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[pt] A cidade obedece a uma lógica de estruturação que não é inclusiva e atenta às diversidades, fazendo com que mulheres não usufruam plenamente da vida urbana. E se mulheres, com vivências diversas, partindo de lugares diversos, pudessem projetar a cidade onde vivem, o que elas fariam? É a partir desta pergunta com potencial especulativo que esse trabalho se estrutura. Como é o imaginário de mulheres sobre a cidade do Rio de Janeiro? E o que mulheres pensam sobre Cidades Inteligentes?. Escrever sobre cidades é escrever também sobre design, pois o design molda mundos possíveis e, aparentemente, impossíveis com a sua dimensão especulativa. Neste trabalho que gira em torno da tríade design-cidade-gênero, além de ouvir mulheres e suas vivências, buscamos investigar como o debate de gênero é levado em consideração para pensar a construção de cidades mais igualitárias e acolhedoras. Trazemos à tona a relevância de se pensar design e gênero, ressaltando a importância de se pensar o design de forma crítica para sonhar mundos preferíveis. / [en] What if women, with different experiences, coming from different backgrounds, could design the city where they live, what would they do? This question filled with speculative potential is the core of this work. What is the women s imaginary about the city of Rio de Janeiro? And what do women think about Smart Cities? Writing about cities is also writing about design, because design shapes possible and apparently impossible worlds with its speculative dimension. In this work, which revolves around the design-city-gender triad, in addition to listening to women and their experiences, we seek to investigate how the gender debate is taken to consider the construction of more egalitarian and welcoming cities. We bring to light a concern with thinking about design and gender, highlighting the importance of thinking or designing critically in order to dream preferable worlds.

Increasing the number of processors has become the mainstream for the modern chip design approaches. However, most applications are designed or written for single core processors; so they do not benefit from the numerous underlying computation resources. Moreover, there exists a large base of legacy software which requires an immense effort and cost of rewriting and re-engineering to be made parallel. In the past decades, there has been a growing interest in automatic parallelization. This is to relieve programmers from the painful and error-prone manual parallelization process, and to cope with new architecture trend of multi-core and many-core CPUs. Automatic parallelization techniques vary in properties such as: the level of paraellism (e.g., instructions, loops, traces, tasks); the need for custom hardware support; using optimistic execution or relying on conservative decisions; online, offline or both; and the level of source code exposure. Transactional Memory (TM) has emerged as a powerful concurrency control abstraction. TM simplifies parallel programming to the level of coarse-grained locking while achieving fine-grained locking performance. This dissertation exploits TM as an optimistic execution approach for transforming a sequential application into parallel. The design and the implementation of two frameworks that support automatic parallelization: Lerna and HydraVM, are proposed, along with a number of algorithmic optimizations to make the parallelization effective. HydraVM is a virtual machine that automatically extracts parallelism from legacy sequential code (at the bytecode level) through a set of techniques including code profiling, data dependency analysis, and execution analysis. HydraVM is built by extending the Jikes RVM and modifying its baseline compiler. Correctness of the program is preserved through exploiting Software Transactional Memory (STM) to manage concurrent and out-of-order memory accesses. Our experiments show that HydraVM achieves speedup between 2×-5× on a set of benchmark applications. Lerna is a compiler framework that automatically and transparently detects and extracts parallelism from sequential code through a set of techniques including code profiling, instrumentation, and adaptive execution. Lerna is cross-platform and independent of the programming language. The parallel execution exploits memory transactions to manage concurrent and out-of-order memory accesses. This scheme makes Lerna very effective for sequential applications with data sharing. This thesis introduces the general conditions for embedding any transactional memory algorithm into Lerna. In addition, the ordered version of four state-of-art algorithms have been integrated and evaluated using multiple benchmarks including RSTM micro benchmarks, STAMP and PARSEC. Lerna showed great results with average 2.7× (and up to 18×) speedup over the original (sequential) code. While prior research shows that transactions must commit in