Submitted by VIVIANE CRISTINA BASTOS ARMEDE null (viviarmede@hotmail.com) on 2016-03-06T22:20:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ISC em Hopsitais de Pequeno Porte.pdf: 860887 bytes, checksum: f70f09c3db2d695fd142248c0d77d739 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Manzano de Almeida (smanzano@marilia.unesp.br) on 2016-03-07T18:10:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 armede_vcb_me_bot.pdf: 860887 bytes, checksum: f70f09c3db2d695fd142248c0d77d739 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-07T18:10:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 armede_vcb_me_bot.pdf: 860887 bytes, checksum: f70f09c3db2d695fd142248c0d77d739 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-22 / As Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde (IRAS) são um problema de saúde pública de relevância global, e atingem com mais intensidade os países em desenvolvimento. No entanto, quase todas as informações disponíveis sobre incidência e preditores de IRAS procedem de estudos conduzidos em hospitais de ensino e/ou de grande porte. No Brasil, aproximadamente dois terços dos serviços hospitalares tem menos de 50 leitos, sendo classificados como hospitais de pequeno porte (HPP). Estes albergam intensa atividade cirúrgica e obstétrica, embora voltada a procedimentos de baixa complexidade. São portanto ambientes de risco para infecção do sítio cirúrgico (ISC). Nosso estudo foi delineado para abordar a incidência e os determinantes de ISC em pequenos hospitais. Analisamos uma coorte de pacientes submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos em três HPP localizados no interior do Estado de São Paulo. Cada cirurgia foi acompanhada presencialmente, sendo registrados dados dos pacientes e dos processos de trabalho. Ao mesmo tempo, foi aplicado checklist de indicadores de contaminação ambiental em centro cirúrgico. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram acompanhados por um mês com ligações telefônicas para diagnóstico de infecção do sítio cirúrgico (ISC). Modelos de regressão logística foram aplicados para identificar, separadamente, preditores de ISC e a associação de tópicos do checklist com o risco infeccioso em cirurgias. Foi identificada uma incidência agregada de ISC de 8.1% nos hospitais do estudo. Fatores preditores para ISC foram o índice de estado físico da American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) maior ou igual a 3 (OR=6,65, IC95%=1,31-33,69, p=0,02), cirurgia contaminada ou infectada (OR=5,33, IC95%=1,19-23,93, p=0,03), realização de tricotomia (OR=4,60, IC95%=1,03-20,55, p=0,04) e inserção de drenos (OR=3,97, IC95%=1,02-15,46, p=0,04). De modo geral, os hospitais tiveram má performance nos tópicos do checklist . No entanto, somente um desses itens (“manuseio de instrumentos estéreis”) apresentou associação estatística com risco de ISC. Concluímos que incidência de ISC em HPP é surpreendentemente alta, e deve ser objeto de políticas preventivas. Por outro lado, o baixo poder preditivo mostra necessidade de aprimoramento do checklist de contaminação ambiental para que esse reflita adequadamente os riscos infecciosos em sala operatória. / Healthcare associated infections (HAIs) are a worldwide threat, and affect more heavily developing countries. Still, almost all published information concerning incidence and predictors of HAIs come from studies conducted in big-sized and/or teaching hospitals. In Brazil, almost two thirds of hospital have less than 50 beds and are classified as small sized hospitals (SSH). Those hospitals harbor intense surgical and obstetrical activity, and therefore subjects at risk of surgical site infections (SSI). Our study was designed to address the incidence and determinants of SSI in SSH. We followed a cohort of patients submitted to surgeries in three SSH from inner São Paulo State, Brazil. Each surgical procedure was presentially followed, and a checklist of indicators of environmental contamination was applied. Patients were followed for 30 days in order to diagnose SSI. Logistic regression models were used to identify, in separate analysis, (a) predictors of SSI and (b) the statistical association of topics from the checklist to the risk of SSI. The overall incidence of SSI was 8.1%. Predictors identified in multivariable model were: a score in the Amercian Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification of 3 or more (OR=6.65, 95CI%=1.31-33.69, p=0.02), contaminated or dirty wound (OR=5.33, 95%CI=1.19-23.93, p=0.03), perioperatory hair removal (OR=4.60, 95%CI=1.03-20.55, p=0.04) and placement of drains (OR=3.97, 95%CI=1.02-15.46, p=0.04). Overall, hospitals perforemd poorly in the topics of the checklist . However, only one topic (“handling of sterile devices”) was associated to the risk of SSI. In conclusion, the incidente of SSI in SSH is surprisingly high, and must be addressed in preventive policies. On the other hand, the checklist failed in predicting infectious risk, and should therefore be improved.

