This diploma thesis is analyzing civic associations that conduct a social enterprise in Prague. The aim of the paper is to discover, in which measure do the specific associations fulfill economical and social conditions according to the methodology EMES, which represents characteristics for an "optimal social enterprise". Firstly, the thesis examines the idea of the social economics and social entrepreneurship in the Czech Republic as well as in Europe. It focuses on the research network EMES of professor Jacques Defourny, and on the legal and economical activity of the civic associations. The methodological part of the paper analysis examples of the specific civic associations through the methodology EMES. For each association, economic and social conditions, based on methodic EMES, are examined through the document analysis method and semi-structured interviews. The output of this thesis are recommendations, that could improve the success rate of the Czech civic associations in an important manner. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:33:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paulo C da Silva Ilha.pdf: 4421270 bytes, checksum: f18bd9b73e1c90721b814d19ad5f6fe7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-19 / This search, whose title is "The growth and socio-economic development of agribusiness cooperatives in the West of Parana State", presents a new methodology for analysis of cooperatives. Considering that these developments differ from any business because it was there is of principles and doctrines aspects that distinguish them from other companies, especially those related to the inter-cooperation and concern for the community. It arose from the assumption that "It is likely that the agribusiness cooperatives in the west of Parana state are suitable for strategic management of inter-cooperation for development, generating economic and social growth and contributing to regional economic development." The first analysis examined the relationships of inter-cooperation that these cooperatives have with each other. Subsequently, we examined their growth, considering the Gross Sales, Fixed Assets, Equity, increasing the number of cooperative members and employees, increase within the last ten years. Then there is the efficiency to manage the Capital, to calculate the Economic Value Added, to evaluate whether the cooperatives add value or destroy the capital of its members and financial independence, to know whether they have sufficient capitalization to cope with new investments without compromising its operating results. Finally, we sought whether the cooperatives contribute to the growth of the municipalities where they are located. With all these perspectives of analysis, it is concluded that the cooperatives should get tested for inter increase and improvements in its management to do with the new requirements of market competition, satisfying serve their members in a better way and contribute more to the growth of the communities in which they are inserted. / Esta pesquisa, cujo título é O Crescimento e Desenvolvimento Sócio-Econômico das Cooperativas Agroindustriais do Oeste do Paraná , apresenta uma nova metodologia de análise de cooperativas. Considerando-se que estes empreendimentos diferem de uma empresa qualquer, pois existem os aspectos de princípios e doutrinas que as distinguem de outras empresas, principalmente aos que se referem à intercooperação e à preocupação com a comunidade. Partiu-se da hipótese de que É provável que as cooperativas agroindustriais do Oeste do Paraná estejam adequadas a uma gestão estratégica de intercooperação para se desenvolverem, gerando crescimento econômico e social e contribuindo para o desenvolvimento econômico regional . A análise examinou primeiramente as relações de intercooperação que essas cooperativas mantêm entre si. Posteriormente, examinou-se o crescimento delas, considerando o Faturamento Bruto, o Ativo Permanente, o Patrimônio Líquido, o aumento do número de cooperados e de funcionários, no período dos últimos dez anos. Em seguida, verificou-se a eficiência que possuem ao administrar o Capital Social, calculando-se o Valor Econômico Agregado, para avaliar se as referidas cooperativas agregam valor ou destroem o capital de seus cooperados e a independência financeira, conhecer se possuem capitalização suficiente a fim de fazer frente aos novos investimentos sem comprometer demasiadamente seus resultados operacionais. E por fim, buscou-se saber se essas mesmas cooperativas contribuem com o crescimento dos municípios onde estão localizadas suas sedes. Com todas essas perspectivas de análise, concluiu-se que as cooperativas analisadas devem buscar aumento de intercooperação e melhorias na sua gestão para fazerem frente às novas exigências de competitividade no mercado, satisfazer melhor a seus cooperados e contribuir mais com o crescimento das comunidades em que estão inseridas.

