This research was conducted to analyse the crisis communication strategy used by Helios Airways after its Flight CY522 crash on 14 August 2005. The objective of the study was: • to examine the communication strategies Helios Airways chose and implemented in order to satisfy the enquiries of stakeholders who had different interests during the crisis. The pre-crisis background of Helios Airways; events related to the crash of Flight CY522, Boeing 737; and events after the crash were discussed. Owing to this, the single case study research approach was followed in conducting this study. Seven main issues emerge from the analysis of the data obtained. • the issue of the safety culture of the airline as discussed by the investigators of the crash; • the issue of compensation and handling of victims’ families; • the issue of the pressurisation defect of the aircraft identified the day before its flight which was not fixed; • the issue of the failure of the Boeing aircraft manufacturer to separate the signal which indicates take-off problems from that of pressurisation problems; • the issue of the government of Cyprus suspending flights after the crash; • the issue of the government of Cyprus Civil Aviation Authority granting a name change for Helios Airways to Ajet; and • the issue of the European Aviation Safety Agency in banning flights of Helios Airways. Denying responsibility, hedging responsibility, making amends, ingratiation and eliciting sympathy strategies were discussed inline with the crash of Helios Airways Flight CY522. Due to the pressurisation defect of the aircraft identified the day before its flight on the 14 August 2005, which was not fixed, the safety culture of the Airline had been perceived by the Cypriot public as low. This together with the delay of the compensation of the victims’ families and the confusing communication strategies, resulted in a negative public image of the Airline. The public insisted on the government of Cyprus banning the flight routes of Helios Airways. Due to those issues, Helios Airways was obliged to change its name to Ajet. However, even after the name change, the public did not accept Helios Airways as an airline of choice. Instead, they continued defaming Ajet in different media. Finally, Ajet ceased all operations and filed for bankruptcy. The major finding of this study is that Helios Airways did not have a crisis communication plan prepared in advance, and as a result, Helios Airways failed to communicate with its stakeholders, mainly the victims’ families and the media, by implementing a mix of inaccurate strategies without knowing exactly those stakeholders’ impact and degrees of involvement. There was no accurate correlation between the investigation progress and results, and the strategies. This can be substantiated from the niche width theory, which explains specialist airlines, as in Helios Airways, tend not to have crisis communication plans prepared in advance and as a result, lack consistency in messages. The general public, the civil aviation authority, and the government perceived the crash to have resulted from the failure of the Airways to fix the pressurisation problems that was identified the day before the crash. This clearly indicates the weakness of the communication strategies and the communication department of the Airways in identifying the perception of the public, and the media and their involvement, and then to align its strategies with the actual circumstances. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Communication Management / MCom / Unrestricted

