Nas últimas décadas, a provisão de habitação de interesse social tem apresentado uma crescente complexidade, envolvendo uma rede intrincada de relações entre os diversos agentes e o Estado, que operam de maneira fragmentada. Neste contexto, existe a necessidade de gerenciar os requisitos dos clientes de forma a processar e disponibilizar as informações adequadas para apoiar a tomada de decisão no processo de desenvolvimento do produto. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é propor uma sistemática para o processamento de requisitos dos clientes de empreendimentos habitacionais de interesse social, a fim de aumentar a satisfação dos usuários dos mesmos. O método de pesquisa foi dividido em três etapas: (a) estruturação dos requisitos; (b) ponderação dos requisitos; e (c) estudo da aplicabilidade do desdobramento da função qualidade (QFD). Primeiramente, buscou-se uma maneira de estruturar os principais fatores que afetaram a satisfação dos usuários de nove empreendimentos habiacionais, a fim de propiciar maior entendimento dos seus principais requisitos. Na segunda etapa, buscou-se analisar e comparar as diferentes percepções desses agentes para entender como esses perceberam os principais requisitos dos usuários, estruturados na etapa anterior. A última etapa buscou utilizar a matriz da qualidade do QFD no processamento de requisitos de cliente no contexto da HIS, com o objetivo de propor adaptações necessárias dessa ferramenta para sua aplicação neste contexto. O desenvolvimento dessa dissertação possibilitou a proposta de uma sistemática para o processamento dos requisitos dos clientes. A análise individual dos principais intervenientes auxiliou no processamento de dados, com o qual formam desenvolvidos dispositivos visuais que auxiliaram na sistematização dessas informações, possibilitando análises diversas. A aplicação da matriz da qualidade do QFD propiciou a oportunidade de um processamento integrado, à medida que os dados dos usuários e dos agentes puderam ser analisados conjuntamente, possibilitando um fechamento das etapas anteriores. / In the last few decades, the provision of social housing has become more complex, involving a network of relationships between several stakeholders and the government, which tend to operate in a fragmented way. In this context, it is necessary to manage client requirements, in order to process and make available suitable information for supporting decision making in the product development process. The main objective of this research work is to devise a protocol for client requirements processing in social housing projects, with the ultimate aim to increase the degree of users´ satisfaction. The research method was divided into three stages: (a) structuring of requirements; (b) weighing requirements; and (c) study of the applicability of quality function deployment (QFD). Initially, a method for structuring the main factors that affect the users´ satisfaction in nine housing projects was devised, in order to improve the understanding about their requirements. In the second stage, the different perceptions of the construction professionals involved in the product development process on the users´ requirements were analysed and compared. In the last stage, the QFD quality matrix was used for processing requirements, with the aim of proposing adaptations of that tool to the context of social housing. The individual analysis of construction professionals supported the processing of data that were used to produce visual devices, making it possible the development of several analises. The application of a QFD matrix created the opportunity for further processing clients’ requirements, since data from the users and from the construction professionals were analysed together, providing an opportunity to integrate data produced in the previous stages.

