Introduction. Asymmetric body posture lately is more and more often diagnosed among adolescents in Lithuania also in other countries. In this stage of development, the posture undergoes many adjustments and adaptations due to changes of the body and to demanding psychosocial factors. Consequences of this widely spreading health disorder are very important as for physical health and so for social and mental wellbeing. Asymmetric body posture is considered not only one of the most common adolescents’ musculoskeletal system disorders (Juškelienė, 1996; Lindišienė, 1999; McEvoy, 2005) but also one of the possible signs or reasons of scoliosis (Nissinen et al., 1993; Hazebroek et al, 1992). Posture asymmetry may influence reduced musculoskeletal system functioning. It was established negative influence of asymmetric posture on cardiovascular system’s function (Sucato, 2003), pulmonary function (Lin, 2001), urogenital system’s function (Mohanty, 2000), nervous system’s functioning (Wiggins, 2003). Also children with posture disorders more often have insecurity and inferiority feelings (Saccomani, 1998), and more often suffer from depression and anxiety episodes (Norris, 1992). The normal development of spine curvatures depends on the interaction between heritable growth factors and the mechanical environment in which the spine grows. Sedentary life style among schoolchildren decreases their physical and social wellbeing. The research works emphasize, that proper physical activity... [to full text]

Professional sport and its legislation I choose this topic for its currency and for in my opinion ignored need of solving problems mentioned in the thesis. In scope of this thesis I tried not only to assess legal status of individual and collective professional sportsmen or in other words of performance of their activity on professional level, but I also tried to solve chosen problematic points resulting from the confrontation of professional sport activity and strict provisions of Czech law (in particular Labour Code), by which the performance of sport activity and related legal relations are governed. Thesis is systematically divided into four chapters besides the introduction and conclusion which contains other subchapters. These subchapters specify topics contained in chapters. First chapter is the introduction to the topic devoted to reciprocal relation of sport and law. In this chapter I deal with the term "sport" and its possible definition from the law point of view and its basic organization and division in general. There is also one subchapter dedicated to act on support of sport. In second chapter I deal with the performance of sport activity by individual professional sportsman in detail and with two possible options of its inclusion into law. New Civil Code is also reflected here....

Name: Sports in leisure of Dobříš town citizens Goals: The main objective of this thesis is to find out what is the role of sport in leisure activities of citizens of Dobříš. The second goal is to obtain information about which means are used to support sports activities of citizens by city leaders. Methods: In my work, I use methods of empirical social research. I chose a quantitative method of questionnaire survey and qualitative semi-structured interview method because I'm interested in people's as well as the mayor's opinion. Results: The local sports situation has been assessed and analyzed. Thanks to the questionnaire survey, citizens' views on the issues of sports possibilities in Dobříš, their attitude and participation in sport were identified. The data are interpreted and displayed in tables and graphs in a result section, as well as an interview with the mayor. Key words: offer of sport activities, pasive and active sport participation, social froups, town sport policy

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T20:31:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PAULANATALI.pdf: 10266545 bytes, checksum: ab7696fa1b9fba45cc5fe1dff2346c98 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-17 / Fundação Araucária de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Paraná / This study has as aim to investigate the subjacent concepts to the speeches of the subjects involved in the process of the Non-Formal Education in the city of Maringa, having as the main spot ludic and sport activities. The main questions which guided this study consider reflections about the assistance directed to children and teenagers in a vulnerable situation in Maringá, the analysis of the configurations of the Non-Formal Education scenario in the Brazilian Education and the factors which define the educational practices in institutions in the Third Sector. It was analyzed two philanthropic and social institutions in Maringa. The study is characterized by being a qualitative and multi-referential. The theoretical reference is composed by authors of the Popular Education, Non-Formal Education and critics of the Third Sector. The