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Teamarbetets betydelse för patientsäkerhet vid hjärtstopp : en litteraturöversikt / The importance of teamwork for patient safety in cardiac arrests : a literature reviewSeve, Moa, Vallström, Frida January 2023 (has links)
Bakgrund: Hjärtstopp kan drabba vem som helst, när som helst. Varje år drabbas cirka 6000 personer utanför sjukhus och 2500 personer på sjukhus. Behandling av patienter med hjärtstopp sker ofta under press där tid, omhändertagande och interventioner har betydelse för utfallet. Ofta sker arbetet i ett team som bildats just för den specifika situationen där alla deltagare inte haft möjlighet att träna tillsammans. Hjärtstopp är därav ett tidskritiskt tillstånd som ställer stora krav på det behandlande teamet avseende patientsäkerhet. Syfte: Att beskriva faktorer vid teamarbete som bidrar till ett patientsäkert omhändertagande vid hjärtstopp. Metod: En litteraturöversikt med systematisk design. Databaserna CINAHL och PubMed har använts för att söka fram lämpliga vetenskapliga artiklar. Efter kvalitetsgranskning inkluderades 18 artiklar i arbetets resultat. Vetenskapliga artiklar analyserades med integrerad analys. Resultat: Utifrån studiens syfte genererade de inkluderande artiklarna i tre huvudkategorier - teamarbete, kompentens och arbetsmiljö. Teamarbete delades in i ledarskap, kommunikation och rollfördelning. Kompetens delades in i teamträning, klinisk erfarenhet och utrustning. Arbetsmiljö delades in i fysisk arbetsmiljö och psykosocial arbetsmiljö. Slutsats: För att som vårdpersonal bedriva en patientsäker vård vid hjärtstoppssituationer krävs ett välfungerande teamarbete. För att uppnå ett lyckat teamarbete ställs krav på tydlighet vad gäller ledarskap, rollfördelning och kommunikation. Teamarbetet är en dynamisk process som påverkar patientsäkerheten i positiv bemärkelse av gemensam teamträning, kollegor med klinisk erfarenhet samt en välfungerande utrustning. Även arbetsmiljön, den fysiska och psykosociala, kan ha en inverkan på patientsäkerheten. / Introduction: Cardiac arrest can happen to anyone, at any time. Each year, around 6,000 people are affected outside hospitals and 2,500 people in hospitals. Treatment of patients with cardiac arrest often takes place under pressure where time, care and interventions are important for the outcome. Often the work takes place in a team that was formed precisely for the specific situation where all participants did not have the opportunity to train together. Cardiac arrest is therefore a time-critical condition that places great demands on the treating team regarding patient safety. Aim: To describe factors in teamwork that contribute to patient-safe care in cardiac arrest. Method: A literature review with systematic design. The databases CINAHL and PubMed have been used to search for suitable scientific articles. After quality review, 18 articles were included in the results. Scientific articles were analyzed using integrated analysis. Result: Based on the purpose of the study, the inclusive articles were generated in three main categories: Teamwork; Competence; and Work environment. Teamwork was divided into leadership, communication, and role distribution. Competence was divided into team training, clinical experience, and equipment. Work environment was divided into physical work environment and psychosocial work environment. Conclusion: For healthcare professionals to provide patient-safe care during resuscitation, well-functioning teamwork is required. To achieve successful teamwork, clarity is required in terms of leadership, role distribution and communication. Teamwork is a dynamic process that affects patient safety in the positive sense of joint team training, colleagues with clinical experience and well-functioning equipment. The work environment, physical and psychosocial, can also have an impact on patient safety.
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Finite Element Modeling of Chest Compressions in CPR / Finita Element Modellering av Bröstkompressioner i HLRKatrínardóttir, Hildigunnur January 2017 (has links)
Factors affecting the risk of ribcage injury in adult subjects during CPR were investigated using the torso region of the THUMS model, a full human body FE-model, representing an average adult male. The thoracic dynamic response of the model was compared to experimental PMHS hub loading impact data and live-subject CPR data found in the literature. The model was then used to study the risk of obtaining injuries in various simulated CPR conditions, also varying the stiffness of the costal cartilage. Parameters that are known to predict induced injuries were extracted from the model simulations, i.e. chest deflections, and maximum 1st principal strain and von-Mises stress in the ribs and sternum, as well as the pressure in the heart muscle. These were compared with values that have been reported to have the potential to cause injury. The predictions were compared to experimental findings of the probability of CPR resulting in fractures of the ribs and sternum. The previously mentioned parameters did not reach high enough values to predict fracture occurrences, but interesting trends were highlighted with regards to the different loading conditions investigated. It was demonstrated that human body FE-model simulation studies can be useful for investigating the influence of different CPR related loading conditions on the risk of occurrences of rib and sternal fractures.
