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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Análise mecânica e biomecânica de solados para calçados

Palhano, Rudnei January 2013 (has links)
A crescente busca por novos materiais, com baixo custo e que auxiliem na performance humana é um incentivo para os pesquisadores e para a indústria calçadista. O calçado deixou de ser acessório e tornou-se uma proteção para o sistema músculo-esquelético, tendo como principal objetivo o conforto. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar e correlacionar as propriedades mecânicas e Biomecânicas de calçados com diferentes solados. Neste estudo foram caracterizadas, analisadas e comparadas as propriedades mecânicas, a absorção do impacto em diferentes faixas e a aceleração do calçado e da tíbia durante a marcha com diferentes materiais no solado. Os ensaios foram realizados em um modelo de calçado utilizando diferentes materiais na região do calcâneo. Os materiais utilizados foram EVA, PU, TPU, SBR e madeira. Os materiais foram caracterizados segundo a sua dureza, densidade, energia absorvida, energia retornada, energia perdida e rigidez. Para os ensaios biomecânicos foram utilizados 11 sujeitos do gênero masculino e foram avaliadas a taxa de aceitação do peso em diferentes faixas, o primeiro pico de força, impulsão, segundo pico de força, pico da força ântero-posterior, aceleração do calçado, taxa de aceitação de aceleração, aceleração tibial e transmissibilidade de aceleração. Os sujeitos caminharam em uma passarela na velocidade de 5 km/h e utilizaram os calçados com diferentes solados randomicamente. Os resultados dos ensaios evidenciaram: a) diferenças nas propriedades mecânicas dos materiais; b) a taxa de aceitação do peso é a forma mais adequada de analisar a absorção do impacto durante a marcha; c) a aceleração do calçado e a transmissibilidade de aceleração são possíveis diferenciar as propriedades mecânicas dos materiais utilizados nos solados. / The growing search for new materials, with low cost and to assist in human performance is a pursuit for researchers and for the footwear company. The footwear is no longer an accessory and is a protection for the musculoskeletal system, and the main more important characteristic is the comfort. The aim this study was to analyze and correlate the mechanical properties and biomechanics of shoes with different heel soles. In this study it is characterized, analyzed, and compared the mechanical properties, the vertical-force loading rate in different levels and the shoes vibration and tibia vibration during the gait with different in the heel sole. The tests were performed with a shoe with different materials heel soles. The materials used were EVA, PU, TPU, SBR and wood. The materials were characterized by hardness, density, energy absorbed, energy return, energy lost and stiffness. The biomechanical tests were used 11 subjects (males). Parameter were: vertical-force loading rate, impact peak, impulse, antero-posterior ground reaction force, shoes vibration, vibration loading rate, tibia vibration and transmissibility. The subjects walked at a walk at the speed of 5 km/h and used shoes randomly. The tests results showed differences in mechanical properties of materials and also for the vertical-force loading rate. There is no difference in the antero-posterior ground reaction peak and impulse in the shoes. But, there is statistic difference in the shoes vibration and vibration loading rate. Were found correlate between transmissibility and shoes vibration with mechanical properties.
12

Análise mecânica e biomecânica de solados para calçados

Palhano, Rudnei January 2013 (has links)
A crescente busca por novos materiais, com baixo custo e que auxiliem na performance humana é um incentivo para os pesquisadores e para a indústria calçadista. O calçado deixou de ser acessório e tornou-se uma proteção para o sistema músculo-esquelético, tendo como principal objetivo o conforto. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar e correlacionar as propriedades mecânicas e Biomecânicas de calçados com diferentes solados. Neste estudo foram caracterizadas, analisadas e comparadas as propriedades mecânicas, a absorção do impacto em diferentes faixas e a aceleração do calçado e da tíbia durante a marcha com diferentes materiais no solado. Os ensaios foram realizados em um modelo de calçado utilizando diferentes materiais na região do calcâneo. Os materiais utilizados foram EVA, PU, TPU, SBR e madeira. Os materiais foram caracterizados segundo a sua dureza, densidade, energia absorvida, energia retornada, energia perdida e rigidez. Para os ensaios biomecânicos foram utilizados 11 sujeitos do gênero masculino e foram avaliadas a taxa de aceitação do peso em diferentes faixas, o primeiro pico de força, impulsão, segundo pico de força, pico da força ântero-posterior, aceleração do calçado, taxa de aceitação de aceleração, aceleração tibial e transmissibilidade de aceleração. Os sujeitos caminharam em uma passarela na velocidade de 5 km/h e utilizaram os calçados com diferentes solados randomicamente. Os resultados dos ensaios evidenciaram: a) diferenças nas propriedades mecânicas dos materiais; b) a taxa de aceitação do peso é a forma mais adequada de analisar a absorção do impacto durante a marcha; c) a aceleração do calçado e a transmissibilidade de aceleração são possíveis diferenciar as propriedades mecânicas dos materiais utilizados nos solados. / The growing search for new materials, with low cost and to assist in human performance is a pursuit for researchers and for the footwear company. The footwear is no longer an accessory and is a protection for the musculoskeletal system, and the main more important characteristic is the comfort. The aim this study was to analyze and correlate the mechanical properties and biomechanics of shoes with different heel soles. In this study it is characterized, analyzed, and compared the mechanical properties, the vertical-force loading rate in different levels and the shoes vibration and tibia vibration during the gait with different in the heel sole. The tests were performed with a shoe with different materials heel soles. The materials used were EVA, PU, TPU, SBR and wood. The materials were characterized by hardness, density, energy absorbed, energy return, energy lost and stiffness. The biomechanical tests were used 11 subjects (males). Parameter were: vertical-force loading rate, impact peak, impulse, antero-posterior ground reaction force, shoes vibration, vibration loading rate, tibia vibration and transmissibility. The subjects walked at a walk at the speed of 5 km/h and used shoes randomly. The tests results showed differences in mechanical properties of materials and also for the vertical-force loading rate. There is no difference in the antero-posterior ground reaction peak and impulse in the shoes. But, there is statistic difference in the shoes vibration and vibration loading rate. Were found correlate between transmissibility and shoes vibration with mechanical properties.
13