methodological procedures applied were: semi-structured interviews and focal groups. In order to understand the policy considering the assistance to children and teenagers interviews were performed with the members of the Municipal Committee of Children and Teenagers Rights – MCCTR and with employees of the Secretariat of Social Assistance and Citizenship – SSAC. To understand the effectiveness of these policy and the educational practices of the institutions, it was performed interviews with the social tutors, coordinators of the supplementary activities outside class time and also the assembling of focal groups with teenagers from the institutions. The main considerations about this study are: the SSAC establishes, most of the times, a relation with the institutions of supplementary activities outside class time of the bureaucratic and distant city. The MCCTR is characterized as a structure that seeks the democratic acting, but ends up being limited to projects, reports, few visits and verifies the denunciations. In relation to the social educators it is understood that they need to build up the educative action as a group, to reflect about the performed studies and reflect in order to discuss the aims and projects of the institutions of supplementary activities outside class time in which they work, to mediate the institutional proposals of the popular classes and the social policy. In relation to the teenagers, it is verified that they are from popular classes with a very low scholar output and who consider the institutions of supplementary activities outside class time that they participate a cozy space and an opportunity of being inserted into the work market and the ludic and sport activities represent a leisure and compensating time due to the routine that they have. In this way it was possible to highlight the urgent necessity of reflections about the public policy and educative actions formed in the partnerships established with the Third Sector and the State in order to the social inclusion of the children and teenagers in a vulnerable situation. / Este estudo tem por objetivo investigar conceitos subjacentes às falas dos sujeitos envolvidos no processo da Educação Não-Formal na cidade de Maringá, tendo como foco principal as atividades lúdicas e esportivas. As questões que nortearam o trabalho estão voltadas para as reflexões sobre a política de atendimento às crianças e adolescentes em situação de vulnerabilidade social em Maringá, a análise das configurações do cenário da Educação Não-Formal na educação brasileira e dos determinantes que definem as práticas educativas em instituições do Terceiro Setor. Foram analisadas duas instituições de cunho filantrópico e social da cidade de Maringá. O estudo caracteriza-se por ser uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho multirreferencial. O referencial teórico é composto por autores da Educação Popular, da Educação Não- Formal e críticos do Terceiro Setor. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram: entrevistas semi-estruturadas e grupos focais. Para compreender a política de atendimento às crianças e adolescentes, foram realizadas entrevistas com os membros do Conselho Municipal de Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente – CMDCA e com funcionárias da Secretaria de Assistência Social e Cidadania – SASC. Para entender a efetivação dessas políticas e as práticas educativas das instituições, foram realizadas entrevistas com os educadores sociais, coordenadores das instituições de contra turno social e realizados grupos focais com adolescentes institucionalizados. As principais considerações sobre este estudo são que: a SASC estabelece na maioria das vezes uma relação com as instituições de contra turno social da cidade burocrática e distante. O CMDCA se configura como uma estrutura que busca adentrar na atuação democrática, mas que acaba se limitando a projetos, relatórios, visitas esporádicas e apuração de denúncias. Em relação aos educadores sociais compreendemos que estes precisam construir coletivamente a ação educativa, refletir sobre os trabalhos realizados e discutir os objetivos e projetos das instituições de contra turno social em que atuam, fazer as mediações entre as propostas institucionais, a realidade das classes populares e as políticas sociais. Quanto aos adolescentes, o que se verifica é que são provenientes de classes populares, têm um rendimento escolar muito baixo, consideram a instituição de contra turno social que freqüentam um espaço acolhedor e uma oportunidade de serem inseridos no mercado de trabalho e que as atividades lúdicas e esportivas representam um momento de descanso e de compensação diante da rotina imposta a eles. Sendo assim, foi possível evidenciar a urgente necessidade de reflexões sobre as políticas públicas e as ações educativas formadas nas parcerias estabelecidas entre o Terceiro Setor e o Estado no sentido de inclusão social das crianças e adolescentes em situação de vulnerabilidade social.

