No description available.

Natto and sprout soybeans are produced using small-seeded soybeans and their production is a high value alternative to grow grain soybeans for food in U.S. The development of soybean cultivars with improved natto and sprout quality is crucial for maintaining and increasing the soyfood market. However, there is insufficient information on sprout soybean characteristics. Therefore, the first objective of this study was to evaluate seed and sprout traits as potential selection criteria and study the storage effect on sprout quality. Seeds can be a vehicle for transmission of pathogens capable of causing human illness. That is why, the second objective was to identify seed-borne pathogens on a commercial soybean cultivar and to evaluate different seed decontamination treatments. Finally, seed coat deficiency is an undesirable trait for natto soybean seeds because it causes inferior appearance of the product. Thus, the third objective was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying seed coat deficiency (SCD) and associated markers. Results showed that seed size, high-, average- and low-quality sprout percentage, hypocotyl thickness and length and sprout yield are the most important variables for breeding sprout cultivars; and one-year seed storage at room temperature reduced sprout quality. Fusarium, Alternaria and Diaphorte were the most frequent genera isolated from soybean seeds, and 2% calcium hypochlorite and 5% acetic acid were promising seed disinfection treatments. A stable QTL, qSCD20_1, was identified across two years explaining up to 25% of the variation of SCD; and eight molecular markers tightly linked and nearby qSCD20_1 were identified. Information presented will be helpful for sprout and natto soybean cultivar development. / Master of Science / Natto and sprout soybeans are produced using by small-seeded soybeans and their production is a high value alternative to grow grain soybeans for feed in U.S. The development of soybean cultivars with improved natto and sprout quality is crucial for maintaining and increasing the soyfood market. However, there is insufficient information on sprout soybean characteristics. Therefore, the first objective of this study was to evaluate important seed and sprout traits as potential selection criteria of soybean cultivars and study the storage effect on sprout quality. Seeds can be contaminated with fungi capable of causing human illness. So, the second objective was to identify fungus species associated with seeds of a sprout soybean cultivar and evaluate different seed disinfection treatments. Finally, seed coat deficiency is an undesirable trait for natto soybean seeds because it causes inferior appearance of the product. Thus, the third objective was to identify molecular markers associated with seed coat deficiency. Results showed that seed size, high-, average- and low-quality sprout percentage, hypocotyl thickness and length and sprout yield are the most important variables for breeding sprout cultivars; and one-year seed storage at room temperature reduced sprout quality. Fungal species that may cause human illness were isolated from sprout soybean seeds and calcium hypochlorite and acetic acid are promising seed disinfection treatment for reducing fungus incidence. Finally, eight molecular markers associated with seed coat deficiency were identified which may be potentially used in selecting natto soybean cultivars with low seed coat deficiency. Information presented will be helpful for sprout and natto soybean cultivar development.