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Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att närstående är närvarande vid hjärt-lungräddningThilander, Emma, Söderman, Mollie January 2023 (has links)
Bakgrund: Varje år rapporteras ungefär 8500 fall av plötsligt hjärtstopp på och utanför sjukhus i Sverige. Vid hjärtstopp krävs snabba åtgärder för att öka patientens chans att överleva. Sjuksköterskan har en betydande roll i HLR teamet samtidigt som personcentrerad omvårdnad ska implenteras i vården av patienter och närstående. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att närstående är närvarande vid HLR. Metod: Beskrivande litteraturstudie med kvalitativ, kvantitativ och blandad metod baserad på tolv artiklar framsökta genom databasen PubMed. Huvudresultat: Resultatet i studien visade både positiva och negativa erfarenheter hos sjuksköterskorna. De positiva erfarenheter som belystes var att skapa en vårdrelation med de närstående som gav en känsla av meningsfullhet, närstående fick se alla åtgärder som gjorts för patienten, förekomst av en stödperson samt att vid mer erfarenhet av att närstående är närvarande vid HLR, resulterade det i mer positiva erfarenheter. De negativa erfarenheter som som belystes var otillräckligt med utrymme, avsaknad av riktlinjer, förlängda åtgärder för närståendes skull samt psykologiska konsekvenser för närstående. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor hade posititiva och negativa erfarenheter gällande närståendes närvaro vid HLR. Genom utökat utrymme tillsammans med en stödperson som kan finnas till för närstående kan det bidra till positiva erfarenheter. Det behövs implementeras tydliga riktlinjer som kan stödja sjuksköterskan i sin yrkesroll och utföra god omvårdnad.
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The Design and Synthesis of Hemoglobin Nanoparticles as Therapeutic Oxygen CarriersHickey, Richard James, III January 2021 (has links)
No description available.
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Upplevelser och konsekvenser av att närvara vid hjärt-lungräddning som anhörig : en litteraturöversikt / Experiences and consequences of being present at cardiopulmonary resucitation as a relative : a literature reviewStjernberg, Josef, Kälvegård, Linn January 2023 (has links)
Bakgrund Varje år sker cirka 13 000 hjärtstopp i Sverige och det är en av de vanligaste dödsorsakerna internationellt sett. Vid hjärtstopp är hjärt- och lungräddning den främsta åtgärden för att rädda liv. En nyckelaspekt i detta är anhörigas upplevelser. Det finns gott om studier kring hur personal på sjukhus upplever hjärtstopp och hur de upplever anhörigas närvaro. Därav finns betydelse av att belysa anhörigas upplevelser av att bevittna hjärt- och lungräddning. Syfte Att belysa upplevelser och konsekvenser av att närvara vid hjärt- och lungräddning som anhörig. Metod Denna studie utgjorde en litteraturöversikt innehållande 15 vetenskapliga originalartiklar med såväl kvantitativ som kvalitativ metodik. Systematisk datainsamling skedde genom databassökningar i PubMed och CINAHL. För att bedöma artiklarna tillämpades bedömningskriterier från Sophiahemmets Högskola och resultaten från de inkluderade studierna genomgick en integrerad process för dataanalys. Resultat I resultatet identifierades tre kategorier; att få stanna, att bli sedd och att leva vidare. Resultatet visade att det fanns negativa och positiva upplevelser med att närvara under hjärt- och lungräddning. När en överblick gjordes framkom det att anhöriga ville närvara under återupplivningsförsöket. Vissa kände sig respekterade och omhändertagna medan andra kände sig bortglömda och ensamma. En ny vardag utformades för anhöriga efter att ha bevittnat hjärtstopp. Vissa drabbades av symtom som ångest och stress eller utvecklade depression på grund av att inte ha fått närvara under hjärt- och lungräddningen. Andra anhöriga kunde finna stöd i att prata, för att bearbeta händelsen och på nytt kunna uppskatta livet. Slutsats Resultatet av litteraturstudien visar att anhöriga i högre grad ville närvara vid hjärt- och lungräddning, snarare än att frånvara. Uppenbart var att flertalet anhöriga upplevde bristande information från vårdpersonalen. En ny vardag utformades, vissa drabbades av depression, ångest och stress medan andra kunde finna ny mening i livet. / Background Each year approximately 13,000 cardiac arrests occur in Sweden, and it is one of the most common causes of death internationally. In the event of cardiac arrest, cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the main measure to save life. A key aspect is relatives' experience. There are plenty of studies on how staff in hospitals experience cardiac arrest and how they experience presence of relatives. It is important to shed light on relatives' experiences witnessing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Aim To shed light on the experiences and consequences of being present at cardiopulmonary resuscitation as a relative. Method This study constituted a literature review containing 15 original articles with both quantitative and qualitative methodology. Systematic data collection took place through database searches in PubMed and CINAHL. To assess the articles, assessment criteria from Sophiahemmet University were applied, and the results from the included studies underwent an integrated process for data analysis. Results Three categories were identified; to stay, to be seen and to live on. It showed both negative and positive experiences in being present. When an overview was made, it emerged that relatives wanted to be present during resuscitation. Some felt respected and cared for, while others felt forgotten and alone. A new everyday life was created for relatives after witnessing cardiac arrest. Some suffered symptoms, as anxiety and stress or developed depression due to not being able to be present. Relatives could find support in talking to someone to process the event and be able to appreciate life again. Conclusions Relatives were more likely to be present during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, rather than absent. It was obvious that the majority of relatives experienced lack of information from the healthcare staff. A new everyday life was designed, some suffered from depression, anxiety, and stress while others were able to find new meaning in life.
