This is a sociological essay made by Johanna Friman. ”When it comes to sex” purpose is to understand the relation between individuals with intellectual disabilities sexuality (IID) and the  role adaption of staff members at group homes. The purpose is also to understand the meaning of attitudes in relation to role adaption and how staff members cooperation affect these roles. For the current essay I have used the dramaturgy perspective as a tool for the understanding of staff members role adoption. To understand the meaning of the sexuality amongst IID and as a completion to the dramaturgy perspective I have used the theory of sexual script as an implement. These theories has allowed me to understand role adaption in relation to sex and intimacy. The method that’s been used to gather information for the empirical material is mainly interviews. Observations has also been made mainly in purpose to get a deeper knowledge for the interpretation of the material from the interviews. The results of the study shows that staff members take on three different kinds of roles. The supportive role rises when the purpose is to support the sexuality of IID. The protective role rises when the purpose is to reduce sexual behaviour amongst IID to protect them. The last and third role is taken on by staff members when the purpose is to teach IID about acceptable sexual behavior.

This thesis is an exploratory study of the everyday lives of four women with various physical disabilities and how these women came to view themselves as sexual beings. Using an intersectional analysis and in-depth interviews, it examines these women's perceptions of expectations of normalcy in regard to life style, body image, and sexual practices, especially the expectations of their able-bodied family members and friends. It also explores how these disabled women deal with the stigmas they encounter in their everyday lives. Special attention is focused on how disabled people are often viewed as asexual or without sexual desires. By contrast, this thesis highlights the sexual agency of the disabled and includes policy implications that entail new ways of defining sexual practices, as well as the need for sex education for the disabled.

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The objective of this study was to determine whether programs in DeKalb County, Georgia, provided services that were relevant for successful resettlement of refugee women. Moreover, the principal goal of this study was to learn about the views of the women as to the barriers they faced and what factors were helping them achieve self-sufficiency. A comparative analysis was conducted on three of the largest refugee ethnic groups in DeKalb County: Vietnamese, Somalis and Bosnians. Using the theory of adaptation, the researcher investigated resettlement agencies and their role in assisting the refugee women in resettlement. The study examined the relationship among the services provided, the nutritional health status of refugee women served and the ability of the women to become functionally self-sufficient. The conclusion drawn from the data collected consisting of structured questionnaires suggested that there was a need for more services especially designed for refugee women.

O estoma causa impacto em várias esferas da vida da pessoa, inclusive na vivência da sexualidade, bem como na vivência do seu parceiro sexual. O tema sexualidade abrange inúmeros aspectos que passam pela fisicidade e subjetividade humana e que envolvem percepções e significados. Conhecer as representações sociais (RS) sobre a sexualidade de pessoas com estoma intestinal definitivo e identificar fatores que potencializam e ou dificultam sua vivência foram os objetivos deste estudo, tendo como referencial teórico-metodológico a Teoria das RS. A análise de conteúdo dos discursos obtidos por meio de entrevistas abertas, realizadas junto a 15 pessoas com estomas intestinais definitivos há um ano ou mais, cadastrados na Associação Vale Paraibana de Ostomizados -Taubaté (SP) permitiu significar três unidades temáticas: O SIGNIFICADO DA SEXUALIDADE, A VIVÊNCIA DA SEXUALIDADE: ANTES DO ESTOMA e RESSIGNIFICANDO A SEXUALIDADE. Demonstrou-se que o estoma intestinal interfere na dinâmica da vivência da sexualidade, desvelando que os significados a ela atribuídos estão ancorados nas histórias individuais de vida, na qualidade das relações pessoais/conjugais estabelecidas na prática e na percepção da sexualidade, apesar do estoma. Por outro lado, demonstrou que são necessárias preparações físicas e psicológicas para que a sexualidade seja reincorporada às práticas cotidianas das pessoas estomizadas. Soluções e estratégias simples e práticas foram adotadas pelos estomizados, facilitando o momento de intimidade, tornando-o mais próximo daquilo que vivenciavam antes da presença do estoma. A indicação da técnica da auto-irrigação associada ou não ao uso do oclusor intestinal foi referendada pelos seus usuários como elemento positivo e diferenciador para a prática da sexualidade após o estoma. Essa indicação pode ser incorporada à prática do profissional de saúde que os assiste, por meio de orientações claras e objetivas, que podem contribuir para facilitar a retomada de importante aspecto da vida humana, minimizar preocupações, medos, ansiedades e sofrimentos. A sexualidade da pessoa estomizada é plurideterminada por fatores que, interligados, influenciam sua compreensão da realidade, sua capacidade de vencer bloqueios crenças, valores pessoais, econômicos e sociais, sua percepção da qualidade do relacionamento conjugal e do acesso a informações, produtos e serviços de saúde qualificados / A stoma affects various aspects of a person\'s life, including sexuality, as well as that of his or her partner. The theme of sexuality encompasses innumerable aspects of human physicality and subjectivity and involves perceptions and meanings. To find out the social representations (SR) on the sexuality of people with permanent intestinal stoma and to identify factors that enhance and/or hamper their lives were the objectives of this study, using the Social Representation Theory (SR) as a theoretical-methodological reference. This study is based on the analysis of the material obtained through open interviews carried out with 15 people who have had permanent intestinal stomas for a year or more, and who are registered with the Associação Vale Paraibana de Ostomizados (Paraiba Valley Association for the Stomized) in Taubaté-SP. The analysis of data allowed for three thematic units: THE MEANING OF SEXUALITY FOR A STOMIZED PERSON, THE EXPERIENCE OF SEXUALITY BEFORE THE STOMA, and GIVING NEW MEANING TO SEXUALITY. This study demonstrated that the intestinal stoma interferes with the dynamics of the sexual experience, revealing that the meanings attributed to it are anchored in individual life stories, in the quality of the personal/conjugal relationships that are established through practice, and in the perception of sexuality despite the stoma. On the other hand, it showed that physical and psychological preparations are necessary for sexuality to be reincorporated as a routine practice by stomized patients. Simple and practical solutions and strategies were adopted by the stomized, facilitating the moment of intimacy, making it closer to what the partners experienced before the existence of the stoma. The recommendation of the self-irrigation technique associated or not to the use of the artificial sphincter, has been attested to by its users as a positive element that makes a difference in the sexual practice after the stoma. These strategies may be incorporated into the health practice of the professional who assists stoma patients, through clear and objective guidance, which can facilitate the resumption of an important aspect of life, and minimize worries, fears, anxieties, and suffering. The sexuality of the stomized person is determined by multiple factors which, interconnected, influence and sometimes define the path that this person will take. Among them are: the capacity of comprehending reality and of overcoming personal blockages and beliefs; personal, economical, and social values; the quality of the conjugal relationship, and the access to information, products, and qualified health services