本研究之目的主要是為探討國立政治大學大學部學生家庭社經背景對其工讀行為之影響。對於本研究的進行，研究者將探討「家庭社經地位」、「其他背景變項」、「助學貸款」與「工讀行為」等變項間的關係。 本研究以九十七學年度第二學期社會科學學院二至四年級大學部學生為調查對象，以問卷調查法蒐集資料，有效問卷434份。研究工具為自訂「政治大學社會科學學院大學部學生家庭社經背景調查問卷」，所取得之資料以Probit模型檢定，使用Limdep 7.0套裝軟體進行資料分析。 在敘述統計部分，樣本資料中，以社會系學生有工讀行為之比例最高，而財政系學生工讀之比例則相對最低；若以年級區分，三年級學生有工讀行為之比例遠高於二年級與四年級學生；在性別上，女生工讀之比例高於男性。經進一步分析，父親教育程度為專科或高中職者，該大學生打工比例占樣本數八成，母親教育程度在國中小以下者，該大學生打工比率最高，占86.89％；父親目前失業或退休者，其子女打工比率最高，為81.54％，而母親則不論是家管、工作中、失業或退休，大學生工讀行為占樣本比例，均高達7成。家庭月收入在3萬以下者，大學生工讀比例為90.20％，在家庭結構上，單親家庭之大學生工讀比例略高於雙親家庭，而手足總數超過4人者，工讀比例均為100％。申請助學貸款者，工讀比例為93.62％，調查並發現，有75.12％的樣本曾有工讀情形；依據曾打工之樣本進一步分析，在打工地點上，校內與校外所占比例相當，在對學業成績之影響上，60.74％認為無影響，持正面影響與負面影響之樣本，均近2成。 經由Probit模型估計後發現：在家庭社經地位中，父親教育程度為專科或高中職者，對大學生工讀行為有顯著的正向影響；母親教育程度則除了大學之外，博碩士、專科與國中小者均對大學生工讀行為有顯著的正向影響；父母親就業現況對大學生工讀行為無顯著影響；而家庭月收入在3萬元以下者，對大學生工讀行為則有顯著正向影響。 其他背景變項中，社會科學學院大學部各系所中，僅民族系對學生工讀行為有顯著的正向影響；而二年級對工讀行為有顯著的負向影響；性別對於工讀行為，在統計上並無顯著影響，手足總數在對大學生工讀行為上也呈現顯著的正向影響。 而在助學貸款方面，經過分析亦發現，對大學生的工讀行為有顯著的正向影響。 / The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of family social and economic background of undergraduate students from National Taiwan Chengchi on their working decisions. For the proceed of this study, the researcher will probe about the relationship among the variables of “family social and economic background, “other background variables,” “student loan,” and “working decisions.” This study has based on the undergraduate students from sophomore to senior year with the College of Social Science at the second semester of 2008 academic year as its target, and questionnaire method is used to collection information, with 434 valid questionnaires retrieved. The research tool is of the self-produced “Family Social and Economic Background Questionnaire of Undergraduate Students from College of Social Science of National Chengchi University,” and the information obtained will be verified with Probit model, using Limped 7.0, software to conduct information analysis. In terms of descriptive statistics, it is found, from samples information, that students from department of sociology are given the highest ratio of working decisions, while those from department of finance are found with the lowest ratio. If it is classified in terms of year, the ratio of junior students with part-timing behavior is found far higher than those of sophomore and senior year; in terms of gender, the ratio of female students with part-timing behavior is relatively higher than those of male students. With further analysis, it is found that if the students whose fathers are found with educational background of junior college or high school the ratio of those students with part-timing behavior would have amounted to 80% of the samples, and if those students whose mother are found with educational background below junior high and elementary school the ratio of those students with part-timing behavior accounts the highest, amounting to 86.89%. As for father who are currently retired or unemployed, the ratio of their children is found with the highest part-timing behavior, amounting to 81. 54%; as for those students whose mother works as housewife, or who are with employment, unemployed, or retired, the ratio of university students who are part-timing among the samples has average reached 70%. For family with income less than NT$30,000, the ratio of student with part-timing behavior reaches 90.02%; in terms of family structure, the ratio of university student from single-parent family who part-times is slightly higher than those from dual-parent family; as for family with siblings over 4 people, the ratio of part-timing behavior is entirely 100%. For those students who apply for student loan, their ratio of part-timing behavior is 93.62%, and it is fond from the investigation that 75.12% of the samples are given with part-timing behavior; based on the samples with part-timing behavior for further analysis, it is found that the ratio of part-timing location within and outside the school is relatively the same; as for effect on their academic performance, 60.74% of the students believe that it does not effect at all, with about 20% of the samples that hold either positive and negative effect. It is found from the estimation of Probit model that if the educational background of the student’s father is found either with junior college or high school it would, in terms of family social economic status, render positive impact on the part-timing behavior of the student. Aside from educational background of the student’s mother who is found with college education, their educational background with either Ph.D, master, junior college, junior high, or elementary school, it would render with prominent positive impact on the part-timing behavior of students. As for current employment of the parents, it would hardly render any significant on the part-timing behavior of the student; for family whose monthly income that is less than NT$30,000, it would render with positive impact on the part-timing behavior of the student. Among other family variables, it is found that only the Department of Ethnology renders with positive impact on the part-timing behavior of students among each of the undergraduate students from the College of Social Science; sophomore year renders with significant negative impact on the part-timing behavior of the students. As for gender on part-timing behavior, it does not provide any significant impact statistically, while the number of total siblings has exerted prominent positive impact on the part-timing behavior of the students. In terms of student loan, it is found, after analysis, that it would exert rather significant and positive impact on part-timing behavior.