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Escape Cardiac Arrest in Pregnancy: An Experimental Education Approach in a Concurrent Maternal and Neonatal Emergency ResponseTorres, Ivy January 2024 (has links)
This dissertation investigates the pressing issue of education in cardiac arrest during pregnancy, an emergency of life-threatening significance that necessitates a coordinated response from maternal and neonatal healthcare teams. The study encompasses three primary chapters, each addressing a crucial facet of this intricate scenario.
In the chapter titled "Cardiac Arrest in Pregnancy: A Scoping Review on Knowledge and Confidence in a Maternal & Neonatal Response," an extensive examination of existing literature illuminated substantial knowledge gaps in the resuscitation of pregnant individuals, a concern that has persisted for over a decade. These gaps encompass critical domains, including a dearth of high-quality research with a heavy reliance on limited experimental designs, small sample sizes that curtail the generalizability of findings, a lack of comprehensive comparisons among various teaching strategies for enhancing knowledge and confidence, an emphasis on short-term outcomes without adequate longitudinal assessments of knowledge retention and clinical impact, a need for tailored education programs catering to diverse healthcare professionals, and a scarcity of research on collaborative learning experiences, particularly concerning neonatology teams. These identified gaps offer valuable opportunities for future research aimed at fortifying the evidence base, refining educational approaches, and ultimately enhancing the management of cardiac arrest during pregnancy and neonatal resuscitation. This manuscript underscores the pressing need to expand educational initiatives beyond obstetrical units and to foster interdisciplinary collaboration among healthcare teams.
The chapter titled, "Escaping PowerPoint: Enhancing Knowledge, Satisfaction, and Self-Confidence in Cardiac Arrest in Pregnancy," introduces an innovative teaching strategy known as the Virtual Escape Room (VER). The randomized controlled study compares the effectiveness of this virtual gamified approach with a traditional online PowerPoint method in improving knowledge acquisition, learner satisfaction, and self-confidence. The findings demonstrate the statistically significant superiority of the VER in enhancing these critical outcomes, highlighting the potential of immersive learning experiences in healthcare education. Notably, the data reveal a substantial increase in mean scores from the knowledge pre-test (M = 59.58, SD = 16.30) to the knowledge post-test (M = 68.24, SD = 17.42), t(64) = 5.635, p < .001 . The assessment tools employed included a knowledge quiz and The National League for Nursing (NLN) Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence instruments.
The chapter titled "Puzzling Out the Correlates of Learner Engagement and Exploring Motivational States within a Virtual Escape Room," delves into the intricate aspects of learner engagement within the gamified learning environment of the VER. It uncovers the relationships between engagement, learner satisfaction, and specific engagement components such as enjoyment, creative thinking, and dominance. This manuscript underscores the multifaceted nature of engagement and highlights the imperative need for further research to achieve a more profound comprehension of its role in shaping learning outcomes. The study employed the Gameful Experience Scale (GAMEX) and the Telic/Paratelic State Measure (TPSI) instrument. Notably, statistically significant positive correlations were observed, including r = 0.346 (p = 0.005) between the Enjoyment Score and knowledge post-test, r = 0.305 (p = 0.013) between the Creative Thinking Score and knowledge post-test, and r = 0.255 (p = 0.04) between the Dominance Score and knowledge post-test. Additionally, a significant interaction effect emerged between the T/PSI score (pre vs. post) and the educational intervention (VER vs. control group). T/PSI score increased from 35.83 (SD = 8.67) before the intervention to 38.86 (SD = 9.91) after the intervention, indicating a substantial change. In contrast, there was no statistically significant difference in T/PSI scores before and after the traditional PowerPoint intervention for the control group, where the mean scores changed from 35.89 (SD = 7.02) to 35.57 (SD = 7.94). These findings strongly suggest that the VER condition contributes to a paratelic state among participants when compared to the control condition.
