This thesis investigates the myriad of responses and complex relationships residents have to the stigma attached to their neighbourhood, one categorised by the police as socially vulnerable (Nationella operativa avdelningen 2019). This research explores the narrative of place to diffuse some complexity around the multidimensional positions people have to stigma and stigmatising imagery of place. Drawing on qualitative interview material, with past and present residents in Hisings Backa, this thesis explores the narrative of stigmatisation from experiential and temporal perspectives of understanding the place of Hisings Backa. Using a feminist approach, the research highlights the importance of understanding everyday experiences of place and space in the context of locating the wider effects of place stigma.

Philanthropy and philanthropic associations and organizations were highly active in European countries in the 19th century, because of the widespread poverty that affected people of the lower class. Poverty, and solutions for it, was highly debated and resulted in different policies that affected the image of and conditions for the population in need. In this time of distress, people of the philanthropic organizations, made it possible for children to be relocated to other families, to be under better conditions during their growth. Because of the religious roots and agenda that philanthropic organizations possessed, it is interesting to investigate how this might have been an act of controlling, disciplining and monitoring the socially vulnerable. This thesis intended to study the underlying motives of the said institution by analyzing discourses of the children and parents through subject positions, discipline mechanisms and surveillance. The results demonstrated that there were acts of normalization and discipline of the poor by taking them out of their said to be morally corrupted homes and conditioning them in another with Christian morality and rituals. Children and their parents were monitored through the community and children were highly observed through follow-ups when committed in the association. There were also acts of othering by describing children and parents as the opposite of the desirable norms and therefore increasing the distance between the socially vulnerable and the upper class. Mothers were especially vulnerable when describing the parents as immoral, frivolous and prurient.

Crime prevention is important for creating safe and secure urban environments. In recent years, gang crime and offences have been increasingly discussed in the Swedish debate. Previous research shows that physical design can be used from a crime prevention perspective. Research shows that physical design can influence the occurrence of crime and reduce the sense of fear of crime. This master thesis aimed to study crime prevention measures in relation to physical design in two different areas in Sweden, and how it affects residents' perception of safety and security.The results show that both neighbourhoods work with physical design to prevent crime, but thereare differences and similarities, and that the physical environment affects residents' sense of safety and security in different ways. The results also show that it is important to create an environment that encourages social encounters in order to create a strong community among residents.The study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with planners, landscape architects,architects and property owners. Walking interviews were also conducted with residents of the two neighbourhoods. Document analysis of reports and crime statistics was carried out.

Ungdomsbrottslighet är just nu högaktuellt i media och politiska debatter i Sverige, där fokus ofta ligger på vilka riskfaktorer som finns, och vilka förebyggande åtgärder som behövs. De risk- och skyddsfaktorer om ungas anslutning till brottslighet är oftast samma variabler. Det som avgör något är en risk- eller skyddsfaktor är vad utfallet blir. För att förstå vad som spelar roll för unga män, som är överrepresenterade i ungdomsbrottslighet, vilka förebyggande åtgärder som gör skillnad i unga mäns liv ämnar studien att identifiera möjliga skyddsfaktorer. Syftet är med uppsatsen är att identifiera skyddsfaktorer hos unga män mellan 18–28 år, vilka som ligger till grund för att de inte ansluter sig till brottslighet. För att sedan jämföra de identifiera skyddsfaktorerna med de skyddsfaktorer som presenteras i teorin om sociala band. Studien är genomförd med kvalitativ metod med semi-strukturerade intervjuer av fem respondenter som aldrig varit brottsligt aktiva, misstänkta eller dömda för brott. Insamlade empirin från respondenterna resulterade i att en kombination av skyddsfaktorer har bidragit till att de inte anslutit sig till brottslighet. Starka och närvarande familjerelationer identifieras som särskild framträdande och viktig skyddsfaktor. De skyddsfaktorer som teorin om sociala band innehåller prövades och resulterade i att de överensstämde med de skyddsfaktorer som identifierades av empirin. / Juvenile delinquency is currently highly topical in the media and political debates in Sweden, where the focus is often on what risk factors exist, and what preventive measures are needed. The risk and protection factors of young adults’ connection to crime are usually the same variables. What determines something is a risk or protection factor is what the outcome will be. To understand what plays a role for young adults, who are overrepresented in juvenile delinquency, what preventive measures make a difference in young adults’ lives, the study aims to identify possible protective factors. The purpose of this thesis is to identify protective factors in young adults between the ages of 18 and 28, which are the basis for them not joining crime. To then compare the identifying protection factors with the protection factors presented in the theory of social ties. The study was conducted using a qualitative method with semi-structured interviews of five respondents who had never been criminally active, suspected nor convicted of crimes. The empirical evidence gathered from the respondents resulted in a combination of protective factors contributing to their non-involvement in crime. Strong and present family relationships are identified as a particularly prominent and important protective factor. The protective factors contained in the theory of social ties we retested and resulted in them being consistent with the protective factors identified by the empirics.