Thesis advisor: Leslie Salzinger / Over a period of eight months, I conducted an ethnographic comparative study in a northeastern metropolitan area, identifying and exploring a variety of non-normative social spaces regarding both gender and sexuality. I focus this research on comparing two different non-normative communities of gender and sexuality, the queer and the lesbian communities. By concentrating on spaces populated by those who identify as queer, I witness and discuss the process of identity formation. Negotiation of both tangible and theoretical spaces contributes to the operationalization of queer as a category of identity. Using social space bound by identity as a unifying factor, I share observations of time spent in lesbian community, where intricacies of queerness, both as critique and as category of identity, were illuminated. The meaning of the theoretical construct of queer as explained in the literature and the experience of queer as an identity within community have areas of disconnect to which I draw attention in this paper. I interpret community space as giving power and visibility to the experience of those who live outside of, or between, gender norms in an experience that is unrecognized within mainstream heteronormative culture. I found this space creates a voice for a more encompassing and liberating embodiment of gender than that found in mainstream western society with its adherence / Thesis (MA) — Boston College, 2011. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Sociology.

Este estudo objetivou retratar e analisar a visão da criança em relação a sua sexualidade: concepções formadas, experiências, sentimentos gerados e efeitos sobre seu desenvolvimento. Trata-se de um estudo apoiado no método qualitativo descritivo-exploratório. Os dados coletados foram organizados segundo o referencial metodológico da Análise Temática do discurso. Participaram do estudo, crianças de seis a doze anos, integrantes de uma instituição não governamental que desenvolve atividades sócio-educativas. Foram entrevistadas, aos pares, 42 crianças. Utilizaram-se perguntas abertas e técnicas facilitadoras de comunicação: Técnicas de Normalização, Narrativa Autogênica e Brinquedo Terapêutico. A sistematização dos dados gerou as categorias empíricas: os meios de conhecimento, as concepções de sexualidade, o tempo e a sexualidade e a violência e a sexualidade. As crianças receberam mais informações sexuais do que uma educação sexual. A falta de orientação e informação, aliados à conhecimentos equivocados e estereotipados, deixavam um vasto campo para que as crianças elaborassem suas próprios julgamentos e respostas ao que elas viam e ouviam ao seu redor. Na opinião destas crianças, os pais eram mais repreensivos e não forneciam todas as informações que elas necessitariam. Desta forma elas buscavam outros meios para aprender sobre a sexualidade. Assim a televisão e os pares eram os meios mais procurados para informar-se. Fadadas a buscarem informações por conta própria, não eram capazes de construir e compreender de forma segura o significado de sexualidade. Para que uma criança cresça saudável é necessário garantir-lhes condições de vida satisfatória, inclusive no que se refere a sua sexualidade. Desconhecendo seus direitos acerca de sua sexualidade, as crianças ficavam vulneráveis e a violência permeava, com facilidade, o cotidiano e a vida destas crianças. O resultado desta pesquisa permite a elaboração de planejamentos terapêuticos que respondam às necessidades desta população, além de servir como base para elaboração de outros estudos que tangem o mesmo tema. A identificação de características acerca das concepções de sexualidade e das possíveis violências de natureza sexual sofridas pelas crianças, permite um preparo mais adequado dos profissionais da saúde no planejamento de intervenções destinadas a prevenir e controlar o processo de violência sexual. Estas informações também podem servir de base para incentivar mudanças na política de saúde e aumentar a participação da enfermagem em pesquisas referentes ao tema da sexualidade e da violência sexual contra crianças / This study aimed to portray and to analyze the child\'s vision in relation to his/her sexuality (conceptions formed, experiences, generated feelings and effects on his/her development), supported in the descriptive-exploratory qualitative method and the collected data were organized according to the methodological referential of the Thematic Analysis of the speech. They participated in the study, children from six to twelve years old, from a no government institution that it develops partner-educational activities. Forty two children were interviewed, in pairs. Open questions and facilitative techniques of communication were used: Techniques of Normalization, Autogenic Narrative and Therapeutic Toy. The systemization of the data generated the empiric categories: \"the knowledge means\", \"the conceptions of sexuality\", \"the time and the sexuality\" and the violence and the sexuality\". The children received more sexual information than a sexual education. The orientation and information lacks allies to mistaken knowledge and stereotyped, they left a vast field for the children elaborated their own judgments and answers to that they saw and they heard to his/her circuit. In these children\'s opinion, the parents were more reprehensible and they didn\'t supply all of the information that they would need. This way, they looked for other means to learn about the sexuality. Then the television and the other children (friends) were the means more sought to inform. The children were predestined to look for information independently and they were not capable to build and to understand in a safe way the sexuality meaning. For a child to grow up healthy, it is necessary to guarantee them conditions of satisfactory life, besides in what she refers her sexuality. Ignoring their rights concerning them sexuality, the children were vulnerable and the violence permeated, easily, the daily and these children\'s life. The result of this research will allow the elaboration of therapeutic plannings that they answer to the needs of this population, besides serving as base for elaboration of other studies that play the same theme. The identification of characteristics concerning the sexuality conceptions and the possible violence of sexual nature suffered by the children, it allows a more appropriate preparation of the professionals of the health in the planning of interventions destined to prevent and to control the process of sexual violence. This information can also serve of base to motivate changes in the politics of health and to increase the participation of the nursing in researches regarding the theme of the sexuality and of the sexual violence against children

