Submitted by Irene Nascimento (irene.kessia@ufpe.br) on 2017-05-30T18:11:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Tese PROPAD (final)2 copy (1).pdf: 2288415 bytes, checksum: 4bbeda950018fbf66d1d55508f0e608a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-30T18:11:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Tese PROPAD (final)2 copy (1).pdf: 2288415 bytes, checksum: 4bbeda950018fbf66d1d55508f0e608a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-18 / A presente pesquisa teve o objetivo de analisar o papel moderador do foco regulatório na relação entre o esgotamento das energias de autocontrole (ego depletion) dos indivíduos e as decisões de consumo por impulso. Para isso, foram realizados quatro estudos experimentais. Os experimentos que foram desenvolvidos nesta tese foram fatoriais completos com designs de grupos independentes (between subject) (TABACHNICK; FIDELL, 2006). Os resultados mostraram que as características diferentes dos dois focos regulatórios (PHAM; CHANG, 2010), com a manipulação do foco em promoção (busca aproveitar oportunidades) e prevenção (evita situações que tragam problemas), ajudam a entender o comportamento das decisões de consumo por impulso, quando as energias para manter o autocontrole estão esgotadas. Uma das principais contribuições desta tese é um resultado contra-intuitivo, em que os sujeitos com perfil de serem vigilantes sobre suas decisões, e que exercem maior esforço para manterem o autocontrole em uma atividade, acabam cedendo em uma decisão de consumo por impulso. Foram encontradas evidências de que as pessoas que buscam aproveitar oportunidades são mais capazes de atenuar os efeitos do esgotamento dos recursos de autocontrole, consumindo menos por impulso. Estes resultados têm uma implicação, por exemplo, para os sujeitos que estão de dieta para perda de peso, se os mesmos focarem demasiadamente em suas restrições e preocupações com os alimentos que são tentadores ao consumo, e que geralmente são prejudiciais à saúde, muito provavelmente irão consumir por impulso, porque a atividade mental de evitar o alimento acaba esgotando as energias de autocontrole para outras tentações de consumo. / This study aimed to analyze the moderating role of regulatory focus on the relationship between ego depletion and impulsive consumption. For this, four experimental studies were performed. The experiments that have been developed in this research were 2 x 2 between subject factorial designs (TABACHNICK; FIDELL 2006). The results showed that the different characteristics of the two regulatory foci (PHAM; CHANG, 2010), by manipulating the focus on promotion (that search to seize opportunities) and prevention (that avoid situations that bring problems), help to understand the behavior of consumption decisions on impulse, when the energies to maintain self-control are exhausted. A major contribution of this research is a counterintuitive result, in which the subject profile to be vigilant about their decisions, and exerting greater effort to maintain self-control in an activity, do not resist the consumer temptations on impulse. Evidence was found that people who seek to take advantage of opportunities are better able to mitigate the effects of the depletion of selfcontrol resources, consuming less on impulse. These results have an implication, for example, for individuals who are dieting to lose weight, if they focus too much on their constraints and concerns about the foods that are tempting to the consumer, and are generally harmful to health, most likely will consume on impulse, because mental activity to avoid the food ends up depleting the self-control's energies to other consumer temptations.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Prejudice, albeit subtle, is still present in society and this has also affected blacks in a society that no longer wants to prove as hostile, bus still subtle prejudice rooted in the discourses and attitudes. Racial prejudice is therefore a construction of derogatory and hostile attitudes against socially marginalized groups, knowing that the term racial group is defined by social attitudes, not only biology or appearance. In this sense, this research seeks to question how the children, who are also participating in a social environment, respond to these issues of prejudice and identity processes, and to what extent self-control and sel-concept of these children are affected. The Self is a product of interaction between the person and their environment during their process of social construction, and Self-control is a way of controlling their own behavior, often in conflict situations, in accordance with standards set by society. Thus, analyzed 100 children from two public schools in the interior of Sergipe, aged between 11 and 12 years, 47 boys and 53 girls. The instruments used in understanding the questionnaire were bioecological investigation of racism and scales assessing self-concept and self-control. The results showed that children seek a greater identification with the category of color "white", valuing the stereotypes from this pattern, and self-concept and self-proved at low levels. Thus, it is thinking of bleaching processes in an attempt to value themselves and the group using an approximation of the group more valued socially. / O preconceito, ainda que de forma sutil, continua presente na sociedade e isso tem ainda afetado os negros, numa sociedade que já não quer se mostrar tão hostil, mas ainda com o preconceito sutil arraigado nos discursos e nas atitudes. O preconceito racial é, pois, uma construção de atitudes depreciativas e hostis contra grupos marginalizados socialmente, sabendo que o termo grupo racial é definido por atitudes sociais, e não somente pela biologia ou aparência. Neste sentido, a presente pesquisa busca questionar como as crianças, que também são participantes de um meio social, respondem a essas questões do preconceito e aos processos identitários, e até que ponto o autocontrole e o autoconceito destas crianças são acometidos. O Autoconceito é um produto da interação entre a pessoa e seu meio ambiente, durante seu processo de construção social, e o Autocontrole é uma forma de controlar o próprio comportamento, geralmente em situações conflituosas, de acordo com padrões definidos pela sociedade. Para tanto, foram analisadas 100 crianças de duas escolas públicas do interior de Sergipe, com idade entre 11 e 12 anos, sendo 47 meninos e 53 meninas. Os instrumentos utilizados dentro de uma compreensão bioecológica foram o questionário de investigação do racismo e as escalas de avaliação do autoconceito e autocontrole. Os resultados mostraram que as crianças buscam uma maior identificação com a categoria de cor branca , valorando os estereótipos a partir deste padrão, e o autoconceito e o autocontrole mostraram-se com níveis baixos. Assim, faz-se pensar em processos de branqueamento, numa tentativa de valorização de si e do grupo através de uma aproximação do grupo mais valorizado socialmente.