L’Association des Paralysés de France (APF), fondée en 1933, se présente à la fois comme organisation gestionnaire d’établissements et de services médicosociaux, et comme organisation représentative de « personnes en situation de handicap ». Oscillant entre « auto-organisation » et « organisation pour autrui » (Laville & Sainsaulieu, 2013), l’APF cherche à développer un « modèle participatif » (Ebersold, 2002) en impliquant ses adhérents et usagers dans les décisions individuelles et collectives.C’est dans ce contexte que la direction nationale de l’APF a pris la décision en 2013 de recruter un doctorant en convention industrielle de formation par la recherche (CIFRE) pour travailler spécifiquement sur l’organisation des activités physiques et sportives (APS). Pourtant, la demande sportive étant rarement formulée par les adhérents et usagers, il s’avère difficile d’envisager l’organisation des APS dans une forme de co-construction. La question centrale de cette recherche est alors de mieux comprendre la place donnée ou prise par les adhérents et usagers de l’APF dans les décisions concernant l’organisation des APS.À travers une observation participante au siège national, une immersion prolongée dans 10 « structures APF », 49 entretiens qualitatifs (23 salariés ou bénévoles, 26 adhérents ou usagers) et une recherche documentaire, nous avons adopté une démarche compréhensive visant à appréhender les représentations et croyances des différents acteurs, ainsi que leurs interactions.La participation sportive apparaît au final comme un révélateur des difficultés, pour les salariés et bénévoles de l’association comme pour ses adhérents et usagers, à passer d’un modèle de prise en charge à un modèle (re)donnant le pouvoir aux personnes ayant des incapacités (Oliver, 1987, Morris, 1997, 2001). / The French Association of the Paralyzed (FAP), which was created in 1933, is both an administrator for social and health establishments and services and a representative organization of “disabled people”. Fluctuating between a “self-organization” and an “organization for others” (Laville & Sainsaulieu, 2013), the FPA is attempting to develop a “participatory model” (Ebersold, 2002) by involving its members and users in individual and collective decisions.In this context, the National Directorate of FPA decided to recruit a PhD student to carry out research specifically concerning the question of physical and sports activities. However, since sports demand is infrequent among members and users, it is difficult to consider the organization of physical activities from a co-construction perspective. The central issue is then to better understand the position which is either given or taken by the members and users of the FPA in the decision-making process in terms of physical and sport activities.Through a participant observation at the headquarters of the association, plus monographic studies of 10 FPA’s units, 49 in-depth interviews (23 employees or volunteers, and 26 members or users) and a documentary research, we adopted a comprehensive approach. Its aim was to grasp the beliefs and social representations of these actors, as well as their interactions.Finally, sport participation in the association seems to expose the difficulties for the employees or volunteers and for the members and users to move from the “model of care” to the “model of empowerment” (Oliver, 1990 ; Morris, 1997, 2001).

