Socialinė pagalba teikiama socialinės rizikos grupės vaikams siekiant užtikrinti jų poreikius: saugumą (tai apsauga nuo fizinio, emocinio ir seksualinio smurto, nepriežiūros), pastovumą (vaiko gyvenimo sąlygos yra pastovios ir stabilios) ir vaiko gerovę (vaikas turi galimybę tenkinti socializacijos ir lavinimo poreikius, gauti reikalingą fizinę ir dvasinę pagalbą). Socialinės rizikos vaikams teikiama socialinė pagalba sudaro prielaidas tolimesniam sėkmingam vaiko socializacijos procesui. Tyrimo objektas: Socialinės pagalbos organizavimas rizikos grupės vaikams Molėtų rajone. Tyrimo tikslas: Įvertinti socialinės pagalbos organizavimo rizikos grupės vaikams Molėtų rajone situaciją. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Atskleisti rizikos grupės vaikų problemas socializacijos procese. 2. Įvardinti rizikos grupės vaikams Molėtų rajone, socialinės pagalbos organizavimo ir teikimo tarnybas bei jų ypatumus . 3. Ištirti Molėtų rajono rizikos grupės vaikų nuomonę apie socialinės pagalbos gavimo poreikius ir lūkesčius. Darbo metodai: mokslinės literatūros analizė, dokumentų analizė, anketinės apklausos metodas, anketinės apklausos duomenų statistinė analizė. Teorinėje darbo dalyje aptartos rizikos grupės vaikų problemos socializacijos pocese, didžioji dalis problemų, kurias patiria vaikai iš socialinės rizikos šeimų yra sąlygojamos netinkamos aplinkos mikroklimato šeimoje. Taip pat nurodytos ir aprašytos tokios problemos, kaip... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Social aid is rendered to the children of social risk group in order to secure their needs: safety (protection from corporal, emotional or sexual violence and neglect), stability (children living conditions are fixed and stable) and children welfare (a child has opportunities to meet requirements of socialization and education, as well as, get proper physical and psychic aid). Social aid for children of social risk presupposes a successful process of children socialization. Object of the research: Social aid planning to the children of risk group in Moletai region. Aim of the research: To evaluate the situation of social aid planning to the children of social risk group in Moletai region. Goals of the research: To reveal the reasons for the appearance of risk group children and problems during the process of socialization. 1. To name the offices that organize and render social aid to the children of risk group in Moletai region, as well as, present their peculiarities. 2. To examine the opinion of risk group children in Moletai region about the need and expectations of social aid. Methods of the research: nonfiction analysis, document analysis, method of questionnaire, statistical analysis of questionnaire data. Theoretical part of the research discusses the reasons for the appearance of risk group children and problems during the process of socialization. Most of the problems that children from social risk families face are caused by the... [to full text]

The system of assistance in material deprivation regulates aid to people in need, i.e., persons who finds themselves in a situation where they are unable to provide for themselves. At present, greater emphasis is being out on each citizen?s responsibility for themselves and their families, as well as their active role in the finding of solutions for social events that impact on them. The point to try to motivate people in need to improve personally and actively their income. The aim of the Diploma Thesis is to map the findings gathered in the process of applying selected mechanisms in the system of assistance to persons in need. Five basic questions have been formulated for our research: 1. How do the clients see the idea of selling property or other uses of property? 2. How can we prove a client?s endeavor to improve his income by working? 3. What requirements and demands do recipients of welfare benefits have when they improve their income by working? 4. Is the concept of positive effect of higher income earned by own work apparent more on the part of social workers than clients? 