A ferrugem asiática da soja (FAS) foi constatada pela primeira vez no Brasil em 2000/2001, tendo desde então ocasionado elevados prejuízos aos sojicultores. O emprego de cultivares geneticamente resistentes/tolerantes é um componente fundamental de um programa integrado para controle desta doença. A pesquisa tem encontrado muita dificuldade, pois o fungo Phakopsora pachyrhizi apresenta grande variabilidade patogênica e as poucas fontes de resistência/tolerância disponíveis não são adaptadas às condições brasileiras. O objetivo geral do presente estudo foi avaliar a performance de linhagens experimentais de soja derivadas de cruzamentos entre genitores tolerantes à ferrugem asiática, com a finalidade de incrementar a tolerância a FAS. Os experimentos foram conduzidos durante os anos agrícolas 2008-09, 2009-10 e 2010-11, nas Estações Experimentais Anhumas e Areão e na sede (ESALQ), áreas estas pertencentes à Escola Superior de Agricultura \"Luiz de Queiroz\" e situadas no município de Piracicaba - SP. Os experimentos com as progênies nas gerações F2:4, F2:5 e F2:6 foram delineados em blocos aumentados de Federer, sendo cada experimento subdividido em conjuntos experimentais com testemunhas comuns. Para estimar o efeito ferrugem e o nível de tolerância de cada genótipo a FAS, em cada local e ano agrícola, foram conduzidos dois experimentos com aplicações de fungicidas diferentes: no primeiro experimento aplicou-se fungicida para controle apenas das doenças de final de ciclo (DFC), enquanto que no segundo experimento, foi aplicado fungicida com princípios ativos para o controle tanto das DFC quanto da FAS. Nos experimentos com controle de DFC e FAS houve tendência de médias maiores para PG e PCS. A metodologia do contraste de reações das plantas a fungicidas distintos foi eficiente em estimar o efeito ferrugem e a reação de cada genótipo a FAS. A pressão do fungo da FAS sobre as progênies variou entre os anos agrícolas, tendo sido maior em 2009-10. O local Anhumas destacou-se entre os demais, possibilitando altas médias de produtividade de grãos (PG) em todos os anos agrícolas avaliados. Este ambiente também mostrou-se apropriado para estimar o efeito ferrugem. Os genitores 1 (USP 04-18.032) e 5 (USP 11-38) foram os que originaram as progênies mais precoces e os genitores 3 (USP 97-08.135) e 10 (USP 191-104-11) as progênies mais tardias. Os genitores 8 (USP 191-102-03) e 10 (USP 191-104-11) foram os que mais contribuíram para elevadas médias de PG e peso de cem sementes (PCS). Já o genitor 4 (BUSP 16-015) destacou-se na média de PG, além de ter apresentado valor alto de capacidade média de combinação para PG, na média dos três anos agrícolas. O cruzamento 7x10 (USP 14-06-20 x USP 191-104-11) destacou-se originando o maior número de progênies com desempenho superior em PG e tolerância a FAS. Por outro lado, os genitores 1 (USP 04-18.032), 3 (USP 97-08.135) e 9 (USP 191-103-12) foram os que menos contribuíram para a geração de progênies com alta PG. Houve variação entre as progênies dentro de cruzamentos para as estimativas dos parâmetros de adaptabilidade e estabilidade fenotípica. Consequentemente, as progênies 231- 2224-12 (6x8 = USP 97-10.046 x USP 191-102-03), 231-6127-06 (1x8 = USP 04- 18.032 x USP 191-102-03) e 231-1120-08 (7x10 = USP 14-06-20 x USP 191-104-11) foram as mais indicadas para a seleção recorrente para tolerância a FAS. / The Asian soybean rust (FAS) was reported for the first time in Brazil in 2000/2001 and has since caused considerable damage to soybean crops. The use of genetically resistant cultivars is a key component of an integrated program to control this disease. In the researches has been found many difficulties because the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi shows great variability in pathogenicity and the small number of sources of resistance that are available has no adaptability to Brazilian environmental conditions. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of experimental soybean lines derived from crosses among soybean rust tolerant parents, in order to increase the horizontal resistance (tolerance). The experiments were conducted during the crop years 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010-11, in three experimental stations (Anhumas, Areão and ESALQ), areas belonging to the College of Agriculture \"Luiz de Queiroz\" and located within the municipality of Piracicaba, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The experiments with progenies in generations F2:4, F2:5 and F2:6 were designed in augmented block of Federer, with each experiment divided into sets with common checks. In order to estimate the effect of FAS and the level of tolerance of each genotype to FAS, in each location and crop year, there was conducted two experiments with applications of different fungicides: in the first experiment was applied one fungicide for controlling only the soybean late season leaf diseases (DFC), while in the second experiment were applied one fungicides with active principles for controlling DFC as well as FAS. In the experiments with control of DFC and FAS there was tendency of superior means for PG and PCS. The methodology of contrasting the plant reactions to different fungicides was effective for estimating the effect of FAS and the level of tolerance of each genotype to FAS. The pressure of the fungal FAS on progenies ranged among crop years, being highest in 2009-10. The location Anhumas stood out among the rest, enabling high average seed yield (PG) in all evaluated crop years; this environment also proved to be suitable for estimating the rust effect. The parents 1 (USP 04-18032) and 5 (USP 11-38) were those that originated the earliest progenies and parents 3 (USP 97-08135) and 10 (USP 191-104-11) the later progenies. The parents 8 (USP 191-102-03) and 10 (USP 191-104-11) were the main contributors to higher average PG and one hundred seed weight (PSC). However, the parent 4 ( BUSP 16-015 ) exceeded for PG, besides also have presented high value of average combining ability for PG, in average of the three crop years. The cross 7x10 (USP 14-06-20 x USP 191-104-11) stood out by originating the highest number of progenies with superior performance in PG and tolerance to FAS. On the other hand, the parents 1 (USP 04-18 032), 3 (USP 97-08 135), and 9 (USP 191-103-12) have contributed with the smallest number of superior progenies in PG. There was variation among progenies within cross, for the estimates of adaptability and phenotypic stability parameters. Consequently, the progenies 231-2224-12 (6x8 = USP 97-10 046 x USP 191-102-03), 231-6127-06 (1x8 = USP 04-18 032 x USP 191- 102-03), and 231-1120 - 08 (7x10 = USP 14-06-20 x USP 191-104-11) were the most suitable for the utilization as parents in the recurrent selection for tolerance to FAS.

As sementes de Myrciaria dubia apresentam curta longevidade e demandam a ampliação do conhecimento sobre fatores interferentes na sua conservação. Diante disso, o presente trabalho objetivou verificar as influências do grau de umidade e da temperatura do ambiente na manutenção da qualidade dessas sementes. Para tanto, sementes com 48, 43, 40, 34, 30, 24, 18 e 14% de água, acondicionadas em sacos de polietileno, foram armazenadas sob temperaturas controladas de 10ºC, 20ºC e 30ºC, durante 280 dias, e submetidas, periodicamente, a avaliações do grau de umidade, da germinação, do vigor e da sanidade. Foi constatado que as sementes têm a conservação favorecida pela associação do grau de umidade de 43% com a temperatura de armazenamento de 10°C; sob essa condição, a incidência de Fusarium sp. não prejudica o desempenho fisiológico das sementes. / Seeds of Myrciaria dubia have a short lifespan and increased knowledge of the factors that interfere with their conservation is required. The aim of this study was to verify influences of moisture content and storage temperature on the maintenance of seed quality. Seeds with 48, 43, 40, 34, 30, 24, 18 and 14% water were kept in polyethylene bags at 10ºC, 20ºC and 30ºC for 280 days, and submitted to periodic evaluations of moisture content, germination, vigour and sanity. Seed conservation was favored by the 43% water and 10°C storage temperature association. In this condition, the incidence of Fusarium sp. does not hamper the seed physiological performance.