L'estudi de les formes d'organització de l'activitat conjunta en l'ensenyament de la col·laboració tàctica en els esports col·lectius en l'àmbit escolar mostra com a punts de referència teòrica, per un costat aportacions provinents de la psicologia de la instrucció, i per un altre costat aportacions provinents de la didàctica de l' ensenyament de l' educació física i l' esport. Pel que fa al camp de la psicologia, cal situar l'estudi de l'activitat conjunta en una perspectiva constructivista dels processos d'ensenyament i aprenentatge. Aquesta pren com a referents Piaget, Ausubel, ... i molt especialment les aportacions fetes des de la teoria sociohistòrica i cultural per Vigotsky i també per Bruner. Així, conceptes com "mediació semiòtica", "internalització", "intersubjectivitat" i "zona de desenvolupament pròxim" tenen un paper molt rellevant. El que ens interessa en aquest treball és saber com s'ho fan el professor i els alumnes per aconseguir que aquests últims construeixin el seu propi coneixement al voltant del contingut proposat. En aquest sentit les idees de Vigotsky, així com la metàfora de "la bastida" de Bruner, són d'una gran importància. Des del camp de l'ensenyament dels esports col·lectius han pres com a referència bàsica el model d'ensenyament a partir de la tàctica provinent dels treballs de Bunker i Thorpe sobre l'ensenyament "per a la comprensió dels esports col·lectius". Així mateix ens hem guiat per aportacions d'autors com Bayer, Castejón, Riera o DevÍs. Pel que fa al camp de la didàctica, les recerques de Pieron han tingut una influència considerable. Es proposa l'estudi del procés d'ensenyament i aprenentatge esportiu des de l'anàlisi de la "interacció educativa" i de la "influència pedagògica", i molt especialment des de la "interactivitat". En aquest marc destaquen els "mecanismes d'influència educativa", que operen en l'àmbit de la interactivitat i que permeten comprendre com el professor ajusta l'ajuda per afavorir la construcció de coneixement dels alumnes. El nostre treball estudia un dels dos mecanismes descrits pels treballs de Coll i els seus col·laboradors de la Universitat de Barcelona i també corroborats pels treballs dirigits per Vila (Universitat de Girona). En concret, el treball se centra en l'anàlisi del procés de cessió i traspàs de la responsabilitat i del control de l' aprenentatge del professor envers els alumnes. Per això s'empren els nivells i les unitats d'anàlisi proposades per aquests treballs: la seqüència didàctica, la sessió, els segments d'interactivitat i les configuracions de segments d'interactivitat. Així mateix, s'incorpora l'anàlisi de les característiques del contingut, tant pel que fa a la tipologia de les tasques com pel que fa als criteris d' organització i seqüenciació. Es manté la idea que l'organització de l'activitat conjunta entre el professor i els alumnes esta fortament influenciada per les característiques del contingut. Per dur a terme el treball s'ha realitzat una seqüència didàctica de 4 sessions amb 10 alumnes de segon cicle d'ensenyament primari de l' escola "Annexa-Joan Puigbert" de la ciutat de Girona. S'ha enregistrat amb vídeo i amb micròfons sense fils tot el que deien i feien tant el professor com els alumnes durant la seqüència d'ensenyament. Posteriorment s'han transcrit les dades a un "full de transcripció" . Hem analitzat les característiques de la seqüència, de les sessions i del contingut: número de tasques, tipus de tasques, elements que intervenen en les tasques, etc., així com la millora en el comportament tàctic dels alumnes. Igualment s'ha analitzat l'activitat conjunta mitjançant segments d'interactivitat i configuracions de segments d'interactivitat. S'ha estudiat l'evolució dels diferents segments, tant en quantitat com en temps emprat durant la seqüència. I també l'evolució de l'activitat conjunta en diferents tipus de tasques: tasques repetides, tasques-base i les respectives modificacions, etc. Això ens ha permès veure el paper del contingut en l'organització de l' activitat conjunta. Les dades obtingudes permeten corroborar les hipòtesis plantejades en el treball i que tenen a veure amb que: 1. És possible obtenir indicadors sobre el procés de cessió i traspàs del control i de la responsabilitat en una situació d'ensenyament i aprenentatge de la col·laboració tàctica en atac en la iniciació als esports col·lectius. Aquest procés és temporal, gradual i discontinu i no es produeix ni de forma absoluta ni definitiva. 