O momento da ordenha é fundamental para definir a qualidade do leite utilizado na indústria. Para obter leite e derivados com padrão de qualidade superior é fundamental investir em treinamentos, orientações e métodos que auxiliem no controle da matéria prima. O presente trabalho consistiu na adaptação e implantação de ferramentas de controle de qualidade, utilizados normalmente na indústria de alimentos, para o setor de ordenha. As ferramentas implantadas foram um Programa de Auto Controle (PAC), composto por um manual de Boas Práticas de Fabricação e os Procedimentos Padrão de Higiene Operacional (PPHO). Para avaliar a ocorrência de melhoras significativas com a implantação do PAC, foram comparados os índices de qualidade do leite (contagem de células somáticas e contagem bacteriana total) do tanque resfriador nos períodos anteriores e posteriores ao estudo. Conclui-se que a adaptação e aplicação do PAC nas atividades da ordenha, conforme descrito neste estudo, apresentou melhorias na qualidade do leite. / The milking procedures are crucial to defining the quality of milk used in industry. To obtain milk and dairy products with a higher quality standard, it is essential to invest in training, guidelines and methods that help in the control of the raw material. The present study consisted in the adaptation and implantation of quality control tools, normally used in the food industry, for the milking parlor sector. The tools implemented were an Auto Control Program (PAC), composed of a Manual of Good Manufacturing Practices and the Standard Procedures of Operational Hygiene (PPHO). To assess the occurrence of significant improvements with PAC implantation, the milk quality indices (somatic cell counts and total bacterial counts) of the cooling tank were compared in the periods before and after the study. It was concluded that the adaptation and application of PAC in milking activities, as described in this study, showed improvements in milk quality.

This study compared the differential influence of reframing, self-control, and neutral counselor interventions on high and low trait-anxious subjects' self -descriptions as measured by the Adjective Check List. Reframing was predicted to be superior to self-control and neutral interventions in eliciting more favorable self-descriptions. An interaction was also predicted between counselor intervention and trait anxiety such that, in the reframing condition, low trait-anxious subjects would describe themselves more positively than high trait-anxious subjects.

The effect of self-control on one’s criminal offending is a product of both an individual’s capacity to exercise self-control as well as their desire to exercise self-control. The present study utilized self-report data gathered at a large urban university in Florida (n=1,307) to test the independent and interactive effects of control-capacity and control-desire on intimate partner violence perpetration. The study suggests that while both capacity and desire for control have effects on one’s likelihood of reporting IPV, these effects are independent of each other.

