This study conducts a qualitative and quantitative analysis of various issues resulting from the construction market growth after the moment magnitude (Mw) 7.8 earthquake on April 25, 2015 in Nepal. The market growth resulted labor shortage and eventually increased workplace injuries and safety issues in Nepal. The qualitative analysis consists of a review of past studies, a review of occupational safety and health (OSH) information from three construction projects in Nepal, and a semistructured questionnaire. The semistructured questionnaire was sent to the experts for review, and was finalized to conduct the survey. The quantitative analysis consists of questionnaire survey distribution among construction stakeholders and descriptive analysis of the responses. The survey was conducted online and onsite. A total of 280 valid responses from contractors, supervisors, and laborers were received and analyzed. The results and analysis identified several challenges in the reconstruction and recovery efforts including a shortage of laborers, lack of adequate safety measures in construction sites, potentially avoidable injuries resulting from the lack of trainings and safety measures, and lack of proper enforcement of building codes and acts.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

In this thesis I focus on a safety audit in a plant for the preparation of concrete carried out according to Self-Audit Handbook for SMEs. In the first part some examples of accidents in plants for the preparation of concrete in Czech Republic as well as in abroad are stated. In the second part I describe the subject of work injury in Czech Republic and the obligations of employees and employers in accordance with the labour code. The third part deals with the safety management, occupational health and safety management system and briefly covers various types of audits. The next part analyses briefly concrete composition and its production process, the function of plant for the preparation of concrete and safety requirements demanded from the plant for the preparation of concrete in accordance with an appropriate standard. The last part describes the audit itself processed according to Self-Audit Handbook for SMEs at two plants. The aim of this thesis is to process and to evaluate results of two audits that took place at plans for preparation of the concrete and to propose corrective actions and process improvements.

Work environment conditions can influence individuals, organisations as well as society, and economic consequences can be extensive. The employer is responsible for the work environment,but must engage Occupational Health Services (OHS) or similar if the own competenceis not sufficient. Consequently, the professional skills of OHS providers is an important topic, as the services delivered are aimed at contributing to a good work environment. However, research in this area was scant and there was a call for illumination of what professional skills are needed within OHS. There was also a need to find arenas for knowledge development and sharing within and between occupational safety and health (OS&amp;H) professionals and researchers. One aim of this thesis was to gain a deeper knowledge and understanding about professional skills when it comes to OS&amp;H engineers and ergonomists working within the manufacturing sector. A second aim was to gain experiences of using co-operative inquiry in a learning network for OS&amp;H professionals in order to develop professional skills. The thesis is based on three papers, all with a qualitative research approach. The co-operative inquiry method was used to run a learning network for the research. This network consisted of ten OS&amp;H professionals (engineers and ergonomists) employed at in-house as well as external providers of OHS for manufacturing companies, and two researchers. Everyone in the network acted as co-researchers in accordance with the intention of co-operative inquiry. The dialogues at the meetings were analysed with thematic analysis, using six socio-technical elements as themes. The results showed that the OS&amp;H engineers and ergonomists in the network wanted to work more preventively in the future. To achieve this, they expressed needs for both theoretically based arguments and communication skills to convince clients about the benefits with this approach. Research based knowledge, practical experience and good examples were shared and reflected on with the purpose of integrating the new knowledge into daily practice. The dialogues at the meetings dealt mainly with topics at an organisation level rather than details and individual level. The dialogues focused on e.g. co-operation in teams within the OHS firms and with different stakeholders at the client companies, integration of OS&amp;H management into existing processes, participation from early stages in design and change processes, the use of risk assessment tools and, finally, communication skills. The co-operative inquiry method was suitable, as the network functioned as an arena for reflective learning. / Arbetsmiljöförhållanden kan påverka individer, organisationer såväl som samhälle och de ekonomiska konsekvenserna kan bli omfattande. Arbetsgivaren är ansvarig för arbetsmiljön men ska anlita företagshälsovård (FHV) eller motsvarande om den egna kompetensen inte är tillräcklig. Därför är yrkeskompetens förprofessionerna inom FHV ett viktigt ämne eftersom de tjänster som levereras syftar till att bidra till en bra arbetsmiljö. Det fanns dock inte mycket forskning inom detta områdeoch det fanns ett behov av att belysa vilken yrkeskompetens som behövs inomFHV. Det fanns också behov av att hitta arenor för kunskapsutveckling och kunskapsspridning inom och mellan professioner som arbetar med FHV samt forskare. Ett syfte med denna avhandling var att få en djupare kunskap och förståelse om yrkeskompetens gällande arbetsmiljöingenjörer och ergonomer som arbetar med FHV inom tillverkningssektorn. Ett annat syfte var att få erfarenheter av att använda metoden co-operative inquiry i ett lärande nätverk för FHV-professioner för att utveckla yrkeskompetens. Avhandlingen är baserad på två konferensbidrag och en artikel, alla med kvalitativ inriktning. I forskningen användes metoden co-operative inquiry för att driva ett lärande nätverk. Detta nätverk bestod av sammanlagt tio arbetsmiljöingenjörer och ergonomer anställda inom intern och extern FHV för tillverkningsföretag samt två forskare. Alla i nätverket agerade som medforskare i enlighet med metoden co-operative inquiry. Dialogerna på nätverksmötena analyserades med hjälp av tematisk analys där sex socio-tekniska element användes som teman. Resultaten visade att nätverkets arbetsmiljöingenjörer och ergonomer ville arbeta mer förebyggande i framtiden. För att uppnå detta uttryckte de behov av både teoretiskt baserade argument och kommunikationsförmåga för att övertyga kunderna om fördelarna med detta förhållningssätt. Forskningsbaserad kunskap, praktiska erfarenheter och goda exempel delades och reflekterades över med syfte att integrera den nya kunskapen i dagligt arbete. Innehållet i dialogerna på mötena gällde främst ämnenpå organisationsnivå snarare än detaljer och på individuell nivå. Dialogerna rörde t.ex. samarbete i team inom FHV-företagen och med olika intressenter hos kundföretag, integration av hantering av arbetsmiljöfrågor i befintliga processer, deltagande från tidiga stadier i design- och förändringsprocesser, användning av riskbedömningsverktyg och slutligen kommunikationsförmåga. Metoden co-operative inquiry var ändamålsenlig i det här fallet eftersom nätverket fungerade som en arena för reflektivtlärande. / <p>QC 20180907</p> / WIKIOSH