2. És necessari considerar aquest mecanisme en relació amb un segon mecanisme descrit: la construcció d'un sistema cada vegada més ampli i més ric de significats compartits entre el professor i els alumnes al voltant del contingut. Ambdós mecanismes estan interrelacionats i són irreductibles tot i que és possible estudiar-los focalitzant l'atenció en un d'ells. 3. Es constata el paper fonamental del contingut, tant la tipologia com els criteris d'organització i seqüenciació, en l'organització de l'activitat conjunta. Dels resultats obtinguts se'n desprenen algunes conclusions finals que van referides, d'una banda a aspectes d'interès per a futures recerques en aquest camp, i d'altra banda, a aspectes d'interès per a les pràctiques educatives. / The study of collaborative activity (joint activity) in the teaching of term sports (games) in schools takes as points of departure contributions of instructional psychology, on the one hand, and contributions of methodology of physical and sports education on the other. From psychology we have focused on constructivist perspectives, especially on contributions made by Vigotsky and Bruner (zone of proximal development and the metaphor of scaffolding). We propose the study of the process of teaching and learning sports from the analysis of 'interactional education' and especially from 'interactivity'. We highlight the 'mechanisms of educational influence' which operate in this ambit and which allow to understand how teachers adjust the help they give to students to enhance the construction of knowledge. We have studied one of these mechanisms: the process of cession and transfer of responsibility of the control and of the learning, following the theoretical and epistemological models proposed by Coll et al (1992, 1995) and also by Vila (1996, 1998). From the teaching of term sports, we have taken as a point of departure the teaching model based on tactics (Bunker&Thorpe, 1982; Castejón, 1997; Devís, 1996). We have developed a didactic sequence of four sessions with ten students and we have obtained data of what the participants say and do in the sequence. The research is interpretative and uses the participants' observation as a technique. As units of analysis we have used the didactic sequence, the session, the segments of interactivity and the configurations of interactivity segments together with the analysis of the tasks and the sequencing of content. The data obtained have permitted to corroborate the following hypothesis: a) It is possible to obtain indicators about the process of cession and transfer in a teaching situation about tactic collaboration in initiation to sports. This process is gradual and discontinuous and does not occur in an absolute and definitive way. b) We need to relate this mechanism in relation to a second one: the construction of a system of meanings shared between the teacher and the students. c) We can verify the fundamental role of typology and the criteria of organisation and the sequencing of content in the organisation of the collaborative activity.

Darbo tyrimų objektas – neįgalių moksleivių, konfliktų sprendimo strategijos, sportinės veiklos motyvacija ir sav��s vertinimas. Tyrimo mokslinė problema - atskleisti skirtingą negalę turinčių asmenų konfliktų sprendimo strategijų, sportinės veiklos motyvų pasirinkimą ir savęs vertinimo lygį. Tyrimo tikslas – šiame darbe tiriame skirtingą negalią turinčių jaunuolių (silpnaregių, aklųjų, fiziškai neįgaliųjų ir su cerebriniu paralyžiumi) gebėjimo spręsti konfliktus, motyvaciją dalyvauti sportinėje veikloje ir jų savęs vertinimo ypatumus. Mūsų darbo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti skirtingą negalę turinčių jaunuolių, konflikto sprendimo strategijų, sportinės veiklos motyvų ir savęs vertinimo lygio raiškos ypatumus. 2. Ištirti skirtingo fizinio aktyvumo jaunuolių, konflikto sprendimo strategijų, sportinės veiklos motyvų ir savęs vertinimo lygio raiškos ypatumus. 3. Nustatyti sąsajas tarp konflikto sprendimo strategijų, sportinės veiklos motyvų ir savęs vertinimo lygio. Hipotezės: 1. Keliame prielaidą, kad negalės rūšis turi ryšį su neįgalių 15 – 20 metų jaunuolių konfliktų sprendimu, sportinės veiklos motyvų pasirinkimu ir savęs vertinimu. 2. Keliame prielaidą, kad fizinis aktyvumas turi ryšį su neįgalių 15 – 20 metų jaunuolių konfliktų sprendimu, sportinės veiklos motyvų pasirinkimu ir savęs vertinimu. Išvados: 1. Tiriant skirtingą negalią turinčių neįgalių jaunuolių, konflikto sprendimo strategijų, sportinės veiklos motyvų ir savęs vertinimo lygio... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Object of the research – conflicts solution strategies, sport activity motivation and the self-confidence of disabled leaners. Scientific problem of research - work scientific problem researches that reveal the self-confidence level of people having different disabilities, the choice of sport activity reasons and ability to solve conflicts. Research goal – young people‘s, having different disabilities (the weak-eyed, the blind, phisically disabled and having cerebral palsy), motivation to take part in sport activities and their peculiarities of self-confidence, and capability to solve conflicts were researched in this work. Objectives of the research: 1. To establish the peculiarities of young people having different disabilities, conflict solution strategies, sport activity motives and the level of self-confidence expression. 