M.Ed. / Selfregulering is sinoniem met akademiese sukses en onafhanklike leer. Selfgereguleerde leerders aanvaar verantwoordelikheid vir hul eie leer en vertoon ’n groter mate van dieper leer as leerders wat nie selfgereguleer is nie. Selfregulering word ook beskou as die blywendste en hoogs erkende uitkoms van leer. Opvoeders het ’n deurslaggewende rol om te speel in die voorbereiding van leerders om op hul eie te leer en in die voorsiening van ’n onderrigomgewing wat die gebruik van selfregulerende prosesse sal kweek. Ondersteuning wat in kursusse ingebou is, kan leerders se selfregulerende praktyke versterk en hulle help om onafhanklike leerders te word. Ongelukkig is selfregulering ’n moeilike onderriguitkoms om te behaal en baie leerders wat by hoëronderwysinstellings inskryf, beskik nie oor die nodige selfreguleringsvaardighede om die eise van hul studie te hanteer nie. Die literatuur het aangedui dat baie min studies uitgevoer is om te ontleed wat opvoeders doen om selfregulering in hul kursusse te ondersteun. Die doel van hierdie studie was om te bepaal in watter mate ondersteuning gebied word vir selfregulering in ’n meestersgraadkursus in rekenaargesteunde onderwys. Die studie het begin met ’n verkenning van die begrip “selfregulering”. Selfregulerende leerstrategieë en -prosesse wat met akademiese sukses en onafhanklike leer verband hou, is geïdentifiseer en vir die ontwikkeling van ’n waarnemingskedule gebruik. Hierdie waarnemingskedule is as die primêre instrument gebruik om die aanwesigheid of afwesigheid van ondersteuning vir selfregulering in die genoemde kursus te bepaal. Fokusgroep- en sleutelinformantonderhoude is gevoer om die leerders se persepsies van die kursus en hoe hierdie persepsies hul leer beïnvloed, te bepaal. Die onderhoude is as aanvullend by die gestruktureerde waarnemingskedule gebruik en is beskou as ’n waardevolle hulpmiddel om die bevindings van die waarnemingskedule te bevestig. Die bevindings van die studie toon duidelik waar ondersteuning vir selfregulering aanwesig is en waar dit steeds ontbreek. Die ingeboude ondersteuning in die kursus bied die leerders ruim geleentheid om die meeste selfregulerende leerstrategieë, maar nie almal nie, aktief te gebruik. Daar is verder vasgestel dat die leerders se verhoogde betrokkenheid by selfregulering oor die algemeen hul onafhanklikheid, akademiese prestasie en leeroordrag skyn te verbeter.

Psychological momentum (PM) is often regarded as an important phenomenon that influences athlete performance. Nevertheless, conceptualisations of PM are criticised for being speculative, vague and impractical for scientific inquiry. In contrast, self-regulation is a long-standing, well researched concept used to explain performance outcomes, yet not clearly integrated in current PM conceptualisations. Hence, this thesis explores self-regulation relative to PM. Golf was considered to be an appropriate context for the empirical inquiries on the basis that it serves as a metaphor for managing life’s challenges. Three studies were conducted. The first study entailed a systematic conceptual analysis of PM based on previous conceptualisations and studies in relevant scientific literature. Self-regulatory processes were identified among the key psychological mechanisms and moderators related to PM. The second study aimed to identify key self-regulation strategies in PM experiences among 16 golfers. A mixed method approach including novel “walk-along” and “think aloud” data collection techniques was used. An inductive thematic analysis yielded a comprehensive typology golfing strategies. Nevertheless, the study did not find consistent strategy patterns in positive or negative PM phases. The third study explored the self-regulation of identity (ego-regulation) in relation to PM phases. A staggered multiple-baseline single-case research methodology was used with five golfers (three professionals and two amateurs). Ego-regulation was manipulated through a mindfulness-based schema mode program tailored to golf (Mindfulness for Golf; MFG). Pre-, mid- and post-intervention data showed positive changes among the participants on two dimensions of PM as well as performance outcomes. Overall the results suggest that golfers use idiosyncratic self-regulation processes to facilitate performance, but these are not directly linked to PM phases. Nonetheless, there are promising indications that enhancing ego-regulation through the MFG program facilitates positive momentum among golfers. Based on the results of the studies in this thesis, and for the sake of scientific parsimony and pragmatism, it is recommended that self-regulation models incorporating motivation are used to explain momentum in athletic activity. In this view, PM has the function of describing, not influencing, goal-driven performance

This study analyzes the relationship between locus of control and interpersonal relations structures in Argentina. After a representative sample (n = 1500) of households in seven major urban centers (>200,000 inhabitants), it examines the relationship between the externality of locus of control and different aspects of personal networks of each respondent. The results show that people having more relations experiment lower levels of externality of locus of control. Likewise, lower levels of externality are informed when personal ties outside the neighborhood are available, as well as ties high educational level. In this regard, significant associations are verified between control and personal relations structures. / El presente estudio se propone analizar la relación entre la representación del locus de control y las estructuras de vínculos interpersonales en la Argentina. A partir de una muestra (n=1500) de hogares representativa de siete grandes centros urbanos (>200 mil habitantes) se examina la relación entre la externalidad del locus de control y diferentes aspectos de las redes personales de cada participante. Los resultados muestran que a mayor cantidad de relaciones disponibles se encuentran niveles inferiores de externalidad del locus de control, así como también menores niveles de externalidad al disponerse de lazos interpersonales fuera del barrio y con vínculos de nivel socioeducativo alto. En este sentido, se verifican asociaciones significativas entre representación de control del entorno y estructuras vinculares.

