For a compact, nowhere dense set X in the complex plane, C, define Rp(X) as the closure of the rational functions with poles off X in Lp(X, dA). It is well known that for 1 ≤ p < 2, Rp(X) = Lp(X) . Although density may not be achieved for p > 2, there exists a set X so that Rp(X) = Lp(X) for p up to a given number greater than 2 but not after. Additionally, when p > 2 we shall establish that the support of the annihiliating and representing measures for Rp(X) lies almost everywhere on the set of bounded point evaluations of X.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T18:11:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Nesta dissertação de mestrado, procuro mostrar a contribuição de determinadas concepções de organização textual para a representação do texto realizada pelo modelo da Rhetorical Structure Theory – RST (Mann; Thompson, 1988). A RST é uma teoria que explica a estrutura textual por meio de um modelo de relações que se estabelecem, recursivamente, entre partes do texto consideradas pelo analista como núcleos e satélites. Porém, apesar de abarcar a coerência retórica relacional, a RST, como teoria, não lida com outras concepções que dêem conta do processo complexo de organização textual. Dessa forma, como modelo, ela representa o texto de forma limitada. Neste trabalho, investigo a possibilidade de a RST ser associada a determinadas concepções de organização textual, como a relação entre texto e contexto e o processo estratégico top-down de formação do texto. Para tanto, realizo uma investigação em duas partes: uma teórica e uma de análise. Na parte teórica, apresento um quadro teórico que embasa as concepções de / In this master’s degree paper work, I aim to show the contribution of some conceptions of textual organization to the text representing process carried out by Rhetorical Structure Theory – RST (Mann; Thompson, 1988). RST is a theory that explains the text structure by postulating a model of relations which recursively hold between parts of text labeled nucleus or satellite by the analyst. However, even accounting for the rhetorical relational coherence, RST, as a theory, doesn’t include other conceptions to account for the complex process of textual organization. Thus, as a model, it produces a limited text representation. In this paper work, I investigate the possibility of associating RST with some conceptions of textual organization, like the relationship between text and context and the top-down strategic process of text construction. To do so, I carry out an investigation in two parts: a theoretical one and an analytical one. In the theoretical part, I show a theoretical framework that supports the conce

It is difficult to deny the ubiquitous nature of our mediated landscape in the United States. With the plethora of mediated messages come media related risks for children. Training in media literacy is one way to combat these risks. Unfortunately, most American public school media literacy standards are in need of improvement. This project examines how media literacy functions in American K-12 public schools. It not only applies a standard of assessment for media literacy standards, but also provides a synopsis of the range of advanced to poor programs across the country. Then, suggestions for improving lacking programs are revealed in a case study on Texas’ advanced media literacy program.

Knowledge about actions is an important part of commonsense knowledge studied in Artificial Intelligence. For decades, researchers have been developing methods for describing how actions affect states of the world and for automating reasoning about actions. In recent years, significant progress has been made. In particular, the frame problem has been solved using nonmonotonic knowledge representation formalisms, such as logic programming under the answer set semantics. New theories of causality have allowed us to express causal dependencies between fluents, which has proved essential for solving the ramification problem. It has been shown that reasoning about actions described by logic programs and causal theories can be automated using answer set programming. Action description languages are high level languages that allow us to represent knowledge about actions more concisely than when logic programs are used. Many action description languages have been described in the literature, including B, C, and C+. Reasoning about dynamic domains described in languages C and C+ can be performed automatically using the Causal Calculator (CCalc), which employs SAT solvers for search, and the systems coala and cplus2asp, which employ answer set solvers such as clingo. The dissertation addresses problems of three kinds. First, we study some mathematical properties of expressive action languages based on nonmonotonic causal logic that were not well understood until now. This includes causal rules expressing synonymy, nondefinite causal rules, and nonpropositional causal rules. We generalize existing translations from nonmonotonic causal theories to logic programming under the answer set semantics. This makes it possible to automate reasoning with a wider class of causal theories by calling answer set solvers. Second, we design and study a new action language BC, which is more expressive in some ways than the existing and previously proposed languages. We develop a framework that combines the most useful expressive features of the languages B and C+, and use program completion to characterize the effects of actions described in these languages. Third, we illustrate the possibilities of the new action language by two practical applications: to the dynamic domain of the Reactive Control System of the space shuttle, and to the task planning of mobile robots. / text