The thesis is focused on the role of fathers represented in different lifestyle magazines for women. There were selected two kinds of magazine brands for women from different social-economic groups. The representative magazines from higher social-economic groups were chosen Elle, Harper's Bazaar, Cosmopolitan and Marianne. The representative magazines for women from lower social-economic groups were chosen Vlasta, Chvilka pro tebe, Žena a život and Překvapení. There were found only articles which show man as father, including description, in all selected magazines. The terms were generated according to the method of open coding from each article. Then they were merged into superior categories. The final categories served as a tool for describing representation of father, as he had been described in the individual magazines. From individual magazines we moved to the whole groups of magazines, which were designed for the same social-economic groups of women. Differences and similarities in the representations of fathers were found not only between the groups but also inside of the groups themselves. Nevertheless, our work has successfully shown that there were significant differences in the descriptions of the father in the magazines for different social-economic groups of women.

No description available.

O contínuo aumento na produção leiteira, associado à diminuição no número de produtores na atividade, acaba por levantar um questionamento no tocante à produtividade. Afinal, quais os fatores socioeconômicos que podem estar afetando esta produtividade? A fim de investigar mais sobre o assunto, o presente trabalho analisou o comportamento das funções de produtividade, de custo e de lucro. Além das variáveis econômicas propriamente ditas - como escala de produção, nível e tipo de tecnologia, essas funções incluíram algumas especificidades do produtor - como escolaridade, idade, experiência, domicilio etc. Para sintetizar tais especificidades, utilizou-se o método dos componentes principais da análise fatorial. Em seguida, os fatores obtidos foram incorporados nos modelos de lucro, custo e da produtividade. As variáveis econômicas tiveram efeito predominante sobre a produtividade. Observaram-se ganhos moderados de escala, que reduzem os custos e aumentam os lucros. Dessa forma, há uma tendência moderada de longo prazo de expansão de volume produzido em maiores propriedades, ficando os pequenos produtores em desvantagem competitiva. A permanência desses produtores na atividade dependerá da capacitação que venham a receber, o que costuma ser oferecido por cooperativas e laticínios. Esse treinamento deveria ser estendido também aos filhos. Investimentos nesse sentido trariam ganhos na receita e um impacto social positivo por reter o jovem no campo e/ou prepará-lo para que, em melhores condições, busque outras formas de ocupação nas áreas urbanas. / The continuous growth of the milk production along with the reduction of the number of producers raises questions concerning productivity. What factors might be affecting productivity? This work aimed to analyze the effects of economic variables on the cost, the profit and the milk productivity functions. In addition some specificities of the farmer - such as age, experience etc. - were considered in those functions. The method of principal components of the factorial analysis was used to group the specificity variables in factors that later entered the models of profit, cost and the productivity. As for the economic variables, they are the main variables that affect the productivity. Moderate increasing returns to scale were observed. Therefore there is a tendency in the long run of increasing production in large farms. The permanence of small producers in the activity will depend on the training they will receive, which is usually offered by cooperatives and some milk companies. It is essential that this training also be extended to their children. Investments in this direction would bring gains in income either by enhancing farm productivity or by improving the chances of success in urban activities.