5. What options of controlling do the recipients of welfare benefits have when trying to prove their effort to improve their income by own work? The qualitative survey was conducted by questioning, using the technique of semi-structured interview. Data collection was done from July to October 2011 ad in March 2012. The survey sample consisted of 12 recipients of welfare benefits selected by random, 12 social workers from municipal offices, and 5 social workers from regional branches of the Labor Office. The collected data were processed by casuistry specialists. Other data were sorted by theme, mutually compared, and summarized in the form of tables. The research survey revealed that most of the questioned social workers do not consider the system of material assistance stimulating. They believe that the system forces clients to rely on the system, rather than seek employment actively.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-12-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:15:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_se_me_assis.pdf: 853453 bytes, checksum: 4ed51f94e6a5f608611f9d93c70077e1 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / As realidades políticas e sociais são determinantes na explicação da prevalência de modelos de caridade e assistência em detrimento de outros. No Reino Português o sistema assistencial acompanhou a evolução do modelo europeu, estruturado nos valores do Cristianismo, em que couberam à comunidade as respostas para os problemas sociais. Com base na filosofia das Luzes, além de questões de cunho técnico-científico em busca do progresso econômico, ou com a garantia das fronteiras territoriais, nota-se após a transferência da Corte para o Brasil, e principalmente após a Independência, um despertar para a realidade social brasileira, em que ação do Estado na intervenção na questão assistencial esteve ligada não só à preocupação de que esse cuidado não caísse sobre si, mas também à política de manutenção da ordem tradicional. Pensando nisso, essa pesquisa procurou conhecer o comportamento do Estado monárquico constitucional brasileiro diante dos .socorros públicos. no momento da organização de suas bases jurídicas e administrativas. As principais fontes que a fundamentaram foram as Leis e Decisões de Governo do Império do Brasil de 1822 a 1834, cuja análise permitiu dimensionar as mudanças na concepção das obrigações do Estado e o discurso que ele próprio produzia de si, tornando explícita a estreita relação entre pobreza, desordem, trabalho e o desenvolvimento de uma moral, logo, a intimidade da questão da assistência com os interesses do Estado. / Political and social realities are determining factors in the explanation of the predominance of certain charity and social assistance models. In the Portuguese Kingdom the social assistance system followed the evolution of the European model, based on Christian values, in which the community was in charge of responding to social problems. Based on the Enlightment philosophy, apart from technical scientific issues in search of economic progress or guarantees for territorial frontiers, after the transfer of the Royal Court to Brazil and especially after Independence, an awakening is observed as to Brazil.s social reality, in which State agency in social assistance issues was tied not only to the preoccupation that such care would not be devolved to the State itself but also to the policy of maintaining traditional order. With such in mind, this research seeks to reveal the behavior of the Brazilian Constitutional Monarchy as to public social aid at the moment of organizing her legal and administrative foundations. The main sources that grounded these were the Leis e Decisões de Governo do Império do Brasil de 1822 a 1834 (Laws and Decisions of the Government of the Empire of Brazil from 1822 to 1832), the analysis of which enabled dimensioning the changes in the conception of the State.s responsibilities and the discourse it produced on itself, revealing the tight relation between poverty, disorder, work and the development of a moral, therefore, between the intimacy of the social assistance issue and the concerns of the State.

New Orleans indigenous cultural traditions such as Mardi Gras Indians, Social Aid and Pleasure Clubs and second line parades were born out of the disenfranchisement of the African American community. Though the practices have existed for over a century and provide social benefits, they have faced hostility from the police department, indifference from elected officials and city planners, as well as economic exploitation, denying them the ability to thrive. With a restructuring of public policy and outside assistance, these cultural traditions will be able to help revitalize the economically depressed areas where they continue to be practiced.