Selected aspects of occupational safety and health protection Abstract This thesis focuses on legal regulation of selected aspects of occupational safety and health (OSH) protection in the context of Czech law. This is a classical area of labour law whose importance grows together with the growing complexity of working practices. The aim of the thesis is to provide a description of the current regulation and subsequently to analyse selected aspects related to the educational sector. The thesis is, apart from introduction and conclusion, divided into six chapters. In the first chapter, the historical development of OSH is outlined in order to give context to the consecutive chapters. The following chapter provides an overview of the sources of law, since the area of OSH is heavily influenced by the European as well as the international law and the regulation on the national level is considerably fragmented. In the third chapter attention is paid to the rights and obligations of the employer, which are analogous to the fourth chapter, concerning the rights and obligations of the employees (in the field of occupational safety and health). OSH is closely linked to the risk assessment, which is key to successful implementation of OSH standards and greatly helps to reduce occupational injuries and illnesses....

The ways of organizing political problem solving in society are not static. A pluralistic dynamic society requires a continious reconsideration and adaption of its political in­stitutions, i.e. political institutionalization. Institutiona­lization demands prior organizing activities among actors for political aims. Organizing activities can be seen both inter­nally, externally or between existing organisations and in­stitutions . The degree of institutionalization reflects the organizing activities' survival capacity. The higher the degree of in­stitutionalization the more likely it is that the organizing activity will become a formally based organisation or institu­tion, or will change the dominating values of organisations or institutions. The degree of institutionalization is discussed using the concepts of adaptability, complexity, autonomy and flexibility. The thesis represents a problem-oriented implementation approach where individuals' joint ways of organizing problem- solving are the basis for analysis of both policy-realization and political institutionalization. Policy is defined as ideas and the ways of creating institutional arrangements in order to realize them. A "policy-problem", defined as the empirical question answered by examining the process of institutionali­zation, is used to study the policy-processes in the field of occupational safety and health. The ways in which individuals collectively organize in order to create a good working environment are studied using the concept of implementation structures. These are defined as phenomenological administrative units of analysis, i.e. groups of individuals empirically judged to take part in solving the policy problem. / digitalisering@umu