Devido a fatores como o longo tempo de desenvolvimento e a elevada quantidade de clientes envolvidos, existem dificuldades para realizar a gestão dos requisitos dos clientes do processo de projeto de ambientes construídos. Na busca por alternativas para solucionar tais dificuldades, esta pesquisa explora conceitos e práticas de Gestão de Requisitos (GR) provenientes de outras áreas de conhecimento, em especial da engenharia de software (ES). O objetivo da pesquisa é apresentar diretrizes para integrar a GR ao processo de projeto, tendo em vista contribuir com o acompanhamento da evolução e no controle dos requisitos dos clientes. Uma versão preliminar das diretrizes foi desenvolvida com base na revisão bibliográfica e nos resultados de um estudo de caso exploratório. Posteriormente, as mesmas foram aplicadas com ênfase nos requisitos ambientais identificados em um segundo estudo de caso, o qual permitiu o refinamento e a proposta final das diretrizes. Tais diretrizes são formadas por duas premissas e nove atividades. As premissas são condicionantes a serem atendidos pelas empresas para a realização das atividades da GR. As atividades, por sua vez, são desdobramentos das quatro etapas da GR (identificação de requisitos, análise e priorização, especificação e validação) e repetem-se ciclicamente ao longo das fases do processo de projeto, podendo ser implantadas com o apoio de boas práticas. Embora as diretrizes sejam aplicáveis à gestão de quaisquer tipos de requisitos, existem particularidades intrínsecas na gestão de cada tipo (sociais, econômicos e ambientais, por exemplo). No caso desta pesquisa, foi enfatizada a investigação das peculiaridades referentes aos requisitos ambientais identificados no empreendimento do segundo estudo de caso. A principal contribuição teórica desta pesquisa é a proposta de diretrizes para a GR suficientemente generalizáveis para aplicação em diferentes modelos de processo de projeto e diferentes tipos de requisitos. Do ponto de vista prático, os resultados evidenciaram que as diretrizes contribuem para a gestão sistemática dos requisitos, uma atividade que é normalmente realizada de modo informal no processo de projeto. / Long development period and a high number of stakeholders with different demands consist in some of the majors difficulties to be managed along the building design process. This research explores the Requirements Management (RM) concepts and practices from areas as software engineering as an alternative to solve some managerial problems. The aim is to present guidelines to integrate RM in the building design process, viewing the improvement of requirements traceability and control. The guidelines draft was based on literature review and on the results of an exploratory case study. Afterwards the guidelines draft was tested through a second case study, with emphasis on the project environmental requirements. This application promoted the guidelines improvement into their final configuration. The guidelines are based on two premises and nine activities. Premises are conditions which should be accomplished before the activities implementation. The activities are refinements of the four RM steps (requirements elicitation, analysis and prioritization, specification and validation) and they should be cyclically performed through the design process, using adequate good practices. Although guidelines may be useful to the management of any type of requirements, there are particular features to manage each of them (e. g. social, economical environmental). In this research, environmental requirements from the main case study were emphasized. The main theoretical contribution of this research is the proposition of guidelines which are generic enough to be performed through different design process models and different types of requirements. From a practical standpoint, the results indicated that the guidelines have contributed to the systematic RM in design process, an activity that is often informally performed in design process.