Orientador: Paulo Henrique Martinez / Banca: Wilton Carlos Lima da Silva / Banca: Enezila de Lima / Resumo: As realidades políticas e sociais são determinantes na explicação da prevalência de modelos de caridade e assistência em detrimento de outros. No Reino Português o sistema assistencial acompanhou a evolução do modelo europeu, estruturado nos valores do Cristianismo, em que couberam à comunidade as respostas para os problemas sociais. Com base na filosofia das Luzes, além de questões de cunho técnico-científico em busca do progresso econômico, ou com a garantia das fronteiras territoriais, nota-se após a transferência da Corte para o Brasil, e principalmente após a Independência, um despertar para a realidade social brasileira, em que ação do Estado na intervenção na questão assistencial esteve ligada não só à preocupação de que esse cuidado não caísse sobre si, mas também à política de manutenção da ordem tradicional. Pensando nisso, essa pesquisa procurou conhecer o comportamento do Estado monárquico constitucional brasileiro diante dos .socorros públicos. no momento da organização de suas bases jurídicas e administrativas. As principais fontes que a fundamentaram foram as Leis e Decisões de Governo do Império do Brasil de 1822 a 1834, cuja análise permitiu dimensionar as mudanças na concepção das obrigações do Estado e o discurso que ele próprio produzia de si, tornando explícita a estreita relação entre pobreza, desordem, trabalho e o desenvolvimento de uma moral, logo, a intimidade da questão da assistência com os interesses do Estado. / Abstract: Political and social realities are determining factors in the explanation of the predominance of certain charity and social assistance models. In the Portuguese Kingdom the social assistance system followed the evolution of the European model, based on Christian values, in which the community was in charge of responding to social problems. Based on the Enlightment philosophy, apart from technical scientific issues in search of economic progress or guarantees for territorial frontiers, after the transfer of the Royal Court to Brazil and especially after Independence, an awakening is observed as to Brazil.s social reality, in which State agency in social assistance issues was tied not only to the preoccupation that such care would not be devolved to the State itself but also to the policy of maintaining traditional order. With such in mind, this research seeks to reveal the behavior of the Brazilian Constitutional Monarchy as to public social aid at the moment of organizing her legal and administrative foundations. The main sources that grounded these were the Leis e Decisões de Governo do Império do Brasil de 1822 a 1834 (Laws and Decisions of the Government of the Empire of Brazil from 1822 to 1832), the analysis of which enabled dimensioning the changes in the conception of the State.s responsibilities and the discourse it produced on itself, revealing the tight relation between poverty, disorder, work and the development of a moral, therefore, between the intimacy of the social assistance issue and the concerns of the State. / Mestre

This thesis examines the impact of varying prostitution laws on international human trafficking, focusing on the Netherlands and Sweden. While the Netherlands legalizes sex work, Sweden adopts the Nordic model, criminalizing buyers but not sellers. Through qualitative analysis of social aid workers' perspectives, the study explores how different legal frameworks influence trafficking dynamics. Despite efforts to prevent trafficking, Sweden experiences a rise in rape cases, while legalizing sex work in the Netherlands aims to regulate the industry but can inadvertently facilitate exploitation by pimps. By addressing this gap in research, the study aims to determine whether certain legal approaches unintentionally increase trafficking. Findings will contribute to understanding the complex relationship between sex work laws and human trafficking, offering insights for policymakers and practitioners striving to fight exploitation and protect vulnerable individuals.

The thesis deals with the Cuban system of social security. The work focuses on general operation of social systems in Latin America and compares them with the Cuban social system. Thus, the thesis aims to explore the system of social security in Cuba, to describe its advantages and disadvantages and to show why the system is sometimes considered as more effective then other systems in this region. Attention has also been paid to the ageing of the population and how Cuba deals with this problem.

Social entrepreneurship, loosely defined as delivering social value in a sustainable way using market-based principles, is especially powerful tool in the Third world. Grass-root entrepreneurial approach of developing and empowering those countries from the bottom up is proving to be the most sustainable and efficient solution. First part of this work outlines historical context of the developing world and provides thorough analysis about challenges and threats it is facing. Furthermore, model defining what countries are the "most suitable" for a social venture is described, together with tools that are used nowadays to support the developing world. Second part puts main emphasis on defining and discussing the concept of social entrepreneurship, especially with respect to social venture design. Conclusions and practical recommendations are heavily based on interviews with successful and inspirational social entrepreneurs active in the Third world, as well as with leading NGOs with offices in the Czech Republic. All in all, the ultimate goal of this work is to create a big-picture overview about the reality the developing world is facing and describe how the most sustainable solutions can be designed.