Andelen barn och ungdomar som befinner sig ett socialt utanförskap halkar efter alltmer i samhället. Att befinna sig ett socialt utanförskap kan medföra en rad negativa konsekvenser för såväl den enskilde individen som för samhället. Det finns ett stort behov av att belysa framgångsrika exempel på sociala innovationer, inriktade på unga i socialt utsatta områden, som kan förbättra deras välfärd och framtidsutsikter. Syftet med examensarbetet var att beskriva verksamheten ”Nattfotboll” utifrån programteori och undersöka dess förutsättningar för att skalas upp utifrån teorier om spridning av interventioner. Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ studiedesign bestående av en fokusgruppsintervju med initiativtagare och projektledare, semistrukturerade intervjuer med 10 ledare och 21 ungdomar samt tre strukturerade observationer i samband med idrottsaktiviteter i Sandviken och i Örebro. Resultatet visade att konceptet Nattfotboll kännetecknades av flera viktiga kärnkomponenter och nyckelidéer. De komponenter som tillskrevs mycket stor betydelse för utfallet var de unga, utvalda ledare som drev idrottsverksamheten, men även den lokala projektledaren. Verksamheten visade sig främja ett relationsbygge mellan ungdomarna och ledarna som var betydelsefullt: ungdomarna fick tillgång till unga förebilder, medan de unga ledarna kunde växa som individer. Verksamheten erbjuder en träffpunkt som bidrar till att ungdomar breddar sitt kontaktnät, blir mer fysiskt aktiva och erbjuds en väg in i föreningslivet, då många av ledarna själva är idrottsaktiva. Studien visar att Nattfotbollskonceptet innehåller de fem kategorier som är nödvändiga för en framgångsrik uppskalning; Kärnkomponenter & Nyckelidéer, Upplägg, Kommunikation, Resultatmätning & Feedback samt Ledarskap. Ytterligare forskning skulle kunna bidra till att fördjupa förståelsen för vad interventionen har för betydelse för ledarna som individer. / A great number of children and adolescents who are in a social exclusion is lagging behind in society. A social exclusion can lead to a number of negative consequences for both the individual and the community. There is a great need to highlight successful examples of social innovations aimed at young people in socially vulnerable areas that can improve their well-being and prospects. The aim of the thesis was to describe the innovation Night Football on the basis of program theory and also examine its conditions for scaling up on the basis of diffusion theory and a framework for spread. The study was conducted with a qualitative study design consisting of a focus group interview with initiators and project managers, semi-structured interviews with 10 leaders and 21 young participants, as well as three structured observations in connection with sports activities in Sandviken and Örebro. The result showed that the Night Football concept was characterized by several key core components and key ideas. The components attributed to the outcome were the young, chosen leaders who run the sport activities, but also the local project manager. The innovation turned out to promote important relationships between the young people and the leaders: young people gained access to young role models, while young leaders could grow as individuals. The innovation offers a meeting point that helps young people broaden their network of contacts, becomes more physically active and they are also offered a way into sports associations, as many of the leaders themselves are connected to sport clubs. The study shows that the Night Football concept contains the five categories necessary for a successful upscale; Core components & Key ideas, Structure, Communication, Performance Measurement & Feedback, and Leadership. Further research could help to deepen the understanding of the innovations impact on the leaders as individuals.

No description available.