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This thesis is a guidebook to the complex networks of representations in the Cob Mayan Jungle Adventure and Cob Mayan Village tours in Mexicos Mayan Riviera. Sold to tourists as opportunities to encounter an authentic Mayan culture and explore the ancient ruins at Cob, these excursions exemplify the crossroads at which touristic and Western scientific discourses construct a Mayan Other, and can therefore be scrutinized as staged post-colonial encounters mediated by scriptural and performative economies: the Museum of Maya Culture (Castaneda) and the scenario of discovery (Taylor). Tourist and Maya are not discrete identities but rather inter-related performances: the Maya become mysterious and jungle-connected while the tourist plays the modernized adventurer/discoverer. However, the tours foundations ultimately crumble due to uncanny and partial representations. As the roles and narratives that present the Maya as indigenous Other fracture, so too do those that construct the tourist as authoritative consumer of cultural differentiation.

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Jane Austen (1775- 1817) vécut à une période de ruptures politiques, économiques et sociales sur lesquelles se greffèrent des expériences de la séparation sur les plans familiaux, personnels mais également professionnels et littéraires qui engendrèrent un sentiment de déchirure, sinon conscient, du moins profond. Le sentiment de la déliquescence du lien social et le besoin conséquent de liant qui émanent de ses 9 romans sont le reflet littéraire de ces expériences initiales fortes de la déliaison. De ce constat – navré – de la fragmentation du monde résulte l’élaboration d’une véritable éthique de l’attachement qui témoigne d’une préoccupation centrale pour les notions de sociabilité, de bienveillance et de politesse. Celles-ci définissent le souci d’autrui comme la voie tant de l’harmonie sociale que de la félicité et de la moralité, mettant en avant le rôle essentiel de la médiation d’autrui dans la constitution du sujet et établissant Austen non seulement en véritable romancière de l’union mais en romancière conservatrice. Cependant, chez Austen, le maillage se fait également procédé d’écriture, relevant d’une volonté de structuration, d’ordre et de contrôle scripturaux, qui, si elle accorde une place de choix au lien avec le lecteur, n’est pas sans présenter des ambivalences conséquentes. Le maillage ne cacherait-il pas autre chose qu’un besoin de relier le monde ? Ne participerait-il pas, au final, à définir Austen comme une romancière de l’Ego, travaillée par la notion de désir et partageant notamment les préoccupations de ses contemporains romantiques ? / Our project is to offer an analysis of the nine major works of English novelist Jane Austen. Austen (1775-1817) lived through a time of political, economic and social changes, on top of which came further personal and professional experiences of loss and separation which led to an overwhelming sense of fragmentation. As to counter what she deemed a serious threat to her world, Austen thus elaborates a profound ethics of attachment, testifying to a real concern for the notions of sociability, sympathy and politeness, which bears striking similarities with Shaftesbury’s philosophy. Concern for others is defined as the only real path towards social harmony, personal felicity and morality, underlining the centrality of social relationships in Austen’s representation of the individual. However, we will throw light on the complexity and problems of such representation, so as to show how instrumental those ambivalences are in defining Austen actually as a novelist of the « I », preoccupied with the notion of personal desire and sharing the concerns of her Romantic contemporaries as early as Northanger Abbey and Sense and Sensibility.

Word sense disambiguation (WSD) is the process of computationally identifying and labeling poly- semous words in context with their correct meaning, known as a sense. WSD is riddled with various obstacles that must be overcome in order to reach its full potential. One of these problems is the aspect of the representation of word meaning. Traditional WSD algorithms make the assumption that a word in a given context has only one meaning and therfore can return only one discrete sense. On the other hand, a novel approach is that a given word can have multiple senses. Studies on graded word sense assignment (Erk et al., 2009) as well as in cognitive science (Hampton, 2007; Murphy, 2002) support this theory. It has therefore been adopted in a novel, paraphrasing system which performs word sense disambiguation by returning a probability distribution over potential paraphrases (in this case synonyms) of a given word. However, it is unknown how well this type of algorithm fares against the traditional one. The current study thus examines if and how it is possible to make a comparison of the two. A method of comparison is evaluated and subsequently rejected. Reasons for this as well as suggestions for a fair and accurate comparison are presented.