L’importance croissante des fonds d’indemnisation, en droit français et dans les droits étrangers, invite à une étude approfondie de ces instruments alternatifs de compensation de dommages. Une analyse de leur champ d’application et de leur fonctionnement ainsi qu’une identification des objectifs de politique juridique font apparaître deux catégories de dispositifs : d’un côté, les fonds rétrospectifs chargés de gérer les conséquences d’un fait dommageable de grande ampleur survenu dans le passé et ayant fait l’objet d’une médiatisation importante ; de l’autre, les fonds prospectifs destinés à faciliter l’indemnisation de dommages isolés et à pallier des lacunes de la responsabilité civile ou administrative. Malgré des points de convergence, les fonds d’indemnisation se démarquent d’autres techniques d’indemnisation, telles que la Sécurité sociale et les assurances privées. Pour comprendre les raisons qui amènent le législateur à réserver un tel traitement particulier à certaines catégories de dommages, la notion d’indemnisation sociale, développée par la doctrine allemande, servira de point de départ pour construire un modèle explicatif qui appréhende notamment la diversité des régimes relevant d’un fonds d’indemnisation. Une comparaison de la procédure d’indemnisation devant un fonds et d’une action en responsabilité révèle un besoin d’ajustement de la réglementation des fonds pour exploiter au mieux les potentialités de ces instruments, aussi bien sur le terrain de la compensation que sur celui de la prévention des dommages. Une simplification des rapports entre les nombreux fonds et une meilleure articulation avec la responsabilité civile s’imposent pour assurer une intégration cohérente de ces régimes spéciaux dans le droit existant. / The increasing importance of compensation funds in French law and in other legal systems calls for a research study on this topic. The analysis of the scope and legal technique as well as the identification of the political aims behind those alternative compensation schemes reveals two categories: on the one hand, retrospective compensation schemes are introduced to manage the consequences of mass damages; on the other hand, the establishment of prospective funds remedies the gaps in tort law to facilitate the compensation of certain types of individual damages. In spite of similarities with Social security and private insurance, compensation funds form a unique compensation technique and can be held as the key element of social compensation, a concept which has been developed by German scholars and can explain the shifts between private and public compensation schemes as well as the diversity of fund regulations. However, a comparative approach of compensation under a fund regulation and a tort law action before the courts reveals a need for legislative adjustments in order to develop the full potential of alternative compensation schemes. A simplification of conflicts between different compensation funds and a better coordination with tort law actions have to be achieved to insure a coherent integration into the existing legal system.

