The topic of my master thesis is monitoring of carbohydrate intake in sportsmen's diet. In the thesis, intake of carbohydrates as well as other macronutrients is monitored in order to evaluate, if athletes prefer other energy sources to carbohydrates and if their total energy intake is sufficient. If athletes prefer easily digestible carbohydrates or if they follow recommendation for healthy diet and increase their intake of whole foods, legumes, fruits and vegetables can be evaluated by monitoring fiber and sugar intake. All the monitored data are compared with non-athletes in order to see, in which field their diets vary. In the theoretical part, principles of sports nutrition are defined, basics of population recommendations are mentioned and methods of nutritional assessment and energy expenditure estimation are explained. In the practical part, five-day food-diaries of athletes and non-athletes are evaluated by NutriPro Expert software. Five-day physical activity diaries recorded during the same days are evaluated by using the Compendium of Physical Activities. All the studied values (energy intake, energy expenditure, carbohydrate, fat, protein, sugar, fiber and alcohol intake) were compared to recommended values for athletes and non- athletes and further compared among these two groups. The...

The economics of football has seen considerable changes over the last two decades. The total revenue for clubs in the top European leagues has risen dramatically, mostly due to bigger sponsor deals and more TV-income. This has made the world of football a giant industry where business strategy tends to play a bigger part. The majority of the research on the field has been devoted to how the sport performances of a football club affect the revenue of the club, but less attention has been paid to what impact the overall economics have on the clubs future success on the pitch. This paper aims to examine the link between economic ratios and the short- and long-term sport performance in the top tiers of Swedish football, by using a dataset of 31 clubs over the period 2000-2016. The results show that the total asset together with the ratio between wages and total income, could explain sport performance one year later with an R2 of 44 % in a multiple regression. The result also indicates that this may be explained by the total amount of wages a club is able to pay. Findings are presented along with a discussion on how the governing bodies of football could consider how regulation is communicated to the clubs.

The economics of football during the last decades has gone through a dramatic transformation. The most considerable change for both European and Swedish football clubs, is the ongoing increase of total revenues. Despite increasing revenues, several clubs experience financial problems and difficulties. This has led to a point where clubs require a proper business strategy with economics playing a big part. The previous research on the field has been dedicated to the link between sport performance and economics, but above all on English and Spanish football clubs. The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the impact of a potential correlation between sport performance and club economy. Different economic variables were examined during the period of 2010-2016 in Swedish elite league for men, Allsvenskan. In the study, the results show a link between club economy and sport performances, which previous studies have already proved. Player salaries measured highest among the examined variables, although none showed a strong correlation.

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Title: Design of test set for long-term monitoring of top-level karate karate athletes. Objectives: The aim of this work is to design the test set for long-term monitoring of the top-level karate athletes. Methods: A total of 26 probands (10 women and 16 men) aged 18-26 years were included in the research. Everyone has practiced karate for at least 2 years and they are holders of a minimal green belt. A total of 10 motor tests were included in the designed test set. Selected 7 tests from this test set were tested by the test-retest method. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to determine reliability and objectivity. Results: Modified Bass test (rrel=0,83, robj=0,94), repeated punches and blocks gedanbarai + choku cuki (rrel=0,82, robj=0,95), repeated mawashigeri kicks (rrel=0,93, robj=0,97), shuttle run 30x10 m (rrel=0,83), straight two arms medicine ball throw from heiko dachi stance (rrel=0,91), knee to wall touch (rrel=0,97), height of jokogeri kick (rrel=0,97). Keywords: karate, kata, the structure of sport performance, testing, test set

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Effects of a custom bite-aligning mouthguard on performance in college football players. J Strength Cond Res 30(5): 1409-1415, 2016 - Besides injury prevention, mouthguards can also be employed to improve physical performance. The effects of personalization of mouthguards have rarely been investigated. This 3-armed, randomized, controlled crossover trial investigated the difference of wearing (a) personalized or custom-made (CM, e.g., bite-aligned), (b) standard (BB, boil and bite), and (c) no (CON) mouthguards on general fitness parameters in experienced collegiate football players. A group of 10 upperclassmen (age, 19-22 years; mean ± SD: age 20.7 ± 0.8 years; body mass 83 ± 7.4 kg; height 179.1 ± 5.2 cm; body mass index 25.9 ± 2.2 kg·cm -2), National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II football players with at least 2 years of playing experience, were randomly assigned to the 3 mouthguard conditions: a randomized, within-subjects repeated-measures design was applied. All participants were randomly tested on strength and endurance performance Vo 2 max testing, with Bruce treadmill protocol including (a) time to fatigue, (b) blood lactate concentration in millimoles per liter at stage 2 and (c) at peak fatigue, (d) flexibility, (e) reaction time, (f) squat vertical jump, (g) countermovement vertical jump, and (h) 1 repetition maximum bench press. Repeated-measures analysis of variance showed no significant differences between the 3 conditions for each outcome variable (0.23 < p < 0.94; 0.007 < < 0.15). These data indicate that CM mouthguards did not superiorly affect general fitness parameters compared with BB and CON. In turn, protective BB or CM mouthpieces did not appear to impair general fitness performance vs. CON. The recommendation of a custom bite-aligning mouthguards for performance enhancement in young Division II football players is questioned. Further studies with larger sample sizes, gender comparison, and (sport) discipline-specific performance testing are needed.

Introduction: Motor tests in figure skating for children to determine the level of fitness and coordination skills. It contains a selection of individual movement tasks and their justification. Aims: Analysis of assumptions and prediction of fitness assumptions for figure skating in children. Assembly of a battery of field motor tests, evaluating general and specific readiness for figure skaters. Another goal is to prove whether there is a relationship between current sports performance and the analysis of assumptions for figure skating at the age of 10-12 years. Methods: quantitative and qualitative analysis of motor skills, method of questioning, examples, observation, testing and evaluation. Results: The relationship between sports performance and analysis of assumptions was not fully confirmed. All initial assumptions were not confirmed and the work allows a more accurate focus of subsequent research. Conclusion: The set goals were achieved. Author: Jaroslava Bartošková Title: Motor tests in figure skating for childern Objectives: Analysis of assumptions and prediction of fitness assumptions for figure skating in children. Keywords: condition, coordination, figure skating, sport performance, test battery