O processamento dos requisitos é um processo que visa o atendimento dos requisitos dos envolvidos em um projeto. Especificamente em projetos de ambientes construídos, é importante devido à natureza complexa, iterativa e ao grande número de envolvidos. Apesar de ser um tema explorado há muitas décadas, o processamento de requisitos ainda é pouco conhecido pelos profissionais da área, e seus problemas e dificuldades são essencialmente associados à falta de procedimentos estruturados e à pouca adequação das ferramentas de suporte. Esta tese objetiva trazer contribuições para a implementação de melhorias no processamento dos requisitos de projetos de ambientes construídos, a partir das percepções dos profissionais que desenvolvem tais projetos. Para tanto, este objetivo geral foi subdividido em quatro objetivos específicos: (i) propor uma caracterização das etapas e uma definição dos conceitos-chave relacionados ao processamento dos requisitos em projetos de ambientes construídos; (ii) verificar quais são as técnicas e ferramentas mais utilizadas tacitamente pelos profissionais para processar requisitos, bem como o interesse dos mesmos em utilizar técnicas e ferramentas mais sofisticadas; (iii) investigar a eficiência das técnicas e ferramentas utilizadas tacitamente para processar requisitos sob a ótica dos profissionais, bem como identificar quais são as principais dificuldades que enfrentam; e (iv) propor e testar preliminarmente soluções para sanar as lacunas identificadas nas etapas de priorização de requisitos e definição de soluções de projeto. A pesquisa foi estruturada no formato de 5 artigos científicos. O primeiro e o segundo, visam atender ao objetivo (i), através de uma revisão sistemática e da proposta de um mapa cognitivo, respectivamente. O terceiro e o quarto artigos exploram através de um estudo de caso exploratório e de uma survey, respectivamente, as práticas tácitas de processamento de requisitos e as dificuldades dos profissionais, atendendo assim aos objetivos (ii) e (iii). O quinto artigo apresenta a aplicação de dois métodos matemáticos como alternativas para atender ao objetivo específico (iv). Como resultados, foi possível realizar uma caracterização do processamento de requisitos, além de apontar caminhos para as melhorias através do diagnóstico das práticas já existentes, das dificuldades dos profissionais e da proposta de novas ferramentas. A principal conclusão é de que o sucesso na implementação de melhorias, tanto através do melhoramento de técnicas que já são utilizadas na rotina dos profissionais, como de ferramentas mais complexas, depende da prévia compreensão das dificuldades no ambiente onde os projetos são desenvolvidos, e do investimento na capacitação das pessoas. / The requirements processing is a process aimed at meeting the stakeholder’s requirements. Specifically in building design, it is important due to the complex and iterative nature, and to the large number of stakeholders. Despite being studied for decades, the requirements processing is still little known by practitioners, and their problems and difficulties are mainly associated with the lack of structured procedures and little adequacy of support tools. This thesis aims to bring contributions to the implementation of improvements in the requirements processing in building design, from the perceptions of the professionals who develop such projects. Therefore, this general objective was subdivided into four specific objectives: (i) to propose a characterization of the steps and a definition of the key concepts related to the requirements processing in building design; (ii) to verify what are the techniques and tools most commonly used by professionals to process requirements, as well as the interest of those in the use of more sophisticated techniques and tools; (iii) to investigate the efficiency of the techniques and tools used to process tacitly requirements from the perspective of the practitioners, as well as identify what are the main problems they face; and (iv) to propose and test preliminary solutions to remedy the difficulties identified in the prioritization of requirements and the definition of design solutions. The thesis was structured in 5 scientific articles. The first and the second, aim to meet the objective (i) through a systematic review and a proposal of a cognitive map, respectively. The third and fourth articles explore, through an exploratory case study and a survey, respectively, the tacit practices of processing requirements and the difficulties of professionals, thus meeting the objectives (ii) and (iii). The fifth article presents the application of two methods as alternatives to meet the objective (iv). As a result, it was possible to make a characterization of the requirements processing in building design, and to indicate a way for improvements through the diagnosis of existing practices, the difficulties of practitioners and the new tools proposed. The main conclusion is that the successful implementation of improvements, both by improving techniques that are already used in the routine of professionals, as more complex tools depends on the prior understanding of the difficulties in the environment where the projects are developed, and investment in training people.