A dor é uma experiência desagradável associada a uma lesão tecidual, mas que se diferencia para cada indivíduo, pois sofre diversas influências. Dentre estas queixas relacionadas ao ato sexual, a dispareunia e o sofrimento decorrente dela me chamaram a atenção, fato que aliado a uma lacuna acerca de intervenções para resolver ou minimizar este problema motivou a realização deste estudo. Frente a essas considerações o objetivo deste estudo foi compreender, entre mulheres usuárias do serviço de Saúde da Mulher do Centro de Saúde II de Cardoso, município do estado de São Paulo, a concepção que elas têm sobre a dispareunia e as conseqüências dessa ocorrência na sua saúde sexual. Além disso, objetivou-se identificar como a mulher descreve a dor relacionada ao ato sexual; verificar, entre as mulheres, a presença de eventos psicológicos que podem desencadear a dispareunia; compreender como a dispareunia interfere na sua prática sexual; e verificar se a presença da dor interferiu no relacionamento com o parceiro e na satisfação sexual. Para o alcance dos objetivos foi utilizado a metodologia qualitativa, com a análise de conteúdo das entrevistas de dezesseis mulheres pesquisadas, que por meio da técnica de análise temática emergiram as seguintes categorias: dispareunia - um problema para a mulher; a dispareunia e o desenvolvimento da sexualidade; a dispareunia e a sexualidade: compreendendo os fatores psico-sócio-culturais e busca por ajuda, que foram descritas em subcategorias. Observou-se que muitas ainda se submetem à prática sexual sem vontade, na presença da dor, para satisfazer o parceiro e cumprir o seu dever de esposa. As mulheres demonstraram desconhecer a etiologia da dor, algumas buscavam relacioná-la com algum problema físico que apresentavam no momento, e ao descrever a dor o fizeram de forma amena, como uma dorzinha fraca que incomoda. Ao responder ao Questionário de Dor McGill os termos escolhidos apontaram para uma dor de grande intensidade geradora de sofrimento intenso, o que reforça a possibilidade de desqualificação da dor, como se sua presença fosse normal e esperado à mulher. Os discursos também demonstraram que os fatores não orgânicos, como a educação recebida e o relacionamento com o parceiro, apresentaram uma forte influência no desenvolvimento e manutenção da dispareunia. Apesar de conviverem com a dispareunia por muitos anos, as mulheres entrevistadas não encontraram formas de resolver o problema, pois quando conseguiram exteriorizá-lo à profissionais de saúde receberam orientações desconexas e não foram encaminhadas à profissionais habilitados à temática da sexualidade, o que demonstra o despreparo dos profissionais de saúde e dos serviços para receber e auxiliar esta clientela. / Pain is an unpleasant experience associated to tecidual lesion, particular to each individual because it is affected by several factors. Among the complains related to the sexual intercourse, dyspareunia and the suffering it causes, caught my attention because of the lack of interventions to solve or alleviate the problem, which motivated me to accomplish this study. In view of these considerations, this study aimed to understand conceptions held by women, users of the Women Service of the Health Center II in Cardoso, SP, Brazil, regarding dyspareunia and its consequences for sexual health. It also aimed to identify how they describe the pain related to the sexual intercourse; verify, among them, the presence of psychological events that can potentially trigger dyspareunia; understand how it interferes in their sexual practice; and verify whether the presence of pain interfered in the relationship with the partner and sexual pleasure. For achieving such objectives, qualitative methodology was used, with content analysis of interviews carried out with 16 women. From the thematic content technique, the following categories emerged: dyspareunia - a problem for the woman, dyspareunia and the development of sexuality; dyspareunia and sexuality: understanding psycho-socio-cultural factors and search for help, which were described in subcategories. It was observed that many of them submit to the sexual practice without desire and with pain, to satisfy the partner and to comply with their obligations as