Att Polismyndigheten har svårt att klara upp fall av dödligt våld i kriminella miljöer är ett problem som är vida känt i dagens Sverige. I kriminalstatistiken påvisas ett ökat skjutvapenvåld, och studier samt personliga utsagor vittnar om en utbredd tystnadskultur inom kriminella kretsar och utsatta områden. Denna studie uppmärksammar den problematik som finns kopplad till utredningar av dödligt våld i kriminella miljöer. Intervjuer har gjorts med fem utredare som är, eller nyligen har arbetat, med dessa ärenden inom Polismyndigheten. Materialet har analyserats med hjälp av en kvalitativ innehållsanalys, och resultatet har kopplats till teorierna rational choice, broken windows, samt organisatoriskt lärande. I resultatet har identifierats svårigheter kopplade den resursbrist som tydligt framkommit under studiens gång, där det efterfrågas ett större antal utredare samt bredare kompetens, kunskap och erfarenhet. Vidare har framkommit att det förekommer svårigheter i att få människor att vittna vid dessa typer av brott. Slutligen efterfrågas av intervjupersonerna större legala möjligheter i form av övervakning. / The purpose of this study was to examine what investigative difficulties are associated with investigations of lethal violence in criminal environments. We wanted to investigate which factors tend to complicate the work for Polismyndigheten. Furthermore, we discussed the consequences that the low rate of resolved cases has on society and how it's connected to crime prevention. The material was gathered from five semi-structured interviews and the result from these was analyzed with previous studies on the subject as well as rational choice theory, broken windows theory and organizational learning theory. The result showed that difficulties related to lack of resources was a clear theme in all the interviews. This is primarily connected to a need for more investigators in the relevant sections as well as a broader set of skills, knowledge and experience distributed over the entire workforce. Furthermore, the study showed that there is a problem regarding getting witnesses to give their statements to the police during investigations of lethal violence in criminal environments. Finally, greater legal possibilities regarding surveillance were identified as a part of the result.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka de tre brottsförebyggande åtgärdsförslagen för socialt utsatta grupper i socialt utsatta områden presenterade av regeringen i 34-punktsprogrammet. Detta via en jämförande analys av texten i förhållande till Brottsförebyggande Rådets kunskapsöversikt inom samma problemområde. Denna undersökning grundar sig i frågeställningarna om vilka åtgärder 34-punktsprogrammet och Brottsförebyggande rådets översikt presenterar samt hur de överensstämmer vad gäller åtgärdsmål och målgrupp. Underlaget för studiens bakgrund ger läsaren förutsättningar att förstå brottsprevention i förhållande till brottsförebyggande åtgärder, 34-punktprogrammets innebörd och centrala aktörer i det brottsförebyggande arbetet. Med stöd av studiens tematiska innehållsanalys har flertal gemensamma teman återfunnits där samverkan och ökad kunskap varit betydande i brottsförebyggande arbetet mot gängkriminaliteten i socialt utsatta områden. Studiens resultat har däremot visat på att det råder en viss diskrepans vad gäller definitionen av socialt utsatta grupper och socialt utsatta områden samt en vaghet om hur 34-punktsprogrammet förhåller sig till Brå’s kunskapsöversikt. Studiens resultat möjliggör förslag på vidare forskning i form av jämförelse med internationell forskning. Ännu ett förslag är att undersöka huruvida en gemensam definition av brottsförebyggande arbete påverkar beredningen av kriminalpolitiska åtgärdsförslag. Ett slutligt aktuellt förslag är även att undersöka effektiviteten av åtgärderna för att tillhandahålla information om huruvida åtgärderna är tillämpningsbara inom svensk kriminalpolitik. / The purpose of the study was to examine the three crime prevention measures for socially vulnerable groups in socially vulnerable areas presented by the government in the 34-point program. The purpose is fulfilled by a comparative analysis of the 34-point program in relation to the Crime Prevention Council's research review within the same problem area. This study is based on what measures the 34-point program and the Crime Prevention Council's research review present, as well as how they correspond in terms of action goals and target group. The basis for the study's background provides the reader with the prerequisites to understand crime prevention in relation to crime prevention measures, the meaning of the 34-point program and key actors in crime prevention work. With the support of the study's thematic content analysis, several common themes have been found where collaboration and increased knowledge have been significant in crime prevention work against gang crime in socially vulnerable areas. The results of the study, on the other hand, have shown that there is a certain discrepancy regarding the definition of socially vulnerable groups and socially vulnerable areas, as well as a vagueness about how the 34-point program relates to Crime Prevention Council's research review. The results of the study enable proposals for further research in the form of comparison with international research. Another proposal is to investigate whether a common definition of crime prevention work affects the preparation of criminal policy measures. A final current proposal is also to investigate the effectiveness of the measures to provide information on whether the measures are applicable in Swedish criminal policy.