order to preserve program semantics, placing the ordering enforces scalability constraints at large number of cores. In this dissertation, we eliminates the need for commit transactions sequentially without affecting program consistency. This is achieved by building a cooperation mechanism in which transactions can forward some changes safely. This approach eliminates some of the false conflicts and increases the concurrency level of the parallel application. This thesis proposes a set of commit order algorithms that follow the aforementioned approach. Interestingly, using the proposed commit-order algorithms the peak gain over the sequential non-instrumented execution in RSTM micro benchmarks is 10× and 16.5× in STAMP. Another main contribution is to enhance the concurrency and the performance of TM in general, and its usage for parallelization in particular, by extending TM primitives. The extended TM primitives extracts the embedded low level application semantics without affecting TM abstraction. Furthermore, as the proposed extensions capture common code patterns, it is possible to be handled automatically through the compilation process. In this work, that was done through modifying the GCC compiler to support our TM extensions. Results showed speedups of up to 4× on different applications including micro benchmarks and STAMP. Our final contribution is supporting the commit-order through Hardware Transactional Memory (HTM). HTM contention manager cannot be modified because it is implemented inside the hardware. Given such constraint, we exploit HTM to reduce the transactional execution overhead by proposing two novel commit order algorithms, and a hybrid reduced hardware algorithm. The use of HTM improves the performance by up to 20% speedup. / Ph. D.

Feminist self-defense is a form of victim prevention training with a plethora of positive physical, mental, and social outcomes. In Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) self-defense is still a relatively under-researched topic. As such, inspired by HCI’s recent interest in feminist causes and corporeal practices, the goal of the study is to explore how embodied interaction design can empower beginner self-defense practitioners. To do so, the study was conducted via two methods: semi-structured interviews with students and teachers, and a participatory speculative design workshop with novice practitioners. This resulted in several speculative design concepts based on the use of felt experiences as a design resource. The concepts demonstrate how design can be used as a vehicle for imagining feminist technology that challenges gender norms and plays the role of scaffolding for cultivating embodied empowerment.

Pet humanization leads to false analogies between animal and human needs. The animals are distorted into something they are not and treated accordingly, which leads to misunderstandings and mismanagement of animals. Compensating one's cat with cat toys as a result of guilt over insufficient interactive play is a case example. Compensation does not take into account the cat's attitude and perception of play as interactive play is irreplaceable for the cat's well-being. The study posed the question How can design create critical reflection of human relationships with cats in regard to feelings of guilt over cat ownership and compensation? With the aim of freeing consumption from the idea of the cat's welfare. The research question was answered with a design proposal consisting of an artifact that depicts a future alternative human-cat relationship. The artifact was produced through a design process based on speculative and multispecies design theory and method. Horizon scanning together with a literature search was used to create a credible future alternative human-cat relationship that highlights and reconciles species differences by emphasizing the cat as an animal. Somatic research and a survey was used to make interactions less rigid as a way to facilitate and support interactive play. Prototyping with a cat was used to ensure satisfactory interactive play was facilitated

As generative AI threatens creatives worldwide, this thesis applies Speculative Design through a Participatory Design process to speculate about the futures of AI in art by critically involving creatives. Conducting field research, interviews, and two co-design workshops, hosted at the Malmö City Library, the project resulted in an exhibition of four speculative scenarios in the form of short stories and AI-generated visualisations, sparking critical discourse and reflection about generative AI tools in art. The main insights from said discourse were that AI tools need to be investigated and critiqued through use by creatives, that designers working on AI tools have a responsibility to design for transparency, and that Speculative Design is the appropriate methodology to address AI in art, especially grounded in a Participatory Design process.

