The purpose of this study was to determine whether the transfer of training would affect the achievement and retention scores of subjects learning selected tennis and badminton skills. This study was intended to establish the most beneficial teaching progression for tennis and badminton skills.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects that continuous change in the form of software upgrades have on end-users. These effects could increase upgrade implementation costs in organisations.

Land reform is important as it serves as a means to redress the imbalances created by apartheid. Evidence revealed that the land reform programme in South Africa has not been fully effective. This is partly because of lack of focus on the post-settlement support by Government or other interested stakeholders such as the private sectors, Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) as well as government entities. Lack of skills amongst land reform beneficiaries is one of the critical elements identified to be problematic in South Africa and leads to failure of these emerging farmers. The South African government has introduced programmes, such as the Recapitalization and Development Programme (RECAP), the Comprehensive Agricultural Support Programme (CASP), and the Comprehensive Rural Development Programme (CRDP), to address the issues of post-settlement support. Skills transfer to land reform beneficiaries was one of the issues that RECAP tried to address. The Department of Agriculture introduced extension services to the land reform beneficiaries as a means to transfer skills to land reform beneficiaries. The Department of Rural Development and Land Reform also played its part through RECAP by introducing strategic interventions (strategic partners and mentors) to ensure that necessary skills are transferred to farmers. Other than government departments, NGOs, commodity organisations, and private sectors have been participating in ensuring that the skills of the land reform beneficiaries are developed. Despite this, evidence shows that the efforts made by both government and other involved stakeholders are not really effective in all the provinces across South Africa. The main objective of this study was to identify an appropriate skills transfer model for land reform beneficiaries in South Africa. Successful models that exist in Brazil, Kenya and China, were studied to identify and propose a skills transfer model that could best suit South Africa. In addition, the study used data and information from secondary sources such as government, NGOs, private sector, and reviewed existing literature on issues around skills transfer to emerging farmers and land reform beneficiaries. A comparative analysis was done on the existing skills transfer models from the three countries and South Africa. The analysis revealed certain common characteristics in the skills transfer models that exist in China, Kenya and Brazil, and also revealed how these models differ from the existing models in South Africa, thereafter distinguishing the success of these models from the failures. Over and above the most-used and successful model in the three countries, is the pluralistic type of model that involves working together of government, non-governmental organisations, and the private sector. What is much more appealing with this latter model is the fact that it takes into account the participatory, bottom–up approach, where farmers are engaged in whatever skills needs that have to be transferred to them. Literature revealed that the differences between the models that exist in South Africa relate to the involvement of research in skills transfer, unclear policies on skills transfer. The policies are not clear in explaining the institutional arrangements, roles and responsibilities of the different parties that have the ability to assist farmers or transfer skill and the monitoring and evaluation framework of skills transfer. The pluralistic approach, if well designed and taking into all aspects mentioned above, could be very effective for South African land reform beneficiaries. / Dissertation (MAgric (Rural Development))--University of Pretoria, 2020. / Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development / MAgric (Rural Development) / Unrestricted

Sport is deemed by many researchers and practitioners as a favourable context to foster positive youth development (PYD), including the acquisition of life skills (Petitpas et al., 2005). However, researchers have cautioned for vigilance before assuming with assurance that sport leads to positive developmental outcomes (Coakley, 2011). Consequently, it is important to understand how sport leaders can facilitate the development and transfer of life skills. In the context of high school sport in Canada, teacher-coaches are considered essential adults in the delivery of school sport programs. Using Pierce et al.’s (2017) life skills transfer model, the present thesis explored the contextual and psychological factors influencing the development and transfer of life skills. An intervention was designed, using action research principles, with two high school teacher-coaches. Data were collected via teacher-coach pre- and post-intervention interviews, as well as student-athlete post-intervention interviews (i.e., five student-athletes per teacher-coach). Further, data were gathered through observation, and audio recording of each life skill implementation, as well as a researcher reflective journal. The results indicated that teacher-coaches played an important role in influencing contextual and psychological factors, in both the learning and the transfer context, which shaped student-athletes’ life skills development and transfer. The study has practical implications for coach education programs, suggesting the benefits of on the ground support to provide coaches and teacher-coaches with the necessary tools to promote PYD.