Nas últimas décadas, a provisão de habitação de interesse social tem apresentado uma crescente complexidade, envolvendo uma rede intrincada de relações entre os diversos agentes e o Estado, que operam de maneira fragmentada. Neste contexto, existe a necessidade de gerenciar os requisitos dos clientes de forma a processar e disponibilizar as informações adequadas para apoiar a tomada de decisão no processo de desenvolvimento do produto. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é propor uma sistemática para o processamento de requisitos dos clientes de empreendimentos habitacionais de interesse social, a fim de aumentar a satisfação dos usuários dos mesmos. O método de pesquisa foi dividido em três etapas: (a) estruturação dos requisitos; (b) ponderação dos requisitos; e (c) estudo da aplicabilidade do desdobramento da função qualidade (QFD). Primeiramente, buscou-se uma maneira de estruturar os principais fatores que afetaram a satisfação dos usuários de nove empreendimentos habiacionais, a fim de propiciar maior entendimento dos seus principais requisitos. Na segunda etapa, buscou-se analisar e comparar as diferentes percepções desses agentes para entender como esses perceberam os principais requisitos dos usuários, estruturados na etapa anterior. A última etapa buscou utilizar a matriz da qualidade do QFD no processamento de requisitos de cliente no contexto da HIS, com o objetivo de propor adaptações necessárias dessa ferramenta para sua aplicação neste contexto. O desenvolvimento dessa dissertação possibilitou a proposta de uma sistemática para o processamento dos requisitos dos clientes. A análise individual dos principais intervenientes auxiliou no processamento de dados, com o qual formam desenvolvidos dispositivos visuais que auxiliaram na sistematização dessas informações, possibilitando análises diversas. A aplicação da matriz da qualidade do QFD propiciou a oportunidade de um processamento integrado, à medida que os dados dos usuários e dos agentes puderam ser analisados conjuntamente, possibilitando um fechamento das etapas anteriores. / In the last few decades, the provision of social housing has become more complex, involving a network of relationships between several stakeholders and the government, which tend to operate in a fragmented way. In this context, it is necessary to manage client requirements, in order to process and make available suitable information for supporting decision making in the product development process. The main objective of this research work is to devise a protocol for client requirements processing in social housing projects, with the ultimate aim to increase the degree of users´ satisfaction. The research method was divided into three stages: (a) structuring of requirements; (b) weighing requirements; and (c) study of the applicability of quality function deployment (QFD). Initially, a method for structuring the main factors that affect the users´ satisfaction in nine housing projects was devised, in order to improve the understanding about their requirements. In the second stage, the different perceptions of the construction professionals involved in the product development process on the users´ requirements were analysed and compared. In the last stage, the QFD quality matrix was used for processing requirements, with the aim of proposing adaptations of that tool to the context of social housing. The individual analysis of construction professionals supported the processing of data that were used to produce visual devices, making it possible the development of several analises. The application of a QFD matrix created the opportunity for further processing clients’ requirements, since data from the users and from the construction professionals were analysed together, providing an opportunity to integrate data produced in the previous stages.

This diploma thesis deals with the requirements engineering as one of the key areas of development of software applications. By requirements prospective users express their needs and goals which shall be achieved using the developed application. The correctness and completeness of the requirements is thus critical for the success of any software project. The main objective of this dissertation is determination of steps which must be made to improve quality of requirements on real software project in Czech financial institution. This is achieved by analysis of current requirements development process as well as by analysis of the sample of specific requirements. One part of the carried out analysis focuses also on the revision of actual settings of Atlassian JIRA application which is used for requirements management. Based on the analysis some crucial shortcomings are identified and steps for their elimination are introduced. This includes, inter alia, manual of how to specify correct requirements and checklists for different actors who work with requirements. The theoretical part gives a comprehensive overview of selected techniques and practices which are applicable for requirements gathering and analysis. Every mentioned technique is then evaluated from the perspective of its usability in the environment of large Czech bank. This overview can be useful both for junior analytics as a collection of best practices and for senior analytics as an overview of possible areas for their professional development.