abstract: This thesis starts with an analysis of the current situation of the pharmaceutical industry in China, and discusses the strategic mergers and acquisitions (M&A) by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the pharmaceutical industry in China. It elaborates on the rationale for the development of the mergers and acquisitions of the pharmaceutical SMEs. Then a literature review is provided on the causes of corporate mergers and acquisitions such as the economies of scale, synergistic effect, transaction costs, market power, and strategic diversification.Next,the thesis analyzes the underlying rationale for the M&A transactions in the pharmaceutical industry in China, and explores the likely path of successful value creation for pharmaceutical SMEs in China. Specifically, with five in-depth case studies of M&A transactions of pharmaceutical firms, this thesis reveals the critical success factors leading to value creation and growth in the practice of mergers and acquisitions of the pharmaceutical SMEs in China. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2015

abstract: In the last two years, China’s booming of Internet Finance Platform made significant impacts on three dimensions. Compared with the conventional market, Internet Finance is asserted to open a revolutionary pathway of lending where by small and mid-sized companies may overcome the financing dilemma on credit accessibility and high cost. In other words, Internet Finance is hyped to be able to reduce information asymmetry, enhance allocation efficiency of resources, and promote product and process innovations for the financial institutions. However, the core essence of Internet Finance rests on risk assessment and control – a fundamental element applies to all forms of financing. Most current practice of internet finance on risk assessment and control remains unchanged from the mindset of traditional banking practices for small and medium sized firms. Hence, the same problems persisted and may only become even worse under the internet finance platform if no innovations take place. In this thesis, the author proposed and tested a credit risk assessment model using data analytics techniques through an in-depth cases study with actual transaction data. Specifically, based on the 30,000 observations collected from actual transactional data from small and medium size firms of China’s home furnishing industry. The preliminary results are promising in spite of the limitations. The thesis concludes with the findings of relevance to improve the current practices and suggests areas of future research. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Business Administration 2016

Business Process Management (BPM) has become a popular concept inbusiness development in recent years. Traditionally, however, researchsurrounding BPM initiatives have centered on large organizations,meaning that little is known about the effects of BPM, both positive andnegative, on a Small- and Medium sized Organization (SMO).This research identifies problems that a SMO can face when workingtoward higher process orientation and provides an explanation as to whyefforts have failed in the past. Furthermore, the requirements forimplementing BPM from a process-execution perspective wereinvestigated. The issues that arise to limit success of the BPM initiativehave been identified and discussed in relation to existing literature onBPM implementation, particularly those issues that are unique to SMOs.Through better understanding of the requirements for a successful BPMinitiative, the SMO is able to identify the areas that it need to beaddressed specifically before the organization is able to reach higherprocess orientation.

Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-20T16:47:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-22T14:06:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-22T18:09:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-22T18:12:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-22T19:44:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-23T11:57:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-23T12:57:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-23T13:16:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-23T13:34:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-23T17:24:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-23T17:29:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-24T12:05:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-24T12:39:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-24T16:47:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-24T17:31:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-27T11:40:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-27T12:31:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-27T13:03:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Submitted by NAYARA GONÇALVES EMERENCIANO null (naay.gon@gmail.com) on 2017-11-27T18:08:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Nayara pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Claudio Hideo Matsumoto null (claudio@foa.unesp.br) on 2017-11-27T19:18:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Emerenciano_ng_me_araca_int.pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-27T19:18:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Emerenciano_ng_me_araca_int.pdf.pdf: 1794228 bytes, checksum: 0d1861fb1fa0e974db623587fba12d2e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de um dentifrício fluoretado contendo trimetafosfato de sódio de tamanho nanométrico (TMPnano) na desmineralização do esmalte in situ e composição do biofilme. Métodos: Este estudo foi duplo-cego cruzado consistindo em quatro fases experimentais (7 dias cada) com 12 voluntários que utilizavam dispositivos orais contendo quatro blocos de esmalte bovino. O desafio cariogênico foi realizado por solução de sacarose 30% (6x/dia). Os tratamentos com dentífricos (3x/dia) foram os seguintes: sem F/TMP/TMPnano (Placebo), 1100 ppm F (1100F), 1100F mais 3% de TMP micrométrico ou nanométrico (1100F/TMP; 1100F/TMPnano). A porcentagem de perda de dureza da superfície (%SH) e a perda integrada de dureza de subsuperfície (ΔKHN), bem como o cálcio (Ca), o fósforo (P) e o fluoreto (F) foram determinados. Além disso, o biofilme formado nos blocos foi analisado quanto às concentrações de polissacarídeos extracelulares (EPS), F, Ca, P. Os dados foram analisados utilizando ANOVA 1-critério de medidas repetidas seguidas pelo teste Fisher LSD (p < 0,001). Resultados: 1100F/TMPnano promoveu menor %SH e ΔKHN entre todos os grupos (p < 0,001). A adição de TMPnano a 1100F não aumentou a absorção de F no esmalte, mas aumentou significativamente as concentrações de Ca do esmalte (p <0 ,001). 1100F/TMPnano apresentou valores mais baixos de concentração de EPS quando comparados com 1100F (~ 80%) (p < 0,001). Quanto os graus de saturação, os grupos 1100F/TMP e 1100F/TMPnano mostraram a maior saturação em relação ao HA e similares entre si para CaF2 (p > 0,001). A atividade iônica de CaF+ e HF0 para os grupos 1100F/TMP e 1100F/TMPnano foi semelhante (p > 0,001). Conclusão: 1100F/ TMPnano promoveu um efeito protetor maior contra a desmineralização do esmalte e afetou significativamente a composição do biofilme formado in situ, quando comparado ao dentifrício com 1100F. Relevância clínica: Essa formulação testada pode ser uma alternativa viável para pacientes com alto risco de cárie. / Objective: To evaluate the effect of a fluoride toothpaste containing nano-sized sodium trimetaphosphate (TMPnano) on enamel demineralization in situ and composition of the biofilm. Methods: This crossover double-blind study consisted of four phases (7 days each) and 12 volunteers who wore oral appliances containing four enamel bovine blocks. The cariogenic challenge was performed by 30% sucrose solution (6x/day). The toothpaste treatments (3x/day) were as follows: no F/TMP/TMPnano (Placebo), 1,100 ppm F (1100F), 1100F plus 3% micrometric or nano-sized TMP (1100F/TMP; 1100F/TMPnano). Percentage of surface hardness loss (%SH), and integrated loss of subsurface hardness (ΔKHN), as well as enamel calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and fluoride (F) were determined. Moreover, biofilm formed on the blocks were analyzed for F, Ca, P, and insoluble extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) concentrations. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, repeated measures followed by Fisher LSD test (p < 0.001). Results: 1100F/TMPnano promoted the lowest %SH and ΔKHN among all groups (p < 0.001). The addition of TMPnano to 1100F did not enhance enamel F uptake, but significantly increased enamel Ca concentrations (p < 0.001). 1100F/TMPnano showed lower values of EPS concentration when compared with 1100F (~80%) (p < 0.001). As for phase saturation, the 1100F/TMP and 1100F/TMPnano groups showed the highest supersaturation with respect to HA and similar to each other for CaF2 (p > 0.001). The ionic activity of CaF+ and HF0 for the 1100F/TMP and 1100F/TMPnano groups were similar (p > 0.001). Conclusion: 1100F/TMPnano promoted a greater protective effect against enamel demineralization and significantly affected the composition of biofilm formed in situ when compared to 1100F toothpaste. Clinical Significance: This toothpaste could be a viable alternative to patients at high risk of caries.