Waterworks typically refer to a system or facility for supplying, storing, and treating water. It encompasses the infrastructure and machinery used to collect, purify, and 
distribute water to homes, businesses, and other users. The term can also mean starting to cry, especially to gain sympathy or attention. Additionally, it can refer to the organs of the body through which urine is passed. The climate crisis presents significant challenges to water filtration. Extreme weather events can contaminate sources. Harmful algal blooms, saltwater intrusion and toxins further complicate filtration. We might have to rethink how we take clean tap water for granted. This home water filtration unit that via acoustics filters the water, reimagines our relationship to drinking water and the habits around it, and the new behaviors and rituals that would emerge from this new normal. / Waterworks avser vanligtvis ett system eller en anläggning för att tillhandahålla, lagra och behandla vatten. Det omfattar infrastrukturen och tekniken som används för att samla in, rena och distribuera vatten till hem, företag och andra användare. Termen kan också betyda att börja gråta, särskilt för att få sympati eller uppmärksamhet. Dessutom kan det referera till kroppens organ genom vilka urin passerar. Klimatkrisen innebär betydande utmaningar för vattenfiltrering. Extrema väderhändelser kan förorena dricksvattentäkter. Skadlig algblomning, saltvattenintrång och gifter försvårar filtreringen ytterligare. Vi kanske måste tänka om kring hur vi idag tar rent kranvatten för givet. Denna filtreringsenhet, som via akustik filtrerar vattnet, belyser vårt förhållande till dricksvatten och de nya beteenden och ritualer som skulle uppstå ur en ny klimatmässig normalsituation.

Side channels give attackers the opportunity to reveal private information without accessing it directly. In this study, several novel approaches are presented to mitigate cache side channel attacks including Spectre attack and its variants, resulting in several contributions. CHASM shows the information leakage in several new cache mapping schemes, where different cache address mappings may provide higher or lower protection against cache side channel attacks. GuardCache creates a noisy cache side-channel, making it more difficult for the attacker to determine if an access is a hit or miss (which is the basis for most side channel attacks). SecurityCloak is a framework that encompasses GuardCache with SafeLoadOnMiss whereby cache load misses during speculative execution are delayed until the speculation is resolved, thus preventing attacks that rely on accessing data in during (mis) speculated executions. To search for a compromise between security and performance, it is recommended not always to use protections such as SecurityCloak protections, but also to activate the protection only while executing critical sections of code or on-demand when an attack is detected (or suspected). Our experimental results show a high degree of obfuscation (and prevention of side channels) with a minimal impact on the performance.

[ES] Esta investigación tiene como objeto de estudio el diseño de estrategias pedagógicas para el diseño biomimético especulativo, sumándose a las alianzas transdisciplinarias de conocimiento que se están efectuando a nivel global entre la ciencia, el arte y el diseño. Estas estrategias académicas han sido diseñadas con la visión de adaptarse a este momento transicional de la sociedad en la era del del antropoceno. A lo largo de la investigación se reflexiona ante el reto que tenemos los profesores como formadores de diseñadores, y si al desarrollar una serie de estrategias pedagógicas que estimulen los procesos cognitivos a través de herramientas transdisciplinarias, permitiendo estimular el aprendizaje y el asombro hacia la tecnología análoga de la naturaleza, e impulsar las propuestas de diseño por medio de la visión del diseño especulativo, se lograría guiar al estudiante en su proceso creativo, para dar respuestas de diseño acordes al contexto actual transicional de la sociedad, rompiendo las barreras del pragmatismo. Se pretende también alimentar la investigación en torno a las estrategias de pedagogía del diseño biomimético especulativo, permitiendo sumar al cúmulo de didácticas disponibles para los académicos y todas las personas encargadas de la entrega del conocimiento. Se plantean como preguntas de investigación: ¿los estudiantes serán capaces de hacer la transferencia del conocimiento aprendido de organismos naturales para dar respuesta a un reto de diseño?, ¿qué herramientas pedagógicas se