Studien består av en jämförelse av det traditionella arbetssättet,vattenfallsmodellen, och den agila modellen. Studiens fokus ligger påatt undersöka skillnaderna som finns mellan modellerna när detkommer till kravhanteringen och hur man arbetar med att uppfyllakraven. Fokus ligger också på att undersöka varför vissa projektföredrar att arbeta efter vattenfallsmodellen, istället för att använda denagila modellen.Undersökningen består av en litteraturförstudie och semistruktureradeintervjuer med personer som har erfarenhet av båda modellerna.Resultatet av de semistrukturerade intervjuerna sammanställs ochjämförs med resultatet från undersökningen, detta för att kunna besvarafrågeställningarna.Resultatet visar att de skiljer sig markant i kravhanteringen och hur manarbetar med att uppfylla kraven i det olika modellerna.Detta bidrar till att det skiljer sig mycket vilken modell som föredras.Ett exempel som kom fram under intervjuerna är att inom vissa delar avmedicinbranschen så krävs det ett omfattade förarbete då det är olikalagar i olika länder.Det visa sig att statliga och privata verksamheter inte spelar in i valet avmodell utan att det som avgör vilken modell som föredras är vilken typav projekt. Vilken typ av miljö som projektet utförs i spelar också en storroll.Vattenfallsmodellen föredras i projekt som styrs av lagar och regelverkeller om det är väldigt specifika krav. Agila modellen föredras då det ärfriare projekt där lagar och regler inte måste tas i hänsyn på samma sätt. / The study consists of a comparison on the traditional way of working,the waterfall model, and the agile model. The focus of the study is toexamine the differences that exist between the models when it comes torequirements management and how to work to meet the requirements.The focus will also be on examine why some projects prefer to workaccording to the waterfall model, instead of switching to the agilemodel.The survey consists of a literature pre-study and semi-structuredinterviews with people who have experience of both models. The resultsthat where collected from the semi-structured interviews have beencompiled and compared whit the results which were collected from thesurvey in order to be able to answer the questions.The results show that they differ markedly in the requirementsmanagement and how to work with meeting the requirements in thedifferent models. This contributes to the fact that there is a lot ofdifference in which model that is preferred. An example that emergedduring the interviews was that in certain parts of the medical industry,extensive preparatory work is required as there are different laws indifferent countries.It turned out that government and private activities do not play a role inthe choice of model, but that what determines which model is preferredis the type of project. The type of environment in which the projectconsists also plays a major role.The waterfall model will be preferred in projects governed by laws andregulations or if there are very specific requirements. The agile model ispreferred when the projects is freer and where laws and regulations donot have to be taken into account in the same way.

This is a report for our thesis that was conducted as a conclusion of our bachelor degree in Business engineering at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH). The work is done in cooperation with the firm Navigate Consulting Business Solutions AB. They have their leading expertise in Oracle E-Business Suite and has previously chosen to implement Oracle EBS R12. The modules that are planned to be implemented are general ledger (GL), accounts payable (AP), accounts receivable (AR), project module (PA), purchases, and CRM. For a consulting company like Navigate, it is particularly important to have a simple and effective time reporting process. We were therefore asked to provide new tabs with a decision-making process to determine if Oracle Time & Labor (OTL) is a useful time tracking system for their business. In order to achieve the company´s aim and objective we decided to follow a development method with five different phases. The phases included a set of work steps that generated various documents, which gave us enough information to structure the entire company and helped us to create a clear picture of the organization and its structure. From this, we could work out a requirements document and then map those requirements to OTL. This resulted in a gap analysis where you can read the requirements that are handled by OTL and possible solutions to the requirements that OTL doesn´t handle. The result of this work is presented in process maps, a requirement specification, an use case documents, and a GAP analysis. / Detta är en rapport för vårt examensarbete som har genomförts som en avslutning på vår kandidatutbildning Affärssystem vid Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH). Arbetet är utfört i samarbete med företaget Navigate Consulting Business Solutions AB (Navigate). De har sin främsta expertis inom Oracle E-Business Suite och har sedan tidigare valt att implementera Oracle EBS R12 i sin verksamhet. De tänkta modulerna är Huvudbok(GL), Leverantörsreskontra(AP), Kundreskontra(AR), Projektmodul(PA), Inköp och CRM. För ett konsultföretag som Navigate är det särskilt viktigt att ha en enkel och fungerande tidrapportering. Vi fick därför i uppdrag att förse Navigate med ett beslutsunderlag för att de ska kunna avgöra om Oracle Time & Labor (OTL) är ett lämpligt tidrapporteringssystem för deras verksamhet. För att uppnå arbetets syfte och mål beslutade vi att följa en utvecklingsmetod med fem olika faser. Faser med arbetssteg som genererade olika dokument, som gav oss tillräcklig information för att strukturera upp hela företaget och lättare skapa en klar bild över organisationen och dess struktur. Utifrån detta kunde vi arbeta fram ett kravdokument och sedan mappa dessa krav mot OTL. Detta resulterade i en GAP analys där man kan läsa vilka krav som hanteras utav OTL samt eventuella lösningar till de krav som ej hanteras. Resultatet av detta arbete presenteras i processkartor, en kravspecifikation, ett användningsfallsdokument samt en GAP analys.