Orientador: Adriana do Nascimento Araujo Mendes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T15:01:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SanchezHermoza_TilsaIsadoraJulia_M.pdf: 2214748 bytes, checksum: 7fa5875f7f3962548285a6208cf9cb6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa qualitativa teve como objetivo obter informações sobre estratégias de estudo de alunos de flauta transversal e, ao final, apontar sugestões para melhorias nesse estudo. Inicialmente, foi feita uma revisão histórica acerca do estudo da flauta transversal para situar as maneiras em que o ensino e aprendizado deste instrumento se desenvolveram. Abordou-se as caraterísticas da relação mestre-aprendiz, tendo como referência o tratado de Quantz, até chegar ao ensino sistematizado por meio da instituição conservatório como escola profissionalizante. A seguir, foi feita uma entrevista estruturada com seis estudantes de flauta de uma instituição de ensino superior (IES) brasileira, buscando extrair informações sobre as práticas de estudo dos alunos e sua formação musical. A partir das entrevistas, com base na análise de conteúdo de Laurence Bardin (2008), foram criadas quatro categorias abordando questões acerca dos modelos propostos pela tradição de ensino conservatorial, priorizando a aquisição de habilidades técnicas e, também, da organização de estratégias aplicadas no estudo diário que beneficiam o aprimoramento da performance. A análise de conteúdo dos relatos coletados apontou que o modelo de ensino tecnicista ainda é adotado como principal escolha entre os sujeitos investigados. As discussões apontam para um estudo que contemple um pensamento mais reflexivo, que possa beneficiar o planejamento de estratégias e adaptá-las às necessidades de cada indivíduo, otimizando assim o tempo e visando a uma prática eficaz / Abstract: This qualitative research aimed to obtain information about study strategies of undergraduate flute students and, at the end, to point to suggestions to improve the practice of the instrument. To begin with, we did an historical review of the study of the flute to situate the ways in which the teaching and learning of the instrument have developed. We have approached the features of the relationship between master-apprentice based on the treaty of Quantz, reaching a systematized study at the conservatory as a technical model . Second, we did a semi-structured interview with a group of six undergraduate flute students of a Brazilian university, searching for information about how they practice the instrument daily, and how they relate their practice with their own musical formation. After the interview, we created four categories approaching issues about the traditional models to learn that prioritize study of technical skills, and also about the organizing strategies applied in daily study to fully improve the performance, based on Laurence Bardin's analysis (2008). The results of analysis' contents of the collected reports shows that the technicist model of education is still adopted as the main choice among the investigated subjects. In the discussion, we point to ways of studying that contemplate a more reflexive thinking that can benefit planning strategies and adapt them to the needs of each individual thus optimizing the time and seeking an effective practice / Mestrado / Fundamentos Teoricos / Mestra em Música

Universidade de Taubaté / This dissertation intends to address of the competitive disadvantage between the commercial center of downtown Taubaté and the only shopping mall of the city. For this it purpose a strategic plan was worked out (or devised) which could be used by the small companies of the downtown area to help them satisfy their customers in order to revert the disadvantage that now occurs. So, the object of this work is the elaboration of a competitive plan for customers satisfaction, based on a real need noted by small managers, which is the lack of large safe area which would work as parking lot for vehicles of customers who use the central region of the city. To do this work, a bibliographical-documental method was used, which through the investigation of documents, tried to verify the viability of the use of the concepts of strategical planning and the customers satisfaction, as a way to satisfy the unmet needs of customers, because it was noted that the underground region of the Dom Epaminondas square supports the strategical requirement and the engineering requirements to reach the objectives. / Esta dissertação trata da desvantagem competitiva entre o centro comercial de Taubaté e o único shopping da cidade. Para isso, formulou-se um planejamento estratégico que pudesse ser utilizado pelas micro e pequenas empresas da região central de modo que elas consigam meios para satisfazer seus clientes e reverter a desvantagem ora percebida. Portanto, o objeto deste trabalho é a formulação de um planejamento competitivo de satisfação dos clientes, com base numa necessidade real percebida pelos micro empresários: a falta de um local amplo que possa, com segurança, servir de estacionamento para os veículos dos clientes que se utilizam da região central da cidade. Na consecução deste trabalho, utilizou-se o método bibliográfico-documental, para, por meio de documentos, inferir a viabilidade da utilização dos conceitos de planejamento estratégico e de satisfação dos clientes para solucionar o caso pesquisado. Verificou-se, com a pesquisa, a viabilidade da proposta que objetiva construir um estacionamento na região central da cidade como forma de atender aos desejos não satisfeitos dos clientes, e observou-se que a região subterrânea da praça Dom Epaminondas atende aos requisitos estratégicos e de engenharia para os fins propostos.