2. To research the peculiarities of young people having different phisical activity, conflict sollution strategies, sport activity motives and self-confidence level expression. 3. To establish whether there is a statistically reliable connection among conflict solution strategies, sport activity reasons and self-confidence. Hypotheses: 1. We are raising an assumption that the kind of disability influences motives‘ choice of self-confidence level, conflict sollution strategies and sport activity of 15-20 years old disabled young people. 2. We are raising an assumption that thysical activity influences motives‘ choice of self-confidence level... [to full text]

The diploma thesis deals with the issue of sport and doing sports as a high-quality content of free time. The first part of the work characterises terms such as free time, doing sport in free time (recreation sport). It is focused on the influence of spending free time actively and on the effect of sports on the lifestyle of the individual and his life. The second part deals with the term offer of the sport activities, it characterises the particular subjects working in the area of free time in town Jičín and it tries to chart offers of the free time sport activities which are created by these subjects. The third part focuses on media and its function in society, the term advertisement, it also follows up the use of media by the particular subjects which make the offer of the free time sport activities.

El turismo deportivo cobra gran relevancia como actividad social, ya que tanto el turismo como el deporte son actividades de ocio capaces de movilizar personas y desarrollar la economía. Sin embargo, la comprensión crítica del turismo deportivo es limitada. En esa línea, el objetivo general de esta investigación fue determinar los impactos del turismo deportivo en un destino y las medidas para su manejo sostenible. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se aplicó la metodología de investigación de revisión literaria bajo el enfoque integrador que permitió sintetizar la información de diferentes disciplinas y perspectivas sobre el turismo deportivo y sus impactos. Es así que se descubrió que el turismo deportivo genera más impactos positivos que negativos; sin embargo, esto dependerá del destino y su planificación estratégica. Además, las medidas para desarrollar el turismo deportivo con un enfoque sostenible se dividen en pre-activas, activas y post-activas, siendo las primeras las más numerosas. Finalmente, se encontró un vacío teórico sobre las medidas para desarrollar un turismo deportivo sostenible, ya que las fuentes sobre el tema son escasas por lo que se recomienda investigar sobre el tema. / Sport tourism has great relevance as a social activity because both tourism and sport are recreational activities capable of mobilizing people and developing the economy. However, a critical understanding of sport tourism is limited. Hence, the general objective of this research is to determine the impacts of sport tourism in a destination and the measures for its sustainable management. For the development of this research the literature review methodology with an integrative approach is applied to synthesize information from different disciplines and perspectives about sport tourism and its impacts. In this way, it was discovered that sport tourism generates more positive impacts than negative; however, this depends on the destination and its strategic planning. Moreover, the measures for developing a sustainable sport tourism activity are divided in pre-active, active and post-active, being the first the most numerous. Finally, a theoretical void about measures for developing a sustainable sport tourism was found because the sources of the theme are scarce; thus, it is recommended to investigate the theme. / Trabajo de investigación

This diploma thesis concerns construction technology preparation of a sport centre in Brno, Řečkovice. The objective of the thesis is to design economically appropriate course of construction works, in accordance with technological requirements and principles of health and occupational safety during the realization of particular structures and parts of the construction. The thesis contains basic information about the construction, the developer, the author of the project documentation and about conducted surveys. Further it includes the construction technology project, its financial and time effort, traffic relations of the construction site, the situation of the construction site, proposal of the machinery equipment, economical of the principal construction machinery and technological standard. This thesis is focused on lower gross fabric with special foundation on pylons.