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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Verdes-dentro e verdes-fora : visões prospectivas para espaços abertos urbanos - privados e publicos - em area habitacional de interesse social / Inside greens and outside greens : prospective visions for urban open sapces - private and public - in self-built housing

Monteiro, Evandro Ziggiatti, 1967- 17 September 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Doris Catharine Cornelie Knatz Kowaltowski / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T22:56:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Monteiro_EvandroZiggiatti_D.pdf: 54099352 bytes, checksum: 499a9322e573da09268f69802c7161e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: A inserção da vegetação na paisagem urbana tem sido explorada como uma forma simples e eficaz de melhorar a qualidade de vida das cidades. O principal objetivo deste estudo de caso está na investigação da aceitação do verde como catalisador de melhorias na sensação de conforto ambiental e da paisagem nos bairros autoconstruídos de centros urbanos brasileiros. Propõe uma abordagem mais integrada dos espaços abertos, introduzindo o conceito de um sistema ¿verdes-dentro¿ e ¿verdes-fora¿, como forma alternativa e holística de pensar a disponibilidade de áreas verdes na cidade. Os espaços abertos . privados e públicos . de um bairro de autoconstrutores da cidade de Campinas-SP (Residencial São José) foram levantados a partir de fotografias aéreas e caracterizados morfologicamente. O trabalho defende a utilização de uma metodologia baseada no processo de projeto do arquiteto em investigações como esta, que envolvem a forma e a qualidade do espaço físico, tanto no presente quanto no futuro. A partir de uma base de CAD (desenho com auxílio de computador) foram gerados três tipos de desenhos à mão: 1. a situação atual da paisagem; 2. simulação de um futuro provável, de adensamento sem a presença de vegetação e 3. simulação de um futuro desejável, com a inserção de vegetação, criando-se uma imagem chamada de ¿verde pleno¿. Os desenhos tornaram-se substratos importantes para aplicação de entrevistas que procuravam investigar a visão dos moradores sobre a sua comunidade e sobre o seu senso de desenvolvimento futuro do bairro. Esses desenhos, chamados de ¿visões prospectivas¿, foram feitos com base no próprio ambiente do morador, substituindo as analogias com imagens de outros lugares que são comuns em metodologias participativas. As entrevistas focam a relação dos moradores com os espaços abertos de seu próprio lote (verdes-dentro) e com o espaço público (verdes-fora), e a sua percepção de conforto ambiental e de qualidade da paisagem. Os resultados do estudo mostram que, embora os espaços abertos existentes sejam efetivamente pouco aproveitados para uma boa condição do conforto e da paisagem do bairro, o método dos desenhos prospectivos causa identificação imediata do morador com as situações apresentadas. Conclui que muitos dos moradores autoconstrutores exercem um papel ativo na tentativa de melhoria das condições ambientais de seu bairro através da inserção e defesa do verde. Finalmente conclui que a inserção do verde é sempre positiva para a melhoria das condições do ambiente e da paisagem desses bairros, embora não seja ainda conclusivo quanto a sua maior eficácia se aplicada em ambas as categorias de espaços abertos, privados e públicos / Abstract: Nature.s insertion in the urban landscape has been explored as a simple and efficient measure to enhance cities. quality of life. The main goal of this case study is the investigation of the social acceptance of greening Brazilian owner-built residential areas and of its positive effects on environmental comfort perception and on the landscape. The study proposed an increased integration of open spaces in these suburbs, with the introduction of a concept termed ¿spaces outside¿ and ¿spaces inside¿. This concept is seen as an alternative and more holistic form of working with green in urban areas. Open spaces (private and public) of a specific owner-built suburb (Residencial São José) in the city of Campinas, Brazil, were evaluated through aerial photographs and these were morphologically characterized. This work defends a methodology based on the architects. non-verbal language and processes in investigations where it is important to analyze the shape and quality of the physical space, present and future. From this data CAD (Computer Aided Design) base, drawings were produced and rendered by hand to create three scenarios: 1. images of the current situation of the area with its present built-up condition; 2. images of probable future developments of the area without green areas and lacking vegetation and 3, images simulating of a future urban condition with vegetation purposely distributed, creating what might be called the "fully green" possibility or vision. These drawings became important support material for the interviews held with the local population to investigate their views on their community and their sense of the future development of the area. The interview method with images of ¿prospective visions¿ of the specific reality replaced the more common method, used in participatory processes, with typical analog images of other ¿foreign¿ places The interviews focused on the relation of the population with the open spaces on their own lots, ¿inside spaces¿, and with the public green areas, ¿outside spaces¿. The inquiry was centered on the feelings of comfort and the urban landscape quality. The results of the study show that, even though the existing open spaces are little used to improve to environmental comfort conditions and add little to the image of a recommended urban landscape, the method caused an immediate identification of the inhabitants with the situations shown. Concludes that many of the owner-builders do play an active role in trying to improve their district conditions through inserting and taking care of green. And also concludes that greening is always a positive way of improving environmental and landscape quality in low income districts, but the results are not conclusive about its more efficiency when applied to both their open spaces categories: private and public / Doutorado / Arquitetura e Construção / Doutor em Engenharia Civil
12