For many software projects, keeping requirements on track needs an effective and efficient path from data to decision. Visual analytics creates such a path that enables the human to extract insights by interacting with the relevant information. While various requirements visualization techniques exist, few have produced end-to-end values to practitioners. In this dissertation, we advance the literature on visual requirements analytics by characterizing its key components and relationships in a framework. We follow the goal-question-metric paradigm to define the framework by teasing out five conceptual goals (user, data, model, visualization, and knowledge), their specific operationalizations, and their interconnections. The framework allows us to not only assess existing approaches, but also create tool enhancements in a principled manner. We evaluate our enhanced tool supports both qualitatively and quantitatively. First, we evaluate our tool supports qualitatively through a case study where massive, heterogeneous, and dynamic requirements are processed, visualized, and analyzed. Working together with practitioners on a contemporary software project within its real-life context leads to the main ending that visual analytics can help tackle both open-ended visual exploration tasks and well-structured visual exploitation tasks in requirements engineering. In addition, the study helps the practitioners to reach actionable decisions in a wide range of areas relating to their project, ranging from theme and outlier identification, over requirements tracing, to risk assessment. Overall our work illuminates how the data-to-decision analytical capabilities could be improved by the increased interactivity of requirements visualization. Although many new visual analytics tools, techniques and methods are being developed, still there is a lack of understanding of how to evaluate the performance of such tools. We conducted an experiment to assess the performance (time and correctness) of our visual analytics tool support in solving requirements engineering tasks. Our study provides initial evidence and insights for visual analytics in requirements engineering and sheds light on many challenging open questions.

在軟體開發的過程中，有效的需求管理能促成高品質的軟體及管理。在CMMI中與需求管理有關的議題包括需求發展(Requirements Development)流程領域-屬於CMMI成熟度第三級，提供一些目標、執行方法(practices)和相關資訊作為指引，協助開發團隊發展顧客需求和產品需求。另一個相關議題-需求管理(Requirements Management) 流程領域，屬於CMMI成熟度第二級，可用於幫助需求管理的規劃與控制，建立追蹤機制，以及評估改變衝擊。 本篇論文以達成CMMI中需求發展和需求管理流程領域目標為前提，利用概念形成(Concept Formulation)和系統展示(System Representation)研究方法，並調適RUP中的需求工作流程(workflow)，最後發展出一個整合的需求管理架構-稱為IREQM(Integrated Requirements Management)，用於處理需求面的問題。本研究亦根據IREQM架構進行實作，發展出一套可協助軟體需求發展與管理的支援系統。最後，我們利用自我評鑑表，評估IREQM及依據IREQM實作的雛型系統與CMMI目標和執行方法相符的程度。 / Effective requirements management can help the software development process to ensure a high-quality software development and management process. In CMMI, the process area RD (Requirements Development) provides a set of goals, practices, and related features to develop customer and product requirements, and the process area REQM (Requirements Management) is to help establishing and appraising the quality of requirements management. Both issues are covered by the generic requirement management concerns. This study is conducted by the Concept Formulation and System Representation method to develop a systematic process to deal with the requirements issues in the software development process, in order to meet the RD and REQM goals in CMMI. The study proposes an integrated requirement management framework, called IREQM, tailored from the requirements workflow in RUP. A CMMI support system, to implement IREQM is established to facilitate the REQM and RD activities during the software development process. Finally, a self-appraisal checklist is used to evaluate the compliance of the IREQM framework and its implementation to the CMMI model.