L'objectif de la présente étude était d'examiner l'utilisation des stratégies communicatives (SC) dans les interactions verbales entre apprenants de français langue étrangère dans le secondaire. À cette fin, un corpus contenant les interactions verbales de 36 apprenants de français de quatre écoles secondaires différentes du Royaume-Uni a été sélectionné et analysé pour les SC, en s'appuyant sur la taxonomie de Dörnyei et Scott (1997) utilisant une optique interactionniste. Les résultats révèlent que les apprenants ont utilisé principalement des stratégies indirectes, notamment des mots de remplissage et des auto-répétitions, afin de gagner du temps pour réfléchir et maintenir la conversation. Des stratégies directes ont également été fréquemment utilisées, en particulier l'auto-correction et le passage à une première langue (L1) partagée. L'auto-correction a principalement servi à ajuster le message pour atteindre et améliorer le sens partagé, tandis que le passage à la L1 était généralement utilisé pour atténuer les difficultés de communication et établir une relation avec les interlocuteurs sur la base d'une L1 partagée. Il est à noter que les stratégies interactionnelles, en particulier les questions en langue seconde (L2), n’étaient pas souvent présentes dans les interactions. Cela met en évidence la nécessité d'un enseignement plus explicite, en particulier en ce qui concerne des stratégies interactionnelles, afin que les apprenants soient capables de négocier le sens en posant des questions et en clarifiant le problème, de parvenir à un sens partagé et de soutenir une conversation en L2 sans avoir à recourir à la L1. / The aim of the current study was to examine the use of communication strategies in verbal interactions between secondary students of French as a Foreign language. To this end, a corpus containing the verbal interactions of 36 secondary students of French from four different high schools in the UK, was selected and scanned for communication strategies, drawing on Dörnyei and Scott’s taxonomy (1997) employing an interactionist lens. Findings reveal that students used mostly indirect strategies, notably filler words and self-repetitions in order to gain time to think and to maintain the conversation. Direct strategies were also employed frequently, in particular self-correction and code-switch, the change to a shared first language (L1). Self-correction served mainly the purpose of adjusting the message to achieve and enhance shared meaning, while the switch to the L1 was usually employed to alleviate communication difficulties and establish a relationship with the speaking partners based on a shared L1. It is noteworthy that interactional strategies, especially questions in the second language (L2), did not feature highly in the interactions. This points to a need for more explicit instruction, particularly in interactional strategies, so that students are able to negotiate meaning by asking questions and clarifying issue, achieve shared meaning and can sustain a conversation in the L2 without having to resort to the L1.

Rhythm is one of the most fundamental and important elements of musical performance, but many scholars maintain that rhythm sight-reading remains one of the biggest challenges for musicians in high school ensembles. The purpose of this study was to determine the rhythm sight-reading strategies of accomplished high school instrumentalists and whether the strategies they used were aligned with their respective visual, aural, kinesthetic, or read/write learning styles as determined by their VARK Questionnaire responses. The five questions that guided this inquiry were: (1) What learning strategies do Florida All-State musicians demonstrate while previewing challenging notated rhythm rhythms? (2) What learning strategies do Florida All-State musicians demonstrate while sight-reading challenging notated rhythms? (3) What sensory learning styles (visual, aural, read/write, and kinesthetic) do these demonstrated learning strategies represent? (4) Which sensory learning styles do these All-State musicians generally prefer while learning, according to their VARK Questionnaire results? (5) How do the learning strategies used successfully and unsuccessfully by these All-State musicians while sight-reading notated rhythms relate to their sensory learning style preferences? The 30 participants included 11th- and 12th-grade band musicians who had successfully auditioned into the Florida All-State Band or Orchestra multiple times. The verbal protocol analysis (VPA) technique was used to identify each student’s rhythm sight-reading strategies as they previewed and performed challenging rhythms on a keyboard. Data were coded and scored a minimum of two times. Each student musician’s strategies were then compared with his or her learning style preferences as determined by their responses to the VARK Questionnaire. The findings revealed that the participants used a wide variety of sight-reading strategies during both their preview time and while performing rhythms. Participants’ modality preferences, as determined by their responses to the VARK Questionnaire, were aural (83.3%), kinesthetic (73.3%), read/write (56.7%), and visual (53.3%). A comparison of the participants’ learning strategies to their preferred learning style preferences revealed that all 30 of the participants aurally or internally vocalized the rhythm patterns using “dut” or “1-e-&-a” syllables. Additionally, all but one of them utilized kinesthetic pulse strategies. The results of the study suggest that musicians may benefit from learning varied kinesthetic pulse and aural rhythm pattern strategies, as well as visual strategies, in order to select the ones that they like to use and best facilitate the execution of rhythms successfully. Additional findings indicate that high school musicians should be given adequate practice time so they can develop and apply their preferred strategies.