Despite extensive international acceptance of the critical role of mammalian post-dispersal seed predation in many plant communities, in New Zealand we have limited knowledge of these predators’ influence on plant recruitment in our forests. The principle objective of my thesis was to determine the importance of exotic mammals as post-dispersal seed predators in a New Zealand conifer-broadleaf forest remnant. To address this goal, I used a series of field-based experiments where the actions of different post-dispersal seed predators were separated by wire-mesh exclosures. My study was conducted at Mount Peel Forest Park Scenic Reserve, South Canterbury, New Zealand. Being a human modified conifer forest currently dominated by broadleaf species, it is typical of forest remnants in New Zealand. This presented an opportunity to study a wide range of both potential post-dispersal seed predators and broadleaf tree species. My findings indicate that exotic mammals are not only post-dispersal seed predators at Peel Forest, but are responsible for the majority of post-dispersal predation events observed. Ship rats (Rattus rattus) were the dominant post-dispersal seed predators, while brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula), house mice (Mus musculus) and native invertebrates were also important post-dispersal seed predators for several tree species. Through use of time-lapse video and cafeteria experiments I found that exotic mammalian seed predators, when compared to native invertebrate seed predators, preyed upon larger-seeded plant species and were responsible for considerable seed losses of several tree species. However, exotic mammalian seed predators do share several foraging characteristics with native invertebrate seed predators, as predators foraged in similar habitats and responded in a similar way to changes in seed density. In investigating if post-dispersal seed predation by mammals had a flow-on effect to plant recruitment, I observed natural seedling densities at Peel Forest were significantly higher in the absence of mammalian seed predators, but I found no evidence that the presence of mammals significantly altered the overall species richness. At the community level, I did not find an interaction between habitat and exotic mammals, however I present evidence that for individual plant species a significant mammal : habitat interaction occurred. Consequently, even though my cafeteria experiment implied there was no significant difference in the overall amount of seed preyed upon within different habitats, the less favourable microsite conditions for germination under an intact continuous canopy allows mammals to exacerbate habitat-related patterns of seed mortality and have a noticeable effect on seedling establishment. In an effort to validate the use of manipulative experiments to predict the long-term effect of post-dispersal seed predation on plant dynamics, I attempted to link results of my cafeteria experiment with observed seedling abundance at Peel Forest. Seven tree species were used in this comparison and a strong correlation was observed. This result shows that the level of post-dispersal seed predation determined in the cafeteria experiment provided a good predictor of the effect of mammalian post-dispersal seed predation on seedling establishment. To fully gauge the impact of mammalian post-dispersal seed predators on seedling establishment, the relationship between these seed predators and the type of recruitment limitation experienced by a plant species was also investigated. By using a combination of seed addition, plot manipulations and seed predator exclusion I was able to investigate this relationship. I found evidence that seed limitation at Peel Forest is positively correlated with seed size, and that while mammalian post-dispersal seed predators can further reduce plant recruitment of plant species experiencing seed limitation, the influence of mammals in determining plant recruitment was limited for plant species experiencing microsite limitation. My study has proven that exotic mammals are now the dominant post-dispersal seed predators at Peel Forest, the amount of seed preyed upon varies among plant species, and post-dispersal seed predation by mammalian species can lead to differences in seedling richness and abundance. I proved that the influence of exotic mammals on seedling establishment is also linked to habitat structure and recruitment limitations. When combined these observations suggest that exotic mammalian post-dispersal seed predators may play an important role in determining landscape abundance and distribution of plants at Peel Forest.