The study aims to understand the inclusive attitude by the senior-graders in elementary school toward the classmates of intellectual disability. The study explores that the difference of the inclusive attitudes by the senior-graders in elementary school toward the classmates of intellectual disability under different background variables (such as gender, grade, contact level, whether serving as an officer in the class or not, academic performance, the social and economic status of the family etc.), predicting ability of the inclusive attitude by the students in elementary school toward the classmates of intellectual disability under different background variables, and present viewpoints and make suggestions based on the research results to provide reference for inclusive education development of the elementary school in the future. The study adopts the questionnaire survey method in the research method, develops research framework by referring to internal and external relative literature, and develops ¡§the questionnaire survey of the peer inclusive attitude by the senior-graders in Chao Shiang Elementary School in Kaohsiung County¡¨, wherein by ¡§personal basic information¡¨, ¡§the learning acceptance attitude by the peers¡¨, ¡§the support acceptance attitude by the peers¡¨ and ¡§the friendship acceptance attitude by the peers¡¨ etc., the inclusive attitude scale by the students in Chao Shiang Elementary School toward the classmates of intellectual disability, the study understands the sample property and compares the difference of the inclusive attitudes by the students of different backgrounds toward the classmates of intellectual disability after basic information of the subjects is collected. The study makes a sampling survey after completion of the questionnaire and utilizes the unsimplified Chinese version of the statistic package software SPSS FOR WINDOW 10.0 and the statistic package software Excel 2003 to make a statistic analysis of sampling data to present research conclusions and make research suggestions after completion of survey. The study takes the senior-graders studying in Chao Chiang Elementary School in Kaohsiung County as research objects and adopts the disproportional stratified random sampling method to test a sampling. The study sends out 210 questionnaires to collect questionnaire information, recovers 207 questionnaires (the recovery rate is 98.57%), and 205 valid samples are finally acquired (the valid recovery rate is 97.62%) after invalid questionnaires are deleted. The study finds: The learning acceptance attitude by the senior-graders in Chao Chiang Elementary School in Kaohsiung County toward the classmates of intellectual disability tends to be aggressive and positive. The support acceptance attitude by the senior-graders in Chao Chiang Elementary School in Kaohsiung County toward the classmates of intellectual disability tends to be aggressive and positive. The friendship acceptance attitude by the senior-graders in Chao Chiang Elementary School in Kaohsiung County toward the classmates of intellectual disability tends to be aggressive and positive. The background variables of the senior-graders in Chao Chiang Elementary School in Kaohsiung County don¡¦t have significant difference, no matter in gender, grade, contact level, whether serving as an officer in the class or not, academic performance, the social and economic status of the family. The inclusive attitude scale in the learning acceptance attitude by the peers, the support acceptance attitude by the peers and the friendship acceptance attitude by the peers does not have predicting ability. Besides, the study also finds that the contact level between the subject students in Chao Chiang Elementary School and the classmates of intellectual disability is very high. Because Chao Chiang Elementary School has implemented inclusive education for a period of time, the subject students are somewhat familiar with the classmates of intellectual disability, which may be also one of the reasons which the acceptance attitude by the students generally tends to be aggressive and positive. Finally, the study makes suggestions to provide reference for the authority concerned, school, teachers, and future research based on the findings and generalized conclusions of the study.