La presente investigación presenta un análisis destacado de las acciones de retención en bodegas relacionadas con la intención de compra. En las bodegas hacen uso de acciones para aumentar la intención de compra pero los bodegueros no saben que están haciendo uso de ellas o no están bien informados, por ende no les queda claro cómo influyen en la compra. No se valoran mucho las estrategias de retención que podrían realizar las bodegas para influir de mayor manera en la compra. En el siguiente estudio se verán las acciones más importantes de las bodegas y qué relación tienen con la intención de compra. Este estudio sirve para que las bodegas pueda darse cuenta de que acciones son las más relevantes. La siguiente investigación será de tipo mixto, ya que empieza con la recolección de información de la realidad de los participantes, la cual permitirá afinar los instrumentos para la medición cuantitativa. En ese enfoque, se intenta encontrar regularidades y relaciones además de poder ver si se aprueba la hipótesis y por consiguiente explicar el fenómeno de las tiendas de conveniencia, ya que las variables se asocian: las estrategias de plaza y la calidad impactan en la preferencia de compra de los clientes. De manera que se podrá conocer de qué manera impactan una en la otra, lo cual identifica la correlación. Asimismo, es descriptivo, ya que se va a definir los datos empíricos que vamos a recoger. Con el propósito de responder a través de este trabajo las preguntas iniciales y herramientas cualitativas se obtiene conclusiones en base a los hallazgos. Dentro de los resultados cualitativos encontramos cuatro acciones muy importantes utilizadas por bodegas: La confianza del vendedor con sus clientes, el tiempo de entrega del delivery, el fiado, el contacto con los productos y el costo del delivery. Se encontró al igual que los resultados cuantitativos, que existe una relación con la intención de compra en cada una de las acciones. Se evidencio que la relación es débil y media. / The present investigation presents an outstanding analysis of retention actions in warehouses related to the purchase intention. In the wineries they make use of actions to increase the intention of purchase but the winemakers do not know that they are making use of them or are not well informed, therefore it is not clear to them how they influence the purchase. The retention strategies that wineries could carry out to influence the purchase in a greater way are not valued much. In the following study you will see the most important actions of the wineries and how they relate to the purchase intention. This study serves to allow wineries to realize which actions are the most relevant. The following investigation will be of mixed type, since it begins with the collection of information on the reality of the participants, which will allow refining the instruments for quantitative measurement. In this approach, we try to find regularities and relationships in addition to being able to see if the hypothesis is approved and therefore explain the phenomenon of convenience stores, since the variables are associated: the strategies of place and quality impact on the preference of Customer purchase. So you can know how they impact one on the other, which identifies the correlation. It is also descriptive, since the empirical data that we are going to collect will be defined. With the purpose of answering through this work the initial questions and qualitative tools, conclusions are obtained based on the findings. Among the qualitative results we find four very important actions used by wineries: The trust of the seller with their customers, the delivery time of the delivery, the trust, the contact with the products and the cost of delivery. It was found, like the quantitative results, that there is a relationship with the intention to purchase in each of the shares. It was evident that the relationship is weak and medium. / Trabajo de investigación