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:44:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGPV14MA138.pdf: 1499823 bytes, checksum: 43bb00530c794a8a0bd7e5e0266cd64d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-28 / The sustainability of agricultural systems has been a collective effort of farmers, technical assistants and researchers, where the maintenance of agrobiodiversity is essential for food production in a sustainable manner. Knowledge of the potential characteristics of seeds landraces on condition of organic and conventional crops can assist in recovery, by farmers, the habit of conserving seeds and increase the use of these genetic resources by farmers, also increasing the possibility of management and conservation agrobiodiversity. The objective of this study was to characterize the physiological quality (viability and vigor), health quality (incidence of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) and storability (tolerance to deterioration) of seeds of bean genotypes grown in two agricultural crops under organic and conventional cultivation, in order to obtain information on the genetic response of each cultivar to different production systems and the potential of each genotype as attributes of physiological and sanitary quality of seeds. The seeds were grown in field crops in 2011/2012 and 2012/2013, in Campos Novos / SC. Twenty-six genotypes (Table 1) were used, originating from the collection of Active Bank of bean germplasm (BAF) of Agroveterinárias Sciences Center of the State University of Santa Catarina - CAV / UDESC. The analyzes were performed on Seeds Analysis Laboratory (LAS), the CAV / UDESC, soon after harvest and after storage of seeds in the laboratory, between the months of March to October, with temperature and relative humidity of the ambient air. Was held germination tests, emergency field, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging, cold, measuring the lengths of seedlings and sanity. The genetic diversity found in the results and ranking the sum of posts Mulamba and Mock associated with the grouping method of Scott-Knott, allowed categorizing genotypes for physiological quality and storability of seeds. The landraces BAF 75, 55, 81, 84, 60, 13, 36, 42 and the commercial cultivars BAF 110 and 121 were identified with high potential physiological quality in seeds produced, and indicated for seed production both in conditions organic and conventional farming. The landraces BAF 84, 81, 75, 55, 36 and 42 were identified with high physiological potential of seed storage in the conditions of temperature and humidity uncontrolled, being able to maintain the viability and vigor of seeds for a period of eight months after harvesting, what allows the use of seed for the next crop. The landraces BAF 42 and 75 presented high seed quality in both agricultural system in the two years of cultivation, maintained after storage and with a low infection of C. lindemuthianum / A sustentabilidade dos sistemas agrícolas tem sido um esforço coletivo de agricultores, assistentes técnicos e pesquisadores, onde a manutenção da agrobiodiversidade é indispensável para a produção de alimentos de forma sustentável. O conhecimento das características potenciais das sementes dos genótipos crioulos sob condição de cultivo orgânico e convencional pode auxiliar na retomada, por parte dos agricultores, do hábito de conservação de suas sementes e potencializar o uso destes recursos genéticos pelo agricultor, ampliando também a possibilidade de manejo e a conservação da agrobiodiversidade. O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar a qualidade fisiológica (viabilidade e o vigor), qualidade sanitária (incidência de Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) e o potencial de armazenamento (tolerância a deterioração) das sementes de genótipos crioulos e comerciais de feijão produzidas em duas safras agrícolas sob cultivo orgânico e convencional, com o intuito de obter informações sobre a resposta genética de cada cultivar aos diferentes sistemas de produção e as potencialidades de cada genótipo quanto aos atributos de qualidade fisiológica e sanitária das sementes. As sementes foram produzidas em campo, nas safras 2011/2012 e 2012/2013, em Campos Novos/SC. Foram utilizados vinte e seis genótipos de feijão (Tabela 1), com origem da coleção do Banco Ativo de germoplasma de feijão (BAF) do Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina CAV/UDESC. As análises das sementes foram realizadas no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes (LAS), do CAV/UDESC, logo após a colheita e após o armazenamento das sementes no laboratório, entre os meses de março a outubro, com temperatura e umidade relativa do ar ambiente. Realizou-se os testes de germinação, emergência a campo, condutividade elétrica, envelhecimento acelerado, frio, medição