This dissertation underscores the paramount importance of effective education in managing cardiac arrest during pregnancy, given the persistent knowledge gaps among resuscitation teams. The introduction of the VER as an innovative educational strategy represents a significant advancement in addressing these deficits. Furthermore, the exploration of engagement and motivational states within the gamified learning environment offers valuable insights into the complexities of learner engagement, paving the way for more effective educational strategies in healthcare settings. Ultimately, these findings have the potential to empower healthcare teams, potentially reducing maternal mortality rates and improving neonatal outcomes in the face of this critical emergency.
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Implications of acute resuscitation and mechanical ventilation strategies upon pulmonary complications following injuryRobinson, Bryce RH, M.D. 07 July 2015 (has links)
No description available.
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Impact of a Practice Session using Objective Feedback on Basic Life Support Skills 12 Weeks Following Initial BLS TrainingCantrell, Sarah Ann 08 September 2009 (has links)
No description available.
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The Role of Oxygen in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Post Resuscitation Period – A Mitochondrial PerspectiveYeh, Ting-Yuan 16 December 2010 (has links)
No description available.
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Sjuksköterskans upplevelse av hjärt-lungräddning med närvarande närstående : En litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ ansats / The Nurse's Experience of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation with Present Family Members : A Literature Review with a Qualitative ApproachCarlswärd, Andrion, Bergström, Lukas, Eriksson, Jacob January 2024 (has links)
Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskor står inför utmaningar vid hjärtstoppsituationer där deras tidiga insatser är avgörande för patientens överlevnad. Med cirka 13 000 fall av hjärtstopp årligen i Sverige är hjärt-lungräddning en central del i omhändertagandet. Närstående lyfter att närvaro vid hjärt-lungräddning är en viktig rättighet som kan bidra till en känsla av trygghet. Syfte: Beskriva sjuksköterskans upplevelse av hjärt-lungräddning med närvarande närstående. Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturöversikt med induktiv ansats har genomförts, där tio vetenskapliga artiklar analyserades utifrån Fribergs femstegsmodell. Databaserna CINAHL, MEDLINE och PubMed har använts. Resultat: Sjuksköterskor övervägde faktorer som patientens tillstånd, närståendes önskemål och den potentiellt traumatiska effekten samt att varje hjärt-lungräddningssituation är unik. Det uppgavs brister inom organisationen som försvårade för närstående att närvara. Förslag på förbättringar såsom en vald familjestödperson, tydligare riktlinjer samt policys lyfts av sjuksköterskorna. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskors perspektiv på närståendes närvaro vid hjärt-lungräddning visar på delade åsikter och en komplex dynamik. Farhågor kring störningar och påverkan på patientsäkerheten kontrasteras mot betoningen av närståendes roll för emotionellt stöd och sorgeprocessen. Identifierade organisatoriska utmaningar, inklusive behovet av en ansvarig personal och tydliga riktlinjer, betonar behovet av en balans mellan säkerhet och stöd i vårdmiljön. / Background: Nurses face challenges in cardiac arrest situations where their early interventions are crucial for patient survival. With approximately 13 000 cases of cardiac arrest annually in Sweden, cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a vital component of care. Family members raises that presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an important right that can contribute to a sense of security. Aim: To describe the nurse’s experience of cardiopulmonary resuscitation with the presence of family members. Method: A qualitative literature review with an inductive approach was conducted, analysing ten scientific articles using Friberg’s five-step model. The databases CINAHL, MEDLINE and PubMed were utilized. Result: Nurses considered factors such as the patient’s condition, the wishes of close relatives, the potentially traumatic effects, and the uniqueness of each cardiopulmonary resuscitation situation. Organizational shortcomings hindering family presence were reported. Suggestions for improvements, such as the nurses highlighted a designated family support person and clearer guidelines and policies. Conclusion: Nurses’ perspectives on the presences of family members during cardiopulmonary resuscitation reveal divergent opinions and a complex dynamic. Concerns about disruptions and their impact on patient safety contrast with the emphasis on the role of family members for emotional support and the grieving process. Identified organizational challenges, including the need for designated personnel and clear guidelines, underscore the necessity of valancing safety and support in the healthcare environment.
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