The present dissertation research had two main purposes. The first one was to compare the development of morphological awareness between English Language Learners (ELLs) who speak Chinese or Spanish as their first language, and between these two groups of ELLs and native English-speaking children. Participants included 78 monolingual English-speaking children, 76 Chinese-speaking ELLs, and 90 Spanish-speaking ELLs from grade four and grade seven. Two aspects of morphological awareness were measured, derivational awareness and compound awareness. The results indicated that ELLs’ morphological awareness is influenced by the characteristics of their first language. While Chinese-speaking ELLs performed more similarly to English native speakers on compound awareness than Spanish-speaking ELLs, Spanish-speaking ELLs outperformed Chinese-speaking ELLs on derivational awareness. The second purpose of this dissertation was to examine the within and across language contributions of morphological awareness to word reading, vocabulary and reading comprehension in Spanish-speaking ELLs. Morphological awareness in Spanish and in English was evaluated with two measures of derivational morphology, respectively. The results showed that Spanish morphological awareness contributed unique variance to Spanish word reading, vocabulary and reading comprehension after controlling for other reading related variables. English morphological awareness also explained unique variance in English word reading, vocabulary and reading comprehension. Cross-linguistic transfer of morphological awareness was observed from Spanish morphological awareness to English word reading and vocabulary, but not to reading comprehension. English morphological awareness did not predict performance on any of the three Spanish outcome measures. These results suggest that morphological awareness is important for word reading, vocabulary and reading comprehension in Spanish, which has a shallow orthography with a complex morphological system. They also suggest that morphological awareness developed in children’s first language is associated with word reading in English, their L2. Overall, results indicate that the ability to perform morphological analysis is important for ELLs.

The present dissertation research had two main purposes. The first one was to compare the development of morphological awareness between English Language Learners (ELLs) who speak Chinese or Spanish as their first language, and between these two groups of ELLs and native English-speaking children. Participants included 78 monolingual English-speaking children, 76 Chinese-speaking ELLs, and 90 Spanish-speaking ELLs from grade four and grade seven. Two aspects of morphological awareness were measured, derivational awareness and compound awareness. The results indicated that ELLs’ morphological awareness is influenced by the characteristics of their first language. While Chinese-speaking ELLs performed more similarly to English native speakers on compound awareness than Spanish-speaking ELLs, Spanish-speaking ELLs outperformed Chinese-speaking ELLs on derivational awareness. The second purpose of this dissertation was to examine the within and across language contributions of morphological awareness to word reading, vocabulary and reading comprehension in Spanish-speaking ELLs. Morphological awareness in Spanish and in English was evaluated with two measures of derivational morphology, respectively. The results showed that Spanish morphological awareness contributed unique variance to Spanish word reading, vocabulary and reading comprehension after controlling for other reading related variables. English morphological awareness also explained unique variance in English word reading, vocabulary and reading comprehension. Cross-linguistic transfer of morphological awareness was observed from Spanish morphological awareness to English word reading and vocabulary, but not to reading comprehension. English morphological awareness did not predict performance on any of the three Spanish outcome measures. These results suggest that morphological awareness is important for word reading, vocabulary and reading comprehension in Spanish, which has a shallow orthography with a complex morphological system. They also suggest that morphological awareness developed in children’s first language is associated with word reading in English, their L2. Overall, results indicate that the ability to perform morphological analysis is important for ELLs.

The capability to know what knowledge there is and where it resides within an organization is becoming increasingly important in the new knowledge-based economy. This paper takes on a practise-based view of knowledge in order to decide on a course of action for how to successfully implement knowledge management within a knowledge-based company. By considering all knowledge as more or less contextual and socially constructed, knowledge is divided into three dimensions depending on the degree to which it is tacit, namely: information, knowledge and skills. The paper then discusses inhibitors and enablers for transferring knowledge via these three dimensions respectively.  The empirical findings are based upon a case study of Faveo. It is shown that Faveo, like most organizations, has til now focused on the collection of codified knowledge, i.e. documentation of information. Faveo has the technology established to potentiallymanage information transfer to an adequate degree. Still, the company fails to do so due to its incapability to enable use of its groupware. To surmount this problem, Faveo needs to address the attitudes of its employees towards its groupware and train them in how to use it. To improve Faveo’s knowledge management and thus pursue world class project management, the company also needs to step up its game within the two areas of knowledge and skills transfer. There are some but not sufficient plans for handling knowledge transfer at Faveo and, again, Faveo fails to enable these processes to turn from plans into action. There is an overall need for more formal as well as informal interaction between individual and groups of employees at Faveo. In addition, Faveo needs to acknowledge skills transfer as a vital part of knowledge management. This report finally suggests that Faveo needs to motivate knowledge management, create goals for knowledge management, train its employees in how to carry out knowledge management and evaluate its knowledge management.