dos comprimentos de plântulas e sanidade. A diversidade genética encontrada nos resultados e a classificação na soma de postos de Mulamba e Mock associada ao método de agrupamento de Scott-Knott, permitiu categorizar os genótipos quanto à qualidade fisiológicas e o potencial de armazenamento das sementes. As cultivares crioulas BAF 75, 55, 81, 84, 60, 13, 36, 42 e as cultivares comerciais BAF 110 e 121 foram identificadas com alto potencial de qualidade fisiológica nas sementes produzidas, e indicadas para a produção de sementes, tanto nas condições de cultivo orgânico como convencional. As cultivares crioulas BAF 84, 81, 75, 55, 36 e 42 foram identificadas com alto potencial fisiológico de armazenamento das sementes nas condições de temperatura e umidade ambiente, sendo capazes de manter a viabilidade e o vigor das sementes por um período de oito meses após a colheita, o que permite o uso das semente para a safra seguinte. As cultivares crioulas BAF 42 e 75 apresentaram alta qualidade das sementes produzidas em ambos os sistema agrícolas nos dois anos de cultivo, mantida após o armazenamento e com baixa infecção de C. lindemuthianum

As sementes de Myrciaria dubia apresentam curta longevidade e demandam a ampliação do conhecimento sobre fatores interferentes na sua conservação. Diante disso, o presente trabalho objetivou verificar as influências do grau de umidade e da temperatura do ambiente na manutenção da qualidade dessas sementes. Para tanto, sementes com 48, 43, 40, 34, 30, 24, 18 e 14% de água, acondicionadas em sacos de polietileno, foram armazenadas sob temperaturas controladas de 10ºC, 20ºC e 30ºC, durante 280 dias, e submetidas, periodicamente, a avaliações do grau de umidade, da germinação, do vigor e da sanidade. Foi constatado que as sementes têm a conservação favorecida pela associação do grau de umidade de 43% com a temperatura de armazenamento de 10°C; sob essa condição, a incidência de Fusarium sp. não prejudica o desempenho fisiológico das sementes. / Seeds of Myrciaria dubia have a short lifespan and increased knowledge of the factors that interfere with their conservation is required. The aim of this study was to verify influences of moisture content and storage temperature on the maintenance of seed quality. Seeds with 48, 43, 40, 34, 30, 24, 18 and 14% water were kept in polyethylene bags at 10ºC, 20ºC and 30ºC for 280 days, and submitted to periodic evaluations of moisture content, germination, vigour and sanity. Seed conservation was favored by the 43% water and 10°C storage temperature association. In this condition, the incidence of Fusarium sp. does not hamper the seed physiological performance.

A ferrugem asiática da soja (FAS) foi constatada pela primeira vez no Brasil em 2000/2001, tendo desde então ocasionado elevados prejuízos aos sojicultores. O emprego de cultivares geneticamente resistentes/tolerantes é um componente fundamental de um programa integrado para controle desta doença. A pesquisa tem encontrado muita dificuldade, pois o fungo Phakopsora pachyrhizi apresenta grande variabilidade patogênica e as poucas fontes de resistência/tolerância disponíveis não são adaptadas às condições brasileiras. O objetivo geral do presente estudo foi avaliar a performance de linhagens experimentais de soja derivadas de cruzamentos entre genitores tolerantes à ferrugem asiática, com a finalidade de incrementar a tolerância a FAS. Os experimentos foram conduzidos durante os anos agrícolas 2008-09, 2009-10 e 2010-11, nas Estações Experimentais Anhumas e Areão e na sede (ESALQ), áreas estas pertencentes à Escola Superior de Agricultura \"Luiz de Queiroz\" e situadas no município de Piracicaba - SP. Os experimentos com as progênies nas gerações F2:4, F2:5 e F2:6 foram delineados em blocos aumentados de Federer, sendo cada experimento subdividido em conjuntos experimentais com testemunhas comuns. Para estimar o efeito ferrugem e o nível de tolerância de cada genótipo a FAS, em cada local e ano agrícola, foram conduzidos dois experimentos com aplicações de fungicidas diferentes: no primeiro experimento aplicou-se fungicida para controle apenas das doenças de final de ciclo (DFC), enquanto que no segundo experimento, foi aplicado fungicida com princípios ativos para o controle tanto das DFC quanto da FAS. Nos experimentos com controle de DFC e FAS houve tendência de médias maiores para PG e PCS. A metodologia do contraste de reações das plantas a fungicidas distintos foi eficiente em estimar o efeito ferrugem e a reação de cada genótipo a FAS. A pressão do fungo da FAS sobre as progênies variou entre os anos agrícolas, tendo sido maior em 2009-10. O local Anhumas destacou-se entre os demais, possibilitando altas médias de produtividade de grãos (PG) em todos os anos agrícolas