Dabartinė Lietuvos saugos ir sveikatos būklė kelia nerimą, nes nelaimingų atsitikimų darbe ir profesinių ligų skaičius mažėja ne visose ūkinės veiklos srityse. Statyba išlieka viena iš pavojingiausių ekonominės veiklos sektorių, ypač mažose ir vidutinėse statybos įmonėse. Todėl šiame darbe yra atliktas saugos ir sveikatos mažose ir vidutinėse statybos įmonėse ergonominis tyrimas. Anketinės apklausos tyrime dalyvavo šių statybos įmonių vadovai. Buvo tirta darbuotojų darbo aplinka, jos įtaka sveikatos būklei, įmonės socialinė ir ūkinė veikla. Šiame darbe yra pateikta tyrimo metodika bei pagrindiniai tyrimų rezultatai, su jais susijusios išvados ir pasi��lymai. Pasiūlytos rekomendacijos apie techninių ir organizacinių priemonių taikymą, kurios didintų darbuotojų saugą ir galėtų pratęsti darbingumą, sukurtų produktyvesnę darbo aplinką ir darbuotojų darbinio gyvenimo kokybę. / Current state of safety and health in Lithuania is a matter of great concern, because the amount of accidents and professional illnesses decreases not in all spheres of economic activity. Construction still remains the most dangerous sector of economic activity, especially in small and medium building companies. This is why an ergonomic research in small and medium building companies is made in this work. The directors of these building companies took part in a questionnaire survey. Employees’ working environment, its influence on the state of health, and social and economic activity were analyzed. Research method and the main results of the research are represented in this work; conclusions and suggestions are related with them. There are recommendations about the application of technical and organizational measures suggested, that would improve employees’ safety and efficiency and create a more productive working atmosphere and quality of employees’ working life.

Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjama nelaimingų atsitikimų darbe statistika Lietuvoje ir užsienyje, apžvelgiami pavojingi veiksniai statybvietėse ir jų įtaka nelaimingiems atsitikimams darbe. Aprašomas nelaimingų atsitikimų augimo tempų statyboje bendrasis modelis. Baigiamajame darbe pateikiami darbų saugos sistemos tobulinimo būdai, aprašomas kompleksinio sistemos vertinimo modelio formavimas ir realizavimas, pateikiamas statybviečių ir statybos įmonių būklės vertinimas darbuotojų saugos požiūriu, pateikiamos konkrečios priemonės saugos darbe sistemos statybos įmonėse efektyvumui didinti. Išnagrinėjus teorinius ir praktinius darbų saugos sistemos aspektus, pateikiamos baigiamojo darbo išvados ir pasiūlymai. Darbą sudaro šios dalys: įvadas, apžvalginis skyrius, analitinė – metodinė dalis, mokslinė - tiriamoji dalis, išvados ir pasiūlymai, literatūros ir kitų informacijos šaltinių sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 77 p. teksto be priedų, 28 pav., 8 lent., 79 bibliografiniai šaltiniai. / The present thesis intended for master's degree deals with the statistics of occupational accidents in Lithuania and abroad, makes an overview of dangerous factors on construction sites and their influence on potential occupational accidents. Description of a general model of an increasing rate of occupational accidents in construction sector is given. Methods for improvement of labour safety system are contained in the thesis. Furthermore, a description of development and implementation of an overall system evaluation model is given in the paper together with an assessment of condition of construction sites and construction companies in terms of labour safety and actual proposals on the application of measures, which may lead to an increased efficiency of labour safety at construction companies. Conclusions and recommendations given in the paper are based on the outcome of the analysis of theoretical and practical aspects of labour safety system. The present thesis includes the following parts: Introduction, Overview, Analytical – methodological part, Scientific – investigative part, Conclusions and recommendations, References. Thesis consist of – 77 pages of written text excluding addenda, 28 figures, 8 tables, 79 bibliographic sources.