A indústria da construção civil é considerada como uma das grandes causadoras de impactos negativos ao meio ambiente, desde a extração de matéria prima, até o fim de vida de seus empreendimentos. Dentre os principais impactos ambientais ocasionados pelo setor, destacase a geração de resíduos de construção civil (RCC), a qual é intensificada em função do desenvolvimento de grandes centros urbanos e a consequente necessidade de implantação de empreendimentos de infraestrutura. Nesse contexto, uma das estratégias mais eficientes para redução de RCC está associada à realização de escolhas adequadas na fase de projeto, com enfoque de prevenção na fonte geradora. No entanto, é complexa a inclusão de fatores de sustentabilidade, tais como os de minimização de RCC, em projetos da construção civil. Logo, torna-se relevante a adoção de métodos e ferramentas de suporte ao processo decisório. Contudo, os métodos existentes são direcionados, em sua maioria, a projetos de edificações, havendo uma importante lacuna associada a projetos de infraestrutura urbana. Assim sendo, esta pesquisa objetiva a proposição de mecanismos de apoio à tomada de decisão, para a minimização de RCC, em projetos de infraestrutura urbana, com dois diferentes enfoques: controle e avaliação; e estrutura de orientação. Para a composição dos mecanismos de controle e avaliação, foram identificadas boas práticas para redução da geração de RCC na fase de projeto, a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, análise documental de projetos, e pesquisa quali-quantitativa junto a especialistas. Essas boas práticas deram origem a demandas ambientais a serem atendidas pelos projetos de infraestrutura urbana, motivando a elaboração de um método estruturado para gerenciamento de requisitos ambientais e de trade-offs, como apoio à tomada de decisão projetual. O método teve como base a ferramenta Quality Function Deployment (QFD), no qual foi desdobrada a Matriz da Qualidade, a partir da opinião de especialistas atuantes em diferentes etapas do desenvolvimento de projetos de infraestrutura urbana. Como principais contribuições da pesquisa, focada na minimização de RCC, podem ser consideradas: (i) a obtenção de um checklist, como instrumento de controle e avaliação da qualidade dos projetos a serem desenvolvidos; (ii) a identificação de requisitos e de indicadores ambientais prioritários associados a esses projetos; e (iii) a elaboração de uma sistemática para gerenciamento de trade-offs existentes em projetos de infraestrutura urbana menos impactantes ambientalmente. / The construction industry is considered as one of the great causes of negative impacts to the environment, from the extraction of raw material, until the end-of-life of its projects. Among the main environmental impacts caused by the sector, can be highlighted the generation of construction waste (CW), which is intensified due to the development of large urban centers and the consequent need to implement infrastructure projects. In that context, one of the most efficient strategies to reduce CW is associated with making adequate choices in the design phase, with a focus on prevention at the source. However, it is complex to include sustainability factors, such as CW minimization, in construction designs. Therefore, it is relevant to adopt methods and tools to support the decision-making process. However, the existing methods are mostly directed to building designs, with an important gap associated with urban infrastructure designs. Thus, this research aims at proposing mechanisms to support decision making for the CW minimization in urban infrastructure projects, with two different approaches: control and evaluation; and guidance structure. For the composition of the control and the evaluation mechanisms, best practices were identified to reduce the CW generation in the design phase, based on literature review, documentary analysis of projects, and qualitative and quantitative surveys with specialists. Those best practices have given rise to environmental demands to be met by urban infrastructure projects, motivating the elaboration of a structured method for managing environmental requirements and trade-offs, as a support for the decision making design. The method was based on the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) tool, in which the quality matrix deployment, based on the opinion of specialists working in different stages of the development of urban designs. The main contributions of the research, focused on the CW minimization, can be considered: (i) obtaining a checklist, as an instrument to control and evaluate the quality of the designs to be developed; (ii) identification of requirements and of priority environmental indicators associated with those projects; and (iii) the development of a systematic for managing tradeoffs in urban infrastructure projects that are less environmentally impacting.