avaliados. Este ambiente também mostrou-se apropriado para estimar o efeito ferrugem. Os genitores 1 (USP 04-18.032) e 5 (USP 11-38) foram os que originaram as progênies mais precoces e os genitores 3 (USP 97-08.135) e 10 (USP 191-104-11) as progênies mais tardias. Os genitores 8 (USP 191-102-03) e 10 (USP 191-104-11) foram os que mais contribuíram para elevadas médias de PG e peso de cem sementes (PCS). Já o genitor 4 (BUSP 16-015) destacou-se na média de PG, além de ter apresentado valor alto de capacidade média de combinação para PG, na média dos três anos agrícolas. O cruzamento 7x10 (USP 14-06-20 x USP 191-104-11) destacou-se originando o maior número de progênies com desempenho superior em PG e tolerância a FAS. Por outro lado, os genitores 1 (USP 04-18.032), 3 (USP 97-08.135) e 9 (USP 191-103-12) foram os que menos contribuíram para a geração de progênies com alta PG. Houve variação entre as progênies dentro de cruzamentos para as estimativas dos parâmetros de adaptabilidade e estabilidade fenotípica. Consequentemente, as progênies 231- 2224-12 (6x8 = USP 97-10.046 x USP 191-102-03), 231-6127-06 (1x8 = USP 04- 18.032 x USP 191-102-03) e 231-1120-08 (7x10 = USP 14-06-20 x USP 191-104-11) foram as mais indicadas para a seleção recorrente para tolerância a FAS. / The Asian soybean rust (FAS) was reported for the first time in Brazil in 2000/2001 and has since caused considerable damage to soybean crops. The use of genetically resistant cultivars is a key component of an integrated program to control this disease. In the researches has been found many difficulties because the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi shows great variability in pathogenicity and the small number of sources of resistance that are available has no adaptability to Brazilian environmental conditions. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of experimental soybean lines derived from crosses among soybean rust tolerant parents, in order to increase the horizontal resistance (tolerance). The experiments were conducted during the crop years 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010-11, in three experimental stations (Anhumas, Areão and ESALQ), areas belonging to the College of Agriculture \"Luiz de Queiroz\" and located within the municipality of Piracicaba, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The experiments with progenies in generations F2:4, F2:5 and F2:6 were designed in augmented block of Federer, with each experiment divided into sets with common checks. In order to estimate the effect of FAS and the level of tolerance of each genotype to FAS, in each location and crop year, there was conducted two experiments with applications of different fungicides: in the first experiment was applied one fungicide for controlling only the soybean late season leaf diseases (DFC), while in the second experiment were applied one fungicides with active principles for controlling DFC as well as FAS. In the experiments with control of DFC and FAS there was tendency of superior means for PG and PCS. The methodology of contrasting the plant reactions to different fungicides was effective for estimating the effect of FAS and the level of tolerance of each genotype to FAS. The pressure of the fungal FAS on progenies ranged among crop years, being highest in 2009-10. The location Anhumas stood out among the rest, enabling high average seed yield (PG) in all evaluated crop years; this environment also proved to be suitable for estimating the rust effect. The parents 1 (USP 04-18032) and 5 (USP 11-38) were those that originated the earliest progenies and parents 3 (USP 97-08135) and 10 (USP 191-104-11) the later progenies. The parents 8 (USP 191-102-03) and 10 (USP 191-104-11) were the main contributors to higher average PG and one hundred seed weight (PSC). However, the parent 4 ( BUSP 16-015 ) exceeded for PG, besides also have presented high value of average combining ability for PG, in average of the three crop years. The cross 7x10 (USP 14-06-20 x USP 191-104-11) stood out by originating the highest number of progenies with superior performance in PG and tolerance to FAS. On the other hand, the parents 1 (USP 04-18 032), 3 (USP 97-08 135), and 9 (USP 191-103-12) have contributed with the smallest number of superior progenies in PG. There was variation among progenies within cross, for the estimates of adaptability and phenotypic stability parameters. Consequently, the progenies 231-2224-12 (6x8 = USP 97-10 046 x USP 191-102-03), 231-6127-06 (1x8 = USP 04-18 032 x USP 191- 102-03), and 231-1120 - 08 (7x10 = USP 14-06-20 x USP 191-104-11) were the most suitable for the utilization as parents in the recurrent selection for tolerance to FAS.

No description available.

No description available.