Théorie et pratique de l'énigme en Grèce ancienne

Berra, Aurélien 28 November 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Cette thèse vise à élaborer un point de vue global sur l'énigme grecque, en étudiant son champ lexical et sémantique, les théories anciennes et les sources principales. Les faits antiques sont mis en perspective par un état de la question dans le domaine anthropologique. Une première partie mène l'examen étymologique, sémantique, syntaxique et statistique des groupes lexicaux d'"ainigma" et de "griphos", ainsi que de leurs calques latins, à travers une analyse de corpus fondée sur les bases de données les plus récentes. Dans la deuxième partie, l'étude des conceptions de l'énigme qui apparaissent dans les textes savants de l'Antiquité gréco-latine, depuis l'époque classique jusqu'aux commentaires byzantins, montre les obstacles que rencontre la théorisation de ce genre traditionnel. La troisième partie de ce travail s'attache aux principaux vestiges de la tradition grecque : la section sur les énigmes des "Deipnosophistes" d'Athénée (livre X, 448 b-459 c), dont nous proposons une édition critique et une traduction, et les énoncés conservés dans l'"Anthologie grecque" (livre XIV), que nous traduisons ; les spécimens recueillis par ces deux sources sont ensuite analysés par types. L'énigme apparaît ainsi comme un genre littéraire, comme un genre discursif et comme une catégorie de la réception. Dès l'Antiquité, le discours énigmatique offre une occasion de réflexivité sur les formes de la langue, de la communication et de la culture.
14

Poésie et pédagogie dans l'oeuvre d'Aratos de Soles / Poetry and pedagogy in Aratus of Soli’s work

Lorgeoux-Bouayad, Laetitia 21 June 2014 (has links)
Au-delà d’être un poème didactique, les Phénomènes d’Aratos sont un poème pédagogique qui unit étroitement le fond et la forme. On y trouve une conscience méthodique de la construction d’un savoir ; l’analyse du vocabulaire, pourtant issu de la poésie homérique, révèle une réflexion sur la transmission scientifique déjà définie comme un processus dynamique, à une époque où les écoles et leurs méthodes sont encore jeunes : percevoir, délimiter, nommer, et enfin assurer la conservation d’un objet de science. Cette idée de transmission prouve la préoccupation pédagogique d’Aratos, qu’il met en scène dans le poème à travers des figures de maîtres et d’élèves. Il s’y lit, notamment dans le mythe de l’Âge d’Or, une foi en la collaboration entre tous les vivants, fondée sur un respect qui tranche avec la dureté des poèmes didactiques archaïques. La pédagogie devient dans les Phénomènes un enjeu poétique : Aratos définit le poète comme un des membres de cette collaboration universelle, derrière laquelle il doit s’effacer, dans une éthique et une esthétique de l’anonymat qui remettent en question le kléos archaïque. La tradition poétique peut désormais être bousculée au nom de la transmission scientifique, et cette nouvelle conception n’est pas sans rappeler les récentes critiques opérées par Platon. Tout se passe comme si Aratos avait voulu relever le défi que Platon a lancé aux poètes de son temps : chanter le Dieu et sa création selon le Vrai ou le Vraisemblable, et devenir par son chant l’éducateur de la cité idéale. C’est probablement la réussite de cette gageure qui a assuré la gloire des Phénomènes dans les siècles où la philosophie de Platon a été suivie et admirée. / The Phaenomena by Aratus are not only a didactic, but also pedagogical poem, in which form and content are tightly bound. One may find in it a methodical conscience of how knowledge is built; the analysis of vocabulary, although taken from Homeric poetry, shows that scientific transmission is already understood as a dynamic process, in a time when schools and their proceedings were still young : to perceive an object of science, to delimitate it, to name it, and at last to guarantee his preservation. This idea of transmission proves that Aratus is concerned with pedagogy, which is illustrated in the poem through different figures of masters and pupils. We can observe, especially in the myth of the Golden Age, all his faith in the collaboration between all kinds of living being bound together by a respect that is really different from the harsh tone of archaic didactic poetry. In the Phaenomena, pedagogy becomes a poetic matter: Aratus defines the poet as a member of this universal collaboration, behind which he has to fade because of an ethic and an aesthetic of namelessness; so is the archaic kleos questioned. Poetic tradition can be shaken up in the name of scientific transmission, and this new conception may remind us of Plato’s recent criticism. Apparently, Aratus did want to take up Plato’s challenge to the poets of his time: to sing the God and his creation according to Truth or Verisimilitude, and to become the teacher of an ideal state, thanks to his song. In all likelihood, Aratus’fame came from the success of this wager, during all the centuries when Plato’s philosophy was followed and admired.

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