wives. Women showed lack of knowledge on pain etiology and some sought to relate it to some physical problem they were presenting at the moment. When they described the pain, they reported it mildly, as a bothering weak pain. When answering the McGill Pain Questionnaire, the terms chosen appointed to a pain of great intensity that generates intense suffering, which reinforces the possibility of disqualification of pain, as if its presence was normal and expected. The reports also demonstrated that non-organic factors, such as the education received and relationship with the partner, exerted strong influence in the development and maintenance of dyspareunia. Despite the experience of many years with dispaurenia, the women interviewed did not find ways of solving the problem, because when they managed to talk about with health professionals, they received misleading guidance and were not refereed to professionals specialized in the sexual thematic, which shows the lack of preparedness of health professionals and services to receive and assist this clientele.

<p> Approximately 20-30% of single American women have been involved with a married man during the course of their lifetime (Lindquist &amp; Negy, 2005; Oala, 2008; Perel, 2017; Richardson, 1988). Infidelity in Western society is perceived in a pejorative manner, and women are often negatively judged for their engagement in an extramarital affair. However, the prevalence of single women becoming involved with married men has increased in the 21^st century. This study sought to understand the lived experience of "the other woman" in contemporary Western society. By investigating woman's experiences through Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis this study aspired to contribute to clinical psychology in an effort toward destigmatization of women, and to provide a better understanding for the rationale as to why single women enter and remain in relationships with married men. Furthermore, this research sought to illuminate the shadow effects on the "the other woman's" psyche, to examine "the other woman's" desire to feel loved and appreciated in order to decrease vulnerability, and to explore "the other woman's" sense of self throughout an extramarital affair. </p><p>

This thesis focuses on prejudice located at the intersections of sexuality and nationality. Drawing on mixed qualitative research sessions involving men who are ‘LGBTI migrants' from African countries, and who are living in South Africa, the thesis offers three overarching points of focus. Firstly, it contextualises and critiques historical state structures and attitudes which shape understandings of identity in South Africa. Secondly, it analyses everyday experiences of xenophobia and homophobia, as experienced by ‘LGBTI' people who have migrated to the country for a variety of reasons. Finally, it locates these experiences within the structures identified and, based on participant-led discussions, offers a framework for understanding and suggestions for meaningful intervention. Using an overarching critical perspective of intersectionality and queer necropolitics I argue that contemporary South Africa fosters an image of inclusivity and exceptionalism that is vastly at odds with reality. In everyday spaces ‘LGBTI migrants' are often forced to ‘switch' between being either African or LGBTI. However, I argue that through journey-derived questioning of both Africanness and Queerness these processes of switching foreground hope and action. These are rooted in values of solidarity and community which extend, for fleeting moments, beyond labels and beyond geographic boundaries. Through a reconciled merging of these seemingly opposed subjectivities I argue that insight is offered into life beyond, yet within, national structures. In this way the participants exhibit an ‘African Queerness/Queer Africanness' which shifts them beyond necropolitical death and towards transcontinental life. I ultimately argue that this may be harnessed as a tool to intellectually, and practically, render Africa as a site of (African) queer potentiality. I suggest that LGBTI migrants, through their embodiment of a specific transcontinental future, are pioneers in revealing this potentiality.