necesitan para lograrlo?, ¿a través de qué mecanismos sería posible sensibilizar a los estudiantes de su rol?, ¿por medio de qué estrategias didácticas se podría estimular la curiosidad de los estudiantes hacia el mundo natural como mecanismo de entendimiento y aprendizaje?, ¿a través de qué enfoques se podría potencializar al diseño como herramienta para dar respuestas a los retos actuales y del futuro?, ¿por medio de qué herramientas pedagógicas se puede lograr que los estudiantes se posicionen para desarrollar propuestas de diseño de valor? Para dar respuesta a ellas se han definido tres principios básicos que permiten plantear un trayecto para alcanzar el objetivo y a la vez forman la filosofía de enseñanza: a) la multidisciplina e interdisciplina, b) el enfoque biocéntrico y c) el diseño especulativo. Se realiza una investigación-acción enfocada en casos de estudio dentro del ámbito de la Universidad de Monterrey, en México, y es desarrollada en tres fases. En cada fase se diseña y se ponen a prueba durante 5 años una serie de estrategias pedagógicas, que se van alimentando a sí mismas para establecer el rediseño del siguiente modelo, generando 3 modelos, para finalmente plantear como resultado de la investigación una serie de estrategias pedagógicas finales (Modelo final). Para la validación de la información y de los resultados se ha utilizadola heurística, el sistema cruzado entre los datos recogidos por diversos mecanismos durante el desarrollo e implementación de las estrategias y, posteriormente, por medio de la evaluación realizada por expertos de los resultados proyectuales y la observación persistente de la autora de esta investigación. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan una evolución consecuente según se realiza el diseño y replanteo de los modelos 1, 2 y 3, estableciéndose que cada modelo va demostrando resoluciones cada vez más cercanas a los parámetros deseables de los resultados proyectuales. Se confía en haber contribuido a la investigación académica para la pedagogía con enfoque en sustentabilidad, en particular para el diseño biomimético y en la resolución de futuros. / [CA] Aquesta investigació té com a objecte d'estudi el disseny d'estratègies pedagògiques per al disseny biomimètic especulatiu, afegint-se a les aliances transdisciplinàries de coneixement que s'estan efectuant a nivell global entre la ciència, l'art i el disseny. Aquestes estratègies acadèmiques han estat dissenyades amb la visió d'adaptar-se a aquest moment transicional de la societat a l'era del de l'antropocè. Al llarg de la investigació es reflexiona davant el repte que tenim els professors com a formadors de dissenyadors, i si en desenvolupar una sèrie d'estratègies pedagògiques que estimulin els processos cognitius a través d'eines transdiscplinàries, permetent estimular l'aprenentatge i la sorpresa cap a la tecnologia anàloga de la natura, i impulsar les propostes de disseny per mitjà de la visió del disseny especulatiu, s'aconseguiria guiar l'estudiant en el procés creatiu, per donar respostes de disseny d'acord amb el context actual transicional de la societat, trencant les barreres del pragmatisme. Es pretén també alimentar la investigació al voltant de les estratègies de pedagogia del disseny biomimètic especulatiu, permetent sumar al cúmul de didàctiques disponibles per als acadèmics i totes les persones encarregades del lliurament del coneixement. Es plantegen com a preguntes de recerca: els estudiants seran capaços de fer la transferència del coneixement après d'organismes naturals per donar resposta a un repte de disseny?, quines eines pedagògiques es necessiten per aconseguir-ho?, a través de quins mecanismes seria possible sensibilitzar els estudiants del seu rol?, per mitjà de quines estratègies didàctiques es podria estimular la curiositat dels estudiants cap al món natural com a mecanisme d'enteniment i aprenentatge?, a través de quins enfocaments es podria potencialitzar al disseny com a eina per donar respostes als reptes actuals i del futur? Per mitjà de quines eines pedagògiques es pot aconseguir que els estudiants es posicionin per desenvolupar propostes de disseny de valor? Per donar-hi resposta s'han definit tres principis bàsics que permeten plantejar un trajecte per assolir l'objectiu i alhora formen la filosofia d'ensenyament: a) la multidisciplina i interdisciplina, b) l'enfocament biocèntric i c) el disseny especulatiu. Es realitza una investigació-acció enfocada en casos d'estudi dins l'àmbit de la Universitat de Monterrey, a Mèxic, i es desenvolupa en tres fases. A cada fase es dissenya i es posen a prova durant 5 