Incremento de la resistencia al corte en viviendas de albañilería confinada autoconstruidas con placas de concreto prefabricado

Ramos Guadalupe, Jerson Napoleon, Villagaray Camposano, Leonardo André 20 January 2021 (has links)
En el presente artículo científico se establece una estimación del incremento de rigideces de 3 viviendas autoconstruidas en la ciudad de Lima-Perú. Para el análisis de estas 3 edificaciones, se recopiló información de un estudio realizado por SENCICO en el año 2016, el cual brinda las condiciones actuales de las viviendas. [1] Posteriormente, se modelo las edificaciones en Etabs 2016 y se cuantificó el incremento de la resistencia al corte que genera el correcto uso de placas de concreto prefabricadas como refuerzo estructural. Finalmente, como resultados más importantes se obtuvo que el uso de estos elementos en la primera vivienda incrementó las rigideces en el eje más crítico en máximo 93.34%, en la segunda vivienda en 24.14 % y en la tercera vivienda 36.36%, factores que son más elevados en el eje X, ya que las viviendas analizadas tienen poca densidad de muros en este eje. / This scientific article establishes an estimate of the increase in rigidities of 3 self-built houses in the city of Lima, in the district of Villa el Salvador, in Peru. For the correct analysis of these 3 buildings, information was collected from a study carried out by SENCICO in 2016 of the current conditions of the homes. Subsequently, the increase in shear resistance generated by the correct use of precast concrete plates as structural reinforcement was quantified. Finally, as the most important results, it was obtained that the use of these elements in the first home increased the rigidities in the most critical axis by a maximum of 93.34%, in the second home by 24.14% and in the third home by 36.36%, factors that They are higher on the X axis, since the houses analyzed have a low density of walls on this axis. / Trabajo de investigación
13

Propuesta metodológica constructiva de reforzamiento de viviendas autoconstruidas de bajo desempeño sísmico utilizando muros de concretos prefabricados en el distrito de Villa el Salvador / Constructive methodological proposal for the reinforcement of self-built houses with low seismic performance using precast concrete walls in the district of Villa el Salvador

Ramos Guadalupe, Jerson Napoleon, Villagaray Camposano, Leonardo André 02 February 2022 (has links)
El Perú es un país altamente sísmico, pues se encuentra dentro del cinturón de fuego del océano pacifico. Debido a ello, es indispensable que las estructuras construidas y por construir, no colapsen frente a sismos severos. Sin embargo, en un país con una gran cantidad de informalidad y una gran existencia de viviendas autoconstruidas, el riesgo por colapso es elevado. Esto principalmente es causado debido a la mano de obra poco capacitada y, en algunos casos, la poca calidad de los materiales empleados en la construcción. No obstante, en un país con gran cantidad de habitantes dependientes de la informalidad, no siempre existe la posibilidad económica de demoler sus viviendas y construir nuevas viviendas que cumplan los requisitos sísmicos necesarios. Debido a ello, el reforzamiento de edificaciones, en muchos casos, es una alternativa económica y eficiente para asegurar que las construcciones no colapsen frente a un sismo severo. Por todos los motivos anteriormente mencionados, la investigación que realizamos en esta tesis consiste redactar un adecuado procedimiento constructivo de reforzamiento de viviendas autoconstruidas de albañilería confinada con placas de concreto prefabricadas, las cuales incrementan la resistencia al corte de las edificaciones en al menos 10 % y disminuye considerablemente los desplazamientos inelásticos máximos que se producen en las construcciones. / Perú is a highly seismic country, as it is within the Pacific Ocean Fire Belt. Due to this, it is essential that the structures built and to be built do not collapse in the face of severe earthquakes. However, in a country with a large amount of informality and a large stock of self-built housing, the risk of collapse is high. This is mainly due to the low-skilled workforce and, in some cases, the poor quality of the materials used in construction. However, in a country with a large number of inhabitants dependent on informality, there is not always the economic possibility to demolish their houses and build new houses that meet the necessary seismic requirements. Due to this, the reinforcement of buildings, in many cases, is an economical and efficient alternative to ensure that buildings do not collapse in the face of a severe earthquake. For all the reasons mentioned above, the research we carry out in this thesis consists of writing an adequate constructive procedure for the reinforcement of self-built houses with masonry confined with precast concrete plates, which increase the resistance to cutting of buildings by at least 10% and they considerably decrease the maximum inelastic displacements that occur in constructions. / Tesis
14

An Impossible Profession: How To Plan the Unplanned? / Det Omöjliga Yrket: Hur Det Oplanerade Kan Planeras

Bleeker, Jate January 2016 (has links)
A short film about how to design informality in the city. By comparing the chaotic Lagos with the orderly Stockholm the film rethinks the role of the designer and shows that planning as a sphere of building consistently destroys lived space. It illuminates the tension between the orderly and the chaotic, the ideal and reality.

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