Kadangi manoma, jog dauguma vyrų mūsų visuomenėje turi geresnius socialinius-ekonominius rodiklius (geresnes pareigas darbe, daugiau uždirba), todėl daroma prielaida, jog jų subjektyvi fizinė sveikata ir psichologinė gerovė turėtų būti geresnė nei moterų. Tad šiame darbe mes norėsime patikrinti šiuos socialinius-ekonominius ryšius su subjektyvia fizine sveikata ir psichologine gerove vyrų imtyje. Šio darbo tikslas - įvertinti vyrų socialinės-ekonominės padėties bei subjektyvios fizinės sveikatos ir psichologinės gerovės skirtumus sociodemografinių duomenų atžvilgiu (išsilavinimo, šeimyninės padėties, darbo stažo) bei nustatyti socialinės-ekonominės padėties sąsajas su subjektyvia fizine sveikata ir psichologine gerove. Tyrime dalyvavo 132 vyrai, dirbantys trejose skirtingo dydžio Marijampolės miesto autotransporto įmonėse, teikiančiose transporto paslaugas. Socialinė-ekonominė vyrų padėtis šiame darbe buvo matuojama socialinės-ekonominės padėties indeksu (12 klausimų, sudarytų darbo autorės, 2007). Vyrų subjektyviai suvokiama sveikata matuota subjektyvios sveikatos indeksu (12 klausimų, parengtų darbo autorės, 2007). Vyrų psichologinė gerovė buvo matuota Carol Ryff psichologinės gerovės skale (Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being, 1989 m.), susidedančia iš eilės teiginių, atspindinčių 6 psichologinės gerovės sritis: autonomiškumą, aplinkos valdymą, asmenybės augimą, teigiamą ryšį su kitais, tikslą gyvenime ir savęs priėmimą. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, vyrai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Whereas it is considered that most of the men in our society have improved the social – economic indicators ( better obligation at work, bigger earnings ), therefore it is assumed that their subjective physical health and psychological well – being should be better then women. So into this paper we want to check these social – economic ties to its subjective physical health and psychological well – being of men sample. The aim of this work - to assess the social economic men situation and the subjective physical health and welfare differences between the sociodemographical both (education, marital status, seniority) and to identify the social - economic links with subjective physical health and psychological well-being. The study included 132 men working in three different sizes Marijampolė city truck companies providing transport services. Socio - economic situation of men in this work was measured in the social - economic situation index (12 questions, made of the author of the work, 2007). Men subjectively perceived health measured subjective health index (12 questions prepared by the author, 2007). Men's psychological well-being was measured of Carol Ryff psychological well-being scale (Ryff Scale of Psychological Well - Being, 1989), a series of statements that reflect the psychological welfare of 6 areas: autonomy, environmental masteryt, personal growth, positive relationship with others, purpose in life and self-acceptance. The results of the study showed that the... [to full text]

Darbo tikslas: nustatyti pirmų klasių mokinių fizinio aktyvumo ir mitybos sąsajas su šeimų socialine ir ekonomine padėtimi Kauno miesto mokyklose. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Įvertinti Kauno miesto pirmų klasių mokinių fizinį aktyvumą; 2. Įvertinti Kauno miesto pirmų klasių mokinių mitybos ypatumus; 3. Išanalizuoti Kauno miesto pirmų klasių mokinių šeimų sociolinius-ekonominius veiksnius; 4. Nustatyti sąsajas tarp Kauno miesto pirmų klasių mokinių fizinio aktyvumo, mitybos bei šeimos socialinės-ekonominės padėties. Tyrimo metodika: COSI tyrimo pagrindu, apklausos anketoje tėvams/globėjams buvo pateikti 48 klausimai. Anketą Kauno mieste užpildė 407 tėvai. Duomenų statistinė analizė atlikta naudojant SPSS 19.0 for Windows programą. Rezultatai: Pusė Kauno miesto pirmų klasių mokinių yra fiziškai aktyvūs – 53,4% berniukų ir 55,3% mergaičių. Švieži vaisiai pirmų klasių moksleivių racione vartojami dažniau nei šviežios daržovės (p<0,05), Bulvių traškučiai, pica yra valgomi retai – kelis kartus per mėnesį, o sausainiai ir saldainiai pirmų klasių mokinių valgomi 1-3 kartus per savaitę. Didžioji dalis 82,2% berniukų ir 77,9% mergaičių gyvena pilnoje šeimoje (p>0,05), namuose su visais patogumais. Daugumos tėvų išsialvinimas yra vidutinis, mamų – dažniausiai yra aukštasis. Išvados: Dauguma Kauno miesto pirmokų yra fiziškai aktyvūs. Nustatyta, kad dauguma pirmokų pusryčiauja kiekvieną rytą. Švieži vaisiai pradinių klasių moksleivių racione vartojami dažniau nei šviežios daržovės. Pirmų klasių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the study: set the first grade students of physical activity and dietary links to families' social and economic situation in Kaunas city schools. The objectives of the study: 1. Rate Kaunas city first-grade students of physical activity; 2. Rate Kaunas city first-grade students nutrition features; 3. Analyze Kaunas city first-grade students of families of social and economic situation; 4. Identify links between Kaunas city first grade students of physical activity, nutrition and social and economic situation. Research Methods: COSI research-based questionnaire survey to parents / guardians were present 48 questions. The form is filled out in Kaunas 407 parents. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0 for Windows program. Results: Half of the city of Kaunas first grade students are physically active – 53,4% of boys and 55,3% girls. Fresh fruits in the diet of first-grade students used more often than fresh vegetables (p<0.05), potato chips, pizza is eaten rarely – a few times a month, and cookies and candy in the first grade eaten 1-3 times a week. The majority of the 82.2% of boys and 77.9% girls living in nuclear family (p>0.05), at home with all the amenities. The majority of parents are išsialvinimas average, mothers – are usually higher. Conclusions: Most of the the city of Kaunas and first graders are physically active. It was found that the majority of first graders have breakfast every morning. Fresh fruits in the diet of the children were... [to full text]

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as especificidades da economia paraguaia no contexto latino-americano, explorando sua complexidade socioeconômica. A relevância do tema deve-se à ausência de estudos rigorosos sobre a economia paraguaia, e à proximidade física entre Brasil e Paraguai que resulta em pontos de interseção histórica e econômica entre esses dois países. Portanto, a proposta é estudar o desenvolvimento socioeconômico do Paraguai a partir de suas estruturas econômicas e sociais. A hipótese é de que a evolução do ambiente institucional do Paraguai é responsável por seu atraso econômico e a passagem para o regime democrático não significou mudanças qualitativas. A escola regulacionista e institucionalista, a teoria do subdesenvolvimento e da dependência são os arcabouços teóricos que orientam a análise proposta, a qual foi realizada a partir de estudos bibliográficos e de levantamento de dados secundários. A histórica instabilidade política, o autoritarismo, os conflitos bélicos, a paralisia social e as limitadas alternativas de crescimento econômico materializaram-se na Estrutura Social Autoritária de Acumulação. Essa lógica capitalista em território paraguaio esteve conformada por um Estado oligárquico e autoritário, grupos econômicos privilegiados, crescente precarização das relações trabalhistas, certa estabilidade monetária e no contexto do comércio internacional, acirra-se a especialização no setor agroindustrial e no comércio de reexportação. As décadas finais do século XX indicam não apenas uma profunda crise socioeconômica, mas também a necessidade e emergência de mudanças estruturais haja vista a imposição democrática em curso. Como resultado, o estudo aponta que o Paraguai apresenta diferenças importantes nos aspectos socioeconômicos em relação aos países vizinhos, e por isso, sua trajetória de desenvolvimento correspondeu a resultados distintos de modo que não é possível incluir o Paraguai em análises gerais sobre a América Latina. / This work aims to analyze the specificities of the Paraguayan economy in the Latin American context, exploring its socio-economic complexity. The relevance of the theme is due to the absence of rigorous studies on the Paraguayan economy and, to the physical proximity between Brazil and Paraguay, which results in economical and historical points of intersection between these two countries. Therefore, the proposal is to study the socioeconomic development of Paraguay from its social and economic structures. The hypothesis is that the evolution of the institutional environment of Paraguay is responsible for its economic delay and for the transition to democratic regime, which did not result in qualitative changes. The regulationist and institutionalist schools, the theory of underdevelopment and the theory of dependence are the theoretical frameworks that guide the proposed analysis, which was held based on bibliographic studies and on secondary data collection. The historic political instability, the authoritarianism, the military conflicts, the social paralysis and the limited alternatives for economic growth have been materialized in the Authoritative Social Structure of Accumulation. This capitalist logic in the Paraguayan territory was made by an authoritarian and oligarchic State, by privileged economic groups, by growing precariousness of labor relations, by some monetary stability and in the context of international trade, all these aspects have made it extremely necessary to specialize the agro-industrial sector and the re-export trade. The final decades of the 20th century indicate not only a deep socio-economic crisis, but also the need for the emergency of structural changes owing to the ongoing democratic imposition. As a result, the study points out that Paraguay presents important differences in socioeconomic aspects in relation to its neighboring countries. Hence, its trajectory of development corresponded to distinct results so it is not possible to include Paraguay in the general analysis about Latin America.