The bring your own device (BYOD) phenomenon has proliferated, making its way into different business and educational sectors and enabling multiple vectors of attack and vulnerability to protected data. The purpose of this multiple-case study was to explore the strategies information technology (IT) security professionals working in a university setting use to secure an environment to support BYOD in a university system. The study population was comprised of IT security professionals from the University of California campuses currently managing a network environment for at least 2 years where BYOD has been implemented. Protection motivation theory was the study's conceptual framework. The data collection process included interviews with 10 IT security professionals and the gathering of publicly-accessible documents retrieved from the Internet (n = 59). Data collected from the interviews and member checking were triangulated with the publicly-accessible documents to identify major themes. Thematic analysis with the aid of NVivo 12 Plus was used to identify 4 themes: the ubiquity of BYOD in higher education, accessibility strategies for mobile devices, the effectiveness of BYOD strategies that minimize risk, and IT security professionals' tasks include identifying and implementing network security strategies. The study's implications for positive social change include increasing the number of users informed about cybersecurity and comfortable with defending their networks against foreign and domestic threats to information security and privacy. These changes may mitigate and reduce the spread of malware and viruses and improve overall cybersecurity in BYOD-enabled organizations.

Healthcare managers who are unaware of the various strategies that exist for reducing turnover could adversely affect patient care, organizational morale and performance, and the achievement of organizational goals. The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies healthcare supervisors used to reduce employee turnover. The participants comprised 3 senior healthcare managers located in central Texas responsible for hiring, firing, training, supervising, and successfully using strategies to reduce employee turnover. Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory provided the conceptual framework. Data were collected from semistructured interviews and a review of company documents. Thematic analysis of the data resulted in 5 emergent themes: peer-to-peer feedback, valuing employees, rewards and incentives, opportunities for growth, and training programs. The results of this study might contribute to social change by enhancing healthcare managers' understanding of the strategies that can be used to reduce employee turnover and improve existing conditions among patients, their families, staff, communities, and organizations.

Healthcare managers who are unaware of the various strategies that exist for reducing turnover could adversely affect patient care, organizational morale and performance, and the achievement of organizational goals. The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies healthcare supervisors used to reduce employee turnover. The participants comprised 3 senior healthcare managers located in central Texas responsible for hiring, firing, training, supervising, and successfully using strategies to reduce employee turnover. Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory provided the conceptual framework. Data were collected from semistructured interviews and a review of company documents. Thematic analysis of the data resulted in 5 emergent themes: peer-to-peer feedback, valuing employees, rewards and incentives, opportunities for growth, and training programs. The results of this study might contribute to social change by enhancing healthcare managers' understanding of the strategies that can be used to reduce employee turnover and improve existing conditions among patients, their families, staff, communities, and organizations.

For over two decades, studies on task planning and its role in second language learners' oral performance have shown that the opportunity to plan for a task generally improves learners' speech (Ellis, 2005). It has been hypothesized that the opportunity to plan for a task reduces cognitive load during language processing, thus allowing learners to attend to various aspects of language, and that this enhanced attention, in turn, results in more successful task performance. However, one limitation to this task planning research to date it that most studies have examined the effects of planning before task performance, while largely ignoring the effects of planning that occur during task performance (Yuan & Ellis, 2003). Another limitation in planning research is that findings have been based exclusively on external observation and measurement of learners' oral production; we know little about what strategies learners use that may result in higher-quality speech. The participants in this study were intermediate and high-intermediate learners of Japanese. They were divided into experimental groups and performed a narrative task under different task conditions. Participants received a set of pictures and were asked to retell the story in Japanese. To examine the effects of planning on task performance, fluency, complexity, and accuracy in the participants' speech were analyzed. For the analysis of planning strategies, retrospective interviews were given to a group of participants from each planning group immediately after the task performance. The results revealed that there were no significant differences in participants' oral production across planning conditions, except in the area of lexical complexity (participants without a pre-task planning opportunity produced narrative stories with a greater variety of vocabulary than those who planned before the task). A trade-off effect between lexical complexity and accuracy was found when participants planned either before or during the task. Another trade-off effect was found between lexical complexity and fluency for the participants with on-line planning only. The analyses of strategy use showed that second language learners generally selected similar strategies regardless of planning conditions. These results provided important pedagogical implications and suggested useful future research directions.