O momento da ordenha é fundamental para definir a qualidade do leite utilizado na indústria. Para obter leite e derivados com padrão de qualidade superior é fundamental investir em treinamentos, orientações e métodos que auxiliem no controle da matéria prima. O presente trabalho consistiu na adaptação e implantação de ferramentas de controle de qualidade, utilizados normalmente na indústria de alimentos, para o setor de ordenha. As ferramentas implantadas foram um Programa de Auto Controle (PAC), composto por um manual de Boas Práticas de Fabricação e os Procedimentos Padrão de Higiene Operacional (PPHO). Para avaliar a ocorrência de melhoras significativas com a implantação do PAC, foram comparados os índices de qualidade do leite (contagem de células somáticas e contagem bacteriana total) do tanque resfriador nos períodos anteriores e posteriores ao estudo. Conclui-se que a adaptação e aplicação do PAC nas atividades da ordenha, conforme descrito neste estudo, apresentou melhorias na qualidade do leite. / The milking procedures are crucial to defining the quality of milk used in industry. To obtain milk and dairy products with a higher quality standard, it is essential to invest in training, guidelines and methods that help in the control of the raw material. The present study consisted in the adaptation and implantation of quality control tools, normally used in the food industry, for the milking parlor sector. The tools implemented were an Auto Control Program (PAC), composed of a Manual of Good Manufacturing Practices and the Standard Procedures of Operational Hygiene (PPHO). To assess the occurrence of significant improvements with PAC implantation, the milk quality indices (somatic cell counts and total bacterial counts) of the cooling tank were compared in the periods before and after the study. It was concluded that the adaptation and application of PAC in milking activities, as described in this study, showed improvements in milk quality.

The present empirical work aims to discern the underlying mechanisms of purported developmental links among several key human characteristics including language skills, self-control, empathy, and psychopathic traits. Accordingly, three interrelated studies are carried out testing the longitudinal associations of various kinds (e.g., direct, indirect, bidirectional) among these constructs. All three studies are conceptually framed in consideration of the extant research and relevant theories. They employ the data set provided by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of Early Child Care and Youth Development Study of N = 1,364 children followed from infancy through middle adolescence. Study 1 tested the longitudinal bidirectional associations between language development, measured by the Letter-Word Identification and Picture Vocabulary tests of the WJ-R (McGrew, 1993), and self-control, measured by the Self-Control of SRSS (Gresham & Elliot, 1990) parent- report, from age 4.5 to 10.5 years. The data were analyzed using an autoregressive cross-lagged panel model with latent variables. Findings provided limited empirical support for the proposed bidirectional effects, indicating that once initial correlation between the two constructs, as well as their temporal stability is accounted for, most directional paths become non-significant, in particular, from self-control to language. However, the paths from language development to self- control, ages 4.5 to 6.5 and 6.5 to 8.5 were statistically significant and positive, suggesting more salient directional association from language to self-control. The goal of the Study 2 was twofold. It tested 1) whether there is a common factorial structure underlying empathy, psychopathy, and self-control, and 2) it tested the three main predictors, including positive parenting, easy temperament, and general intelligence, whether these all contribute uniquely to the development of empathy, psychopathic traits and self-control. Structural equation modeling and factor analysis techniques were used the test the research hypotheses. The findings revealed that despite considerable overlap at a construct level, there was a significant unique variance that remained unaccounted. They also demonstrated that all three variables shared one common developmental antecedent, namely positive parenting during infancy and early childhood. In addition, intelligence uniquely predicted empathy and psychopathic traits but not self-control, whereas temperament did not significantly predict any of the three dependent variables examined. Study 3 examined the salience test the salience of the Eisenberg’s (2005) model of empathy development, according to which the ability for empathy stems from two main individual characteristics, temperamental regulation and emotionality. It also investigated the impact of early socialization experiences not only on adolescent empathy but also on its proposed predictors. Infancy socialization indicators included: maternal sensitivity, quality of home environment and secure attachment, assessed at 6-36 months by mother-reports and/or observational accounts. Effortful control indicators included: attentional focusing and inhibitory control; whereas negative emotionality included anger and sadness, all assessed at the age of 4.5 years. Empathy was assessed at the age of 15 by adolescent self-report measure. Findings indicated that childhood temperamental traits did not significantly predict adolescent empathy, nor their interactive effects were supported by the data. In contrast, the role of early socialization influences was evidenced by significant positive association, uniquely accounting for a considerable amount of variance explained in adolescent empathy.