Mayotte département d’outre-mer français depuis 2011, fait partie de l’archipel des Comores ; elle est séparée des îles de l’État de l’Union des Comores depuis 1975. L’instauration d’un visa en 1995 et l’ordonnance n° 2002-688 du 12 juillet 2004 entréeen vigueur le 1er avril 2005 relative à l’extension de la sécurité sociale à Mayotte exclut les malades étrangers du système de santé mahorais. Ceci entraine des processus d’évacuation sanitaire par la voie d’une immigration clandestine qui provoque des naufrages et des violations des droits du patient. L’attrait de Mayotte et de la France métropolitaine pour les populations défavorisées occasionne des situations de conflits et de concurrence pour l’accès à la protection sanitaire et sociale. Les populations défavorisées de Mayotte, qui se battent pour combler leur retard par rapport à la métropole, vivent mal cette concurrence ; tandis que les populations immigrées vivant dans la clandestinité et sous la menace d’une expulsion imminente, rencontrent des difficultés pour faire valoir leur droit aux soins et au bénéfice à l’assistance du système social. Les obstacles sont nombreux et souvent considérables, dus notamment à la discrimination, à une disparité de difficultés sociales et économiques et à leurs conditions de vie généralement très difficiles. La maîtrise des flux migratoires et la lutte contre l’immigration irrégulière demeurent des priorités de la politique du gouvernement français en matière d’immigration. Laspécificité de la situation du département de Mayotte ainsi que l’importance des flux migratoires qui y sont constatés ont conduit les autorités sanitaires à gérer les flux migratoires liés aux évacuations sanitaires par la voie illégale. La France mène une politique sanitaire en continuant de soutenir l’Union des Comores dans l’amélioration de l’accessibilité et de laqualité des soins, à travers les programmes d’appui au secteur de la santé. Ces programmes auront pour finalité l’amélioration de la santé des mères et des enfants, notamment la réduction des mortalités maternelle et néonatale. La France à travers son organisme Agence française de développement (AFD) entend appuyer le ministère de la Santé dans l’élaboration et la mise en oeuvre des politiques publiques et contribuer au renforcement du cadre institutionnel et juridique du secteur. Il s’agira notamment d’appuyer l’État comorien dans la mise en place de mécanismes de régulation du service privé dans le secteur public et de réformer la pharmacie nationale. Cette recherche pointe les enjeux liés au droit de la protection sociale et au droit de la santé des étrangers sur le territoire national, aussi bien en France métropolitaine qu’à Mayotte. La diversité des droits nationaux applicables à Mayotte constitue une entrave sérieuse face aux dispositifs locaux relatifs à l'accompagnement sanitaire et social. Il est donc indispensable de chercher des solutions juridiques relatives à l’uniformisation de ce droit sanitaire et social afin d’améliorer le système de santé. Les résultats de cette recherche ont montré que les dispositifs locaux tels que le « bon rose » et le « bon AGD » ne sont pas du tout équivalents aux dispositifs nationaux (l'AME et la CMUc). / Mayotte a French overseas department since 2011, is part of the comorian archipelago from which it was separated from the State of Union of the Comoros islands since 1975. The introduction of a visa in 1995 and the order n° 2002-688 delivered on 12 july 2004 and entered into force on April 1st 2005 with regard to the extension of social security in Mayotte exclude the foreign sick from Mayotte's health system. This leads to a process of medical evacuation following an illegal immigration way that causes shipwrecks and the violation of the patient's rights. The attraction of Mayotte and Mainland France for disadvantaged populations lead to conflict situations and competition in the access to health and social protection. Mayotte's disadvantaged populations, who are struggling to catch up with the mainland, do not get along with that competition. At the same time the illegal immigrants living clandestinely and with the threat of expulsion are facing difficulties to assert their right to health care and to benefit from social system assistance. Obstacles are numerous and most of the time considerable, mainly because of discrimination, because of their judicial status, of disparity in their social and economical difficulties and because of their generaly very hard living conditions. The control of migratory flow and the fight against illegal immigrant remain the top priorities of the French government policy as far as immigration is concerned. The singularity of the situation in the department of Mayotte and the huge migratory flows that have been observed led healthcare authorities to handle migratory movements related to illegal medical evacuations. France has a healthcare policy and continues to support the Union of Comoros in the effort to improve healthcare access and quality, through support programs to health sector. These programs aim at improving the health of mothers and children, mainly in reducing maternal mortality. Through its organisation AFD, France aims at supporting health ministry in elaborating and implementing public policies and helping comorian state to put in place regulatory mechanisms of a private service within public sector and to reform the national pharmacy. This work focus on the issues related to the right to social protection and the health law for foreigners on the national territory, in mainland France and in Mayotte as well. Diversity of national laws applicable in Mayotte is a significant barrier to local devices in terms of medical and social assistance. It is necessary to seek legal solutions related to standardization of this health and social law in order to better the healthcare system. During our field research we observed that local devices such as the "pink warrant" and the "good AGD" are not at all equivalent to the national devices (AME and CMUc).