Orientador: Carlos Magno Castelo Branco Fortaleza / Resumo: As Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde (IRAS) são um problema de saúde pública de relevância global, e atingem com mais intensidade os países em desenvolvimento. No entanto, quase todas as informações disponíveis sobre incidência e preditores de IRAS procedem de estudos conduzidos em hospitais de ensino e/ou de grande porte. No Brasil, aproximadamente dois terços dos serviços hospitalares tem menos de 50 leitos, sendo classificados como hospitais de pequeno porte (HPP). Estes albergam intensa atividade cirúrgica e obstétrica, embora voltada a procedimentos de baixa complexidade. São portanto ambientes de risco para infecção do sítio cirúrgico (ISC). Nosso estudo foi delineado para abordar a incidência e os determinantes de ISC em pequenos hospitais. Analisamos uma coorte de pacientes submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos em três HPP localizados no interior do Estado de São Paulo. Cada cirurgia foi acompanhada presencialmente, sendo registrados dados dos pacientes e dos processos de trabalho. Ao mesmo tempo, foi aplicado checklist de indicadores de contaminação ambiental em centro cirúrgico. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram acompanhados por um mês com ligações telefônicas para diagnóstico de infecção do sítio cirúrgico (ISC). Modelos de regressão logística foram aplicados para identificar, separadamente, preditores de ISC e a associação de tópicos do checklist com o risco infeccioso em cirurgias. Foi identificada uma incidência agregada de ISC de 8.1% nos hospitais do es... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Healthcare associated infections (HAIs) are a worldwide threat, and affect more heavily developing countries. Still, almost all published information concerning incidence and predictors of HAIs come from studies conducted in big-sized and/or teaching hospitals. In Brazil, almost two thirds of hospital have less than 50 beds and are classified as small sized hospitals (SSH). Those hospitals harbor intense surgical and obstetrical activity, and therefore subjects at risk of surgical site infections (SSI). Our study was designed to address the incidence and determinants of SSI in SSH. We followed a cohort of patients submitted to surgeries in three SSH from inner São Paulo State, Brazil. Each surgical procedure was presentially followed, and a checklist of indicators of environmental contamination was applied. Patients were followed for 30 days in order to diagnose SSI. Logistic regression models were used to identify, in separate analysis, (a) predictors of SSI and (b) the statistical association of topics from the checklist to the risk of SSI. The overall incidence of SSI was 8.1%. Predictors identified in multivariable model were: a score in the Amercian Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification of 3 or more (OR=6.65, 95CI%=1.31-33.69, p=0.02), contaminated or dirty wound (OR=5.33, 95%CI=1.19-23.93, p=0.03), perioperatory hair removal (OR=4.60, 95%CI=1.03-20.55, p=0.04) and placement of drains (OR=3.97, 95%CI=1.02-15.46, p=0.04). Overall, hospitals per... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Com maior acesso à informação, disponível em múltiplos meios de comunicação, o comportamento do consumidor vem sofrendo uma acelerada transformação. O cliente, neste trabalho denominado de shopper, que realiza compras em um ponto de venda, está cada vez mais consciente e exigente com relação a o quê, quando, como e onde comprar. Diante deste desafio, a presente dissertação se propõe a definir um sequenciamento de etapas e ferramentas para operacionalização do gerenciamento por categorias (GC) em varejos de pequeno e médio porte, de forma a auxiliar o gestor no processo de tomada de decisão, visando atender às necessidades dos seus clientes. Desta forma, primeiramente, foi desenvolvido e aplicado um método para a identificação e priorização de atributos de compra que influenciam o shopper. Com base nestes atributos, em um segundo momento, foi desenvolvida uma sistemática para implantação de GC em varejo de pequeno e médio portes. Esta sistemática está baseada em um conjunto de ferramentas e de indicadores de desempenho que permitem às organizações melhorar a gestão dos seus departamentos. Por fim, a sistemática foi aplicada a um supermercado de médio porte, em seu departamento de hortifrutigranjeiros, sendo apresentados os resultados oriundos desta aplicação. / Considering the easier access to information, available in different types of media, the customer’s behavior is changing and very fast. The customer, so called shopper, who makes purchases in a selling point, is increasingly aware of what, when, how and where to buy things. Based on this challenge, this thesis aims to define a sequence of steps and tools for implementation of category management (CM) in small and medium-sized retailers, to help managers in the decision-making process, to meet the customer needs. Thus, first, it has developed and implemented a method for identification and prioritization of purchase attributes which influence the shopper. Based on these attributes, in a second moment, it was developed a systematic of CM applied to small and medium-sized retail. This systematic is based on a set of tools and performance indicators that enable organizations to improve their departments’ management. In the end, the systematic developed was applied to a medium-sized supermarket, in their fresh produce department, and the results arising from this application were presented.