<p>The research findings are grouped according to the three themes identified which includes the relevance of the module, the effectiveness of the teaching and learning approaches and methods, and the integration of generic and discipline specific academic literacy. The researcher hopes this study will help illuminate perceptions of part-time students&rsquo / about the Academic Literacy for Commerce course and also how it can be improved to better serve the needs of part-time students.</p>

Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur en medelstor kommun kan arbeta strategiskt med problematiken gällande kompetensförlust samt att vara en attraktiv arbetsgivare inför kommande pensionsavgångar. Vidare syftar studien till att, utifrån resultatet, arbeta fram ett förslag till HR-strategi för den problematik de förestående pensionsavgångarna för med sig. För att få svar på våra undersökningsfrågor har vi utfört en fallstudie i Falu kommun och för denna använt oss av semistrukturerade intervjuer med fyra personer i chefsposition och en mångfaldskommunikatör, samt en fokusgrupp bestående av fyra medarbetare från HR-avdelningen. Detta gav oss flera perspektiv på problematiken, vilket vi anser stärker tillförlitligheten i resultatet. I efterhand kan vi dock se att ett större antal intervjupersoner hade varit att föredra, detta för att få fler medarbetares tankar och åsikter om ämnet. Emellertid var detta inte möjligt då chefer i kommunen var svåra att få kontakt med.Resultatet visar att uppfattningen om pensionsavgångar är varierande då en av respondenterna menar att det inte är något att oroa sig över, medan övriga respondenter anser att det är en stor utmaning kommunen har framför sig. Resultatet visar även att Falu kommun i dagsläget arbetar strategiskt med ett flertal olika åtgärder för att stärka sitt arbetsgivarmärke externt såsom exempelvis ambassadörskap och talent management, vilket tidigare forskning visar är en nödvändighet för en organisations konkurrenskraft och således attrahera samt behålla medarbetare. Gällande kompetensöverföring visar resultatet att det idag finns en medvetenhet om riskerna för kompetensförluster. Dock utförs ett begränsat arbete för att överföra viktiga kompetenser, åtminstone med syfte att hantera den risk för kompetensförlust som väntas i och med den förestående generationsväxlingen. Tidigare forskning inom området pensionsavgångar visar dock att förlusten av viktiga kompetenser är det största hotet.Vår slutsats av denna studie är att Falu kommun är på rätt väg att hantera den problematik som förväntas uppstå, dock behöver kommunen öka medvetenheten genom kommunikation och intern marknadsföring samt arbeta samman en gemensam syn på pensionsavgångarna i alla förvaltningar. Vi menar även att det är av stor vikt att se över kompetenserna i organisationen och börja agera för att inte mista viktiga kompetenser i och med de förestående pensionsavgångarna. Detta är områden som behandlas i det förslag till HR-strategi vi har arbetat fram. / This study aims to examine how a medium-sized municipality can work strategically with problems concerning loss of skills and to be an attractive employer for future retirements. Furthermore, the study aims to, based on the results, prepare a draft HR strategy for the problems the impending retirement brings. To get answers to our research questions, we conducted a case study of the Municipality of Falun, and this made use of semi-structured interviews with four people in managerial positions and a variety communicator, and a focus group of four employees from the HR department. This gave us more perspective on the problem, which we believe strengthen the reliability of the results. In retrospect, we can see that a larger number of interviewees would have been preferable, in order to get more employees thoughts and opinions on the subject. However, this was not possible as managers in the municipality were difficult to contact.The results show that the perception of retirement is different when one of the respondents believe that there is nothing to worry about, while other respondents think it is a great challenge municipality has in front of him. The result also shows that the Municipality of Falun in the current situation is working strategically with a variety of measures to strengthen its employer brand externally such as diplomacy and talent management, as previous research indicates is a necessity for an organization's competitiveness and thus attract and retain employees. Regarding the transfer of skills shows the result that today there is an awareness of the risks of skill losses. However, conducted a limited effort to transfer critical skills, at least in order to manage the risk of loss of skills expected in the forthcoming generation change. Previous research in the field of retirements shows that the loss of key skills is the biggest threat.Our conclusion from this study is that Falun municipality are right on track to deal with the problems that are expected to arise, however, requires the municipality to raise awareness through communication and internal marketing as well as working together a common vision of retirements in all administrations. Furthermore, we believe that it is crucial to review the competencies in the organization and start acting so as not to lose important skills in and with the impending retirements. These are areas addressed in the draft HR strategy we have developed.

<p>The research findings are grouped according to the three themes identified which includes the relevance of the module, the effectiveness of the teaching and learning approaches and methods, and the integration of generic and discipline specific academic literacy. The researcher hopes this study will help illuminate perceptions of part-time students&rsquo / about the Academic Literacy for Commerce course and also how it can be improved to better serve the needs of part-time students.</p>