report and eliminate them, especially in acute care settings. Finding suggests that nurses need more educational reenforcement as to various issues related to medication errors, particularly defining and reporting these errors. Furthermore, the introduction of hospital policies and the development of structured protocols on drug administration may decrease medication errors. The hospital administration system needs to stress the importance of reporting errors and adopt a non-punitive approach to safeguard patient safety.

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are common and should be reported to the CSM, particularly for newly marketed drugs. There is under-reporting of ADRs by doctors. Involving the patient in self-reporting, particularly when initiated by pharmacists is feasible and could help to improve reporting rates. This study investigated a comprehensive checklist questionnaire listed symptoms in all body systems to facilitate patient self-reporting using both established and new 'black triangle' centrally-acting drugs. Symptoms reported were compared to their documentation in medical notes and for new drugs to reports from other sources. A novel classification system for ADRs was developed to take account of the minimal data available and used to evaluate the potential accuracy of symptom attribution by patients. An external comparison of a sample of symptom classifications by an ADR expert was also obtained. The questionnaire was sent to 464 patients prescribed carbamazepine, sodium valproate, trazodone, doxepin and co-proxamol from three participating medical practices in a pilot study. Subsequently, it was sent to all patients (n=2307) prescribed tramadol, fentanyl patch, venlafaxine, nefazodone, citalopram, moclobemide, gabapentin, lamotrigine and topiramate from 79 participating medical practices in Grampian during January-March 1997. The overall response rates were 44.6% (n=207) for the pilot study and 36.3% (n=837) for the main study. The most frequently reported symptoms were: drowsiness for carbamazepine, unusual tiredness for sodium valproate, constipation for co-proxamol, dry mouth for trazodone, doxepin, tramadol, venlafaxine, nefazodone, moclobemide and citalopram, weight gain for gabapentin, loss of memory for lamotrigine, weight loss for topiramate and constipation for fentanyl patch. Overall only 22.4% (522/2330) of symptoms reported by patients were recorded by GPs in the 310 medical notes accessed. In general, common symptoms were reported more frequently by patients than in CSM reports and PEM data. Patients tended to report minor and known ADRs which bothered them, while CSM and PEM reports received were of more severe ADRs. Respondents were more likely to report symptoms (6040/8630,70%) potentially caused by the study drugs than those not to be caused by the study drugs. Moderate agreement (Kappa = 0.4-0.5) was found between expert and researcher classifications of symptom causality. It is suggested that interpretation by pharmacists of patient self-reporting using the checklist questionnaire could result in much higher ADR reporting rates, in particular for new drugs.

Class of 2012 Abstract / Specific Aims: To explore whether publishing requirements for human-centered randomized control trials, particularly the CONSORT criteria, have any relationship to impact as measured by the Journal Citation Reports ™ Impact Factor. Methods: A worksheet was used to evaluate a methodically selected list of journals, including types of articles published, requirements of authors for human-focused randomized control trials, JCR Impact Factor and other JCR metrics for each specific journal title. A worksheet was filled out for each journal by each member of the research team and answers combined for consensus. Group means and SDs were calculated and the Student’s t-Test applied to values for selected journals. Main Results: 50 candidate pharmacy journals were identified and 41 met the criteria for publishing human-centered randomized control trials. Journals were grouped according to whether they required CONSORT or had other reporting requirements for human RCTs, or had no requirements for such studies. Few (6; 15%) pharmacy journals required authors to use CONSORT; and additional 15 (37%) journals provided as least some author guidelines similar to CONSORT. Pharmacy journals using CONSORT or other guidelines had a higher average impact factor (3.5; SD = 1.5) than did journals without guidelines (2.4; SD = 0.9; p = 0.007). Conclusions: There appears to be a statistical difference in average JCR metrics between journals which require specific RCT guidelines and those which do not. The use of reporting guidelines, such as CONSORT, by pharmacy journals is associated with increased impact as represented by JCR influence measures.

M.Comm. (International Accounting) / Globalisation is causing a convergence of economic, trading, political and social processes. As a result, geographical boundaries are becoming less significant in the world of business and accounting as most countries around the world have chosen to adopt a common language: International Financial Reporting Standards (hereafter IFRS). The problem is that most of the countries on the African continent have yet to become part of this global conversation as there are serious challenges hindering the adoption of IFRS. The primary objective of this study was to discuss the challenges that continue to hinder the effective adoption of IFRS in the majority of African countries. The objective of the study was explored through the review of: i) current international accounting structures and how Africa fits in; ii) the benefits of adopting IFRS; iii) the current status of IFRS in Africa; and iv) challenges faced by countries in Africa that have already adopted IFRS. An empirical study consisting of a questionnaire (distributed to 35 registered accounting bodies in Africa) and interviews with significant individuals in the international accounting profession were also utilised to meet the objective of the study and the results were analysed and discussed in detail. It was concluded that there are many challenges that continue to hinder the adoption of IFRS in the majority of countries on the African continent and structures are currently being put into place in order that these challenges may be addressed.