Esta tese investiga a relação entre recursos do país e desempenho internacional de Pequenas e Médias Empresas (PMEs) brasileiras. Com a abertura dos mercados globais, PMEs de países emergentes enfrentam novos entrantes no mercado doméstico, se tornam multinacionais com expansão internacional tardia e características distintivas, e passam a lidar com recursos que devem ser adequados para estratégias voltadas ao mercado interno e externo, sendo a exportação o nível menos complexo e mais adotado de internacionalização dessas empresas. Compreender a internacionalização a partir das características da firma e da localização em um país de origem emergente mostra-se um desafio gerencial e teórico. A Visão Baseada em Recursos (VBR) é apropriada para esse tópico de pesquisa, pois permite abordar os recursos da firma e do país na geração de vantagem competitiva sob a lógica da internacionalização. Recursos do país são externos à firma e disponíveis a qualquer empresa localizada em um país (FAHY, 2002) e ainda não foram investigados quanto ao seu uso e relação com o desempenho na internacionalização de PMEs de países emergentes. Para suprir esta lacuna teórica, esta pesquisa se dividiu em duas fases: a etapa qualitativa e exploratória identificou recursos para internacionalização de PMEs de países emergentes. Adotaram-se técnicas de revisão sistemática de literatura, seguida de entrevistas com especialistas, instituições e PMEs no contexto brasileiro. Identificaram-se 11 recursos do país por meio de análise de conteúdo com apoio do software Nvivo. O grau de utilização e a relação dos recursos do país com o desempenho internacional das empresas foram verificados empiricamente na etapa quantitativa e descritiva da pesquisa, em uma Survey com 222 PMEs brasileiras. O desempenho internacional foi medido de modo subjetivo, por um construto de satisfação com atividades internacionais nos últimos três anos, e de modo objetivo, baseado na intensidade exportadora da empresa. A análise dos dados foi feita com técnicas estatísticas paramétricas e apoio do software SPSS. Os principais resultados apontam que os recursos do país mais utilizados são os de acesso à informação, infraestrutura logística e cadeias produtivas bem desenvolvidas, os quais explicam 9,4% do desempenho internacional subjetivo das PMEs brasileiras. Por outro lado, não há relação entre recursos do país e intensidade exportadora das empresas. Houve diferenças no uso de recursos do país quanto às características da empresa exportadora, como idade, escopo geográfico, intensidade tecnológica e tipo de gestão, o que não ocorreu quanto à experiência internacional. Embora os recursos do país sejam utilizados pelas PMEs brasileiras, destaca-se que não são determinantes para sua vantagem competitiva no mercado externo. As PMEs brasileiras estão otimistas em relação ao crescimento nas exportações. Os recursos do país associados à satisfação com atividades internacionais devem embasar políticas e projetos setoriais para internacionalização dessas empresas. Os resultados desta pesquisa cobriram lacunas teóricas sobre o tema de internacionalização de PMEs de países emergentes sob a Visão Baseada em Recursos e abriram novos caminhos de investigação. Pesquisas futuras podem comparar estes resultados com o contexto de empresas de diferentes portes e países emergentes. Possivelmente, os recursos do país menos estratégicos para PMEs brasileiras sejam estratégicos em outros contextos, o que deve ser verificado empiricamente. Por fim, sugere-se verificar quais recursos da firma estão associados ao uso de recursos do país e demais fatores determinantes no desempenho internacional de PMEs de países emergentes. / This thesis investigates the relationship between country resources and the international performance of Brazilian Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). With the opening of global markets, emerging market SMEs face new entrants in the domestic market, become multinationals with late international expansion and distinctive characteristics, and begin to deal with resources that should be adequate for strategies aimed at the domestic and foreign market. Export is the less complex and more used mode of entry of SMEs in foreign markets. Understanding the internationalization through the characteristics of the firm and its location in an emerging country of origin is a managerial and theoretical challenge. The Resource Based View (VBR) is appropriate for this research topic because it allows an approach to the country and the firm resources to create competitive advantage in internationalization. Country resources are external to the firm and available to any company located in a country (FAHY, 2002). There are no researches about the use and relation of country resources to internationalization performance of SMEs in emerging countries. To fill this theoretical gap, this research was divided into two phases: the qualitative and exploratory stage identified resources for internationalization of SMEs from emerging countries. Techniques of systematic literature review were adopted, followed by interviews with specialists, institutions and SMEs in the Brazilian context. Eleven country resources were identified through content analysis supported by Nvivo software. The use and the relation of country resources to the international performance of the SMEs were verified empirically in the