anys una sèrie d'estratègies pedagògiques, que es van alimentant a si mateixes per establir el redisseny del model següent, generant 3 models, per finalment plantejar com a resultat de la investigació una sèrie d'estratègies pedagògiques finals (Model final). Per a la validació de la informació i dels resultats s'ha utilitzat l'heurística, el sistema creuat entre les dades recollides per diversos mecanismes durant el desenvolupament i la implementació de les estratègies i, posteriorment, per mitjà de l'avaluació realitzada per experts dels resultats projectuals i l'observació persistent de l'autora d'aquesta investigació. Els resultats obtinguts reflecteixen una evolució conseqüent segons es realitza el disseny i replanteig dels models 1, 2 i 3, establint-se que cada model va demostrant resolucions cada cop més properes als paràmetres desitjables dels resultats projectuals. Es confia haver contribuït a la investigació acadèmica per a la pedagogia amb enfocament en sustentabilitat, en particular per al disseny biomimètic i en la resolució de futurs. / [EN] This research has as its object of study the design of pedagogical strategies for speculative biomimetic design, adding to the transdisciplinary knowledge alliances the Estrategias pedagógicas adaptativas:Un enfoque en el diseño biomimético especulativo.at are taking place globally between science, art and design. These academic strategies have been designed with the vision of adapting to this transitional moment of society in the era of the Anthropocene. Throughout the research, we reflect on the challenge that teachers have as trainers of designers, and if by developing a series of pedagogical strategies that stimulate cognitive processes through transdisciplinary tools, allowing to stimulate learning and wonder towards technology. analogous to nature, and promoting design proposals through the vision of speculative design, it would be possible to guide the student in his creative process, to give design responses in accordance with the current transitional context of society, breaking the barriers of pragmatism. It is also intended to feed the research around the pedagogy strategies of the speculative biomimetic design, allowing to add to the accumulation of didactics available for academics and all the people in charge of the delivery of knowledge. They are posed as research questions: will students be able to transfer the knowledge learned from natural organisms to respond to a design challenge? What pedagogical tools are needed to achieve it? Through what mechanisms would it be possible? Make students aware of their role? Through what didactic strategies could students' curiosity towards the natural world be stimulated as a mechanism for understanding and learning? Through what approaches could design be potentiated as a tool for Give answers to current and future challenges? By means of what pedagogical tools can students be positioned to develop value design proposals? In order to respond to them, three basic principles have been defined that allow us to propose a path to achieve the objective and at the same time form the teaching philosophy: a) multidiscipline and interdiscipline, b) the biocentric approach and c) speculative design. An action-research focused on case studies is carried out within the scope of the University of Monterrey, in Mexico, and is developed in three phases. In each phase, a series of pedagogical strategies are designed and tested for 5 years, which feed themselves to establish the redesign of the following model, generating 3 models, to finally propose a series of strategies as a result of the investigation. final pedagogical (Final Model). For the validation of the information and the results, heuristics have been used, the crossed system between the data collected by various mechanisms during the development and implementation of the strategies and, later, through the evaluation carried out by experts of the project results and the persistent observation of the author of this investigation. The results obtained reflect a consistent evolution as the design and reconsideration of models 1, 2 and 3 is carried out, establishing that each model demonstrates resolutions that are closer and closer to the desirable parameters of the project results. It is hoped to have contributed to academic research for pedagogy with a focus on sustainability, in particular for biomimetic design and futures resolution. / Chi Muñoz, K. (2023). Estrategias pedagógicas adaptativas. Un enfoque en el diseño biomimético especulativo [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/195435