quantitative and descriptive stage of the research, in a Survey with 222 Brazilian SMEs International performance was measured subjectively by a construct of satisfaction with international activities in the last three years, and in an objective way, based on the export intensity of the company. Data analysis was performed using parametric statistical techniques with SPSS software support. The main results indicate that the most used country resources are information access, logistics infrastructure and well-developed production chains, which are responsible for 9.4% of the subjective international performance of Brazilian SMEs. On the other hand, there is no relation between resources of the country and export intensity SMEs. There were differences in the use of country resources regarding the characteristics of the exporting SMEs, such as age, geographic scope, technological intensity and type of management. There were no differences regarding international experience of firms. Although country resources are used by Brazilian SMEs, it is highlighted that they do not generate competitive advantage in the foreign market. Brazilian SMEs are optimistic about the growth in exports. Country resources associated to the satisfaction with international activities should support policies and sectoral projects for the internationalization of these firms. The results of this research covered theoretical gaps on the theme of internationalization of SMEs from emerging countries under the Resource Based View and opened new avenues of research. Future research can compare these results with other firms with different sizes and from other emerging countries. Possibly, the less strategic country resources for Brazilian SMEs are strategic in other contexts, which should be verified empirically. Finally, it is suggested to verify which firm resources are associated to the use of country resources, as well as other determining factors to the international performance of SMEs in emerging countries.

The diploma work deals with development of clusters in South Bohemia. The aim of the work is the analysies of present situation of production creation of clusters in South Bohemia, evaluation of possibilities for the development and inception of new clusters and comparison with the situation in abroad. In the first part of the work the conception of clusters, types and kinds of clusters, support programs etc are characterized . The second part is describes South Bohemia, scientific institutions, supporting institutions and clusters whitch are in a phase of preparation and clusters which already exist. In this part I enquired into pertinence of conditions for the creation of clusters in South Bohemia according to the number of employees and according to the share of added value. Next I asked assistants from small and middle-sized companies about their awareness about clusters and about their possible cooperation in this cluster. South Bohemia has significant branches which have high potential for creating clusters. It results from the coefficient of the localization. These are branches of Fishing and fish farming, Production and main of electricity, gas and water and Agriculture, forestry and hunting. South Bohemia has great presumtions for development of wood industry, paper industry, fishing and agriculture. From the query I found out that small and middle-sized companies do not have much information about clusters. Small and middle-sized companies do not trust the cooperation. No of the correspondent companies wants to establish a cluster or to enter a cluster. South Bohemia has big potential for creation of clusters. In the region there are a lot of bussines institution (universities, research institutes) and many institutions, which should inprove the awareness about clusters (CzechInvest, Economic Chamber, South Bohemian Agency for Support of Innovative Enterprising). These institutions organize conferences, workshops, presentations and expositions. They also help in start of the business, in development, in establishment of clusters and they inform about possible cooperation.

This thesis is focused on small firms in region of Prachatice and analysing their business risks. There is discription of the state of small and medium-sized enterprises and a brief summary of the risks that affect these companies. The thesis describes situation in South Bohemia, particulary Prachatice region and compares particular South Bohemian regions. Aforementioned research uses questionnaires as a main method, both in the form of personal interviews, as well as in electronic form. There is an obvious conclusion from that research, that the companies are well aware of risks and see them as a threat to their future goals they want to achieve. Diversification and risk shifting are most common instruments to avoid or at lest mitigate those dangers. Companies participating in the survey are most concerned about the business and financial risks. On the other hand, industrial risks are not percieved as significant problem. Among other precautions leasing to reduction of risks is mutual and timely communication betweeen company branches, consideration of indicators in general. Each employee should be aware of the risks associated with his work. Enterprises with a elaborate approach to risk are becoming more competitive, stable and more resilient to external negative influences.